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Alabama state legislative special elections, 2019

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In 2019, two special elections were called to fill vacant seats in the Alabama State Legislature. Click here to read more about the special elections.

House special elections called:

How vacancies are filled in Alabama

See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures


If there is a vacancy in the Alabama State Legislature, a special election must generally be conducted in order to fill the vacant seat. In the event that a vacancy occurs on or after October 1 in the year of a regular election, the seat will remain vacant until filled at the regular election. Otherwise, the governor must call for a special election if the vacancy happens before the next scheduled general election and the Legislature is in session.[1][2][3] The governor has all discretion in setting the date of the election along with the nominating deadlines.[3][4]

DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: Alabama Code § 17-15-1


About the legislature

The Alabama State Legislature is a bicameral body composed of the Alabama House of Representatives, with 105 members, and the Alabama State Senate, with 35 members. The boxes below show the partisan composition of both chambers directly before and after the November 2018 general election. For the most up-to-date numbers on partisan composition in this legislature, see here (Senate) and here (House).

Alabama State Senate
Party As of November 6, 2018 After November 7, 2018
     Democratic Party 8 8
     Republican Party 26 27
     Independent 1 0
Total 35 35
Alabama House of Representatives
Party As of November 6, 2018 After November 7, 2018
     Democratic Party 32 28
     Republican Party 72 77
     Vacancy 1 0
Total 105 105

Special elections

Click [show] to the right of the district name for more information:

November 5, 2019

November 12, 2019

Special elections throughout the country

See also: State legislative special elections, 2019

In 2019, 77 state legislative special elections were held in 24 states. Between 2011 and 2018, an average of 77 special elections took place each year.

Breakdown of 2019 special elections

In 2019, special elections for state legislative positions were held for the following reasons:

  • 47 due to appointment, election, or the seeking of election to another position
  • 21 due to a retirement
  • 6 due to the death of the incumbent
  • 1 due to a resignation related to criminal charges
  • 2 due to an election being rerun

Impact of special elections on partisan composition

The partisan breakdown for the special elections was as follows:

The table below details how many seats changed parties as the result of a special election in 2019. The number on the left reflects how many vacant seats were originally held by each party, while the number on the right shows how many vacant seats each party won in the special elections. In elections between 2011 and 2018, either the Democratic Party or Republican Party saw an average net gain of four seats across the country. Between 2017 and 2018, Democrats had a net gain of 19 seats.

Note: This table reflects information for elections that were held and not the total number of vacant seats.

Partisan Change from Special Elections (2019)
Party As of Special Election After Special Election
     Democratic Party 39 36
     Republican Party 38 40
     Independent 0 1
Total 77 77

Flipped seats

In 2019, eight seats flipped as a result of state legislative special elections.

Seats flipped from D to R

Seats flipped from R to D

Seats flipped from R to I

State profile

See also: Alabama and Alabama elections, 2019
USA Alabama location map.svg

Partisan data

The information in this section was current as of May 7, 2019

Presidential voting pattern

  • Alabama voted Republican in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

Congressional delegation

Alabama executives

Alabama legislature

Alabama Party Control: 1992-2025
Six years of Democratic trifectas  •  Fifteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Governor R D D R R R R D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
House D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Alabama quick stats
More Alabama coverage on Ballotpedia:


Demographic data for Alabama
 AlabamaU.S.
Total population:4,853,875316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):50,6453,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:68.8%73.6%
Black/African American:26.4%12.6%
Asian:1.2%5.1%
Native American:0.5%0.8%
Pacific Islander:0.1%0.2%
Two or more:1.7%3%
Hispanic/Latino:4%17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:84.3%86.7%
College graduation rate:23.5%29.8%
Income
Median household income:$43,623$53,889
Persons below poverty level:23.3%11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Alabama.
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Ballotpedia, "Alabama Amendment 4, Legislative Vacancies Amendment (2018)," accessed March 28, 2025
  2. ↑ Justia US Law, "2023 Code of Alabama Title 17 - Elections. Chapter 15 - Special Elections. Section 17-15-1 - When and for What Offices Held." accessed February 26, 2025
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Justia US Law, "2023 Code of Alabama Title 17 - Elections. Chapter 15 - Special Elections. Section 17-15-3 - Special Elections Ordered by Governor." accessed February 26, 2025
  4. ↑ Alabama Legislature, "Constitution of Alabama 2022," accessed February 26, 2025
  5. ↑ AL.com, "Gov. Kay Ivey sets special election to fill Jimmy Martin’s House seat," June 11, 2019
  6. ↑ Montgomery Advertiser, "Veteran state lawmaker Jimmy Martin dies," May 31, 2019
  7. ↑ Montgomery Adviser, "Ivey calls special election for Montgomery House seat," April 1, 2019
  8. ↑ Montgomery Adviser, "Dimitri Polizos, state representative and small business champion, dies," March 27, 2019
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