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Alabama's 4th Congressional District

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Alabama's 4th Congressional District
Incumbent
Robert AderholtRepublican
Assumed office: January 3, 1997

Alabama's 4th Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Robert Aderholt (R).

As of the 2020 Census, Alabama representatives represented an average of 718,579 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 686,140 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2024

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt won election in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt (R)
 
98.8
 
274,498
 Other/Write-in votes
 
1.2
 
3,374

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 277,872
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt defeated Justin Holcomb in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt
 
79.8
 
79,083
Image of Justin Holcomb
Justin Holcomb Candidate Connection
 
20.2
 
20,025

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 99,108
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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2022

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt defeated Rick Neighbors and Johnny C. Cochran in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt (R)
 
84.1
 
164,655
Image of Rick Neighbors
Rick Neighbors (D)
 
13.6
 
26,694
Image of Johnny C. Cochran
Johnny C. Cochran (L) Candidate Connection
 
2.2
 
4,303
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.0
 
81

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 195,733
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Rick Neighbors defeated Rhonda Gore in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on May 24, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Rick Neighbors
Rick Neighbors
 
54.1
 
4,500
Image of Rhonda Gore
Rhonda Gore Candidate Connection
 
45.9
 
3,823

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 8,323
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Robert Aderholt advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2020

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt defeated Rick Neighbors in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt (R)
 
82.2
 
261,553
Image of Rick Neighbors
Rick Neighbors (D)
 
17.7
 
56,237
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
239

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 318,029
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Rick Neighbors advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Robert Aderholt advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4.

2018

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt defeated Lee Auman in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt (R)
 
79.8
 
184,255
Image of Lee Auman
Lee Auman (D) Candidate Connection
 
20.1
 
46,492
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
222

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 230,969
(100.00% precincts reporting)
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Lee Auman defeated Rick Neighbors in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Lee Auman
Lee Auman Candidate Connection
 
54.1
 
8,609
Image of Rick Neighbors
Rick Neighbors
 
45.9
 
7,297

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.

Total votes: 15,906
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4

Incumbent Robert Aderholt defeated Anthony Blackmon in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Robert Aderholt
Robert Aderholt
 
81.5
 
93,959
Image of Anthony Blackmon
Anthony Blackmon
 
18.5
 
21,366

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.

Total votes: 115,325
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2016

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Robert Aderholt (R) was unopposed in the general election, as no Democratic candidates filed to run. Aderholt defeated Phil Norris in the Republican primary on March 1, 2016.[1][2][3]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt Incumbent 98.5% 235,925
     N/A Write-in 1.5% 3,519
Total Votes 239,444
Source: Alabama Secretary of State


U.S. House, Alabama District 4 Republican Primary, 2016
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt Incumbent 81.2% 86,660
Phil Norris 18.8% 20,096
Total Votes 106,756
Source: Alabama Secretary of State

2014

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 4th Congressional District of Alabama held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Robert Aderholt ran unopposed in the general election.

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt Incumbent 98.6% 132,831
     N/A Write-in 1.4% 1,921
Total Votes 134,752
Source: Alabama Secretary of State

2012

See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District elections, 2012

The 4th Congressional District of Alabama held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Robert Aderholt won re-election in the district.[4]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Daniel H. Boman 25.9% 69,706
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt Incumbent 74% 199,071
     N/A Write-In 0.1% 341
Total Votes 269,118
Source: Alabama Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"


2010
On November 2, 2010, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He ran unopposed in the general election.[5]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2010
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 100% 167,714
Total Votes 167,714


2008
On November 4, 2008, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Nicholas Sparks (D) in the general election.[6]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2008
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 74.9% 196,741
     Democratic Nicholas Sparks 25.1% 66,077
Total Votes 262,818


2006
On November 7, 2006, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Barbara Bobo (D) in the general election.[7]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2006
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 70.3% 128,484
     Democratic Barbara Bobo 29.7% 54,382
Total Votes 182,866


2004
On November 2, 2004, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Carl Cole (D) in the general election.[8]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2004
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 74.8% 191,110
     Democratic Carl Cole 25.2% 64,278
Total Votes 255,388


2002
On November 5, 2002, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Tony Hughes McLendon (L) in the general election.[9]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2002
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 87% 139,705
     Libertarian Tony Hughes McLendon 13% 20,858
Total Votes 160,563


2000
On November 7, 2000, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Marsha Folsom (D) and Craig Goodrich (L) in the general election.[10]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 2000
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 60.9% 140,009
     Democratic Marsha Folsom 37.6% 86,400
     Libertarian Craig Goodrich 1.5% 3,519
Total Votes 229,928


1998
On November 3, 1998, Robert Aderholt won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Don Bevill (D) in the general election.[11]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 1998
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt incumbent 56.4% 106,297
     Democratic Don Bevill 43.6% 82,065
Total Votes 188,362


1996
On November 5, 1996, Robert Aderholt won election to the United States House. He defeated Robert T. Wilson, Jr. (D) and Alan Barksdale (L) in the general election.[12]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 1996
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRobert Aderholt 49.9% 102,741
     Democratic Robert T. Wilson, Jr. 48.2% 99,250
     Libertarian Alan Barksdale 1.8% 3,718
Total Votes 205,709


1994
On November 8, 1994, Tom Bevill won re-election to the United States House. He ran unopposed in the general election.[13]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 1994
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTom Bevill incumbent 98.5% 119,436
     N/A Write-in 1.5% 1,826
Total Votes 121,262


1992
On November 3, 1992, Tom Bevill won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Martha Strickland (R) and Robert King (L) in the general election.[14]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 1992
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTom Bevill incumbent 68.5% 157,907
     Republican Martha Strickland 29% 66,934
     Libertarian Robert King 2.4% 5,646
     N/A Write-in 0% 36
Total Votes 230,523


1990
On November 6, 1990, Tom Bevill won re-election to the United States House. He ran unopposed in the general election.[15]

U.S. House, Alabama District 4 General Election, 1990
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTom Bevill incumbent 99.7% 129,872
     N/A Write-in 0.3% 340
Total Votes 130,212


District map

Redistricting

2020-2023

See also: Redistricting in Alabama after the 2020 census

On October 5, 2023, a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama approved a new congressional district map. The map created a new district with a 48.7% Black voting-age population. In its decision, the panel said that "this plan satisfies all constitutional and statutory requirements while hewing as closely as reasonably possible to the Alabama legislature’s 2023 Plan."[16]

A three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama ruled on September 5, 2023, that the revised congressional district boundaries that the Alabama legislature enacted on July 21, 2023, were not in accordance with the Voting Rights Act.[17] The state adopted the revised congressional map after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 on June 8, 2023, that the state's congressional redistricting plan adopted on November 4, 2021, violated the Voting Rights Act and had to be redrawn to include a second majority-Black district.[18][19] The federal district court's order said, "this Court concluded that the 2023 Plan did not remedy the likely Section 2 violation found by this Court and affirmed by the Supreme Court. We, therefore, preliminarily enjoined Secretary Allen from using the 2023 Plan in Alabama’s upcoming 2024 congressional elections."[17]

On September 26, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the state's request to use the district boundaries overturned by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The decision was unanimous, with none of the justices dissenting. The ruling allowed for the continuation of Special Master Richard Allen's proposed district maps by a panel of federal judges. Lead plaintiff Evan Milligan said the ruling was a "victory for all Alabamians" and "definitely a really positive step." Attorney General Steve Marshall’s office had not issued a statement on the decision as of September 26.[20]

The federal district court ordered its Special Master to submit three proposed remedial plans with the court by September 25, 2023, that comply with the Voting Rights Act and "traditional redistricting principles to the extent reasonably practicable."[17] Alabama Secretary of State Wes Allen's office said it would appeal the federal court's decision to the U.S. Supreme Court. A spokesperson for Allen issued a statement which said, "While we are disappointed in today’s decision, we strongly believe that the legislature’s map complies with the Voting Rights Act and the recent decision of the U.S. Supreme Court. We intend to promptly seek review from the Supreme Court to ensure that the State can use its lawful congressional districts in 2024 and beyond."[21] Special Master Richard Allen submitted the three maps for the judges' consideration on September 25. One map would create a second congressional district in southeastern Alabama with a 50.1% Black voting-age population, while the other two would create districts with either a 48.7% or 48.5% Black population.[22]

How does redistricting in Alabama work? The Alabama State Legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines. Both chambers of the state legislature must approve a single redistricting plan. State legislative district lines must be approved in the first legislative session following the United States Census. There is no statutory deadline for congressional redistricting. The governor may veto the lines drawn by the state legislature.[23]

The Alabama Constitution requires that state legislative district lines be contiguous. In addition, the state constitution mandates that state Senate districts "follow county lines except where necessary to comply with other legal requirements."[23]

In 2000, according to All About Redistricting, the legislative committee charged with redistricting "adopted guidelines ... asking that [congressional] districts be contiguous, reasonably compact, follow county lines where possible, and maintain communities of interest to the extent feasible." In addition, the committee agreed to "attempt to avoid contests between incumbents." Similar guidelines apply to state legislative redistricting. At its discretion, the state legislature may change these guidelines, which are non-binding.[23]

Below are the congressional maps in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for Alabama’s 2024 congressional elections.

Alabama District 4
before 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

Alabama District 4
after 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.


2010-2011

This is the 4th Congressional District of Alabama after the 2001 redistricting process.
See also: Redistricting in Alabama after the 2010 census

In 2011, the Alabama State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2026

Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[24]

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[25]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 80.6%-18.5%.[26]

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[27]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 18.6% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 80.4%.[28]

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+30. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 30 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th Congressional District the fifth most Republican nationally.[29]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.86. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.86 points toward that party.[30]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The New York Times, "Alabama Primary Results," accessed March 1, 2016
  2. ↑ Alabama Republican Party, "2016 Qualified Alabama Republican Candidates," accessed November 10, 2015
  3. ↑ Alabama Democrats, "Qualified Democratic Candidates as of November 6, 2015," accessed November 10, 2015
  4. ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, Alabama," November 6, 2012
  5. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  6. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
  7. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
  8. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
  9. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
  10. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
  11. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
  12. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
  13. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
  14. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
  15. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
  16. ↑ United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, "Case 2:21-cv-01530-AMM," accessed October 6, 2023
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, "Milligan, et. al v. Allen, et. al," September 5, 2023
  18. ↑ CNN, "Alabama GOP-controlled legislature approves congressional map with just one majority-Black district despite court order," accessed July 21, 2023
  19. ↑ MSN, "Supreme Court rules in favor of Black voters in Alabama redistricting case," June 8, 2023
  20. ↑ Associated Press, "The Supreme Court will let Alabama’s congressional map be redrawn to better represent Black voters," September 26, 2023
  21. ↑ USA Today, "Federal court smacks down Alabama congressional maps in showdown over Black voting power," September 5, 2023
  22. ↑ CNN, "Special master in Alabama redistricting case proposes three House maps in a closely watched voting rights fight," September 25, 2023
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 All About Redistricting, "Alabama," accessed April 16, 2015
  24. ↑ Cook Political Report, "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)," accessed July 1, 2025
  25. ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
  26. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  27. ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
  28. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  29. ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
  30. ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018


Alabama's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators
Katie Britt (R)
Tommy Tuberville (R)
Representatives
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
District 7
Republican Party (7)
Democratic Party (2)

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