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2025 West Virginia legislative session
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2026 →
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| 2025 West Virginia legislative session |
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| General information |
| Scheduled session start: February 12, 2025 Scheduled session end: April 12, 2025 |
| Leadership |
| Senate President Randy E. Smith (R) House Speaker |
| Elections |
| Next Election: November 3, 2026 Last Election: November 5, 2024 |
| Previous legislative sessions |
| 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 |
| Other 2025 legislative sessions |
In 2025, the West Virginia State Legislature was scheduled to convene on February 12 and adjourn on April 12.
The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2024 elections. Republicans won a 32-2 majority in the Senate and a 91-9 majority in the House. The party also controlled the governorship, creating a Republican state government trifecta. At the start of the 2025 session, West Virginia was one of 20 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.
Leadership in 2025
West Virginia State Senate
- Senate president: Randy E. Smith (R)
- Majority leader: Patrick Martin (R)
- Minority leader: Mike Woelfel (D)
West Virginia House of Delegates
- Speaker of the House: Roger Hanshaw (R)
- Majority leader: Pat McGeehan (R)
- Minority leader: Sean Hornbuckle (D)
Partisan control in 2025
- See also: State government trifectas
West Virginia was one of 23 Republican state government trifectas at the start of 2025 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.
West Virginia was also one of 20 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.
The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the West Virginia State Legislature in the 2025 legislative session.
West Virginia State Senate
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 2 | |
| Republican Party | 32 | |
| Total | 34 | |
West Virginia House of Delegates
| Party | As of January 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 9 | |
| Republican Party | 91 | |
| Total | 100 | |
Regular session
The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2025 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2025. This information is provided by BillTrack50.
Legislation trackers
- See also: Legislation Trackers
Ballotpedia’s legislation trackers are your go-to resource for staying on top of key legislative topics. We capture any bill introduced on the topic across all of the 50 state legislatures, and we track the movement of the bill every step of the way. We provide real-time updates and translate legislative legalese into easily understandable language. As of the 2025 session, Ballotpedia provided tracking on the following topics. Click on the links below to view related bills from the 2025 session:
Standing legislative committees
A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.
At the beginning of the 2025 legislative session, there were 71 standing committees in West Virginia's state government, including 27 joint legislative committees, 20 state Senate committees, and 24 state House committees.
Joint legislative committees
- Council of Finance and Administration
- Economic Development Committee
- Education Accountability Committee
- Education Committee
- Employee Suggestion Award Board Committee
- Equal Pay Commission
- Finance Committee
- Forest Management Review Commission
- Government Operations Committee
- Government Organization Committee
- Government and Finance Committee
- Health Committee
- Health and Human Resources Accountability Committee
- Infrastructure Committee
- Intern Committee
- Interstate Cooperation Committee
- Law Institute Committee
- Minority Issues Committee
- PEIA, Seniors and Long Term Care Committee
- Pensions and Retirement Committee
- Regional Jail and Correctional Facility Authority Committee
- Rule-Making Review Committee
- Special Investigations Committee
- Technology Committee
- Veterans' Affairs Committee
- Water Resources Committee
- Workforce Investment for Economic Development Committee
Senate committees
- Confirmations Committee
- Energy, Industry and Mining Committee
- Military Committee
- Natural Resources Committee
- Pensions Committee
- Senate Agriculture and Rural Development Committee
- Senate Banking and Insurance Committee
- Senate Economic Development Committee
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate Enrolled Bills Committee
- Senate Finance Committee
- Senate Government Organization Committee
- Senate Health and Human Resources Committee
- Senate Interstate Cooperation Committee
- Senate Judiciary Committee
- Senate Outdoor Recreation Committee
- Senate Rules Committee
- Senate School Choice Committee
- Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
- Workforce Committee
House committees
- Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee
- Energy Committee
- Energy and Manufacturing Committee
- Fire Departments and Emergency Medical Services Committee
- House Banking and Insurance Committee
- House Education Committee
- House Enrolled Bills Committee
- House Finance Committee
- House Government Organization Committee
- House Health and Human Resources Committee
- House Interstate Cooperation Committee
- House Judiciary Committee
- House Pensions and Retirement Committee
- House Rules Committee
- Industry and Labor Committee
- Jails and Prisons
- Political Subdivisions Committee
- Prevention and Treatment of Substance Abuse Committee
- Senior Citizen Issues Committee
- Senior, Children, and Family Issues Committee
- Small Business, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Development Committee
- Technology & Infrastructure Committee
- Veterans Affairs and Homeland Security Committee
- Workforce Development Committee
Legislatively referred constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods by which the West Virginia Constitution can be amended:
The West Virginia Constitution can be modified through constitutional conventions and legislatively referred constitutional amendments. West Virginia does not feature the power of initiative for either initiated constitutional amendments or initiated state statutes.
Legislature
A two-thirds vote is required during one legislative session for the West Virginia State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 67 votes in the West Virginia House of Representatives and 23 votes in the West Virginia State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 1 of Article XIV of the West Virginia Constitution, the state Legislature can vote to refer a constitutional convention question to voters. A simple majority vote is required in the Legislature.
Historical partisan control
The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of West Virginia.
West Virginia Party Control: 1992-2024
Nineteen years of Democratic trifectas • Seven years of Republican trifectas
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D[1] | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Historical Senate control
Republicans won control of the West Virginia State Senate in 2014. In 2024, they won a 32-2 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the West Virginia Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
West Virginia State Senate election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 32 | 26 | 25 | 29 | 28 | 24 | 21 | 23 | 28 | 27 | 24 | 16 | 12 | 14 | 11 | 4 | 2 |
| Republicans | 2 | 8 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 18 | 22 | 20 | 23 | 30 | 32 |
Historical House control
Republicans won control of the West Virginia House of Delegates in 2014. In 2024, they won an 91-9 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the West Virginia House following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
West Virginia House of Delegates election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 79 | 69 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 68 | 68 | 72 | 79 | 65 | 54 | 36 | 37 | 41 | 24 | 12 | 9 |
| Republicans | 21 | 31 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 32 | 32 | 28 | 21 | 35 | 46 | 64 | 63 | 59 | 76 | 88 | 91 |
Analysis
Adopted legislation, 2011-2024
In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.
See also
| Elections | West Virginia State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Gov. Jim Justice switched his registration to Republican on August 4, 2017.
