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Arizona's 1st Congressional District election, 2026
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| Arizona's 1st Congressional District |
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| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: April 6, 2026 |
| Primary: August 4, 2026 General: November 3, 2026 |
| How to vote |
| Poll times:
6 a.m. to 7 p.m. |
| Race ratings |
DDHQ and The Hill: Pending Inside Elections: Toss-up Sabato's Crystal Ball: Toss-up |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2026 |
| See also |
1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th • 9th Arizona elections, 2026 U.S. Congress elections, 2026 U.S. Senate elections, 2026 U.S. House elections, 2026 |
All U.S. House districts, including the 1st Congressional District of Arizona, are holding elections in 2026. The general election is November 3, 2026. The primary is August 4, 2026. The filing deadline is April 6, 2026. For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- Arizona's 1st Congressional District election, 2026 (August 4 Democratic primary)
- Arizona's 1st Congressional District election, 2026 (August 4 Republican primary)
Candidates and election results
Note: The following list includes official candidates only. Ballotpedia defines official candidates as people who:
- Register with a federal or state campaign finance agency before the candidate filing deadline
- Appear on candidate lists released by government election agencies
General election
The primary will occur on August 4, 2026. The general election will occur on November 3, 2026. Additional general election candidates will be added here following the primary.
General election for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Christopher Ajluni is running in the general election for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on November 3, 2026.
Candidate | ||
Christopher Ajluni (Independent) ![]() | ||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
The following candidates are running in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 4, 2026.
Candidate | ||
| Brian Del Vecchio | ||
Brandon Donnelly ![]() | ||
| Marlene Galán-Woods | ||
| Mark Robert Gordon | ||
Daniel Lucio ![]() | ||
Rick McCartney ![]() | ||
Angie Montoya ![]() | ||
David Redkey ![]() | ||
| Amish Shah | ||
Jonathan Treble ![]() | ||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
The following candidates are running in the Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 4, 2026.
Candidate | ||
| Joseph Chaplik | ||
| Jason Duey | ||
| Derrick Gallego | ||
| Kaitlin Purrington | ||
| Paul Reevs | ||
Brandon Sowers ![]() | ||
| Gina Swoboda | ||
| John Trobough | ||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- David Schweikert (R)
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Independent
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "I am a young American man of 36. I grew up in Iowa for the first 29 years of my life and have spent the last 7 here in Arizona. My heritage is very important to me as I am Palestinian, Lebanese and Syrian from Christian families. I believe in working hard and being a good person, as my mother and father instilled in me from a young age. My dad told me to develop a personal philosophy and I have and it has led me to run for congress because I believe it is urgent. Urgent for America and the world. I am forced to run because I do not feel represented by our federal government. I have been employed since the literal moment I became eligible in Iowa at 14 years old. I have also engaged in philanthropy throughout my life including organizing my own mission trip to Lebanon where I supplied 420 backpacks to Syrian refugees. I have also seen the "refugee" camps (permanent since 1948) in Lebanon where generations of Palestinians have been forgotten. I am an athlete, running cross country and playing tennis in college as well as other sports-football is my favorite. I have a BS in Cellular Biology."
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Arizona
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
| Collapse all
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Palestinian-Americans have seen a campaign of racist actions by the current administration and overseas we have seen a genocide occur. None of that would have happened without the incredible money that has been used to convince Americans that Zionism in Israel can do no wrong. The Palestinian Issue is the issue of my generation's time, and it illuminates the corruption that will be the downfall of our civilization if we do not immediately regain the value of our votes. This is not a new situation as the Occupation has been in place for 75 years. I believe for both Palestinians and Israelis the way forward is together and I will do everything in my power to make peace and not in name only. Equal human rights and partnership for both.
We can't wait. People are ready for change as seen in the NYC Mayoral race where Zohran, a 34-year old DSA member won in the face of big money and party politics, the same politics that stopped Bernie Sanders from becoming the Democratic nominee for President twice. I'm part of the movement to restore the middle class, make healthcare a human right with basic access for all Americans and to defeat corruption and tax evasion by the wealthiest entities in the country. I am so lucky and blessed to be a homeowner and live in a neighborhood with safety and happiness despite my own personal challenges, however, I see the pain my fellow Americans are facing daily. I have to use my position for good because conditions are getting worse.
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Christopher Ajluni (Independent)
Campaign finance
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brian Del Vecchio | Democratic Party | $15,333 | $15,333 | $0 | As of August 17, 2025 |
| Brandon Donnelly | Democratic Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Marlene Galán-Woods | Democratic Party | $808,553 | $331,544 | $477,009 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Mark Robert Gordon | Democratic Party | $183,038 | $92,759 | $90,278 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Daniel Lucio | Democratic Party | $2,095 | $1,005 | $1,091 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Rick McCartney | Democratic Party | $467,698 | $112,568 | $355,130 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Angie Montoya | Democratic Party | $1,852 | $1,852 | $0 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| David Redkey | Democratic Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Amish Shah | Democratic Party | $636,344 | $310,431 | $417,715 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Jonathan Treble | Democratic Party | $1,706,249 | $324,228 | $1,382,021 | As of September 30, 2025 |
| Joseph Chaplik | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Jason Duey | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Derrick Gallego | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Kaitlin Purrington | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Paul Reevs | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Brandon Sowers | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Gina Swoboda | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| John Trobough | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Christopher Ajluni | Independent | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2026. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[1]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[2][3][4]
| Race ratings: Arizona's 1st Congressional District election, 2026 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| 12/23/2025 | 12/16/2025 | 12/9/2025 | 12/2/2025 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | |||||
| Decision Desk HQ and The Hill | Pending | Pending | Pending | Pending | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Ballot access
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Arizona in the 2026 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Arizona, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2026 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Arizona | U.S. House | Democrat | 1/2 of 1% of the total qualified signers in the state as of January 2, 2026 | N/A | 4/6/2026 | Source |
| Arizona | U.S. House | Republican | 1/2 of 1% of the total qualified signers in the state as of January 2, 2026 | N/A | 4/6/2026 | Source |
| Arizona | U.S. House | Libertarian | 1/2 of 1% of the total qualified signers in the state as of January 2, 2026 | N/A | 4/6/2026 | Source |
| Arizona | U.S. House | Unaffiliated | 3% of the total registered voters who are not members of a political party that is qualified for representation as of January 2, 2026 | N/A | 4/6/2026 | Source |
District history
The section below details election results for this office in elections dating back to 2020.
General election
General election for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent David Schweikert (R) defeated Amish Shah (D) in the general election for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | David Schweikert (R) | 51.9 | 225,538 |
| | Amish Shah (D) | 48.1 | 208,966 | |
| Total votes: 434,504 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Bryce Beckstrom (Independent)
- Sarah Wharton (Independent)
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on July 30, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Amish Shah | 23.5 | 17,214 |
| | Andrei Cherny | 21.3 | 15,596 | |
| | Marlene Galán-Woods | 21.2 | 15,490 | |
| | Conor O'Callaghan ![]() | 18.5 | 13,539 | |
| | Andrew Horne ![]() | 12.3 | 8,991 | |
| | Kurt Kroemer ![]() | 3.2 | 2,356 | |
| Total votes: 73,186 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Robert Glasgow (D)
- Melissa Lamore (D)
- Cody Newman (D)
- John Williamson (D)
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent David Schweikert (R) defeated Kimberly George (R) and Robert Backie (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on July 30, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | David Schweikert | 62.7 | 62,811 |
| | Kimberly George ![]() | 27.5 | 27,587 | |
| | Robert Backie | 9.8 | 9,854 | |
| Total votes: 100,252 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Paul Burton (R)
- Reina Patocs (R)
Libertarian Party primary
Libertarian primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
No candidates for U.S. House Arizona District 1 appeared on the ballot for the Libertarian Party primary scheduled for July 30, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| Other/Write-in votes | 100.0% | 3 | ||
| Total votes: 3 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Michelle Martin (L)
General election
General election for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent David Schweikert (R) defeated Jevin Hodge (D) in the general election for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | David Schweikert (R) | 50.4 | 182,336 |
| | Jevin Hodge (D) ![]() | 49.6 | 179,141 | |
| Total votes: 361,477 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Jevin Hodge (D) defeated Adam Metzendorf (D) and Delina DiSanto (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 2, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Jevin Hodge ![]() | 61.9 | 46,144 |
| | Adam Metzendorf ![]() | 37.9 | 28,267 | |
| | Delina DiSanto (Write-in) | 0.2 | 175 | |
| Total votes: 74,586 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent David Schweikert (R) defeated Elijah Norton (R) and Josh Barnett (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 2, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | David Schweikert | 43.6 | 52,067 |
| | Elijah Norton ![]() | 33.0 | 39,435 | |
| | Josh Barnett | 23.4 | 27,999 | |
| Total votes: 119,501 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Steven Beaver (R)
- Katherine Gallant (R)
- Kelly Townsend (R)
General election
General election for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent Tom O'Halleran (D) defeated Tiffany Shedd (R) in the general election for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tom O'Halleran (D) | 51.6 | 188,469 |
| | Tiffany Shedd (R) | 48.4 | 176,709 | |
| Total votes: 365,178 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Incumbent Tom O'Halleran (D) defeated Eva Putzova (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 4, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tom O'Halleran | 58.6 | 47,083 |
| | Eva Putzova ![]() | 41.4 | 33,248 | |
| Total votes: 80,331 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Barbara McGuire (D)
- Larry Williams (D)
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1
Tiffany Shedd (R) defeated Nolan Reidhead (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Arizona District 1 on August 4, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tiffany Shedd | 54.7 | 40,310 |
| | Nolan Reidhead ![]() | 45.3 | 33,418 | |
| Total votes: 73,728 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- John W. Moore (R)
- Doyel Shamley (R)
- Juan Smith (R)
- Chris Taylor (R)
District analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.
- District map - A map of the district in place for the election.
- Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2026 U.S. House elections in the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
- State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
Below is the district map in place for this election. Click the map below to enlarge it.

Partisan Voter Index
Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is R+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Arizona's 1st the 214th most Republican district nationally.[5]
2020 presidential election results
The table below shows what the vote in the 2024 presidential election was in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by The Downballot.
| Kamala Harris |
Donald Trump |
|---|---|
| 48.0% | 51.0% |
Presidential voting history
- See also: Presidential election in Arizona, 2024
Arizona presidential election results (1900-2024)
- 9 Democratic wins
- 20 Republican wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | N/A | N/A | N/A | D | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | R | D | R |
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Arizona's congressional delegation as of October 2025.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Arizona | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Republican | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 2 | 9 | 11 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Arizona's top three state executive offices as of October 2025.
| Office | Officeholder |
|---|---|
| Governor | |
| Secretary of State | |
| Attorney General |
State legislature
Arizona State Senate
| Party | As of October 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 13 | |
| Republican Party | 17 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 30 | |
Arizona House of Representatives
| Party | As of October 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 27 | |
| Republican Party | 33 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 60 | |
Trifecta control
Arizona Party Control: 1992-2025
No Democratic trifectas • Twenty-two years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D |
| Senate | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | S | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)," accessed July 1, 2025
