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2025 Missouri legislative session
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| 2025 Missouri legislative session |
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| General information |
| Scheduled session start: January 8, 2025 Scheduled session end: May 16, 2025 |
| Leadership |
| Senate President David Wasinger (R) House Speaker |
| Elections |
| Next Election: November 3, 2026 Last Election: November 5, 2024 |
| Previous legislative sessions |
| 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 |
| Other 2025 legislative sessions |
In 2025, the Missouri General Assembly was scheduled to convene on January 8 and adjourn on May 16.
The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2024 elections. Republicans won a 24-10 majority in the Senate and a 111-52 majority in the House. The party also controlled the governorship, creating a Republican state government trifecta. At the start of the 2025 session, Missouri was one of 20 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.
Leadership in 2025
Missouri State Senate
- Senate president: David Wasinger (R)
- Majority leader: Tony Luetkemeyer (R)
- Minority leader: Doug Beck (D)
Missouri House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House: Jon Patterson (R)
- Majority leader: Alex Riley (R)
- Minority leader: Ashley Aune (D)
Partisan control in 2025
- See also: State government trifectas
Missouri was one of 23 Republican state government trifectas at the start of 2025 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.
Missouri was also one of 20 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.
The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the Missouri General Assembly in the 2025 legislative session.
Missouri State Senate
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 10 | |
| Republican Party | 24 | |
| Total | 34 | |
Missouri House of Representatives
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 52 | |
| Republican Party | 111 | |
| Total | 163 | |
Regular session
The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2025 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2025. This information is provided by BillTrack50.
Legislation trackers
- See also: Legislation Trackers
Ballotpedia’s legislation trackers are your go-to resource for staying on top of key legislative topics. We capture any bill introduced on the topic across all of the 50 state legislatures, and we track the movement of the bill every step of the way. We provide real-time updates and translate legislative legalese into easily understandable language. As of the 2025 session, Ballotpedia provided tracking on the following topics. Click on the links below to view related bills from the 2025 session:
Standing legislative committees
A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.
At the beginning of the 2025 legislative session, there were 73 standing committees in Missouri's state government, including 16 joint legislative committees, 22 state Senate committees, and 35 state House committees.
Joint legislative committees
- Agriculture Committee
- Joint Committee on Administrative Rules
- Joint Committee on Capitol Security
- Joint Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect
- Joint Committee on Disaster Preparedness and Awareness
- Joint Committee on Education
- Joint Committee on Government Accountability
- Joint Committee on Legislative Research
- Joint Committee on Public Assistance
- Joint Committee on Public Employee Retirement
- Joint Committee on Solid Waste Management District Operations Committee
- Joint Committee on Tax Policy
- Joint Committee on Transportation Oversight
- Joint Committee on the Justice System
- Joint Committee on the Life Sciences
- Rural Economic Development
Senate committees
- Administration Committee
- Agriculture, Food Production and Outdoor Resources Committee
- Appropriations Committee
- Commerce, Consumer Protection, Energy and the Environment Committee
- Education and Workforce Development
- Emerging Issues
- Governmental Accountability and Fiscal Oversight Committee
- Gubernatorial Appointments Committee
- Health and Pensions Committee
- Insurance and Banking Committee
- Judiciary and Civil and Criminal Jurisprudence Committee
- Local Government and Elections Committee
- Professional Registration Committee
- Progress and Development Committee
- Rules, Joint Rules, Resolutions & Ethics Committee
- Senate Economic Development Committee
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate General Laws Committee
- Senate Ways and Means Committee
- Seniors, Families, Veterans and Military Affairs Committee
- Small Business and Industry Committee
- Transportation, Infrastructure and Public Safety Committee
House committees
- Administration and Accounts Committee
- Administrative Oversight Committee
- Agriculture Policy Committee
- Budget Committee
- Children and Families Committee
- Consent and House Procedure Committee
- Conservation and Natural Resources Committee
- Corrections and Public Institutions Committee
- Crime Prevention Committee
- Downsizing State Government Committee
- Elections and Elected Officials Committee
- Elementary and Secondary Education Committee
- Emerging Issues Committee
- Ethics Committee
- Financial Institutions Committee
- Fiscal Review Committee
- Health and Mental Health Policy Committee
- Healthcare Reform
- Higher Education Committee
- House Economic Development Committee
- House General Laws Committee
- House Ways and Means Committee
- Insurance Committee
- Judiciary Committee
- Legislative Oversight Committee
- Legislative Review Committee
- Local Government Committee
- Pensions Committee
- Professional Registration and Licensing Committee
- Public Safety Committee
- Rural Community Development Committee
- Transportation Committee
- Utilities Committee
- Veterans Committee
- Workforce Development Committee
Legislatively referred constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods by which the Missouri Constitution can be amended:
The Missouri Constitution can be amended via three different paths—a citizen-initiated process, a legislative process, and a state constitutional convention.
Initiative
- See also: Initiated constitutional amendment
An initiated constitutional amendment is a citizen-initiated ballot measure that amends a state's constitution. Eighteen (18) states allow citizens to initiate constitutional amendments.
In Missouri, the number of signatures required for an initiated constitutional amendment is based on the number of votes cast for governor in the state's most recent gubernatorial election. In two-thirds of Missouri's congressional districts, proponents must collect signatures equal to 8% of the gubernatorial vote for initiated constitutional amendments. A simple majority vote is required for voter approval.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the Missouri General Assembly to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 82 votes in the Missouri House of Representatives and 18 votes in the Missouri State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 3a of Article XII of the Missouri Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is to automatically appear on the state's ballot every 20 years starting in 1942. Missouri is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
| State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri | 20 years | 2022 | 2042 |
Historical partisan control
The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of Missouri.
Missouri Party Control: 1992-2025
Eight years of Democratic trifectas • Thirteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Historical Senate control
Republicans won control of the Missouri State Senate in 2002. In 2024, they won a 24-10 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Missouri Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Missouri State Senate election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 20[1] | 19 | 19 | 18 | 17* | 14 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Republicans | 13 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 21 | 23 | 26 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Other | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Since no party had majority control, leadership of the chamber was split between the two parties.
Historical House control
Republicans won control of the Missouri House of Representatives in 2002. In 2024, they won a 111-52 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Missouri House following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Missouri House of Representatives election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 100 | 87 | 88 | 86 | 87 | 73 | 66 | 71 | 74 | 57 | 53 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 49 | 52 | 52 |
| Republicans | 62 | 76 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 90 | 97 | 92 | 89 | 106 | 110 | 117 | 117 | 116 | 114 | 111 | 111 |
| Other | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Analysis
Adopted legislation, 2015-2024
- See also: The State Legislative Decade - Missouri
In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.
See also
| Elections | Missouri State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
|---|---|---|---|
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ In 1992, one seat was held by a member from a minor party.
