California's 16th Congressional District election, 2018

Elections in California, 2018

• General election: Nov. 6
• Voter registration deadline: Oct. 22
• Early voting: Oct. 8 - Nov. 5
• Absentee voting deadline: Postmark Nov. 6

• Online registration: Yes
• Same-day registration: Yes
• Voter ID: No
• Poll times: 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.

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On the ballot: U.S. Senate • U.S. House • Governor • Lt. Gov • Attorney General • Secretary of State • State executive offices • State Senate • State Assembly • Special state legislative • Supreme court • Appellate courts • Local judges • State ballot measures • Local ballot measures • School boards • Municipal • Recalls • Primaries in California, 2018

2020 → ← 2016
California's 16th Congressional District
Top-two primary General election
Election details
Filing deadline: March 9, 2018
Primary: June 5, 2018 General: November 6, 2018 Pre-election incumbent: Jim Costa (Democrat)
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Voting in California
Race ratings
Cook Partisan Voter Index (2018): D+9 Cook Political Report: Likely Democratic Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Likely Democratic
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2018
See also
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Seven-term incumbent Rep. Jim Costa (D-Calif.) defeated former congressional staffer Elizabeth Heng (R) in the general election for California's 16th Congressional District on November 6, 2018.

Costa previously faced Heng in the June 5, 2018, top-two primary, receiving 53 percent of the vote to Heng's 47 percent.

Although the district supported the Democratic presidential nominee by 17 points or more between 2008 and 2016, Costa had faced a competitive general election challenge before. In 2014, he avoided losing his seat to Johnny Tacherra (R), winning by two percentage points, 51 percent to 49 percent.

All 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives were up for election in 2018. The Democratic Party gained a net total of 40 seats, winning control of the chamber. This race was identified as a 2018 battleground that might have affected partisan control of the U.S. House in the 116th Congress. Heading into the election, the Republican Party was in the majority holding 235 seats to Democrats' 193 seats, with seven vacant seats. Democrats needed to win 23 GOP-held seats in 2018 to win control of the House. From 1918 to 2016, the president’s party lost an average of 29 seats in midterm elections.

As of the 2010 redistricting cycle, California's 16th Congressional District was located in the central portion of the state and included Merced County, portions of Fresno County, and southern Madera County.

For more information about the top-two primary election, click here.

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 16

Incumbent Jim Costa defeated Elizabeth Heng in the general election for U.S. House California District 16 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jim Costa (D)	57.5	82,266
		Elizabeth Heng (R)	42.5	60,693

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 142,959
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 16

Incumbent Jim Costa and Elizabeth Heng advanced from the primary for U.S. House California District 16 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jim Costa (D)	53.0	39,527
✔		Elizabeth Heng (R)	47.0	35,080

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 74,607
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Candidate profiles

See also: Editorial approach to writing about key campaign messages

Jim Costa, U.S. representative

Party: Democratic

Incumbent: Yes

Political office: U.S. House of Representatives (assumed office: 2005), California State Senate (1995-2002), California State Assembly (1978-1994)

Biography: Costa was a third-generation family farmer in the San Joaquin Valley. He earned his B.A. in political science in 1974 from California State University, Fresno. He served in elected office, from the state legislature to the U.S. House of Representatives. He was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition and the Committee on Natural Resources.

Key messages

• Costa emphasized what he said were the results of his four decades of service in San Joaquin Valley: securing $290 million for water and $300 million for veterans. He said that the district "need[ed] leaders with the experience to find common sense solutions to the problems we face."

• Costa focused on Valley water issues, including proposing an alternative way of funding water storage by allowing locally owned water facilities regulated by the Army Corps of Engineers to use non-federal funds.

• Costa said that Heng missed votes in 10 elections and was missing in action in the Valley.

Elizabeth Heng, former congressional staffer

Party: Republican

Incumbent: No

Political office: None

Biography: Heng attended Stanford University, where she was elected student body president, and earned her MBA from the Yale University School of Management. Heng served as an inauguration director for President Donald Trump (R) in 2016 and worked for the House Foreign Affairs Committee with Rep. Ed Royce (R-Calif.).

Key messages

• Heng said her parents' escape from Cambodia during the Khmer Rouge regime and her academic accomplishments under adverse conditions showed that the district's homes and cities could also be improved under difficult conditions.

• Heng said her philosophy of governing was centered around the American Dream. She said she would sponsor legislation to reduce the national debt, oppose property tax increases, and advocate for infrastructure in the district to restore its agricultural business.

• Heng released opposition ads saying that Costa had failed the district for 40 years and was more aligned with House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi than his constituents.

Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls

California's 16th Congressional District, 2018: Costa vs. Heng
Poll	Poll sponsor	Costa	Heng	Undecided/Other	Margin of error	Sample size
SurveyUSA September 14-19, 2018	KFSN-TV	51%	40%	9%	+/-5.2	515
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.

Campaign finance

The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.

Name	Party	Receipts*	Disbursements**	Cash on hand	Date
Jim Costa	Democratic Party	$1,856,798	$2,363,583	$109,890	As of December 31, 2018
Elizabeth Heng	Republican Party	$1,298,559	$1,267,198	$31,361	As of December 31, 2018
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2018. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC). * According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." ** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election.

Satellite spending

Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.

This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.

Race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

• Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
• Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
• Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.
• Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.

Race ratings: California's 16th Congressional District election, 2018
Race tracker	Race ratings
	October 30, 2018	October 23, 2018	October 16, 2018	October 9, 2018
The Cook Political Report	Likely Democratic	Likely Democratic	Likely Democratic	Likely Democratic
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball	Likely Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic
Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every two weeks throughout the election season.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

The 2017 Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+9, meaning that in the previous two presidential elections, this district's results were 9 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 16th Congressional District the 124th most Democratic nationally.

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.00. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.00 points toward that party.

Noteworthy endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. It also includes a bulleted list of links to official lists of endorsements for any candidates who published that information on their campaign websites. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please click here.

Campaign advertisements

Jim Costa

Support

"Protect" - Costa campaign ad, released October 10, 2018

"Showing Up" - Costa campaign ad, released September 15, 2018

"Delivering" - Costa campaign ad, released September 15, 2018

Oppose

"Walk" - Heng opposition ad, released October 18, 2018

"How Long is Too Long?" - Heng opposition ad, released October 9, 2018

Elizabeth Heng

Support

"Elizabeth Heng Knows Immigration" - Heng campaign ad, released October 9, 2018

"Home" - Heng campaign ad, released October 2, 2018

"Our Future" - Heng campaign ad, released May 30, 2018

Oppose

"Support" - Costa opposition ad, released October 22, 2018

Campaign themes

These were the policy positions listed on the top candidates' websites, if available.

Jim Costa

“	Valley Water Led the charge to ensure that the 340,000 acre-feet of 2013 carryover water was able to be used for its intended purpose of irrigated agriculture during the 2014 drought. Urged Governor Brown to declare a drought emergency in the state and to take actions to conserve the water available to the state for human use. On January 17, 2014, Governor Brown declared a statewide drought emergency, calling for actions to reduce the state’s water use, activating California’s Emergency Response plan and freeing up drought relief funding for many of the counties across the Valley. The actions and flexibility provided by state and federal agencies this year resulted in approximately 200,000 acre-feet of water being pumped that would have been lost under standard regulatory practices. Brought President Obama and Governor Brown to the Valley, where the President announced that the federal government would be providing the following disaster assistance to California: $100 million in livestock disaster assistance for California producers; $15 million in targeted conservation assistance for the most extreme and exceptional drought areas; $5 million in targeted Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) Program assistance to the most drought impacted areas of California to protect vulnerable soils; $60 million to California food banks to help families that may be economically impacted by the drought; 600 summer meal sites to be established in California’s drought stricken areas; $3 million in Emergency Water Assistance Grants for rural communities experiencing water shortages. This assistance is in addition to the USDA announcement of $20 million in Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) Funds for agricultural conservation in California and $15 million in Conservation Innovation Grants. Authored legislation to create the Kern County Water Bank-America's largest water bank. Obtained $18.7 million for Delta Mendota Canal-California Aqueduct Intertie, producing 35,000 acre-feet of water annually. Brought over $25 million to local water districts for projects increasing water quality, supply and water crisis relief for families and farms, including the following: Westlands Water District, Byron Bethany Irrigation District, Del Puerto Water District, Firebaugh Canal Water District, Fresno Slough Water District, Central California Irrigation District, Semitropic Water Storage District, Grassland Water District, and San Luis Water District. Instrumental in bringing over 200,000 acre-feet of transferred water to combat the 2009 crisis. $2.5 million for Improved Water Supply Reliability Grants. $1 million to Improve and Maintain Jones Pumping Plant Systems. Helped bring increased water allocation to south of Delta agriculture in 2010, totaling up to 198,000 acre feet of water not previously available to farmers at contracted rates. $1.5 million for Water Conservation and Delivery at Madera Water Bank. Increased Kaweah Reservoir's capacity by 48,000 acre feet, improving water storage and flood protection. Agriculture As a member of the House Committee on Agriculture, and 2014 Farm Bill Conference Committee secured more than $1 billion for specialty crops in the 2014 Farm Bill Obtained more than half a billion dollars for plant pest and disease prevention for the eradication of European Grapevine Moth, Light Brown Apple Moth and other invasive species Secured millions through the EQIP program to help Valley farmers improve efficiencies in conservation Included language in the 2014 Farm Bill that would allow California the opportunity to enter the Federal Milk Marketing Order. Costa has long advocated giving producers the chance to petition the U.S. Agriculture Secretary for entrance into the Federal Order Fought to end $6 billion in taxpayer subsidies for the corn ethanol industry Improved Williamson Act & Inheritance Tax for farm families bringing millions in tax cuts Supported free trade agreements with South Korea, Colombia and Panama to help create new markets for California agricultural products Housing Crisis Fought federal regulators to bring mortgage relief to Valley homeowners Helped hundreds of Valley residents avoid foreclosure Fighting to pass his Responsible Homeowner Refinancing Act, which will help millions of homeowners refinance their mortgage and take advantage of today’s low interest rates Secured millions to end homelessness in the Valley Transportation Led efforts to bring hundreds of millions for Highway 99 improvements Secured $5 million to rehabilitate the Fresno Yosemite Int'l airport taxiway Delivered millions for upgrades to highways 180, 198, and 41 and local transit Saved the air traffic control tower at Castle Air Force Base Secured $16 million in funding for downtown revitalization efforts at the Fulton Mall Clean Air & Water Created San Joaquin Valley Air District to clean our air Forced SF Bay Area to stop sending air pollution to the Valley Secured $30 million for zero emission power plants to clean our air Directed $6 million for diesel retrofits on school buses and agricultural equipment Brought $23 million to farmers to retire old, inefficient engines Established San Joaquin River Conservancy Provided millions for wildlife refuges Law & Order Stiffened the sentence for meth trafficking Co-founded the first Congressional Victims' Rights caucus Delivered funding to local law enforcement for gang and drug-bust programs Delivered hundreds of thousands in funding to hire police officers in Atwater, Dos Palos, Gustine, and Madera Secured $142 million for completion of the Mendota federal prison Co-wrote three strikes law Secured $3.1 million to fight internet crimes against children Education Authored class-size reduction in public schools Funded $783,000 for Valley Colleges & Universities $46.6 million expanding broadband Internet access in the Valley Secured nearly $17.3 million for local Head Start programs Initiated the California Water Institute at CSU, Fresno Veterans Delivered $92 Million for Fresno Veterans Home Fighting to end the immoral VA benefit claims and appeals backlog Secured funding to end the epidemic of homeless veterans Supported restoring our soldiers' full, 4-year college GI Bill benefit Provided $5.92 million to improve Fresno Veterans Hospital Eliminated copayments for catastrophically disabled veterans Implemented family-leave benefits for families of wounded warriors Authored legislation honoring Hmong Veterans Health Care Expanded access to quality and affordable healthcare coverage for millions of Californians Ended harmful insurance company practices like denying coverage for pre-existing conditions and dropping you from coverage if you get sick Strengthened Medicare by closing the “donut hole,” providing free preventive care for seniors, and extending the solvency of the Medicare Trust Fund Fought against efforts to end Medicare as we know it by turning it into a voucher program Working with Republicans and Democrats to ensure the new health care law works for every Valley resident Fighting to establish a UC Merced Medical School Brought hundreds of thousands of dollars to train medical professionals here in the Valley Brought $167 million for rural healthcare clinics Helped start the Regional Burn and Trauma Centers	”
—Costa for Congress

Elizabeth Heng

“	Elizabeth’s philosophy of governing is centered around the American Dream. She believes that we need to provide people with the opportunities and ability to achieve success through hard work and determination. Her brother posted to Facebook on January 20, 2017, '33 years ago my parents [as refugees] came to the United States with nothing but determination. Today we are standing on the same platform with the President. #Progress.' Nowhere else in this world would that statement have been possible. Elizabeth has dedicated her life to public service and wants to continue to protect the fundamental core values of this country. No one in Washington is talking about what we want our country to look like 10 years from now—how do we want to solve these problems? There’s only finger pointing and hostile rhetoric coming from the 24 hour news cycle from our current politicians. She is sick of the noise and lack of solutions. Elizabeth will lead on the future vision for our country and work towards common sense solutions that empower people’s day to day lives, so we can give every American their best shot at accomplishing their dream. Accountability for Members of Congress Members of Congress are elected to represent their district and are tasked with passing bills into law. Elizabeth believes that Members of Congress, regardless of political affiliations, who have not passed a substantive bill into law in over 10 years should step down. Workplace Dignity Elizabeth believes that this discussion on harassment it long overdue for our country and the #MeToo movement has opened our eyes to an issue that has been swept under that rug for far too long. Elizabeth commends the women who have stepped forward and brought this topic to the national dialogue to hold sexual predators accountable. Elizabeth wants to turn this national discussion into productive actions. Although she is a proponent for those who have been willing to speak out publicly; due process needs to happen in the courts and the deciding factor of the accused should not be determined solely by public opinion. It is important to protect the rights of both the accuser and accused. Tech & Innovation Elizabeth recognizes that the Internet of Things will fundamentally change how America does business and Congress needs to support tech innovation. Elizabeth believes that it is important to build a strong pipeline for the younger generation to explore STEM and computer science to keep up with the global economy. Elizabeth would like to see blockchain integrated into government agencies to enhance operational efficiency. Water & Agriculture Elizabeth will support legislation to improve water infrastructure and storage that will restore our Central Valley. Elizabeth will support legislation protecting private property rights. Elizabeth will work to eliminate Federal and State overreach opposing laws that stifles opportunity for our Agriculture industry. Diversity & Freedom Elizabeth believes that diversity in political thought is critical to having an open and free society. She will champion the cause of restoring our campuses to constructive dialogue free from repression and violence. Elizabeth believes generational diversity is key to less gridlock on Capitol Hill. A voice for future generations is needed now more than ever. When elected, Elizabeth will be the ONLY Asian American Republican representative in Congress. Education & Opportunity Elizabeth will work towards increasing the graduation rate. Elizabeth will be a strong advocate for education reform through innovation, transparency and accountability. Elizabeth will fight to see that Federal spending is allocated appropriately, and that money makes its way into the classroom so that teachers have the resources they need to teach. Elizabeth will build bridges between ideological opponents with a focus on quality education. Elizabeth will work to identify opportunities to strengthen schools and classroom resources to prepare students for the jobs of the future. Fiscal Responsibility & the Economy Elizabeth will fight for responsible budgets that deliver economic growth as opposed to picking winners and losers. Elizabeth will lead the fight against increased taxes and stop waste fraud and abuse. Elizabeth will sponsor legislation to reduce the national debt. Elizabeth will stand up for Proposition 13 and work to protect homeowners by opposing Property Tax increases. Elizabeth will create a savings and investment 101 for young people to prepare for their future. Business and Jobs Elizabeth believes that small business is the catalyst for economic growth and jobs for our valley. She will work tirelessly to identify regulations holding back business opportunity while supporting laws that reduce red tape. Elizabeth will work with local communities and small business to create opportunities for innovation and next generation jobs. Elizabeth will fight for infrastructure that restores our valley’s agriculture business. Immigration Reform Elizabeth supports common sense immigration reform. She believes that our immigration system is broken. She will work to protect our border and enhance security measures to prevent criminals and terrorists from entering our country while encouraging legal immigration. Elizabeth believes that no one should be a second-class citizen and that a strong effort to prioritize the value of citizenship should be central for anyone who wants to become a citizen. Immigration should be done legally through a reformed and more accessible process. Elizabeth opposes so called ‘sanctuary cities’ because they undermine rule of law. Such a policy creates a dangerous environment where serious criminals remain beyond the reach of justice. Healthcare Elizabeth will fight to make healthcare more affordable while protecting patient choice. Elizabeth will hold bureaucrats accountable for responsibly executing government health programs. Elizabeth will lead the charge for a wellness-based approach to healthcare while resisting any ‘single payer’ state monopoly. Energy & Sustainability Elizabeth will support an 'all of the above' energy plan that leverages technology and innovation. Elizabeth will introduce legislation to support renewable and alternative energy alongside traditional sources. Elizabeth will work towards clean air, clean water and reducing waste. National Security Elizabeth will work to make sure that America’s armed services are always provided the tools needed to secure our freedom. Elizabeth will identify areas to promote our armed service personnel and work to provide opportunities for young people seeking a military career path. Elizabeth will support legislation that makes our country safe and expands the pathway of freedom to people around the globe. School Safety Elizabeth stands behind the 2nd amendment believing that the right to keep and bear arms is an inalienable right which that law-abiding citizens must maintain to defend themselves. Elizabeth understands that in light of recent events in both Las Vegas and Parkland, Florida, school safety needs to be looked at from a holistic approach by evaluating areas such as mental health, the law enforcement response, and legislation such as bump stock. Elizabeth is committed to making sure that our communities are safe. She will work with local law enforcement to make certain that guns remain out of the hands of criminals, the mentally ill, and anyone who is dangerous to themselves or others. Seniors & Retirement Elizabeth will work to find ways to increase cost savings in healthcare and essential services for senior citizens. Elizabeth will honor the promises made to previous generations and work to protect social security while ensuring its solvency. Elizabeth will support legislation that strengthens emerging threats to our senior citizens and protect them from fraud and crime. Veterans Elizabeth will always honor our veterans. She will support efforts to reform and improve the veterans Administration. Elizabeth will hold Federal agencies accountable for waste and abuse of resources devoted to our veterans. Elizabeth will speak out actively and recognize the efforts of our veterans by providing opportunities for our heroes to be appropriately regarded for their service.	”
—Elizabeth Heng for Congress

Noteworthy events

Facebook rejection of Heng campaign advertisement

On August 3, 2018, Facebook rejected one of Elizabeth Heng's campaign ads that featured video content about how the Cambodian genocide affected her family. Facebook said the ad did not follow the company's advertisement guidelines. The rejection notice also said, "We don't allow ads that contain shocking, disrespectful or sensational content, including ads that depict violence or threats of violence. Facebook did not note what specific content of the ad violated guidelines.

Heng said, "It is unbelievable that Facebook could have such blatant disregard for the history that so many people, including my own parents, have lived through. I’m sure it is shocking for some people to hear about this kind of injustice, but this is reality."

After five days, Facebook reversed its decision and restored the video, finding that the ad's content used historical imagery in a biographical context.

Watch the ad below:

"Elizabeth Heng for Congress" - Heng campaign ad, released May 30, 2018

Social media

Twitter accounts

Tweets by RepJimCosta Tweets by Elizabeth Heng

Facebook accounts

Click the icons below to visit the candidates' Facebook pages.

Jim Costa

Elizabeth Heng

Republican district won by Hillary Clinton

See also: U.S. House districts represented by a Republican and won by Hillary Clinton in 2016 and Split-ticket districts in the 2016 presidential and U.S. House elections

This district was one of 25 Republican-held U.S. House districts that Hillary Clinton (D) won in the 2016 presidential election. Nearly all were expected to be among the House's most competitive elections in 2018.

Click on the table below to see the full list of districts.

2018 election results in Republican-held U.S. House districts won by Hillary Clinton in 2016
District	Incumbent	2018 winner	2018 margin	2016 presidential margin	2012 presidential margin
Arizona's 2nd	Martha McSally	Ann Kirkpatrick	D+9.5	Clinton+4.9	Romney+1.5
California's 10th	Jeff Denham	Josh Harder	D+2.6	Clinton+3.0	Obama+3.6
California's 21st	David Valadao	TJ Cox	D+0.8	Clinton+15.5	Obama+11.1
California's 25th	Steve Knight	Katie Hill	D+6.4	Clinton+6.7	Romney+1.9
California's 39th	Ed Royce	Gil Cisneros	D+1.4	Clinton+8.6	Romney+3.7
California's 45th	Mimi Walters	Katie Porter	D+1.6	Clinton+5.4	Romney+11.8
California's 48th	Dana Rohrabacher	Harley Rouda	D+5.8	Clinton+1.7	Romney+11.7
California's 49th	Darrell Issa	Mike Levin	D+7.4	Clinton+7.5	Romney+6.7
Colorado's 6th	Mike Coffman	Jason Crow	D+11.2	Clinton+8.9	Obama+5.1
Florida's 26th	Carlos Curbelo	Debbie Mucarsel-Powell	D+1.8	Clinton+16.1	Obama+11.5
Florida's 27th	Ileana Ros-Lehtinen	Donna Shalala	D+6.0	Clinton+19.7	Obama+6.7
Illinois' 6th	Peter Roskam	Sean Casten	D+5.6	Clinton+7.0	Romney+8.2
Kansas' 3rd	Kevin Yoder	Sharice Davids	D+9.1	Clinton+1.2	Romney+9.5
Minnesota's 3rd	Erik Paulsen	Dean Phillips	D+11.4	Clinton+9.4	Obama+0.8
New Jersey's 7th	Leonard Lance	Tom Malinowski	D+4.7	Clinton+1.1	Romney+6.2
New York's 24th	John Katko	John Katko	R+6.3	Clinton+3.6	Obama+15.9
Pennsylvania's 1st	Brian Fitzpatrick	Brian Fitzpatrick	R+2.6	Clinton+2.0	Obama+2.6
Pennsylvania's 5th	Pat Meehan	Mary Gay Scanlon	D+30.2	Clinton+28.2	Obama+27.7
Pennsylvania's 6th	Ryan Costello	Chrissy Houlahan	D+17.6	Clinton+9.3	Obama+3.2
Pennsylvania's 7th	Charlie Dent	Susan Wild	D+11.3	Clinton+1.1	Obama+7.0
Texas' 7th	John Culberson	Lizzie Pannill Fletcher	D+5.0	Clinton+1.4	Romney+21.3
Texas' 23rd	Will Hurd	Will Hurd	R+0.5	Clinton+3.4	Romney+2.6
Texas' 32nd	Pete Sessions	Colin Allred	D+6.3	Clinton+1.9	Romney+15.5
Virginia's 10th	Barbara Comstock	Jennifer Wexton	D+12.4	Clinton+10.0	Romney+1.6
Washington's 8th	David Reichert	Kim Schrier	D+6.2	Clinton+3.0	Obama+1.6

Click here to see the 13 Democratic-held U.S. House districts that Donald Trump (R) won.

Click here to see an overview of all split-ticket districts in the 2016 presidential and U.S. House elections..

Pivot Counties

See also: Pivot Counties by state

There are no Pivot Counties in California. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.

In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton (D) won California with 61.7 percent of the vote. Donald Trump (R) received 31.6 percent. In presidential elections between 1900 and 2016, California voted Republican 53.33 percent of the time and Democratic 43.33 percent of the time. In the five presidential elections between 2000 and 2016, California voted Democratic all five times. In 2016, California had 55 electoral votes, which was the most of any state. The 55 electoral votes were 10.2 percent of all 538 available electoral votes and were 20.4 percent of the 270 electoral votes needed to win the election.

Presidential results by legislative district

The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state Assembly districts in California. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns describe the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns describe the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.

In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 58 out of 80 state Assembly districts in California with an average margin of victory of 38.4 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 66 out of 80 state Assembly districts in California with an average margin of victory of 40.3 points. Clinton won 11 districts controlled by Republicans heading into the 2018 elections.

In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 22 out of 80 state Assembly districts in California with an average margin of victory of 12.2 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 14 out of 80 state Assembly districts in California with an average margin of victory of 13 points.

2016 Presidential Results by State Assembly District
District	Obama	Romney	2012 Margin	Clinton	Trump	2016 Margin	Party Control
1	39.63%	57.31%	R+17.7	36.09%	56.75%	R+20.7	R
2	64.68%	30.51%	D+34.2	62.20%	28.98%	D+33.2	D
3	42.41%	54.46%	R+12.1	39.47%	53.31%	R+13.8	R
4	63.16%	33.86%	D+29.3	63.03%	29.95%	D+33.1	D
5	41.27%	55.92%	R+14.7	38.51%	54.85%	R+16.3	R
6	38.59%	59.09%	R+20.5	41.17%	52.02%	R+10.9	R
7	67.59%	29.61%	D+38	67.63%	25.69%	D+41.9	D
8	51.72%	45.62%	D+6.1	51.77%	41.03%	D+10.7	D
9	60.56%	37.52%	D+23	61.47%	32.89%	D+28.6	D
10	73.76%	23.28%	D+50.5	75.65%	17.96%	D+57.7	D
11	60.96%	36.87%	D+24.1	58.86%	35.17%	D+23.7	D
12	45.19%	52.50%	R+7.3	43.11%	51.05%	R+7.9	R
13	64.23%	33.88%	D+30.4	62.97%	31.79%	D+31.2	D
14	68.80%	28.72%	D+40.1	69.55%	24.47%	D+45.1	D
15	86.82%	9.56%	D+77.3	87.39%	7.04%	D+80.4	D
16	57.74%	40.10%	D+17.6	64.47%	29.23%	D+35.2	R
17	87.07%	9.36%	D+77.7	88.12%	6.95%	D+81.2	D
18	86.89%	10.23%	D+76.7	85.89%	8.44%	D+77.5	D
19	78.94%	18.38%	D+60.6	81.63%	13.34%	D+68.3	D
20	75.74%	22.15%	D+53.6	75.52%	19.12%	D+56.4	D
21	55.61%	42.03%	D+13.6	54.63%	39.46%	D+15.2	D
22	71.43%	26.31%	D+45.1	75.16%	19.75%	D+55.4	D
23	43.46%	54.71%	R+11.2	43.95%	50.78%	R+6.8	R
24	72.16%	24.96%	D+47.2	78.19%	15.93%	D+62.3	D
25	72.40%	25.26%	D+47.1	73.61%	20.90%	D+52.7	D
26	41.15%	56.68%	R+15.5	41.54%	52.93%	R+11.4	R
27	76.36%	21.54%	D+54.8	77.76%	17.29%	D+60.5	D
28	66.64%	30.77%	D+35.9	70.63%	23.08%	D+47.6	D
29	69.95%	26.66%	D+43.3	70.00%	22.96%	D+47	D
30	66.99%	30.86%	D+36.1	66.70%	27.32%	D+39.4	D
31	61.98%	36.21%	D+25.8	62.13%	32.93%	D+29.2	D
32	56.20%	41.81%	D+14.4	56.50%	37.98%	D+18.5	D
33	41.80%	55.51%	R+13.7	40.02%	54.61%	R+14.6	R
34	33.96%	63.85%	R+29.9	34.07%	60.21%	R+26.1	R
35	47.82%	49.42%	R+1.6	49.57%	43.43%	D+6.1	R
36	48.79%	48.48%	D+0.3	49.94%	43.86%	D+6.1	R
37	60.97%	36.28%	D+24.7	64.27%	29.21%	D+35.1	D
38	46.73%	50.84%	R+4.1	49.64%	44.39%	D+5.2	R
39	73.75%	23.67%	D+50.1	74.64%	19.80%	D+54.8	D
40	53.14%	44.72%	D+8.4	54.08%	40.01%	D+14.1	R
41	59.74%	37.72%	D+22	62.82%	31.27%	D+31.5	D
42	44.98%	52.93%	R+7.9	45.61%	49.70%	R+4.1	R
43	67.35%	29.62%	D+37.7	68.94%	25.45%	D+43.5	D
44	52.37%	45.51%	D+6.9	57.12%	36.99%	D+20.1	D
45	63.46%	34.12%	D+29.3	67.36%	27.39%	D+40	D
46	73.73%	23.65%	D+50.1	76.20%	18.48%	D+57.7	D
47	71.49%	26.54%	D+44.9	70.10%	24.80%	D+45.3	D
48	64.08%	33.44%	D+30.6	65.60%	28.50%	D+37.1	D
49	64.69%	33.26%	D+31.4	67.57%	27.17%	D+40.4	D
50	70.79%	26.51%	D+44.3	76.72%	18.33%	D+58.4	D
51	83.48%	13.50%	D+70	84.05%	10.19%	D+73.9	D
52	65.01%	32.92%	D+32.1	65.78%	28.71%	D+37.1	D
53	84.64%	12.59%	D+72	84.83%	9.63%	D+75.2	D
54	83.62%	13.88%	D+69.7	85.15%	10.12%	D+75	D
55	45.77%	52.23%	R+6.5	49.92%	44.61%	D+5.3	R
56	62.14%	36.26%	D+25.9	64.21%	31.24%	D+33	D
57	63.71%	34.01%	D+29.7	65.92%	28.39%	D+37.5	D
58	70.24%	27.80%	D+42.4	72.54%	22.26%	D+50.3	D
59	93.24%	5.19%	D+88	90.70%	5.09%	D+85.6	D
60	51.32%	46.31%	D+5	52.48%	41.97%	D+10.5	D
61	63.43%	34.55%	D+28.9	62.47%	31.62%	D+30.9	D
62	80.81%	17.00%	D+63.8	82.05%	13.06%	D+69	D
63	76.06%	21.73%	D+54.3	77.35%	17.38%	D+60	D
64	88.74%	9.98%	D+78.8	86.21%	9.61%	D+76.6	D
65	51.90%	45.68%	D+6.2	56.73%	37.28%	D+19.4	D
66	54.18%	43.24%	D+10.9	59.97%	33.60%	D+26.4	D
67	39.61%	58.33%	R+18.7	38.89%	55.94%	R+17.1	R
68	42.55%	55.12%	R+12.6	49.42%	44.58%	D+4.8	R
69	67.37%	30.30%	D+37.1	71.94%	22.33%	D+49.6	D
70	67.38%	29.93%	D+37.5	68.13%	25.09%	D+43	D
71	38.47%	59.51%	R+21	38.19%	56.26%	R+18.1	R
72	46.71%	51.06%	R+4.4	51.40%	43.13%	D+8.3	R
73	38.68%	59.36%	R+20.7	43.89%	50.38%	R+6.5	R
74	45.14%	52.42%	R+7.3	50.71%	43.29%	D+7.4	R
75	39.42%	58.50%	R+19.1	43.22%	50.68%	R+7.5	R
76	48.76%	49.04%	R+0.3	53.11%	40.38%	D+12.7	R
77	48.25%	49.83%	R+1.6	55.16%	38.94%	D+16.2	R
78	63.15%	34.08%	D+29.1	67.48%	25.85%	D+41.6	D
79	61.21%	36.91%	D+24.3	64.24%	30.04%	D+34.2	D
80	69.47%	28.67%	D+40.8	73.15%	21.34%	D+51.8	D
Total	60.35%	37.19%	D+23.2	62.25%	31.89%	D+30.4	-
Source: Daily Kos

District history

2016

See also: California's 16th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Jim Costa (D) defeated Johnny Tacherra (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Costa and Tacherra defeated David Rogers (R) in the top-two primary on June 7, 2016.

U.S. House, California District 16 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Jim Costa Incumbent	58%	97,473
	Republican	Johnny Tacherra	42%	70,483
Total Votes				167,956
Source: California Secretary of State

U.S. House, California District 16 Primary, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Jim Costa Incumbent	55.9%	52,822
	Republican	Johnny Tacherra	32.8%	31,028
	Republican	David Rogers	11.2%	10,606
Total Votes				94,456
Source: California Secretary of State

2014

See also: California's 16th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 16th Congressional District of California held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Jim Costa (D) narrowly defeated Johnny Tacherra (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, California District 16 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Jim Costa Incumbent	50.7%	46,277
	Republican	Johnny Tacherra	49.3%	44,943
Total Votes				91,220
Source: California Secretary of State

State overview

Partisan control

This section details the partisan control of federal and state positions in California heading into the 2018 elections.

Congressional delegation

• Following the 2016 elections, Democrats held both U.S. Senate seats in California.
• Democrats held 39 of 53 U.S. House seats in California.

State executives

• As of May 2018, Democrats held seven of 10 state executive positions and the remaining three positions were officially nonpartisan.
• The governor of California was Democrat Jerry Brown.

State legislature

• Democrats controlled both chambers of the California State Legislature. They had a 55-25 majority in the state Assembly and a 27-13 majority in the state Senate.

Trifecta status

• California was a state government trifecta, meaning that Democrats held the governorship and majorities in the state house and state senate.

2018 elections

See also: California elections, 2018

California held elections for the following positions in 2018:

• 1 Senate seat
• 53 U.S. House seats
• Governor
• Seven other state executive positions
• 20 of 40 state Senate seats
• 80 state Assembly seats
• Two state Supreme Court justices
• 35 state Court of Appeals judges
• Local trial court judges
• School board members

Demographics

Demographic data for California
	California	U.S.
Total population:	38,993,940	316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):	155,779	3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:	61.8%	73.6%
Black/African American:	5.9%	12.6%
Asian:	13.7%	5.1%
Native American:	0.7%	0.8%
Pacific Islander:	0.4%	0.2%
Two or more:	4.5%	3%
Hispanic/Latino:	38.4%	17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:	81.8%	86.7%
College graduation rate:	31.4%	29.8%
Income
Median household income:	$61,818	$53,889
Persons below poverty level:	18.2%	11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in California. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

As of July 2016, California had a population of approximately 39,000,000 people, with its three largest cities being Los Angeles (pop. est. 4.0 million), San Diego (pop. est. 1.4 million), and San Jose (pop. est. 1 million).

State election history

This section provides an overview of federal and state elections in California from 2000 to 2016. All data comes from the California Secretary of State.

Historical elections

Presidential elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of the presidential election in California every year from 2000 to 2016.

Election results (President of the United States), California 2000-2016
Year	First-place candidate	First-place candidate votes (%)	Second-place candidate	Second-place candidate votes (%)	Margin of victory (%)
2016	Hillary Clinton	61.7%	Donald Trump	31.6%	30.1%
2012	Barack Obama	60.2%	Mitt Romney	37.1%	23.1%
2008	Barack Obama	61.1%	John McCain	37%	24.1%
2004	John Kerry	54.4%	George W. Bush	44.4%	10%
2000	Al Gore	53.5%	George W. Bush	41.7%	11.8%

U.S. Senate elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of U.S. Senate races in California from 2000 to 2016. Every state has two Senate seats, and each seat goes up for election every six years. The terms of the seats are staggered so that roughly one-third of the seats are up every two years.

Election results (U.S. Senator), California 2000-2016
Year	First-place candidate	First-place candidate votes (%)	Second-place candidate	Second-place candidate votes (%)	Margin of victory (%)
2016	Kamala Harris	61.6%	Loretta Sanchez	38.4%	23.2%
2012	Dianne Feinstein	62.5%	Elizabeth Emken	37.5%	25%
2010	Barbara Boxer	52.2%	Carly Fiorina	42.2%	10%
2006	Dianne Feinstein	59.5%	Richard Mountjoy	35.1%	24.4%
2004	Barbara Boxer	57.8%	Bill Jones	37.8%	20%
2000	Dianne Feinstein	55.9%	Tom Campbell	36.6%	19.3%

Gubernatorial elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of the four gubernatorial elections held between 2000 and 2016. Gubernatorial elections are held every four years in California.

Election results (Governor), California 2000-2016
Year	First-place candidate	First-place candidate votes (%)	Second-place candidate	Second-place candidate votes (%)	Margin of victory (%)
2014	Jerry Brown	60%	Neel Kashkari	40%	20%
2010	Jerry Brown	53.8%	Meg Whitman	40.9%	12.9%
2006	Arnold Schwarzenegger	55.9%	Phil Angelides	39.0%	16.9%
2002	Gray Davis	47.3%	Bill Simon	42.4%	4.9%

Congressional delegation, 2000-2016

This chart shows the number of Democrats and Republicans who were elected to represent California in the U.S. House from 2000 to 2016. Elections for U.S. House seats are held every two years.

Congressional delegation, California 2000-2016
Year	Democrats	Democrats (%)	Republicans	Republicans (%)	Balance of power
2016	39	73.5%	14	26.4%	D+25
2014	39	73.5%	14	26.4%	D+25
2012	38	71.7%	15	28.3%	D+23
2010	34	64.1%	19	35.8%	D+15
2008	34	64.1%	19	35.8%	D+15
2006	34	64.1%	19	35.8%	D+15
2004	33	62.3%	20	37.7%	D+13
2002	33	62.3%	20	37.7%	D+13
2000	32	61.5%	20	38.5%	D+12

Trifectas, 1992-2017

A state government trifecta occurs when one party controls both chambers of the state legislature and the governor's office.

California Party Control: 1992-2025
Twenty years with Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Governor	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
Senate	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
Assembly	D	D	D	S	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D

See also

• California's 16th Congressional District election (June 5, 2018 top-two primary)
• United States House of Representatives elections in California, 2018
• United States House of Representatives elections, 2018

Footnotes

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California's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Alex Padilla (D)

Adam Schiff (D)

Representatives

District 1

Doug LaMalfa (R)

District 2

Jared Huffman (D)

District 3

Kevin Kiley (R)

District 4

Mike Thompson (D)

District 5

Tom McClintock (R)

District 6

Ami Bera (D)

District 7

Doris Matsui (D)

District 8

John Garamendi (D)

District 9

Josh Harder (D)

District 10

Mark DeSaulnier (D)

District 11

Nancy Pelosi (D)

District 12

Lateefah Simon (D)

District 13

Adam Gray (D)

District 14

Eric Swalwell (D)

District 15

Kevin Mullin (D)

District 16

Sam Liccardo (D)

District 17

Ro Khanna (D)

District 18

Zoe Lofgren (D)

District 19

Jimmy Panetta (D)

District 20

Vince Fong (R)

District 21

Jim Costa (D)

District 22

David Valadao (R)

District 23

Jay Obernolte (R)

District 24

Salud Carbajal (D)

District 25

Raul Ruiz (D)

District 26

Julia Brownley (D)

District 27

George Whitesides (D)

District 28

Judy Chu (D)

District 29

Luz Rivas (D)

District 30

Laura Friedman (D)

District 31

Gil Cisneros (D)

District 32

Brad Sherman (D)

District 33

Pete Aguilar (D)

District 34

Jimmy Gomez (D)

District 35

Norma Torres (D)

District 36

Ted Lieu (D)

District 37

Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D)

District 38

Linda Sánchez (D)

District 39

Mark Takano (D)

District 40

Young Kim (R)

District 41

Ken Calvert (R)

District 42

Robert Garcia (D)

District 43

Maxine Waters (D)

District 44

Nanette Barragán (D)

District 45

Derek Tran (D)

District 46

Lou Correa (D)

District 47

Dave Min (D)

District 48

Darrell Issa (R)

District 49

Mike Levin (D)

District 50

Scott Peters (D)

District 51

Sara Jacobs (D)

District 52

Juan Vargas (D)

Democratic Party (45)

Republican Party (9)