Congressional primary review: Incumbents advance unscathed
June 25, 2014
By Ballotpedia's Congressional team
Tuesday night was a good one for incumbents, as none of them lost their primary battles. In Mississippi's Senate runoff, incumbent Thad Cochran defied recent runoff polls and defeated challenger Chris McDaniel to earn the Republican nomination. Rep. James Lankford defeated former Oklahoma House Speaker T.W. Shannon and five other Republican candidates in Oklahoma's special senate election to avoid a primary runoff election.
In the House, Curt Clawson (R) won the special election in Florida's 19th Congressional District to replace Rep. Trey Radel. New York's 13th Congressional District race remains uncalled as of this morning, but incumbent Charles Rangel is currently leading Adriano Espaillat by 3 percent and is likely to keep that lead and win the primary.
Full results for all U.S. Senate and House races are shown below.
U.S. Senate
Colorado
Incumbent Mark Udall (D) and challenger Cory Gardner (R) both advanced past the primary with no opposition.[1] The two will face off in November in what is expected to be a tight race.
Mississippi runoff
Despite leading in two Republican primary runoff polls, challenger Chris McDaniel lost the Republican nomination to incumbent Thad Cochran.[2] Cochran will be challenged by Democratic candidate Travis Childers in the general election on November 4, 2014.
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Thad Cochran Incumbent |
51% | 194,932 | ||
| Chris McDaniel | 49% | 187,265 | ||
| Total Votes | 382,197 | |||
| Source: Mississippi Secretary of State - Official Republican runoff primary results |
||||
Oklahoma
Incumbent Jim Inhofe defeated four challengers, the most he has ever faced, in the Republican primary.[3] He will face Democrat Matt Silverstein, an investment planner who ran unopposed in the Democratic primary, and Independent candidates Ray Woods, Aaron DeLozier and Joan Farr. The race is rated a "Safe Republican" contest by Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jim Inhofe Incumbent |
87.7% | 231,131 | ||
| Erick Wyatt | 4.5% | 11,950 | ||
| Evelyn Rogers | 4.4% | 11,701 | ||
| Rob Moye | 1.8% | 4,841 | ||
| D. Jean McBride-Samuels | 1.5% | 3,960 | ||
| Total Votes | 263,583 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
In a race that grew increasingly negative due to ads released by outside political groups, Rep. James Lankford defeated former Oklahoma House Speaker T.W. Shannon in the Republican primary. Lankford also defeated Republican candidates Jason Weger, Kevin Crow, Randy Brogdon, Eric McCray and Andy Craig. Oklahoma State Senator Constance Johnson and Jim Rogers will head to a runoff primary on August 26, 2014, because neither Democratic candidate was able to secure 50 percent of the vote.[3] The winner of the Democratic runoff will face Independent candidate Mark Beard and Lankford in the general election. Lankford is expected to win Coburn's Senate seat. The race is rated "Safe Republican" by the Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
James Lankford |
57.2% | 152,658 | ||
| T.W. Shannon | 34.4% | 91,772 | ||
| Randy Brogdon | 4.8% | 12,924 | ||
| Kevin Crow | 1.1% | 2,825 | ||
| Andy Craig | 0.9% | 2,425 | ||
| Eric McCray | 0.9% | 2,270 | ||
| Jason Weger | 0.7% | 1,793 | ||
| Total Votes | 266,667 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Connie Johnson |
43.8% | 71,402 | ||
| Jim Rogers |
35.3% | 57,557 | ||
| Patrick Hayes | 20.8% | 33,908 | ||
| Total Votes | 162,867 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
U.S. House
Colorado
Seven U.S. House seats are up for election in Colorado's 2014 congressional elections. The Republican Party currently holds four of the seven seats.
| Members of the U.S. House from Colorado -- Partisan Breakdown | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 2014 | After the 2014 Election | |
| Democratic Party | 3 | 3 | |
| Republican Party | 4 | 4 | |
| Total | 7 | 7 | |
District 1
Incumbent Diana DeGette (D) advanced past her primary unopposed. Challenger Martin Walsh also faced no opposition in the Republican primary.[1]
District 2
Incumbent Jared Polis advanced through the Democratic primary unopposed. Challenger George Leing also faced no opposition in the Republican primary.[1]
District 3
Incumbent Scott Tipton easily defeated David Cox to secure the Republican nomination. Abel Tapia won the Democratic primary with no opposition.[1]
District 4
Ken Buck defeated Barbara Kirkmeyer, Steve Laffey and Scott Renfroe in the Republican primary to fill the open seat left by Cory Gardner's U.S. Senate run. On the other side of the aisle, Vic Meyers won the Democratic primary with no opposition.[1]
District 5
Incumbent Doug Lamborn narrowly defeated Bentley Rayburn in the Republican primary. Lamborn took in just 5 percent more of the vote than Rayburn. Democratic challenger Irv Halter won his primary unopposed.[1]
District 6
Incumbent Mike Coffman (Colorado) advanced through the Republican primary unchallenged. Challenger Andrew Romanoff also faced no opposition in the Democratic primary.[1] Coffman and Romanoff will face off for control of this battleground district in November.
District 7
Incumbent Ed Perlmutter advanced through the Democratic primary unopposed. Challengers George Leing (R) and Douglas Campbell (American Constitution Party) also faced no opposition in their respective primaries.[1]
Florida special election
District 19
The 19th Congressional District of Florida held a special election for the U.S. House in 2014.
The special election was held to fill the vacancy left by the resignation of Rep. Trey Radel (R).[5]
Republican nominee Curt Clawson defeated Democratic nominee April Freeman, Libertarian Ray Netherwood and write-in candidate Timothy Rossano in the general election.[6]
The special election had a projected cost of $1.5 million.[7]
Clawson will face re-election in 2014, with the primary scheduled for August 26, 2014, followed by the November general election.
| U.S. House, Florida District 19 General Special Election, 2013 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Curt Clawson |
67% | 66,887 | |
| Democratic | April Freeman | 29.3% | 29,294 | |
| Libertarian | Ray Netherwood | 3.7% | 3,724 | |
| Write-in | Timothy Rossano | 0% | 0 | |
| Total Votes | 99,905 | |||
| Source: Unoffocial Results via Associated Press | ||||
Maryland
There are eight seats up for grabs in the Maryland's 2014 congressional elections. The Democratic Party currently hold seven of the eight seats.
| Members of the U.S. House from Maryland -- Partisan Breakdown | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 2014 | After the 2014 Election | |
| Democratic Party | 7 | 7 | |
| Republican Party | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | 8 | 8 | |
District 1
Incumbent Andrew Harris easily defeated primary challenger Jonathan Goff on the Republican ticket. In the Democratic] primary, Bill Tilghman defeated John LaFerla for the nomination and opportunity to take on Harris in the general election.[8]
District 2
In the Republican primary, David Banach ran unopposed for the nomination. Democratic incumbent Dutch Ruppersberger won the nomination in the primary.[8]
District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes defeated primary challenger Matthew Molyett. On the Republican ticket, Charles Long defeated Thomas Harris and Michael Jackson for the nomination. Long defeated second place candidate Thomas Harris by a single percentage, or 227 votes.[8] He will face Sarbanes in the general election.[8]
District 4
Democratic incumbent Donna Edwards defeated Warren Christopher for the nomination. She will face Nancy Hoyt, who defeated three other candidates--George McDermott, Greg Holmes and John Graziani-- for the nomination, in the general election.[8]
District 5
Incumbent Steny Hoyer (D) faced no primary challenge. He will face Republican nominee Chris Chaffee in the general election. Chaffee defeated Mark Arness and Tom Potter in the primary.[8]
District 6
Democratic incumbent John Delaney ran unopposed in the primary. Daniel Bongino defeated Harold Painter for the Republican nomination.[8]
District 7
Incumbent Elijah Cummings (D), defeated two primary challengers--Bryant Alexander and Fred Dickson--for the nomination. On the Republican ticket, Corrogan Vaughn defeated Ray Bly. Vaughn will take on Cummings in the general election.[8]
District 8
Incumbent Chris Van Hollen (D) defeated George English and Lih Young. He will face Dave Wallace (R) in the general election. Wallace ran unopposed in the primary election.[8]
Mississippi runoff
There are four seats up for grabs in the Mississippi's 2014 congressional elections. The Democratic Party currently holds one of the four seats.
| Members of the U.S. House from Mississippi -- Partisan Breakdown | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 2014 | After the 2014 Election | |
| Democratic Party | 1 | 1 | |
| Republican Party | 3 | 3 | |
| Total | 4 | 4 | |
District 3
Doug Magee defeated Dennis Quinn for the Democratic nomination in the runoff primary.[9] Magee will face Republican incumbent Gregg Harper in the general election on November 4, 2014.
New York
There are 27 seats up for grabs in the New York's 2014 congressional elections. The Democratic Party currently holds 21 of the 27 seats.
| Members of the U.S. House from New York -- Partisan Breakdown | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 2014 | After the 2014 Election | |
| Democratic Party | 21 | 18 | |
| Republican Party | 6 | 9 | |
| Total | 27 | 27 | |
District 1
Incumbent Tim Bishop ran uncontested for the Democratic, Working Families and Independence Party nominations in the primary. Lee Zeldin defeated George Demos in the Republican primary and ran uncontested for the Conservative nomination. Jason Strom ran uncontested for the Green Party nomination.[10]
District 2
Incumbent Peter King ran uncontested in the Republican, Conservative and Independence Party primaries. Patricia M. Maher ran uncontested in the Democratic primary, while William D. Stevenson ran uncontested for the Green Party nomination.[10]
District 3
Incumbent Steve Israel ran uncontested for the Democratic, Working Families and Independence Party nominations in the primary. The Republican race had not yet been called as of the morning after the primary. However, Grant Lally held the lead over Stephen Labate in the Republican primary and also ran uncontested in the Conservative primary.[10]
District 4
Bruce Blakeman defeated Frank Scaturro in the Republican primary and also ran uncontested for the Conservative and Independence nominations in the primary. Kathleen M. Rice defeated Kevan Abrahams in the Democratic primary and also ran unopposed for the Working Families nomination.[10]
District 5
Incumbent Gregory Meeks defeated Joseph Marthone in the Democratic primary election. There were no Republican candidates on the ballot.[10]
District 6
Incumbent Grace Meng ran unopposed for the Democratic and Working Families nominations. There were no Republican candidates on the ballot.[10]
District 7
Incumbent Nydia Velazquez defeated Jeff Kurzon in the Democratic primary and also ran unopposed for the Working Families nomination. She will be challenged in the general election by Jose Luis Fernandez, who ran uncontested in the Republican primary, and Allan Romaguera, who ran uncontested for the Conservative nomination.[10]
District 8
Incumbent Hakeem Jeffries ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. In the November general election, he will face off against Alan Bellone, who ran uncontested for the Conservative nomination.[10]
District 9
Incumbent Yvette Clarke ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primary elections. She will go on to the November general election, where she will be challenged by Daniel Cavanagh, who ran uncontested in the Conservative party.[10]
District 10
Incumbent Jerrold Nadler ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. Ross Brady ran uncontested in the Conservative primary and will go on to face Nadler in the general election in November.[10]
District 11
Incumbent Michael Grimm ran uncontested for the Republican, Conservative and Independence nominations in the primary. Domenic Recchia ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primaries, while Henry Bardel ran uncontested for the Green Party nomination.[10]
District 12
Incumbent Carolyn Maloney ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. Nick Di Iorio ran uncontested for the Republican, Conservative and Independence nominations.[10]
District 13
The Democratic primary remained uncalled as of the morning after the election. Charles Rangel was leading, but Adriano Espaillat had not conceded. Both candidates defeated Democratic candidates Michael A. Walrond Jr. and Yolanda Garcia. Kenneth Schaeffer ran uncontested for the Working Families nomination, while Daniel Vila Rivera ran uncontested for the Green Party nomination. There were no Republican candidates on the ballot.[10]
District 14
Incumbent Joseph Crowley ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. Elizabeth Perri ran uncontested in the Conservative primary.[10]
District 15
Incumbent Jose Serrano defeated Sam Sloan in the Democratic primary and also ran uncontested for the Working Families nomination. Eduardo Ramirez ran uncontested for the Conservative nomination, and William Edstrom ran uncontested in the Green Party primary.[10]
District 16
Incumbent Eliot Engel ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. There was no Republican primary.[10]
District 17
Incumbent Nita Lowey ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primaries. Chris Day ran uncontested for the Republican and Conservative nominations.[10]
District 18
Incumbent Sean Maloney ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primary elections. However, Maloney lost the Independence nomination to Nan Hayworth, who also ran uncontested for the Republican and Conservative nominations.[10]
District 19
Incumbent Chris Gibson ran uncontested for the Republican, Conservative and Independence nominations in the primary. Sean Eldridge ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primaries.[10]
District 20
Incumbent Paul Tonko ran uncontested in the Democratic, Working Families and Independence primary elections. Jim Fischer ran uncontested for the Republican and Conservative nominations.[10]
District 21
With Democratic incumbent Bill Owens not seeking re-election in 2014, two Republican candidates are trying to take his seat. Elise Stefanik defeated Matt Doheny in the Republican primary and also ran uncontested for the Conservative nomination. Although Doheny did not receive the Republican nomination, he ran unopposed for the Independence nomination. Aaron Woolf ran unopposed in the Democratic and Working Families primaries, while Matt Funiciello ran unopposed in the Green Party primary.[10]
District 22
Incumbent Richard Hanna defeated Claudia Tenney in the Republican primary and also ran uncontested for the Independence nomination. There were no Democratic candidates on the ballot.[10]
District 23
Incumbent Tom Reed ran uncontested for the Republican, Conservative and Independence nominations in the primary. Martha Robertson ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primaries.[10]
District 24
Incumbent Dan Maffei ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. John Katko ran unopposed for the Republican, Conservative and Independence nominations.[10]
District 25
Incumbent Louise Slaughter ran uncontested in the Democratic and Working Families primary elections. Mark Assini ran uncontested in the Republican and Conservative primaries.[10]
District 26
Incumbent Brian Higgins ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families nominations in the primary. Kathy Weppner ran unopposed in the Republican and Conservative primaries.[10]
District 27
Incumbent Chris Collins ran unopposed in the Republican, Conservative and Independence primaries. Jim O'Donnell ran unopposed for the Democratic and Working Families nominations.[10]
Oklahoma
Five U.S. House seats are up for election in Oklahoma’s 2014 congressional elections. The Republican Party holds all five of the seats.
| Members of the U.S. House from Oklahoma -- Partisan Breakdown | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 2014 | After the 2014 Election | |
| Democratic Party | 0 | 0 | |
| Republican Party | 5 | 5 | |
| Total | 5 | 5 | |
District 1
On June 26, 2012, tea party-backed candidate Jim Bridenstine upset John Sullivan, who was first elected in 2002, in the Republican primary.[11][12] The day of the primary, Sullivan said he had made a mistake by ignoring the primary challenge for too long. "I never had a race like this in all my life," he said.[13] Bridenstine's campaign and upset is similar to David Brat's recent primary upset of House Majority Leader Eric Cantor. Both were underfunded, little-known candidates, who were taken for granted as serious threats by powerful incumbents. Luckily for Bridenstine, he does not have to worry about being unseated in the 2014 elections. He did not face a primary challenger, and he will run unopposed in the general election.
District 2
Incumbent Markwayne Mullin defeated professional bass fisherman Darrel Robertson in the Republican primary.[14] Despite Robertson’s attempt to portray Mullin as not "conservative enough" Republican voters overwhelmingly supported Mullin.[15] Retired teacher Earl Everett defeated recent Northeastern State University graduate Joshua Harris-Till in the Democratic primary.[14] Mullin and Everett will face off with Independent candidate Jon Douthitt in the general election. The race is rated a "Safe Republican" contest by Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Markwayne Mullin Incumbent |
79.7% | 26,224 | ||
| Darrel Robertson | 20.3% | 6,667 | ||
| Total Votes | 32,891 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Earl Everett |
62.6% | 33,087 | ||
| Joshua Harris-Till | 37.4% | 19,798 | ||
| Total Votes | 52,885 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
District 3
Incumbent Frank D. Lucas, who is one of Oklahoma's most popular congressmen, defeated farmer and rancher Robert Hubbard and Timothy Ray Murray in the Republican primary.[16][14] Murray, who ran as a Democrat in 2012 and lost to Lucas in the general election, switched parties and ran as a Republican in this election. Lucas will face Frankie Robbins, who was defeated by Murray in the 2012 Democratic primary, in the general election.[17] Robbins did not have a primary challenger. The race is rated a "Safe Republican" contest by Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Frank Lucas Incumbent |
82.8% | 54,816 | ||
| Robert Hubbard | 12% | 7,917 | ||
| Timothy Murray | 5.2% | 3,442 | ||
| Total Votes | 66,175 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
District 4
After David Brat's shocking defeat of former House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, incumbent Tom Cole, a member of the House Appropriations Committee, was asked if he thought he would find himself in a similar situation on election night. He said he did not see any similarities between the elections and added, "I hope I've done the kind of job that merits being re-elected. I think I've represented the views and values of the people in the district."[18] Republican voters in Cole’s district clearly approve of the job he has done in Congress. They overwhelmingly supported Cole’s bid for re-election in the primary. He defeated Anna Flatt, who said it would be a miracle if she beat Cole, in the Republican primary.[18] Bert Smith, who ran for the seat in 2012 and was defeated by Donna Marie Bebo, defeated Tae Si, whose family immigrated to the United States from Seoul, South Korea in 1986, in the Democratic primary.[14][19][20] Cole and Smith will face state representative Dennis Johnson, who is running as an Independent candidate, in the general election. The race is rated a "Safe Republican" contest by Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Tom Cole Incumbent |
84.4% | 40,762 | ||
| Anna Flatt | 15.6% | 7,510 | ||
| Total Votes | 48,272 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bert Smith |
81.6% | 24,258 | ||
| Tae Si | 18.4% | 5,480 | ||
| Total Votes | 29,738 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
District 5
A dozen candidates fought for the seat left open by incumbent James Lankford, who is running in the special election for the Senate seat that is being vacated by Tom Coburn (R). None of the candidates running in the primary election received 50 percent of the votes cast, so four candidates will move on to a runoff primary election on August 26, 2014. Former state Senator Steve Russell and Commissioner of the Oklahoma Corporation Commission Patrice Douglas will face off in the Republican runoff, and Tom Guild and state Sen. Al McAffrey will face off in the Democratic runoff.[14] The winners of the Republican and Democratic runoff elections will face Independent candidates Buddy Ray, Tom Boggs and Robert Murphy in the general election. The race is rated a "Safe Republican" contest by Rothenberg Political Report/Roll Call.[4]
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Steve Russell |
26.6% | 14,597 | ||
| Patrice Douglas |
24.5% | 13,440 | ||
| Clark Jolley | 16.8% | 9,226 | ||
| Mike Turner | 14.1% | 7,757 | ||
| Shane Jett | 12.8% | 7,019 | ||
| Harvey Sparks | 5.3% | 2,895 | ||
| Total Votes | 54,934 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Tom Guild |
42.1% | 11,597 | ||
| Al McAffrey |
30.9% | 8,505 | ||
| Leona Leonard | 27% | 7,424 | ||
| Total Votes | 27,526 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
See also
- List of U.S. Congress incumbents not running for re-election in 2014
- Contested primaries in U.S. Congressional elections, 2014
- U.S. House battleground districts, 2014
- Special elections to the 113th United States Congress (2013-2014)
- United States Senate elections, 2014
- United States Senate elections in Mississippi, 2014
- United States Senate elections in Oklahoma, 2014
- United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, 2014
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2014
- United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado, 2014
- Florida's 19th Congressional District special election, 2014
- United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland, 2014
- United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 2014
- United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma, 2014
External links
- Colorado Secretary of State - Official primary candidate list
- Florida Elections Division
- 2014 Special Election Candidate Listing
- Maryland State Board of Elections
- 2014 Maryland Candidate List
- New York Board of Elections - Candidate Petition List
- Oklahoma State Election Board
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Colorado Secretary of State, "Primary election results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ Associated Press, "Mississippi - Summary Vote Results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Associated Press, "Oklahoma - Summary Vote Results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Roll Call, "2014 Election Race Ratings," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ Politico, "Trey Radel to resign House seat," accessed January 27, 2014
- ↑ Associated Press, "Special General Election," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ NBC News, "Vacant congressional seat costly to Southwest Florida," accessed January 30, 2014
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 Associated Press, "Primary Results 2014," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ Associated Press, "Mississippi - Summary Vote Results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 Associated Press, "New York - Summary Vote Results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ Oklahoma Elections Division, "Election Results," accessed June 26, 2012
- ↑ Fox 23, "Jim Bridenstine defeats John Sullivan in primary," June 26, 2012
- ↑ Politico, "An incumbent caught sleeping?" June 26, 2012
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Associated Press, "Oklahoma - Summary Vote Results," accessed June 24, 2014
- ↑ Kentucky.com, "Oklahoma congressman faces challenge in primary," accessed June 19, 2014
- ↑ Tulsa World, "Frank Lucas faces two primary foes for Third District seat," accessed June 23, 2014
- ↑ Oklahoma Elections Division, "Election Results," accessed June 26, 2012
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Bradenton.com, "Incumbent Oklahoma congressman try to avoid upsets," accessed June 23, 2014
- ↑ Oklahoma Secretary of State, "Primary Candidate List," accessed April 13, 2012
- ↑ Oklahoma Secretary of State, "2012 Primary Results"
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