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Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022
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| Alabama's 3rd Congressional District |
|---|
 |
| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: February 11, 2022 |
| Primary: May 24, 2022 Primary runoff: June 21, 2022 General: November 8, 2022 |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Voting in Alabama |
| Race ratings |
Cook Political Report: Solid Republican Inside Elections: Solid Republican Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Republican |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2022 |
| See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th Alabama elections, 2022 U.S. Congress elections, 2022 U.S. Senate elections, 2022 U.S. House elections, 2022 |
All U.S. House districts, including the 3rd Congressional District of Alabama, held elections in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. The primary was scheduled for May 24, 2022, and a primary runoff was scheduled for June 21, 2022. The filing deadline was February 11, 2022.
The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 118th Congress. All 435 House districts were up for election.
Republicans won a 222-213 majority in the U.S. House in 2022.
Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 32.5% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 66.6%.[1]
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022 (May 24 Republican primary)
- Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022 (May 24 Democratic primary)
Candidates and election results
See also: Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Incumbent Mike Rogers defeated Lin Veasey, Douglas Bell, and Thomas Casson in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Mike Rogers (R) | 71.2 | 135,602 |
 | Lin Veasey (D)  | 25.1 | 47,859 | |
 | Douglas Bell (Independent) | 2.0 | 3,831 | |
 | Thomas Casson (L) | 1.6 | 3,034 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0 | 80 | ||
| Total votes: 190,406 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
The Democratic primary election was canceled. Lin Veasey advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3.
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Incumbent Mike Rogers defeated Michael Joiner in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Mike Rogers | 81.9 | 70,843 |
 | Michael Joiner | 18.1 | 15,618 | |
| Total votes: 86,461 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Alabama
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
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Douglas Bell (Independent)
I believe that Religious Freedom is a foundation of our nation. I believe that religious freedom of the First Amendment applies to our everyday lives and not just our religious institutions. I believe a great amount of religious freedom was stripped away in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 when the government began to dictate to employers, even private employers, what things they could not consider when making hiring decisions. Whoever funds the payroll should decide what things they consider when making hiring decisions in accordance with their own religious beliefs. I believe that the free market should reward or punish wise or foolish employers rather than an agency of the federal government.
I have signed the pledge for the organization U.S. Term Limits to support legislation introduced by Senator Ted Cruz to amend the constitution so that U.S. Representatives will be limited to three terms and U.S. Senators will be limited to two terms. In the words of one of my political heroes of recent years, former Senator and Presidential Candidate Ron Paul, “term limits will increase performance and prevent corruption.” Those two outcomes he stresses are truly needed in both houses of Congress.
Lin Veasey (D)
I support Democratic party values. I can offer an enhanced perspective on certain issues along with a willingness to move beyond bumper stickers to craft policy that honors our rule of law and the reality of current challenges in our country.
I am committed to create a future of possibility together, through economic opportunities, educational support, and increased wellness for every Alabamian in district #3.
Douglas Bell (Independent)
Lin Veasey (D)
Education: K-4 through our college systems with a focus on people over buildings especially teacher/professor recruitment and retention, and more opportunities for career education partnered with business. Business: expanding with our strengths while seeking new opportunities, incubating small business, creating a revitalization plan for shuttered factories. Those Who Serve: valuing and supporting service members in the military (veterans, reserves and active duty), police, firefighters, EMTs. Tourism: offering to our citizens and those traveling to and through our great district enhancing experiences. Maximizing connections with our State Parks and natural resources, Agriculture; seeking ways to offset higher fuel costs in the food chain and programs to assist in developing a new generation of leaders and skilled workers. Mental wellness and services; funding for mental health officers in each county, increased access to beds, residential treatment, outpatient services. Enhanced school counseling programs and partnerships for parent education and support. Arts education in schools and across the lifespan Health care funding and access Gun violence Housing increased awareness, access, and planning for the next 40 years to respond to both low income and first home buyers who are often priced out of the market.
National security
Lin Veasey (D)
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[2] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[3] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
| U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
| Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
| April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
| July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
| October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
| Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
| Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
| Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mike Rogers | Republican Party | $2,261,995 | $1,737,894 | $1,027,335 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Lin Veasey | Democratic Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Michael Joiner | Republican Party | $500 | $539 | $-39 | As of May 4, 2022 |
| Thomas Casson | Libertarian Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Douglas Bell | Independent | $7,681 | $7,596 | $85 | As of December 31, 2022 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
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General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[4]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[5][6][7]
| Race ratings: Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 8, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | October 25, 2022 | October 18, 2022 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | Solid Republican | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Safe Republican | Safe Republican | Safe Republican | Safe Republican | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Ballot access requirements
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Alabama in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Alabama, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2022 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Alabama | U.S. House | Ballot-qualified party | N/A | Fixed by party | 2/11/2022 | Source |
| Alabama | U.S. House | Unaffiliated | 3% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election | N/A | 5/24/2022 | Source |
District analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.
- District map - A map of the district before and after redistricting.
- Effect of redistricting - How districts in the state changed as a result of redistricting following the 2020 census.
- Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2022 U.S. House elections in the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
- State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
District map
Below was the map in use at the time of the election, enacted as part of the 2020 redistricting cycle, compared to the map in place before the election.
Alabama District 3
before 2020 redistricting cycle
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Alabama District 3
after 2020 redistricting cycle
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Effect of redistricting
The table below details the results of the 2020 presidential election in each district at the time of the 2022 election and its political predecessor district.[8] This data was compiled by Daily Kos Elections.[9]
| 2020 presidential results by Congressional district, Alabama | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | 2022 district | Political predecessor district | ||
Joe Biden 
|
Donald Trump 
|
Joe Biden
|
Donald Trump
| |
| Alabama's 1st | 35.3% | 63.6% | 35.3% | 63.7% |
| Alabama's 2nd | 34.8% | 64.2% | 35.1% | 63.9% |
| Alabama's 3rd | 32.5% | 66.6% | 33.7% | 65.3% |
| Alabama's 4th | 18.6% | 80.4% | 17.8% | 81.2% |
| Alabama's 5th | 35.6% | 62.7% | 35.7% | 62.7% |
| Alabama's 6th | 34.4% | 64.4% | 31.8% | 67.0% |
| Alabama's 7th | 65.6% | 33.6% | 70.8% | 28.5% |
Competitiveness
This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in Alabama.
Post-filing deadline analysis
The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in Alabama in 2022. Information below was calculated on April 28, 2022, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.
In 2022, 22 candidates ran for Alabama’s seven U.S. House districts, including 13 Republicans and eight Democrats. That’s 3.14 candidates per district, less than the 3.57 candidates per district in 2020 and 3.28 in 2018.
This was the first election to take place under new district lines following the 2020 census. Alabama was apportioned the same number of congressional districts as after the 2010 census.
One district — the 5th — was open, with incumbent Rep. Mo Brooks (R) running for the U.S. Senate. Brooks was first elected in 2010 after defeating Steve Raby (D) 57.9% to 42.1%. The open seat in 2022 was one more than in 2012, the previous post-redistricting election year. There were two open seats in 2020, no open seats in 2018 and 2016, and one open seat in 2014.
There were three contested Democratic primaries and two contested Republican primaries. Five incumbents - four Republicans and one Democrat - didn't face any primary challengers. Two districts — the 1st and the 6th — were guaranteed to Republicans since no Democrats filed for election. There were no districts guaranteed to Democrats because no Republicans filed. Eight candidates — two Democrats and six Republicans — ran in the 5th district, more than in any other.
Presidential elections
Partisan Voter Index
Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+19. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 19 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 3rd the 43rd most Republican district nationally.[10]
2020 presidential election results
The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.
| 2020 presidential results in Alabama's 3rd based on 2022 district lines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joe Biden
|
Donald Trump
| |||
| 32.5% | 66.6% | |||
Presidential voting history
- See also: Presidential election in Alabama, 2020
Alabama presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 16 Democratic wins
- 13 Republican wins
- 2 other wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960[11] | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | SR[12] | D | D | D | R | AI[13] | R | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Demographics
The table below details demographic data in Alabama and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.
| Demographic Data for Alabama | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | United States | |
| Population | 5,024,279 | 331,449,281 |
| Land area (sq mi) | 50,646 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White | 67.5% | 70.4% |
| Black/African American | 26.6% | 12.6% |
| Asian | 1.4% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.5% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander | 0% | 0.2% |
| Other (single race) | 1.5% | 5.1% |
| Multiple | 2.4% | 5.2% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 4.4% | 18.2% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate | 86.9% | 88.5% |
| College graduation rate | 26.2% | 32.9% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income | $52,035 | $64,994 |
| Persons below poverty level | 16% | 12.8% |
| Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2015-2020). | ||
| **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. | ||
State party control
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Alabama's congressional delegation as of November 2022.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Alabama, November 2022 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Republican | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 7 | 9 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Alabama's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.
| State executive officials in Alabama, November 2022 | |
|---|---|
| Office | Officeholder |
| Governor | Kay Ivey
|
| Lieutenant Governor | Will Ainsworth
|
| Secretary of State | John Merrill
|
| Attorney General | Steve Marshall
|
State legislature
The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the Alabama State Legislature as of November 2022.
Alabama State Senate
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 8 | |
| Republican Party | 27 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 35 | |
Alabama House of Representatives
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 28 | |
| Republican Party | 73 | |
| Vacancies | 4 | |
| Total | 105 | |
Trifecta control
As of November 2022, Alabama was a Republican trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.
Alabama Party Control: 1992-2022
Six years of Democratic trifectas • Twelve years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
District history
2020
See also: Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020
Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)
Alabama's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020 (March 3 Republican primary)
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Incumbent Mike Rogers defeated Adia Winfrey in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Mike Rogers (R) | 67.5 | 217,384 |
 | Adia Winfrey (D) | 32.5 | 104,595 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 255 | ||
| Total votes: 322,234 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
The Democratic primary election was canceled. Adia Winfrey advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Hannah Thompson (D)
Republican primary election
The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Mike Rogers advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Thomas Casson (R)
2018
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Incumbent Mike Rogers defeated Mallory Hagan in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Mike Rogers (R) | 63.7 | 147,770 |
 | Mallory Hagan (D) | 36.2 | 83,996 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 149 | ||
| Total votes: 231,915 (100.00% precincts reporting) | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Mallory Hagan defeated Adia Winfrey in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Mallory Hagan | 65.7 | 21,410 |
| Adia Winfrey | 34.3 | 11,157 | |
| Total votes: 32,567 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3
Incumbent Mike Rogers advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 3 on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | ||
| ✔ | | Mike Rogers |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Mike Rogers (R) defeated the only Democrat to file in the race, Jesse Smith, in the general election. Rogers defeated Larry DiChiara in the Republican primary on March 1, 2016.[14][15][16]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican |  Mike Rogers Incumbent |
66.9% | 192,164 | |
| Democratic | Jesse Smith | 32.9% | 94,549 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 391 | |
| Total Votes | 287,104 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Mike Rogers Incumbent |
76% | 77,432 | ||
| Larry DiChiara | 24% | 24,474 | ||
| Total Votes | 101,906 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State |
||||
2014
The 3rd Congressional District of Alabama held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Mike Rogers (R) defeated Jesse Smith (D) in the general election.
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Mike Rogers Incumbent |
66.1% | 103,558 | |
| Democratic | Jesse Smith | 33.7% | 52,816 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.2% | 246 | |
| Total Votes | 156,620 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
June 3, 2014, primary results
|
|
|
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Political predecessor districts are determined primarily based on incumbents and where each chose to seek re-election.
- ↑ Daily Kos Elections, "Daily Kos Elections 2020 presidential results by congressional district (old CDs vs. new CDs)," accessed May 12, 2022
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ Although he was not on the ballot, Harry F. Byrd (D) won six unpledged electoral votes in Alabama's 1960 election against Richard Nixon (R) and Democratic Party nominee John F. Kennedy. Kennedy won Alabama's popular vote and received five electoral votes.
- ↑ States' Rights Democratic Party
- ↑ American Independent Party
- ↑ The New York Times, "Alabama Primary Results," accessed March 1, 2016
- ↑ Alabama Republican Party, "2016 Qualified Alabama Republican Candidates," accessed November 10, 2015
- ↑ Alabama Democrats, "Qualified Democratic Candidates as of November 6, 2015," accessed November 10, 2015
