2025 New York legislative session
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| 2025 New York legislative session |
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| General information |
| Scheduled session start: January 8, 2025 Scheduled session end: June 17, 2025 |
| Leadership |
| Senate President Antonio Delgado (D) House Speaker |
| Elections |
| Next Election: November 3, 2026 Last Election: November 5, 2024 |
| Previous legislative sessions |
| 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 |
| Other 2025 legislative sessions |
In 2025, the New York State Legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8 and adjourn on June 17.
The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2024 elections. Democrats won a 41-22 majority in the Senate and a 103-47 majority in the Assembly. The party also controlled the governorship, creating a Democratic state government trifecta. At the start of the 2025 session, New York was one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.
Leadership in 2025
New York State Senate
- Senate president: Antonio Delgado (D)
- Majority leader: Andrea Stewart-Cousins (D)
- Minority leader: Robert Ortt (R)
New York State Assembly
- Speaker of the Assembly: Carl Heastie (D)
- Majority leader: Crystal Peoples-Stokes (D)
- Minority leader: William Barclay (R)
Partisan control in 2025
- See also: State government trifectas
New York was one of 15 Democratic state government trifectas at the start of 2025 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.
New York was also one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.
The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the New York State Legislature in the 2025 legislative session.
New York State Senate
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 41 | |
| Republican Party | 22 | |
| Total | 63 | |
New York State Assembly
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 103 | |
| Republican Party | 47 | |
| Total | 150 | |
Regular session
The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2025 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2025. This information is provided by BillTrack50.
Legislation trackers
- See also: Legislation Trackers
Ballotpedia’s legislation trackers are your go-to resource for staying on top of key legislative topics. We capture any bill introduced on the topic across all of the 50 state legislatures, and we track the movement of the bill every step of the way. We provide real-time updates and translate legislative legalese into easily understandable language. As of the 2025 session, Ballotpedia provided tracking on the following topics. Click on the links below to view related bills from the 2025 session:
Standing legislative committees
A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.
At the beginning of the 2025 legislative session, there were 79 standing committees in New York's state government, including 40 state Senate committees and 39 state Assembly committees.
Senate committees
- Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Committee
- Budget and Revenue Committee
- Cities 1 Committee
- Cities 2 Committee
- Civil Service and Pensions Committee
- Commerce, Economic Development and Small Business Committee
- Consumer Protection Committee
- Crime Victims, Crime and Correction Committee
- Cultural Affairs, Tourism, Parks and Recreation Committee
- Disabilities Committee
- Elections Committee
- Energy and Telecommunications Committee
- Ethics and Internal Governance Committee
- Finance Committee
- Housing, Construction and Community Development Committee
- Internet and Technology Committee
- Investigations and Government Operations Committee
- Local Government Committee
- New York City Education Committee
- Procurement and Contracts Committee
- Racing, Gaming and Wagering Committee
- Senate Aging Committee
- Senate Agriculture Committee
- Senate Banks Committee
- Senate Children and Families Committee
- Senate Codes Committee
- Senate Corporations, Authorities and Commissions Committee
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate Environmental Conservation Committee
- Senate Health Committee
- Senate Higher Education Committee
- Senate Insurance Committee
- Senate Judiciary Committee
- Senate Labor Committee
- Senate Mental Health Committee
- Senate Rules Committee
- Senate Social Services Committee
- Senate Transportation Committee
- Veterans, Homeland Security and Military Affairs Committee
- Women's Issues Committee
House committees
- Aging Committee
- Agriculture Committee
- Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Committee
- Banks Committee
- Children and Families Committee
- Cities Committee
- Codes Committee
- Consumer Affairs and Protection Committee
- Corporations, Authorities and Commissions Committee
- Correction Committee
- Economic Development, Job Creation, Commerce and Industry Committee
- Education Committee
- Election Law Committee
- Energy Committee
- Environmental Conservation Committee
- Ethics and Guidance Committee
- Governmental Employees Committee
- Governmental Operations Committee
- Health Committee
- Higher Education Committee
- Housing Committee
- Insurance Committee
- Judiciary Committee
- Labor Committee
- Libraries and Education Technology Committee
- Local Governments Committee
- Mental Health Committee
- Oversight, Analysis and Investigation Committee
- People with Disabilities Committee
- Racing and Wagering Committee
- Real Property Taxation Committee
- Rules Committee
- Science & Technology Committee
- Small Business Committee
- Social Services Committee
- Tourism, Parks, Arts and Sports Development Committee
- Transportation Committee
- Veterans' Affairs Committee
- Ways and Means Committee
Legislatively referred constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods by which the New York Constitution can be amended:
| New York Constitution |
|---|
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| Preamble |
| Articles |
| I • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV • XV • XVI • XVII • XVIII • XIX • XX |
The New York Constitution can be amended through legislatively referred constitutional amendments or through constitutional conventions.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during two successive legislative sessions for the New York State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 126 votes in the New York State Assembly and 32 votes in the New York State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 2 of Article XIX of the New York Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is to automatically appear on the state's ballot every 20 years starting in 1957. New York is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
| State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York | 20 years | 2017 | 2037 |
Historical partisan control
The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of New York.
New York Party Control: 1992-2025
Nine years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| Senate | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| Assembly | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Historical Senate control
Democrats won control of the New York State Senate in 2018. In 2024, they won a 41-22 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the New York Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
New York State Senate election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 26 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 32 | 30 | 33 | 31 | 32 | 40 | 43 | 42 | 41 |
| Republicans | 35 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 35 | 33 | 30 | 32 | 30* | 32 | 31* | 23 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
*A coalition between the Independent Democratic Conference and Senate Republicans kept the Senate in Republican control.
Historical Assembly control
Democrats won control of the New York State Assembly in 1974. In 2024, they won a 103-47 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the New York State Assembly following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
New York State Assembly election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 101 | 94 | 96 | 98 | 99 | 102 | 104 | 108 | 109 | 99 | 105 | 106 | 106 | 106 | 106 | 101 | 103 |
| Republicans | 49 | 56 | 54 | 52 | 51 | 48 | 46 | 42 | 41 | 50 | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 49 | 47 |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Analysis
Adopted legislation, 2011-2024
- See also: The State Legislative Decade - New York
In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.
See also
| Elections | New York State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
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External links
Footnotes
