Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2025

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	Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections; State legislative veto-proof majorities; State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes; State legislative margin of victory analysis; State legislative seats that changed party control; Minor-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory; Results of elected officials seeking other offices; Partisan balance of mayors of the 100 largest cities by population; Candidates with the same last names;
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Thousands of elections took place in 2025 across the United States, including primary and general elections at the state and local levels. These included two of 50 state governorships and two of 99 state legislatures.

This page presents Ballotpedia's research and curation on 2025 elections in the United States, including:

Coverage of state elections, including gubernatorial and state legislative races
Coverage of local elections, including mayoral and other municipal elections
Coverage of statewide ballot measures

The content on this page is organized by level of government (federal, state, local) and then by office type within those levels.

To review a previous year's version of this page, click one of these links: 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024.

State politics

State legislative elections

See also: State legislative elections, 2025

As of December 9th, 2025, Republicans controlled 55.32% of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held 43.47%. Republicans held a majority in 57 chambers, and Democrats held the majority in 39 chambers. Two chambers (Alaska House and Alaska Senate) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. One chamber (Minnesota House of Representatives) was split evenly between both parties.

Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats
Legislative chamber			Other	Vacant
State senates	827	1,120	6	20
State houses	2,384	2,966	21	42
Total:	3,211	4,086	27	62

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State executive elections

See also: State executive official elections, 2025

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State judicial elections

See also: State judicial elections, 2025

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Local elections

See also: United States municipal elections, 2025

This section will contain links to all local elections elections covered on Ballotpedia in 2025, including municipal elections, school board elections, local trial court judicial elections, and local ballot measure elections. More information will be added to this page as it becomes available.

Ballotpedia's coverage scope for municipal elections included elections on the ballot in the 100 largest U.S. cities by population, as well as elections for mayors, city council members, and district attorneys in each state capital.

In 2025, Ballotpedia is covering elections in the nation's largest school districts and providing coverage of all school board elections in 25 states. We expand our coverage each year with our eye on covering the country’s more than 80,000 school board seats. Ballotpedia also covers all school board recalls in the United States.

Throughout 2025, Ballotpedia provided comprehensive local election coverage in 26. Use the links below to navigate to pages for each of these states, which contain additional links to specific counties.

Arizona • Arkansas • California • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Iowa • Illinois • Indiana • Kentucky • Maine • Michigan • Minnesota • Montana • New Mexico • Nevada • North Carolina • Ohio • Oklahoma • Rhode Island • South Carolina • Texas • Washington • Wisconsin • Wyoming

Featured analysis

Partisanship in United States municipal elections (2025): Thirty-eight mayoral elections took place in the 100 largest U.S. cities by population and the 50 state capitals in 2025. Of the 38 cities with mayoral elections in 2025, 29 held nonpartisan elections, and nine held partisan elections.

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Ballot measures

See also: 2025 ballot measures

In 2025, 30 statewide ballot measures were on the ballot in nine states: California, Colorado, Louisiana, Maine, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. Voters approved 25 (83%) and rejected five (17%) ballot measures.

On November 4, voters in six states decided on 24 statewide ballot measures, approving 23 and rejecting one.

Earlier in 2025, voters in three states—Louisiana, Ohio, and Wisconsin—decided on six ballot measures. Two were approved, and four were defeated.

Featured analysis, 2025

Ballotpedia's Top 10 Ballot Measures to Watch, 2025: Ballotpedia's list of 10 ballot measure elections to watch on November 4, 2025.
Ballot measure readability scores, 2025: Ballotpedia's readability report analyzes what level of education voters would need to understand the ballot titles and summaries of statewide ballot measures using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). A readability score is an estimation of the reading difficulty of a text. Measurements used in calculating readability scores include the number of syllables, words, and sentences in a text. Other factors, such as the complexity of an idea in a text, are not reflected in readability scores.
Analysis of 2025 changes to laws governing ballot measures: This report analyzes legislation related to ballot initiatives, referendums, and recall processes in 2025 and for the period from 2018 to 2025.
Difficulty analysis of changes to laws governing ballot measures: This page provides information on the bills that made or would make the initiative, referendum, and recall processes more or less difficult.
Analysis of the 2025 local ballot measures in California: This page provides an analysis on the local ballot measures in California on the 2025 ballot.