California's 24th Congressional District election, 2022
All U.S. House districts, including the 24th Congressional District of California, held elections in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. The primary was scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was March 11, 2022.
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal defeated Brad Allen in the general election for U.S. House California District 24 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 60.6 | 159,019 |
![]() | Brad Allen (R) ![]() | 39.4 | 103,533 |
Total votes: 262,552 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Nonpartisan primary election
Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal and Brad Allen defeated Michele Weslander Quaid and Jeff Frankenfield in the primary for U.S. House California District 24 on June 7, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 60.0 | 111,199 |
✔ | ![]() | Brad Allen (R) ![]() | 31.0 | 57,532 |
![]() | Michele Weslander Quaid (Independent) ![]() | 7.5 | 13,880 | |
![]() | Jeff Frankenfield (Independent) ![]() | 1.5 | 2,732 |
Total votes: 185,343 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Gurpinder Singh Sagoo (R)
- Kenneth Young (Independent)
Voting information
- See also: Voting in California
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
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Brad Allen (R)
Inflation is at a 40-year high, with surging gas, food and housing costs. Supply chain issues have led to shortages in just about everything. We have gone from energy independent, to begging other countries to produce more oil. The growing federal bureaucracy and is punishing small businesses. Congress just keeps printing money as though it has no consequences, but it does. It is one of the major causes of inflation, and it has increased the national debt to over $30 trillion. I want to restore financial sanity and stop spending money we don’t have by just printing more. As a small business owner I understand we need to cut the regulatory burden on small businesses to allow them to flourish and reduce supply chain issues.
I will bring “real” life experience to Washington. The problem in Washington is not that we don’t have enough politicians, it's that we have too many. I have spent my life explaining complex topics like pediatric heart surgery to people in simple terms so they could understand the problem, and what was needed to fix it. With so many problems facing our country, this is approach is needed. So if you have finally “had enough” of Washington as usual, then vote for someone who brings life experience and a pragmatic problem-solving approach to Washington instead of a bureaucrat.

Brad Allen (R)
But having having worked as a doctor for 40years, I am particularly passionate about healthcare. And having worked at major universities in the United States and Canada, as well as Veteran’s hospitals, I understand how healthcare works, and how it can be improved. We need real people to fix our healthcare, not politicians.
As a medical researcher I understand research. I understand the data and science of COVID and how best to manage this disease. Democrats one-size-fits-all approach to Covid -19 has failed miserably. They stopped following the science ages ago. Their reliance on lockdowns inflicted enormous economic and societal costs while providing little to no health benefit, and imposing them on children caused severe damage, including mental and social anguish. I can’t just can’t let the politicians continue to mismanage Covid and healthcare.

Brad Allen (R)
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[1] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[2] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
---|---|---|
Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salud Carbajal | Democratic Party | $2,178,786 | $1,475,651 | $2,103,839 | As of December 31, 2022 |
Brad Allen | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Jeff Frankenfield | Independent | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Michele Weslander Quaid | Independent | $118,746 | $113,388 | $5,358 | As of December 31, 2022 |
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[3]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[4][5][6]
Race ratings: California's 24th Congressional District election, 2022 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
November 8, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | October 25, 2022 | October 18, 2022 | ||||||
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | |||||
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. |
Ballot access requirements
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in California in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in California, click here.
Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2022 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
California | U.S. House | All candidates | 40-60 | $1,740.00 | 3/11/2022 | Source |
District analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.
- District map - A map of the district before and after redistricting.
- Effect of redistricting - How districts in the state changed as a result of redistricting following the 2020 census.
- Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2022 U.S. House elections in the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
- State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
District map
Below was the map in use at the time of the election, enacted as part of the 2020 redistricting cycle, compared to the map in place before the election.
California District 24
until January 2, 2023
Click a district to compare boundaries.
California District 24
starting January 3, 2023
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Effect of redistricting
The table below details the results of the 2020 presidential election in each district at the time of the 2022 election and its political predecessor district.[7] This data was compiled by Daily Kos Elections.[8]
2020 presidential results by Congressional district, California | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
District | 2022 district | Political predecessor district | ||
Joe Biden ![]() |
Donald Trump ![]() |
Joe Biden ![]() |
Donald Trump ![]() | |
California's 1st | 39.2% | 58.3% | 41.1% | 56.4% |
California's 2nd | 73.5% | 24.0% | 73.6% | 23.9% |
California's 3rd | 47.9% | 49.7% | 46.2% | 51.6% |
California's 4th | 67.1% | 30.5% | 72.4% | 25.3% |
California's 5th | 42.7% | 55.0% | 43.9% | 53.7% |
California's 6th | 57.9% | 39.4% | 55.6% | 41.9% |
California's 7th | 67.4% | 30.3% | 70.3% | 27.2% |
California's 8th | 76.0% | 22.0% | 54.9% | 42.7% |
California's 9th | 55.2% | 42.6% | 50.3% | 47.4% |
California's 10th | 68.6% | 29.3% | 74.3% | 23.6% |
California's 11th | 86.3% | 11.7% | 86.1% | 11.9% |
California's 12th | 89.3% | 8.6% | 88.9% | 9.0% |
California's 13th | 54.3% | 43.4% | 57.9% | 39.9% |
California's 14th | 71.7% | 26.2% | 71.5% | 26.4% |
California's 15th | 77.7% | 20.4% | 77.7% | 20.5% |
California's 16th | 75.4% | 22.4% | 76.4% | 21.3% |
California's 17th | 72.7% | 25.3% | 72.5% | 25.5% |
California's 18th | 71.0% | 26.9% | 70.0% | 27.9% |
California's 19th | 68.7% | 29.1% | 72.7% | 25.0% |
California's 20th | 36.4% | 61.3% | 40.5% | 57.1% |
California's 21st | 59.1% | 38.8% | 58.8% | 38.9% |
California's 22nd | 55.3% | 42.3% | 54.4% | 43.5% |
California's 23rd | 43.9% | 53.7% | 43.6% | 54.0% |
California's 24th | 63.3% | 34.3% | 60.7% | 36.9% |
California's 25th | 56.7% | 41.4% | 55.9% | 42.3% |
California's 26th | 58.9% | 39.0% | 61.4% | 36.5% |
California's 27th | 55.1% | 42.7% | 54.0% | 43.9% |
California's 28th | 66.1% | 31.9% | 67.2% | 30.8% |
California's 29th | 74.5% | 23.2% | 74.1% | 23.7% |
California's 30th | 72.2% | 26.0% | 70.9% | 27.2% |
California's 31st | 64.5% | 33.4% | 65.2% | 32.8% |
California's 32nd | 69.5% | 28.7% | 68.7% | 29.4% |
California's 33rd | 61.5% | 36.2% | 58.8% | 38.9% |
California's 34th | 81.0% | 16.7% | 80.8% | 16.9% |
California's 35th | 62.7% | 35.1% | 65.1% | 32.6% |
California's 36th | 71.0% | 26.9% | 69.0% | 29.0% |
California's 37th | 85.7% | 12.4% | 84.3% | 13.8% |
California's 38th | 64.1% | 33.9% | 65.6% | 32.3% |
California's 39th | 62.0% | 35.8% | 61.7% | 36.1% |
California's 40th | 49.9% | 48.0% | 54.1% | 44.0% |
California's 41st | 48.6% | 49.7% | 45.3% | 52.7% |
California's 42nd | 71.7% | 25.9% | 77.1% | 20.6% |
California's 43rd | 80.8% | 17.0% | 76.9% | 20.9% |
California's 44th | 72.9% | 24.7% | 78.4% | 19.2% |
California's 45th | 52.1% | 46.0% | 49.7% | 48.2% |
California's 46th | 64.1% | 33.7% | 64.3% | 33.5% |
California's 47th | 54.5% | 43.4% | 54.6% | 43.3% |
California's 48th | 42.7% | 55.0% | 45.0% | 52.7% |
California's 49th | 54.6% | 43.2% | 55.2% | 42.5% |
California's 50th | 65.4% | 32.2% | 63.4% | 34.2% |
California's 51st | 62.5% | 35.2% | 67.0% | 30.9% |
California's 52nd | 67.4% | 30.5% | 66.9% | 30.9% |
Competitiveness
This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in California.
Post-filing deadline analysis
The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in California in 2022. Information below was calculated on April 7, 2022, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.
For the first time since at least 2014, every U.S. House district in California had scheduled a contested primary election following the 2022 candidate filing deadline. In California, which uses a top-two primary system, a primary is contested if more than two candidates file to run.
In 2022, 265 candidates filed to run for California's 52 congressional districts, including 112 Democrats, 126 Republicans, and 27 independent and third party candidates. That's 5.1 candidates per district, more than the 4.2 candidates per district in 2020 and the 3.9 in 2018. This figure increased partly due to a larger number of candidates but also because the number of congressional districts in California decreased by one following the 2020 census.
Forty-seven incumbents filed for re-election, all of whom were set to face primary challengers as of the candidate filing deadline, another first since at least 2014. Five districts were left open, meaning no incumbent filed to run there. Four incumbents did not seek re-election and one—Rep. Devin Nunes (R)—resigned early. Nunes' retirement triggered a special election for June 7. No candidates in the special election filed to run in the regularly-scheduled general election, meaning the winner of the special election would only serve in Congress until Jan. 3, 2023.
Nine candidates filed to run in the 30th District, more than any other. This includes three Democrats, including incumbent Rep. Adam Schiff (D), four Republicans, one American Independent Party candidate, and one Green Party candidate.
As of the filing deadline, no districts were guaranteed to either party because both Democrats and Republicans filed to run in all 52. However, under California's top-two primary system, two candidates from the same party can advance to the general election if they are the top two vote-getters in the primary.
Presidential elections
Partisan Voter Index
Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+13. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 13 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 24th the 111th most Democratic district nationally.[9]
2020 presidential election results
The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.
2020 presidential results in California's 24th based on 2022 district lines | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Biden ![]() |
Donald Trump ![]() | |||
63.3% | 34.3% |
Presidential voting history
California presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 15 Democratic wins
- 15 Republican wins
- 1 other win
Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winning Party | R | R | R | P[10] | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Demographics
The table below details demographic data in California and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.
Demographic Data for California | ||
---|---|---|
California | United States | |
Population | 37,253,956 | 308,745,538 |
Land area (sq mi) | 155,857 | 3,531,905 |
Race and ethnicity** | ||
White | 59.7% | 72.5% |
Black/African American | 5.8% | 12.7% |
Asian | 14.5% | 5.5% |
Native American | 0.8% | 0.8% |
Pacific Islander | 0.4% | 0.2% |
Other (single race) | 14% | 4.9% |
Multiple | 4.9% | 3.3% |
Hispanic/Latino | 39% | 18% |
Education | ||
High school graduation rate | 83.3% | 88% |
College graduation rate | 33.9% | 32.1% |
Income | ||
Median household income | $75,235 | $62,843 |
Persons below poverty level | 13.4% | 13.4% |
Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2010). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2014-2019). | ||
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. |
State party control
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of California's congressional delegation as of November 2022.
Congressional Partisan Breakdown from California, November 2022 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
Democratic | 2 | 42 | 44 |
Republican | 0 | 11 | 11 |
Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 2 | 53 | 55 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in California's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.
State executive officials in California, November 2022 | |
---|---|
Office | Officeholder |
Governor | ![]() |
Lieutenant Governor | ![]() |
Secretary of State | ![]() |
Attorney General | ![]() |
State legislature
The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the California State Legislature as of November 2022.
California State Senate
Party | As of November 2022 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 31 | |
Republican Party | 9 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 40 |
California State Assembly
Party | As of November 2022 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 60 | |
Republican Party | 19 | |
Independent | 1 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 80 |
Trifecta control
As of November 2022, California was a Democratic trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.
California Party Control: 1992-2022
Seventeen years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Assembly | D | D | D | S | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
District history
2020
See also: California's 24th Congressional District election, 2020
General election
General election for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal defeated Andy Caldwell in the general election for U.S. House California District 24 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 58.7 | 212,564 |
![]() | Andy Caldwell (R) ![]() | 41.3 | 149,781 |
Total votes: 362,345 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Nonpartisan primary election
Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal and Andy Caldwell defeated Kenneth Young in the primary for U.S. House California District 24 on March 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 57.8 | 139,973 |
✔ | ![]() | Andy Caldwell (R) ![]() | 38.2 | 92,537 |
![]() | Kenneth Young (Independent) ![]() | 4.0 | 9,650 |
Total votes: 242,160 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Angela Kennedy (D)
- Michael Erin Woody (R)
2018
General election
General election for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal defeated Justin Fareed in the general election for U.S. House California District 24 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 58.6 | 166,550 |
![]() | Justin Fareed (R) | 41.4 | 117,881 |
Total votes: 284,431 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Nonpartisan primary election
Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 24
Incumbent Salud Carbajal and Justin Fareed defeated Michael Erin Woody in the primary for U.S. House California District 24 on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Salud Carbajal (D) | 53.6 | 94,558 |
✔ | ![]() | Justin Fareed (R) | 36.4 | 64,177 |
![]() | Michael Erin Woody (R) | 10.0 | 17,715 |
Total votes: 176,450 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as a race to watch. Incumbent Lois Capps (D) did not seek re-election in 2016. Salud Carbajal (D) defeated Justin Fareed (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Carbajal and Fareed defeated Benjamin Lucas (D), William Ostrander (D), Helene Schneider (D), Katcho Achadjian (R), Matt Kokkonen (R), Steve Isakson (Independent), and John Uebersax (Independent) in the top-two primary on June 7, 2016.[11][12][13]
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
53.4% | 166,034 | |
Republican | Justin Fareed | 46.6% | 144,780 | |
Total Votes | 310,814 | |||
Source: California Secretary of State |
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic |
![]() |
31.9% | 66,402 | |
Republican | ![]() |
20.5% | 42,521 | |
Republican | Katcho Achadjian | 18.1% | 37,716 | |
Democratic | Helene Schneider | 14.9% | 31,046 | |
Democratic | William Ostrander | 6.1% | 12,657 | |
Republican | Matt Kokkonen | 5.6% | 11,636 | |
Independent | John Uebersax | 1.1% | 2,188 | |
Independent | Steve Isakson | 1% | 2,172 | |
Democratic | Bernjamin Lucas | 0.8% | 1,568 | |
Total Votes | 207,906 | |||
Source: California Secretary of State |
2014
The 24th Congressional District of California held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Lois Capps (D) defeated Chris Mitchum (R) in the general election.
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
51.9% | 103,228 | |
Republican | Chris Mitchum | 48.1% | 95,566 | |
Total Votes | 198,794 | |||
Source: California Secretary of State |
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic |
![]() |
43.7% | 58,198 | |
Republican | ![]() |
15.8% | 21,059 | |
Republican | Justin Fareed | 15.3% | 20,445 | |
Republican | Dale Francisco | 11.7% | 15,575 | |
Republican | Bradley Allen | 7% | 9,269 | |
Democratic | Sandra Marshall | 3.5% | 4,646 | |
Democratic | Paul Coyne | 1.6% | 2,144 | |
Independent | Steve Isakson | 0.9% | 1,249 | |
Republican | Alexis Stuart | 0.5% | 678 | |
Total Votes | 133,263 | |||
Source: California Secretary of State |
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Political predecessor districts are determined primarily based on incumbents and where each chose to seek re-election.
- ↑ Daily Kos Elections, "Daily Kos Elections 2020 presidential results by congressional district (old CDs vs. new CDs)," accessed May 12, 2022
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ Progressive Party
- ↑ California Secretary of State, "Certified List of Candidates for Voter-Nominated Offices June 7, 2016, Presidential Primary Election," accessed April 4, 2016
- ↑ The New York Times, "California Primary Results," June 7, 2016
- ↑ California Secretary of State, "Statement of Vote," June 7, 2016