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2025 Arizona legislative session
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| 2025 Arizona legislative session |
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| General information |
| Scheduled session start: January 13, 2025 Scheduled session end: June 27, 2025 |
| Leadership |
| Senate President Warren Petersen (R) House Speaker |
| Elections |
| Next Election: November 3, 2026 Last Election: November 5, 2024 |
| Previous legislative sessions |
| 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 |
| Other 2025 legislative sessions |
In 2025, the Arizona State Legislature was scheduled to convene on January 13 and adjourn on June 27.
The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2024 elections. Republicans won a 17-13 majority in the Senate and a 33-27 majority in the House. The Democratic Party controlled the governorship, creating a divided state government. At the start of the 2025 session, Arizona was one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.
Leadership in 2025
Arizona State Senate
- Senate president: Warren Petersen (R)
- Majority leader: Sonny Borrelli (R)
- Minority leader: Mitzi Epstein (D)
Arizona House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House: Steve Montenegro (R)
- Majority leader: Leo Biasiucci (R)
- Minority leader: Lupe Contreras (D)
Partisan control in 2025
- See also: State government trifectas
Arizona was one of 12 states with a divided state government at the start of 2025 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.
Arizona was also one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.
The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the Arizona State Legislature in the 2025 legislative session.
Arizona State Senate
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 13 | |
| Republican Party | 17 | |
| Total | 30 | |
Arizona House of Representatives
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 27 | |
| Republican Party | 33 | |
| Total | 60 | |
Regular session
The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2025 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2025. This information is provided by BillTrack50.
Legislation trackers
- See also: Legislation Trackers
Ballotpedia’s legislation trackers are your go-to resource for staying on top of key legislative topics. We capture any bill introduced on the topic across all of the 50 state legislatures, and we track the movement of the bill every step of the way. We provide real-time updates and translate legislative legalese into easily understandable language. As of the 2025 session, Ballotpedia provided tracking on the following topics. Click on the links below to view related bills from the 2025 session:
Standing legislative committees
A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.
At the beginning of the 2025 legislative session, there were 28 standing committees in Arizona's state government, including 13 state Senate committees and 15 state House committees.
Senate committees
- Director Nominations
- Ethics Committee
- Finance Committee
- Government Committee
- Natural Resources, Energy, and Water Committee
- Senate Appropriations Committee
- Senate Commerce Committee
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate Elections Committee
- Senate Health and Human Services Committee
- Senate Judiciary Committee
- Senate Rules Committee
- Transportation and Technology Committee
House committees
- Criminal Justice Reform Committee
- Government and Elections Committee
- House Appropriations Committee
- House Commerce Committee
- House Education Committee
- House Health and Human Services Committee
- House Judiciary Committee
- House Rules Committee
- Land, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs Committee
- Military Affairs and Public Safety Committee
- Government and Elections Committee
- Natural Resources, Energy and Water Committee
- Regulatory Affairs Committee
- Transportation Committee
- Ways and Means Committee
Legislatively referred constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods by which the Arizona Constitution can be amended:
The Arizona Constitution provides for three methods of amending the Arizona Constitution—a citizen-initiated process, a legislative process, and a state constitutional convention. Arizona requires a simple majority to approve constitutional amendments. Arizona requires a 60% vote to pass ballot measures to approve taxes.
Initiative
- See also: Initiated constitutional amendment
Article 21, citizens have the power to initiate constitutional amendments in Arizona. An initiated constitutional amendment is a citizen-initiated ballot measure that amends a state's constitution. Eighteen (18) states allow citizens to initiate constitutional amendments.
In Arizona, the number of signatures required for an initiated constitutional amendment for the ballot is equal to 15 percent of votes cast for governor in the most recent gubernatorial election. Petitions can be circulated for up to 24 months. Signatures must be submitted four months prior to the election at which the measure is to appear. A simple majority is required for voter approval. Arizona requires a 60% vote to pass ballot measures to approve taxes.
Legislature
According to Article XVI, the state Legislature can refer constitutional amendments to the ballot for voters to decide. A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the Arizona State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 31 votes in the Arizona House of Representatives and 16 votes in the Arizona State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 2 of Article XXI of the Arizona Constitution, the state legislature can only call for a convention if it is approved by the electorate in a statewide vote. Any amendments, revisions, or proposals of the Constitution require a simple majority vote by the electorate.
Historical partisan control
The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of Arizona.
Arizona Party Control: 1992-2025
No Democratic trifectas • Twenty-two years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D |
| Senate | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | S | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Historical Senate control
Republicans won control of the Arizona State Senate in 2002. In 2024, they won a 16-14 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Arizona Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Arizona State Senate election results: 1992-2022
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 12 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 15* | 13 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Republicans | 18 | 19 | 18 | 16 | 15* | 17 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 21 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
Before 1992
Arizona achieved statehood in 1912. From 1912 to 1966, Democrats controlled the state Senate after nearly every election. Starting in 1966, Republicans began winning narrow majorities in the chamber, with Democrats winning control in three elections: 1974, 1976, and 1990.
Historical House control
Republicans won control of the Arizona House of Representatives in 1966. In 2024, they won a 31-29 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Arizona House following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Arizona House of Representatives election results: 1992-2022
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 25 | 22 | 22 | 20 | 24 | 21 | 22 | 27 | 25 | 20 | 24 | 22 | 25 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 |
| Republicans | 35 | 38 | 38 | 40 | 36 | 39 | 38 | 33 | 35 | 40 | 36 | 38 | 35 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
Before 1992
Arizona achieved statehood in 1912. From 1912 to 1966, Democrats controlled the chamber, often winning majorities that controlled more than 50 of the chamber's 60 seats. However, in 1966 the Democrats lost the majority and, as of 2022, had not won it back.
Analysis
Adopted legislation, 2011-2024
- See also: The State Legislative Decade - Arizona
In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.
See also
| Elections | Arizona State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
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External links
Footnotes
