2026 Michigan legislative session

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2026 Michigan legislative session
General information
Scheduled session start:    Jan. 14, 2026 Scheduled session end:    Dec. 31, 2026
Leadership
Senate President Garlin Gilchrist II (D) House Speaker Matt Hall (R) Majority Leader Senate: Winnie Brinks (D) House: Bryan Posthumus (R) Minority Leader Senate: Aric Nesbitt (R) House: Ranjeev Puri (D)
Elections
Next Election:    November 3, 2026 Last Election:    November 5, 2024
Previous legislative sessions
2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018
Other 2026 legislative sessions
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In 2026, the Michigan State Legislature is scheduled to convene on January 14, 2026, and adjourn on December 31, 2026.

The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2022 and 2024 elections. Democrats won a 20-18 majority in the Senate in 2022 and Republicans won a 58-52 majority in the House in 2024. The Democratic Party controlled the governorship, creating a divided state government. At the start of the 2026 session, Michigan was one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.

At the beginning of the 2026 legislative session:

Republicans held a majority in the Michigan state House and Democrats held a majority in the Michigan state Senate.

Michigan was one of 11 divided state governments.

Michigan's governor was Democrat Gretchen Whitmer.

Leadership in 2026

See also: Leadership positions in state legislatures

Michigan State Senate

• Senate president: Garlin Gilchrist II (D)
• Majority leader: Winnie Brinks (D)
• Minority leader: Aric Nesbitt (R)

Michigan House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House: Matt Hall (R)
• Majority leader: Bryan Posthumus (R)
• Minority leader: Ranjeev Puri (D)

Partisan control in 2026

See also: State government trifectas

Michigan was one of 11 divided state governments at the start of 2026 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.

Michigan was also one of 23 state legislatures where neither party had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.

The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the Michigan State Legislature in the 2026 legislative session.

Michigan State Senate

Partisan composition, Michigan State Senate

As of February 2026
Party	Members
Democratic	19
Republican	18
Other	0
Vacancies	1
Total	38

Michigan House of Representatives

Partisan composition, Michigan House of Representatives

As of February 2026
Party	Members
Democratic	52
Republican	58
Other	0
Vacancies	0
Total	110

Regular session

The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2026 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2026. This information is provided by BillTrack50.

Standing legislative committees

See also: Standing committee and List of committees in Michigan state government

A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.

At the beginning of the 2026 legislative session, there were 36 standing committees in Michigan's state government, including 17 state Senate committees and 19 state House committees.

Senate committees

• Civil Rights, Judiciary, and Public Safety Committee
• Economic and Small Business Development Committee
• Education and Career Readiness Committee
• Elections Committee
• Energy and Environment Committee
• Finance Committee
• Health Policy and Human Services
• Housing and Human Services Committee
• Labor Committee
• Local Government Committee
• Natural Resources and Agriculture Committee
• Senate Appropriations Committee
• Senate Government Operations Committee
• Senate Oversight Committee
• Senate Regulatory Reform Committee
• Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
• Veterans and Emergency Services Committee

House committees

• Communications and Technology Committee
• Economic Competitiveness Committee
• Education Committee
• Elections and Ethics Committee
• Energy Committee
• Families, Children, and Seniors Committee
• Financial Services Committee
• Health Policy Committee
• House Agriculture Committee
• House Appropriations Committee
• House Government Operations Committee
• House Oversight Committee
• House Regulatory Reform Committee
• Insurance Committee
• Judiciary Committee
• Natural Resources and Outdoor Recreation Committee
• Rules and Competitiveness Committee
• Select Committee on Protecting Michigan Employees and Small Businesses
• Transportation Committee

Legislatively referred constitutional amendments

In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

The methods by which the Michigan Constitution can be amended:

See also: Article XII of the Michigan Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in Michigan

The Michigan Constitution can be amended in three different ways—a citizen-initiated process, a legislative process, and a state constitutional convention.

Initiative

See also: Initiated constitutional amendment

An initiated constitutional amendment is a citizen-initiated ballot measure that amends a state's constitution. Eighteen (18) states allow citizens to initiate constitutional amendments.

In Michigan, the number of signatures required for an initiated constitutional amendment is equal to 10% of the votes cast in the last gubernatorial election. A simple majority vote is required for voter approval.

Legislature

See also: Legislatively referred constitutional amendment

A two-thirds vote is required during one legislative session for the Michigan State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 74 votes in the Michigan House of Representatives and 26 votes in the Michigan State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

Convention

See also: Convention-referred constitutional amendment

According to Section 3 of Article XII of the Michigan Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is to automatically appear on the state's ballot every 16 years starting in 1978. Michigan is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.

The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:

State	Interval	Last question on the ballot	Next question on the ballot
Michigan	16 years	2010	2026

Historical partisan control

The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of Michigan.

Michigan Party Control: 1992-2026
Two years of Democratic trifectas  •  Fourteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26
Governor	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
Senate	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D
House	D	S	S	R	R	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	R	R

Historical Senate control

Democrats won a 20-18 majority in the Michigan State Senate in 2022, gaining control of the chamber for the first time since 1984.

The table below shows the partisan history of the Michigan Senate following every general election from 1990 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

Michigan State Senate election results: 1990-2022

Year	'90	'94	'98	'02	'06	'10	'14	'18	'22
Democrats	18	16	15	16	17	12	11	16	20
Republicans	20	22	23	22	21	26	27	22	18

Historical House control

Republicans won a 58-52 majority in the Michigan House of Representatives in 2024, regaining control of the chamber after Democrats won control in 2022.

The table below shows the partisan history of the Michigan House following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

Michigan House of Representatives election results: 1992-2024

Year	'92*	'94	'96	'98	'00	'02	'04	'06	'08	'10	'12	'14	'16	'18	'20	'22	'24
Democrats	55	54	58	52	51	47	52	58	67	47	51	47	47	52	52	56	52
Republicans	55	56	52	58	59	63	58	52	43	63	59	63	63	58	58	54	58

*Chamber controlled by power-sharing agreement

Analysis

Adopted legislation, 2011-2024

See also: The State Legislative Decade - Michigan

In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.

See also

Elections	Michigan State Government	State Legislatures	State Politics
Michigan State Senate elections, 2026 Michigan House of Representatives elections, 2026	Michigan State Legislature Michigan House of Representatives Michigan State Senate Governor of Michigan Michigan Supreme Court	State legislative elections, 2026 State legislative special elections, 2026 State legislative elections, 2024 State legislative elections, 2022	State government trifectas State government triplexes Veto overrides in state legislatures State executives State courts Ballot measures

External links

• Search Google News for this topic
• Michigan State Legislature homepage

Footnotes

State legislatures

Legislatures

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2026

State legislative elections (2026) • State legislative special elections (2026) • Primary dates and filing requirements • 2026 Session Dates

2025

State legislative elections (2025) • State legislative special elections (2025) • Primary dates and filing requirements • 2025 Session Dates

Historical elections

2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014 • 2013 • 2012 • 2011 • 2010 • 2009 • 2008 • 2007 • 2006 • 2005 • 2004 • 2003 • 2002 • 2001 • 2000

Features of state legislatures

How vacancies are filled in state legislatures • States with a full-time legislature • State legislatures with term limits • Comparison of state legislative salaries • When state legislators assume office after a general election • Population represented by state legislators • State constitutional articles governing state legislatures • State legislative sessions • Resign-to-run law • State legislature candidate requirements by state • Official names of state legislatures • State legislative chambers that use multi-member districts • Factors Affecting Competitiveness in State Legislative Elections

State senates

Length of terms of state senators • State senators • Partisan composition of state senates • State senators sorted by year first elected

State houses

Length of terms of state representatives • State representatives • Partisan composition of state houses • State representatives sorted by year first elected

Leadership positions

President of the Senate • President Pro Tempore • Senate Majority Leader • Senate Minority Leader • House Majority Leader • House Minority Leader • State Speaker of the House

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