Criminal sentences and trials ballot measures
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Voters have decided on criminal sentences and trials ballot measures across the U.S. As a state ballot measure topic, this includes measures regarding the prosecution, sentencing, and release of individuals accused or convicted of crimes. The topic is grouped within the criminal justice and law enforcement policy area.
This page provides information on:
This page provides information on:
- Related ballot measures
- Upcoming ballot measures
- Comprehensive list of ballot measures by year and state
Contents
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Upcoming ballot measures
- See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures
The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:
2028
2026
- Alabama Amendment 1, Allow Judges to Deny Bail for Certain Weapon Discharges and Solicitation, Attempt, or Conspiracy to Commit Murder Amendment (May 2026) - On the ballot
- Arizona Designate Drug Cartels as Terrorist Organizations and Require State DHS to Address Threats Measure (2026) - On the ballot
- Colorado Penalties for Fentanyl Sale and Possession Initiative (2026) - On the ballot
- Colorado Require Life in Prison for Sexual Trafficking of a Minor Measure (2026) - Potential
- Indiana Bailable Offenses and Substantial Risk Standard Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
- Oregon Changes to Pretrial Release for Persons Accused of Felonies and Class A Misdemeanors Initiative (2026) - Potential
- Tennessee Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
- Tennessee Remove Right to Bail for Certain Criminal Offenses Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
List of state ballot measures
Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to this topic, organized by year or state.
Years
States
2028
2026
- Alabama Amendment 1, Allow Judges to Deny Bail for Certain Weapon Discharges and Solicitation, Attempt, or Conspiracy to Commit Murder Amendment (May 2026) - On the ballot
- Arizona Designate Drug Cartels as Terrorist Organizations and Require State DHS to Address Threats Measure (2026) - On the ballot
- Colorado Penalties for Fentanyl Sale and Possession Initiative (2026) - On the ballot
- Colorado Require Life in Prison for Sexual Trafficking of a Minor Measure (2026) - Potential
- Indiana Bailable Offenses and Substantial Risk Standard Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
- Oregon Changes to Pretrial Release for Persons Accused of Felonies and Class A Misdemeanors Initiative (2026) - Potential
- Tennessee Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
- Tennessee Remove Right to Bail for Certain Criminal Offenses Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
2025
-
Louisiana Amendment 3, Legislative Authority to Determine Crimes for Trying Juveniles as Adults Amendment (March 2025)
-
Texas Proposition 3, Denial of Bail for Certain Violent or Sexual Offenses Punishable as a Felony Amendment (2025)
2024
-
Arizona Proposition 313, Life Imprisonment for Sex Trafficking of a Child Measure (2024)
-
Arizona Proposition 314, Immigration and Border Law Enforcement Measure (2024)
-
California Proposition 36, Drug and Theft Crime Penalties and Treatment-Mandated Felonies Initiative (2024)
-
Colorado Amendment I, Remove Right to Bail in First Degree Murder Cases Amendment (2024)
-
Colorado Proposition 128, Parole Eligibility Initiative (2024)
2023
-
Wisconsin Question 1, Conditions of Release Before Conviction Amendment (April 2023)
-
Wisconsin Question 2, Conditions for Cash Bail Amendment (April 2023)
2022
-
Alabama Amendment 3, Notice to Victim's Family Required for Commutation or Reprieve of Death Sentences Amendment (2022)
-
Montana C-48, Search Warrant for Electronic Data Amendment (2022)
2020
-
California Proposition 20, Criminal Sentencing, Parole, and DNA Collection Initiative (2020)
-
California Proposition 25, Replace Cash Bail with Risk Assessments Referendum (2020)
-
Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 1, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2020)
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Michigan Proposal 2, Search Warrant for Electronic Data Amendment (2020)
-
Wisconsin Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (April 2020)
2019
2018
-
Florida Amendment 11, Repeal Prohibition on Aliens' Property Ownership, Delete Obsolete Provision on High-Speed Rail, and Repeal of Criminal Statutes' Effect on Prosecution Amendment (2018)
-
Florida Amendment 6, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights, Judicial Retirement Age, and Judicial Interpretation of Laws and Rules Amendment (2018)
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Georgia Amendment 4, Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (2018)
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Kentucky Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
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Louisiana Amendment 2, Unanimous Jury Verdict for Felony Trials Amendment (2018)
-
Nevada Question 1, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
-
North Carolina Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
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Oklahoma State Question 794, Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (2018)
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South Dakota Constitutional Amendment Y, Changes to Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (June 2018)
2017
2016
-
California Proposition 57, Parole for Non-Violent Criminals and Juvenile Court Trial Requirements (2016)
-
California Proposition 62, Abolition of Death Penalty Measure (2016)
-
California Proposition 66, Death Penalty Procedures Measure (2016)
-
Montana Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Initiative, CI-116 (2016)
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Nebraska Referendum 426, Death Penalty Measure (2016)
-
New Mexico Changes in Regulations Governing Bail, Constitutional Amendment 1 (2016)
-
North Dakota Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights, Initiated Constitutional Measure 3 (2016)
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Oklahoma State Question 776, Allow State to Impose Death Penalty Amendment (2016)
-
South Dakota Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights, Constitutional Amendment S (2016)
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Washington Increased Penalties for Crimes Against Vulnerable Individuals, Initiative 1501 (2016)
2014
-
California Proposition 47, Reduced Penalties for Some Crimes Initiative (2014)
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Illinois Marsy's Law Crime Victims' Bill of Rights Amendment (2014)
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Missouri Evidence in Sexual Crimes Against Minors, Amendment 2 (2014)
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North Carolina Criminal Defendant May Waive Jury Trial Amendment (2014)
2012
-
California Proposition 34, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (2012)
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California Proposition 35, Ban on Human Trafficking and Sex Slavery Initiative (2012)
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California Proposition 36, Changes to Three Strikes Sentencing Initiative (2012)
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Idaho State Prison Control Amendment, SJR 102 (2012)
2010
-
Oregon Measure 73, Minimum Criminal Sentence Increase Initiative (2010)
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Washington Judge Bail Authority Amendment, HJR 4220 (2010)
2008
-
California Proposition 6, Gang-Related Crimes, Law Enforcement Spending, and Parolee Caseload Initiative (2008)
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California Proposition 9, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2008)
-
Oregon Measure 53, Property Forfeiture Related to Crimes Amendment Amendment (May 2008)
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Oregon Measure 57, Prison Sentences for Certain Drug and Property Crimes Measure (2008)
2007
2006
-
Arizona Proposition 301, Methamphetamine Offenses Initiative (2006)
-
California Proposition 83, Jessica's Law Sex Offender Penalties and Restrictions Initiative (2006)
-
Hawaii Sexual Assault Crimes Against Minors Act, Amendment 4 (2006)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Authorize Executive and Judicial Departments to Supervise Parolees Measure (2006)
-
Wisconsin Question 2, Death Penalty for First Degree Murder Advisory Question (2006)
2005
2004
-
California Proposition 66, Changes to Three Strikes Criminal Sentencing Law Initiative (2004)
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Hawaii Criminal Charges Procedure Amendment, Question 4 (2004)
-
Hawaii Information on Sex Offenders, Question 2 (2004)
-
Hawaii Sexual Assault Crime Amendment, Question 1 (2004)
2002
-
Arizona Proposition 103, Expansion of Non-Bailable Offenses Amendment (2002)
-
Florida Amendment 1, Permit Death Penalty For Capital Crimes Amendment (2002)
-
Hawaii Felony Prosecutions by Written Information Act, Question 3 (2002)
-
Louisiana Removal of Public Employees from Employment, Amendment 4 (2002)
-
South Dakota Amendment A, Criminal Defendant Right to Challenge Laws Measure (2002)
2000
-
Alaska Measure 5, Marijuana Decriminalization Initiative (2000)
-
California Proposition 18, Permit Death Penalty or Life Sentence for Lying in Wait First Degree Murder Measure (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 19, Increased Criminal Punishment for Murder of Police Officer Measure (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 21, Treatment of Juvenile Offenders Initiative (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 36, Probation and Treatment for Drug-Related Offenses Initiative (2000)
-
Indiana Criminal Appeals Process, Public Question 1 (2000)
-
Massachusetts Question 8, Drug Treatment Trust Fund and Expanded Court-Monitored Treatment Programs Initiative (2000)
-
Oregon Measure 94, Repeal of Certain Mandatory Minimum Sentences Initiative (2000)
-
Utah Initiative B, Modify Forfeiture Law and Proceedings Measure (2000)
1999
-
Louisiana Automatic Pardon, Amendment 8 (October 1999)
-
Oregon Measure 71, Crime Victims' Rights and Pretrial Release Amendment (1999)
1998
-
California Proposition 222, Sentencing for Second Degree Murder of Police Officers Measure (June 1998)
-
Florida Amendment 2, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1998)
-
Iowa Offenses Tried Without a Jury, Amendment 2 (1998)
-
Louisiana Bail Denial, Amendment 6 (October 1998)
-
Louisiana Jury Requirements, Amendment 14 (October 1998)
-
Montana Criminal Law Basis, C-33 (1998)
-
Nebraska Amendment 3, Imprisonment for Fraud Debt Measure (May 1998)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Repeal Exceptions to Habeas Corpus Measure (May 1998)
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Pennsylvania Joint Resolution 2, Commonwealth's Right to Trial by Jury Amendment (1998)
1997
1996
-
Alabama Guilty Pleas, Amendment 3 (1996)
-
Arizona Proposition 102, Jurisdiction of Juveniles Amendment (1996)
-
Arizona Proposition 200, Controlled Substances Criminal Justice and Medical Prescription Changes Initiative (1996)
-
California Proposition 194, Employed Prisoners Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits Upon Release Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 195, Permit Death Penalty or Life Sentence for Certain First-Degree Murders Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 196, Death Penalty or Life Imprisonment for Drive-by Shooting Murders Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 211, Laws Governing Retirement Savings Securities Fraud Initiative (1996)
-
California Proposition 213, Limit Drunk Drivers and Felons' Abilities to Sue for Damages in Accidents Initiative (1996)
-
Montana Anti-Intimidation, I-123 (1996)
-
Nebraska Amendment 1, Authorize Legislature to Enforce Dispute Resolution Measure (May 1996)
-
North Carolina Recognized Punishments for Crimes Amendment (1996)
-
South Carolina Referendum 1B, No Bail for Persons Charged with Violent Crimes (1996)
1995
1994
-
Alabama Barbour County Trial Fee Amendment (1994)
-
Georgia Amendment 2, Mandatory Sentences and Restrictions on Pardons and Paroles Amendment (1994)
-
Illinois Criminal Defendants' Right to Meet Witnesses, Amendment 1 (1994)
-
Louisiana Juvenile Tried as Adult Amendment (October 1994)
-
Michigan Proposal B, Ability to Appeal Criminal Convictions Amendment (1994)
-
Ohio Jurisdiction of Death Penalty Appeals Amendment (1994)
-
Oklahoma State Question 664, Legislative Mandate for Minimum Prison Sentence for Parole Amendment (August 1994)
-
Oregon Measure 10, Require Two-Thirds Legislative Vote to Reduce Voter-Approved Criminal Sentences Initiative (1994)
-
Wyoming Amendment 1, Legislative Authority to Create Penalty of Life Imprisonment Without Parole Not Subject to Commutation by Governor Amendment (1994)
1993
1992
-
Arizona Proposition 103, Require Lethal Injection for Death Penalty Amendment (1992)
-
New Hampshire Jury Size Amendment, Question 2 (1992)
-
New Jersey Public Question No. 3, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1992)
1990
-
Alaska Measure 2, Marijuana Possession Criminalization Initiative (1990)
-
California Proposition 114, Reclassification of Peace Officers Covered by the Death Penalty Measure (June 1990)
-
Oklahoma State Question 623, Modifying Jury Trials Amendment (August 1990)
1989
1988
-
California Proposition 67, Second-Degree Murder of a Peace Officer Measure (June 1988)
-
California Proposition 96, Disease Testing Requirement Initiative (1988)
-
Georgia Amendment 7, Additional Court Penalties Measure (1988)
-
Indiana Criminal Appeals Process, Proposition 2 (1988)
-
Minnesota Amendment 3, Allowing Juries for Civil and Nonfelony Cases Amendment (1988)
-
New Mexico Ballot Proposal: Restriction of Bail for the Convicted (1988)
-
Oklahoma State Question 612, Denial of Bail Amendment (1988)
-
Oregon Measure 4, Eliminate Parole for Certain Felons Initiative (1988)
-
Utah Proposition 1, Allow Bail to Be Denied Persons Charged With a Serious Crime Amendment (1988)
1987
-
Mississippi Bail, Amendment 6 (1987)
-
Texas Proposition 14, State Criminal Appeals Rights Amendment (1987)
1986
-
Illinois Bail Amendment (1986)
-
Oklahoma State Question 593, Parole for Convicts Sentenced to Death or Life Imprisonment Amendment (1986)
-
Virginia Question 4, State's Right to Appeal in Felony Cases Amendment (1986)
1984
-
Oklahoma State Question 576, Petitions for Grand Juries Amendment (1984)
-
Oregon Measure 6, Permit Death Penalty for Aggravated Murder Initiative (1984)
-
Oregon Measure 7, Require Death Penalty by Lethal Injection for Aggravated Murder Initiative (1984)
-
Pennsylvania Question 2, Voluntary Admission or Confession Amendment (1984)
-
Rhode Island Bail, Proposal 3 (1984)
1982
-
Arizona Proposition 101, Felony and Capital Offense Bail Restrictions Amendment (1982)
-
Connecticut Question 1, Removal of Grand Jury Probable Cause Requirement for Capital Offenses Amendment (1982)
-
Florida Amendment 3, Pre-Trial Release Amendment (1982)
-
Hawaii Criminal Hearings, Amendment 1 (1982)
-
Idaho Waiver of Jury Trial, SJR 112 (1982)
-
Illinois Denial of Bail for Offenses Punishable by Life Imprisonment Amendment (1982)
-
Massachusetts Question 2, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1982)
-
Missouri Amendment 10, Supreme Court Review of Life Imprisonment Measure (1982)
-
Nevada Question 3, Sentencing in Lower Trial Courts Amendment (1982)
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Nevada Question 4, Prevention of Granting Parole Amendment (1982)
1981
1980
-
Arizona Proposition 104, Confinement of Minors as Adults Amendment (1980)
-
Maryland Removal of Cases from Court, Question 3 (1980)
-
Nevada Question 1, Expansion of Bail Denial Amendment (1980)
-
New Mexico Referendum: Limiting Bail in Certain Circumstances (1980)
-
New Mexico Referendum: Requirements to Require a Grand Jury (1980)
1979
1978
-
California Proposition 7, Expand Death Penalty and Life Imprisonment for Murders Initiative (1978)
-
Georgia Amendment 19, Compensation for Crime Victims Measure (1978)
-
Georgia Amendment 9, Criminal Penalty Assessments Measure (1978)
-
Hawaii Independent Counsel Appointed to Grand Juries, Amendment 2 (1978)
-
Hawaii Jury Numbers and Civil Case Amounts, Amendment 1 (1978)
-
Idaho Mandatory Minimum Sentences, HJR 6 (1978)
-
Michigan Proposal B, Time Required for Parole Initiative (1978)
-
Michigan Proposal K, Denial of Bail Amendment (1978)
-
Mississippi Court Defendant Rights, Amendment 6 (1978)
-
Nebraska Amendment 6, Add Sexual Assault as a Non-Bailable Offense Measure (1978)
-
New Hampshire Change of Venue in Criminal Trial Amendment (1978)
-
Oklahoma State Question 525, Parole Requirements Amendment (1978)
-
Oregon Measure 8, Require Separate Sentencing and Death Penalty for Murders Initiative (1978)
1977
1976
-
Georgia Amendment 25, Board of Pardons and Paroles Procedures Measure (1976)
-
Nevada Question 4, Suspended Sentences by State Courts Amendment (1976)
1975
1974
-
California Proposition 7, Revisions to State Constitution’s Declaration of Rights Amendment (1974)
-
Colorado Amendment No. 2, Require Death Penalty for Certain Class One Felonies Amendment (1974)
1973
-
New York Amendment 2, Felony Trials Amendment (1973)
-
Rhode Island Proposal 3, Require Grand Jury Indictment for Crimes Punishable by Death or Imprisonment for Life Amendment (1973)
1972
-
California Proposition 17, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1972)
-
California Proposition 19, Personal Use of Marijuana Initiative (1972)
-
Connecticut Question 1, Jury Makeup and Attorneys' Rights to Peremptory Challenges Amendment (1972)
-
Georgia Amendment 7, Board of Pardons and Paroles Amendment (1972)
-
Michigan Proposal A, Trial by a Jury of Less Than 12 Amendment (August 1972)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Juvenile Court Districts Amendment (May 1972)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Right of Appeal Amendment (1972)
-
Oregon Measure 5, Minimum Jury Size of Six Amendment (1972)
-
Utah Proposition 2, Allow Denial of Bail for Certain Felony Cases Amendment (1972)
1971
1970
-
Alaska Proposition 5, Correctional Facilities Bond Measure (1970)
-
Illinois Abolition of Death Penalty Amendment (December 1970)
-
Louisiana Bail Amendment (1970)
-
South Carolina Amendment on Penal Institutions, Amendment 4 (1970)
1968
-
Hawaii Counsel for Indigents, Amendment 6 (1968)
-
Hawaii Regarding Bail, Amendment 5 (1968)
-
Louisiana Bail Amendment (1968)
-
Louisiana First Offender Pardon Amendment (1968)
-
Massachusetts Question 6, Permit Death Penalty Advisory Question (1968)
-
Nebraska Amendment 9, Board of Parole Amendment (1968)
-
Oklahoma State Question 459, Modify Jury Trial Rules Amendment (September 1968)
1967
1966
-
Colorado Referred Law No. 2, Abolition of Death Penalty Measure (1966)
-
Idaho Six Man Jury, SJR 6 (1966)
1965
-
Alabama District Attorney, Amendment 5 (1965)
-
Maine Question 5, Boys' Training Center, State Prison and Stevens School Bond Measure (1965)
1964
-
Alabama County Juries, Amendment 5 (1964)
-
Oregon Measure 1, Abolition of Death Penalty Amendment (1964)
-
South Dakota Referred Law 1, Native American Reservation Jurisdiction (1964)
-
Washington Referendum 13, Juvenile Correctional Institution Bond Measure (1964)
1961
1960
1958
1955
1952
-
Michigan Proposal 1, Allow Narcotics Seized Without Warrant or Arrest as Criminal Evidence Amendment (1952)
-
South Dakota Amendment B, Board of Pardons Measure (1952)
1950
-
Florida Amendment 1, Juvenile Court System Amendment (1950)
-
Maryland Jury as Judges of Law and Fact, Amendment 5 (1950)
-
Michigan Proposal 3, Declare Subversion a Crime and Restrict Free Speech Defense Amendment (1950)
-
Nevada Question 3, Criminal Sentencing Amendment (1950)
-
North Carolina Allow Individuals to Waive Indictment Proceedings in Non-Capital Cases Amendment (1950)
1948
-
Michigan Proposal No. 6, Procedures for Foreign Agencies Operating in Michigan Referendum (1948)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 304-305, Establish State Boys' Camp Near Timber Measure (1948)
-
Utah Grant Legislature Power to Form the Grand Jury Amendment (1948)
1944
-
Oklahoma State Question 309, Pardon and Parole Board Amendment (July 1944)
-
Virginia Board for the Review of Capital Punishment, Reprieves, and Pardons Amendment (1944)
1940
1939
1937
1936
-
Michigan Proposal 1, Allow Evidence from Weapon Seizures Outside Dwellings in Criminal Cases Amendment (1936)
-
Nevada State Question 1, Suspension of Sentences and Pardons Amendment (1936)
-
Nevada State Question 2, Jury Trial Waivers and Jury Size Amendment (1936)
1935
1934
-
Florida Amendment 4, Criminal Trial Procedures Amendment (1934)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 302-303, Criminal Trials Without Juries Amendment (May 1934)
1933
1932
1931
1930
1922
1920
-
California Proposition 7, Vivisection Prohibition Initiative (1920)
-
Nebraska Amendment 1, Jury Verdicts Amendment (September 1920)
-
Nebraska Amendment 24, Age Requirements for Industrial Schools Amendment (September 1920)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 304-305, Permit Death Penalty for First Degree Murder Amendment (May 1920)
1918
1916
1915
1914
-
Arizona Measure Nos. 308-309, Abolition of Death Penalty Initiative (1914)
-
California Proposition 18, Wild Game Sale Referendum (1914)
-
California Proposition 41, Miscarriage of Justice Amendment (1914)
-
Colorado Measure 6, Probation for Minors and First Offenders Initiative (1914)
-
Nebraska Amendment 2, Jury Verdict Requirement Amendment (1914)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 334-335, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (1914)
1912
-
Colorado Measure 12, Contempt of Court Definition Initiative (1912)
-
Nevada State Question 4, Indictments and Criminal Proceedings Amendment (1912)
-
New Hampshire Certain Cases Tried by Police, Question 10 (1912)
-
Ohio Abolition of the Death Penalty Amendment (September 1912)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 366-367, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (1912)
1911
1904
1903
1902
1894
1874
Alabama
- Alabama Amendment 1, Allow Judges to Deny Bail for Certain Weapon Discharges and Solicitation, Attempt, or Conspiracy to Commit Murder Amendment (May 2026) - On the ballot
-
Alabama Amendment 3, Notice to Victim's Family Required for Commutation or Reprieve of Death Sentences Amendment (2022)
-
Alabama Barbour County Trial Fee Amendment (1994)
-
Alabama County Juries, Amendment 5 (1964)
-
Alabama District Attorney, Amendment 5 (1965)
-
Alabama Guilty Pleas, Amendment 3 (1996)
Alaska
-
Alaska Measure 2, Marijuana Possession Criminalization Initiative (1990)
-
Alaska Measure 5, Marijuana Decriminalization Initiative (2000)
-
Alaska Proposition 5, Correctional Facilities Bond Measure (1970)
Arizona
- Arizona Designate Drug Cartels as Terrorist Organizations and Require State DHS to Address Threats Measure (2026) - On the ballot
-
Arizona Measure Nos. 102-103, Permit Death Penalty by Lethal Gas Amendment (1933)
-
Arizona Measure Nos. 300-301, Abolition of Death Penalty Initiative (1916)
-
Arizona Measure Nos. 306-307, Require Life Imprisonment or Death Penalty for First-Degree Murder Convictions Initiative (1918)
-
Arizona Measure Nos. 308-309, Abolition of Death Penalty Initiative (1914)
-
Arizona Proposition 101, Felony and Capital Offense Bail Restrictions Amendment (1982)
-
Arizona Proposition 102, Jurisdiction of Juveniles Amendment (1996)
-
Arizona Proposition 103, Expansion of Non-Bailable Offenses Amendment (2002)
-
Arizona Proposition 103, Require Lethal Injection for Death Penalty Amendment (1992)
-
Arizona Proposition 104, Confinement of Minors as Adults Amendment (1980)
-
Arizona Proposition 200, Controlled Substances Criminal Justice and Medical Prescription Changes Initiative (1996)
-
Arizona Proposition 301, Methamphetamine Offenses Initiative (2006)
-
Arizona Proposition 313, Life Imprisonment for Sex Trafficking of a Child Measure (2024)
-
Arizona Proposition 314, Immigration and Border Law Enforcement Measure (2024)
California
-
California Proposition 114, Reclassification of Peace Officers Covered by the Death Penalty Measure (June 1990)
-
California Proposition 17, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1972)
-
California Proposition 18, Permit Death Penalty or Life Sentence for Lying in Wait First Degree Murder Measure (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 18, Wild Game Sale Referendum (1914)
-
California Proposition 19, Increased Criminal Punishment for Murder of Police Officer Measure (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 19, Personal Use of Marijuana Initiative (1972)
-
California Proposition 194, Employed Prisoners Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits Upon Release Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 195, Permit Death Penalty or Life Sentence for Certain First-Degree Murders Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 196, Death Penalty or Life Imprisonment for Drive-by Shooting Murders Measure (March 1996)
-
California Proposition 20, Criminal Sentencing, Parole, and DNA Collection Initiative (2020)
-
California Proposition 21, Treatment of Juvenile Offenders Initiative (March 2000)
-
California Proposition 211, Laws Governing Retirement Savings Securities Fraud Initiative (1996)
-
California Proposition 213, Limit Drunk Drivers and Felons' Abilities to Sue for Damages in Accidents Initiative (1996)
-
California Proposition 222, Sentencing for Second Degree Murder of Police Officers Measure (June 1998)
-
California Proposition 25, Replace Cash Bail with Risk Assessments Referendum (2020)
-
California Proposition 34, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (2012)
-
California Proposition 35, Ban on Human Trafficking and Sex Slavery Initiative (2012)
-
California Proposition 36, Changes to Three Strikes Sentencing Initiative (2012)
-
California Proposition 36, Drug and Theft Crime Penalties and Treatment-Mandated Felonies Initiative (2024)
-
California Proposition 36, Probation and Treatment for Drug-Related Offenses Initiative (2000)
-
California Proposition 41, Miscarriage of Justice Amendment (1914)
-
California Proposition 47, Reduced Penalties for Some Crimes Initiative (2014)
-
California Proposition 57, Parole for Non-Violent Criminals and Juvenile Court Trial Requirements (2016)
-
California Proposition 6, Gang-Related Crimes, Law Enforcement Spending, and Parolee Caseload Initiative (2008)
-
California Proposition 62, Abolition of Death Penalty Measure (2016)
-
California Proposition 66, Changes to Three Strikes Criminal Sentencing Law Initiative (2004)
-
California Proposition 66, Death Penalty Procedures Measure (2016)
-
California Proposition 67, Second-Degree Murder of a Peace Officer Measure (June 1988)
-
California Proposition 7, Expand Death Penalty and Life Imprisonment for Murders Initiative (1978)
-
California Proposition 7, Revisions to State Constitution’s Declaration of Rights Amendment (1974)
-
California Proposition 7, Vivisection Prohibition Initiative (1920)
-
California Proposition 83, Jessica's Law Sex Offender Penalties and Restrictions Initiative (2006)
-
California Proposition 9, Criminal Appeals Amendment (October 1911)
-
California Proposition 9, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2008)
-
California Proposition 96, Disease Testing Requirement Initiative (1988)
Colorado
-
Colorado Amendment I, Remove Right to Bail in First Degree Murder Cases Amendment (2024)
-
Colorado Amendment No. 2, Require Death Penalty for Certain Class One Felonies Amendment (1974)
-
Colorado Measure 12, Contempt of Court Definition Initiative (1912)
-
Colorado Measure 6, Probation for Minors and First Offenders Initiative (1914)
- Colorado Penalties for Fentanyl Sale and Possession Initiative (2026) - On the ballot
-
Colorado Proposition 128, Parole Eligibility Initiative (2024)
-
Colorado Referred Law No. 2, Abolition of Death Penalty Measure (1966)
- Colorado Require Life in Prison for Sexual Trafficking of a Minor Measure (2026) - Potential
Connecticut
-
Connecticut Question 1, Jury Makeup and Attorneys' Rights to Peremptory Challenges Amendment (1972)
-
Connecticut Question 1, Removal of Grand Jury Probable Cause Requirement for Capital Offenses Amendment (1982)
Florida
-
Florida Amendment 1, Juvenile Court System Amendment (1950)
-
Florida Amendment 1, Permit Death Penalty For Capital Crimes Amendment (2002)
-
Florida Amendment 11, Repeal Prohibition on Aliens' Property Ownership, Delete Obsolete Provision on High-Speed Rail, and Repeal of Criminal Statutes' Effect on Prosecution Amendment (2018)
-
Florida Amendment 2, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1998)
-
Florida Amendment 3, Pre-Trial Release Amendment (1982)
-
Florida Amendment 4, Criminal Trial Procedures Amendment (1934)
-
Florida Amendment 6, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights, Judicial Retirement Age, and Judicial Interpretation of Laws and Rules Amendment (2018)
-
Florida Criminal Trial Costs Amendment (October 1894)
-
Florida Parole Commission Amendment (1940)
Georgia
-
Georgia Amendment 19, Compensation for Crime Victims Measure (1978)
-
Georgia Amendment 2, Mandatory Sentences and Restrictions on Pardons and Paroles Amendment (1994)
-
Georgia Amendment 25, Board of Pardons and Paroles Procedures Measure (1976)
-
Georgia Amendment 4, Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (2018)
-
Georgia Amendment 6, Hearings During Judicial Vacation Measure (June 1939)
-
Georgia Amendment 7, Additional Court Penalties Measure (1988)
-
Georgia Amendment 7, Board of Pardons and Paroles Amendment (1972)
-
Georgia Amendment 9, Criminal Penalty Assessments Measure (1978)
Hawaii
-
Hawaii Counsel for Indigents, Amendment 6 (1968)
-
Hawaii Criminal Charges Procedure Amendment, Question 4 (2004)
-
Hawaii Criminal Hearings, Amendment 1 (1982)
-
Hawaii Felony Prosecutions by Written Information Act, Question 3 (2002)
-
Hawaii Independent Counsel Appointed to Grand Juries, Amendment 2 (1978)
-
Hawaii Information on Sex Offenders, Question 2 (2004)
-
Hawaii Jury Numbers and Civil Case Amounts, Amendment 1 (1978)
-
Hawaii Regarding Bail, Amendment 5 (1968)
-
Hawaii Sexual Assault Crime Amendment, Question 1 (2004)
-
Hawaii Sexual Assault Crimes Against Minors Act, Amendment 4 (2006)
Idaho
-
Idaho Mandatory Minimum Sentences, HJR 6 (1978)
-
Idaho Six Man Jury, SJR 6 (1966)
-
Idaho State Prison Control Amendment, SJR 102 (2012)
-
Idaho Waiver of Jury Trial, SJR 112 (1982)
Illinois
-
Illinois Abolition of Death Penalty Amendment (December 1970)
-
Illinois Bail Amendment (1986)
-
Illinois Criminal Defendants' Right to Meet Witnesses, Amendment 1 (1994)
-
Illinois Denial of Bail for Offenses Punishable by Life Imprisonment Amendment (1982)
-
Illinois Marsy's Law Crime Victims' Bill of Rights Amendment (2014)
Indiana
- Indiana Bailable Offenses and Substantial Risk Standard Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
-
Indiana Criminal Appeals Process, Proposition 2 (1988)
-
Indiana Criminal Appeals Process, Public Question 1 (2000)
Iowa
- Iowa Allow Limits on the Right to Confront Witnesses in Court Amendment (2028) - Potential
-
Iowa Offenses Tried Without a Jury, Amendment 2 (1998)
Kentucky
-
Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 1, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2020)
-
Kentucky Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
Louisiana
-
Louisiana Amendment 2, Unanimous Jury Verdict for Felony Trials Amendment (2018)
-
Louisiana Amendment 3, Legislative Authority to Determine Crimes for Trying Juveniles as Adults Amendment (March 2025)
-
Louisiana Automatic Pardon, Amendment 8 (October 1999)
-
Louisiana Bail Amendment (1968)
-
Louisiana Bail Amendment (1970)
-
Louisiana Bail Denial, Amendment 6 (October 1998)
-
Louisiana First Offender Pardon Amendment (1968)
-
Louisiana Jury Requirements, Amendment 14 (October 1998)
-
Louisiana Juvenile Trial Amendment (1979)
-
Louisiana Juvenile Tried as Adult Amendment (October 1994)
-
Louisiana Removal of Public Employees from Employment, Amendment 4 (2002)
Maine
-
Maine Constitutional Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Pardon Power for Juvenile Delinquency Amendment (September 1955)
-
Maine Question 5, Boys' Training Center, State Prison and Stevens School Bond Measure (1965)
Maryland
-
Maryland General Assembly Power to Suspend Sentences, Amendment 3 (1915)
-
Maryland Jury as Judges of Law and Fact, Amendment 5 (1950)
-
Maryland Removal of Cases from Court, Question 3 (1980)
Massachusetts
-
Massachusetts Question 2, Permit Death Penalty Amendment (1982)
-
Massachusetts Question 6, Permit Death Penalty Advisory Question (1968)
-
Massachusetts Question 8, Drug Treatment Trust Fund and Expanded Court-Monitored Treatment Programs Initiative (2000)
Michigan
-
Michigan Define Murder in the First Degree and Require Death Penalty by Electrocution Referendum (April 1931)
-
Michigan Indeterminate Sentences Amendment (1902)
-
Michigan Proposal 1, Allow Evidence from Weapon Seizures Outside Dwellings in Criminal Cases Amendment (1936)
-
Michigan Proposal 1, Allow Narcotics Seized Without Warrant or Arrest as Criminal Evidence Amendment (1952)
-
Michigan Proposal 2, Search Warrant for Electronic Data Amendment (2020)
-
Michigan Proposal 3, Declare Subversion a Crime and Restrict Free Speech Defense Amendment (1950)
-
Michigan Proposal A, Trial by a Jury of Less Than 12 Amendment (August 1972)
-
Michigan Proposal B, Ability to Appeal Criminal Convictions Amendment (1994)
-
Michigan Proposal B, Time Required for Parole Initiative (1978)
-
Michigan Proposal K, Denial of Bail Amendment (1978)
-
Michigan Proposal No. 6, Pardons and New Trials Amendment (1932)
-
Michigan Proposal No. 6, Procedures for Foreign Agencies Operating in Michigan Referendum (1948)
Minnesota
-
Minnesota Abolish Grand Jury, Amendment 2 (1904)
-
Minnesota Amendment 3, Allowing Juries for Civil and Nonfelony Cases Amendment (1988)
Mississippi
Missouri
-
Missouri Amendment 10, Supreme Court Review of Life Imprisonment Measure (1982)
-
Missouri Evidence in Sexual Crimes Against Minors, Amendment 2 (2014)
Montana
-
Montana Anti-Intimidation, I-123 (1996)
-
Montana C-48, Search Warrant for Electronic Data Amendment (2022)
-
Montana Criminal Law Basis, C-33 (1998)
-
Montana Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Initiative, CI-116 (2016)
Nebraska
-
Nebraska Amendment 1, Authorize Legislature to Enforce Dispute Resolution Measure (May 1996)
-
Nebraska Amendment 1, Jury Verdicts Amendment (September 1920)
-
Nebraska Amendment 2, Jury Verdict Requirement Amendment (1914)
-
Nebraska Amendment 24, Age Requirements for Industrial Schools Amendment (September 1920)
-
Nebraska Amendment 3, Imprisonment for Fraud Debt Measure (May 1998)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Authorize Executive and Judicial Departments to Supervise Parolees Measure (2006)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Juvenile Court Districts Amendment (May 1972)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Repeal Exceptions to Habeas Corpus Measure (May 1998)
-
Nebraska Amendment 4, Right of Appeal Amendment (1972)
-
Nebraska Amendment 6, Add Sexual Assault as a Non-Bailable Offense Measure (1978)
-
Nebraska Amendment 9, Board of Parole Amendment (1968)
-
Nebraska Referendum 426, Death Penalty Measure (2016)
Nevada
-
Nevada Question 1, Expansion of Bail Denial Amendment (1980)
-
Nevada Question 1, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
-
Nevada Question 3, Criminal Sentencing Amendment (1950)
-
Nevada Question 3, Sentencing in Lower Trial Courts Amendment (1982)
-
Nevada Question 4, Prevention of Granting Parole Amendment (1982)
-
Nevada Question 4, Suspended Sentences by State Courts Amendment (1976)
-
Nevada State Question 1, Suspension of Sentences and Pardons Amendment (1936)
-
Nevada State Question 2, Jury Trial Waivers and Jury Size Amendment (1936)
-
Nevada State Question 4, Indictments and Criminal Proceedings Amendment (1912)
New Hampshire
-
New Hampshire Certain Cases Tried by Police, Question 10 (1912)
-
New Hampshire Certain Cases Tried by Police, Question 5 (1903)
-
New Hampshire Change of Venue in Criminal Trial Amendment (1978)
-
New Hampshire Jury Size Amendment, Question 2 (1992)
New Jersey
New Mexico
-
New Mexico Ballot Proposal: Restriction of Bail for the Convicted (1988)
-
New Mexico Changes in Regulations Governing Bail, Constitutional Amendment 1 (2016)
-
New Mexico Referendum: Limiting Bail in Certain Circumstances (1980)
-
New Mexico Referendum: Requirements to Require a Grand Jury (1980)
New York
-
New York Amendment 10, Bribe Charges Amendment (1874)
-
New York Amendment 2, Felony Trials Amendment (1973)
-
New York Amendment 3, Defendants in Criminal Trials Amendment (1937)
North Carolina
-
North Carolina Allow Individuals to Waive Indictment Proceedings in Non-Capital Cases Amendment (1950)
-
North Carolina Criminal Defendant May Waive Jury Trial Amendment (2014)
-
North Carolina Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2018)
-
North Carolina Recognized Punishments for Crimes Amendment (1996)
North Dakota
Ohio
-
Ohio Abolition of the Death Penalty Amendment (September 1912)
-
Ohio Issue 1, Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Initiative (2017)
-
Ohio Jurisdiction of Death Penalty Appeals Amendment (1994)
Oklahoma
-
Oklahoma State 446, Authorization for Legislatively Established Pardon and Parole Board Amendment (May 1967)
-
Oklahoma State Question 309, Pardon and Parole Board Amendment (July 1944)
-
Oklahoma State Question 401, Criminal Prosecution Location Amendment (September 1961)
-
Oklahoma State Question 459, Modify Jury Trial Rules Amendment (September 1968)
-
Oklahoma State Question 482, Required Testifying and Provided Immunity Amendment (December 1971)
-
Oklahoma State Question 525, Parole Requirements Amendment (1978)
-
Oklahoma State Question 576, Petitions for Grand Juries Amendment (1984)
-
Oklahoma State Question 593, Parole for Convicts Sentenced to Death or Life Imprisonment Amendment (1986)
-
Oklahoma State Question 612, Denial of Bail Amendment (1988)
-
Oklahoma State Question 623, Modifying Jury Trials Amendment (August 1990)
-
Oklahoma State Question 664, Legislative Mandate for Minimum Prison Sentence for Parole Amendment (August 1994)
-
Oklahoma State Question 776, Allow State to Impose Death Penalty Amendment (2016)
-
Oklahoma State Question 794, Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (2018)
Oregon
- Oregon Changes to Pretrial Release for Persons Accused of Felonies and Class A Misdemeanors Initiative (2026) - Potential
-
Oregon Measure 1, Abolition of Death Penalty Amendment (1964)
-
Oregon Measure 10, Require Two-Thirds Legislative Vote to Reduce Voter-Approved Criminal Sentences Initiative (1994)
-
Oregon Measure 4, Eliminate Parole for Certain Felons Initiative (1988)
-
Oregon Measure 4, Repeal of Capital Punishment Amendment (1958)
-
Oregon Measure 5, Minimum Jury Size of Six Amendment (1972)
-
Oregon Measure 53, Property Forfeiture Related to Crimes Amendment Amendment (May 2008)
-
Oregon Measure 57, Prison Sentences for Certain Drug and Property Crimes Measure (2008)
-
Oregon Measure 6, Permit Death Penalty for Aggravated Murder Initiative (1984)
-
Oregon Measure 7, Require Death Penalty by Lethal Injection for Aggravated Murder Initiative (1984)
-
Oregon Measure 71, Crime Victims' Rights and Pretrial Release Amendment (1999)
-
Oregon Measure 73, Minimum Criminal Sentence Increase Initiative (2010)
-
Oregon Measure 8, Require Separate Sentencing and Death Penalty for Murders Initiative (1978)
-
Oregon Measure 94, Repeal of Certain Mandatory Minimum Sentences Initiative (2000)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 302-303, Criminal Trials Without Juries Amendment (May 1934)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 304-305, Establish State Boys' Camp Near Timber Measure (1948)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 304-305, Permit Death Penalty for First Degree Murder Amendment (May 1920)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 334-335, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (1914)
-
Oregon Measure Nos. 366-367, Abolition of the Death Penalty Initiative (1912)
Pennsylvania
-
Pennsylvania Criminal Proceedings and Criminal Defendant Rights Amendment (1995)
-
Pennsylvania Joint Resolution 2, Commonwealth's Right to Trial by Jury Amendment (1998)
-
Pennsylvania Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2019)
-
Pennsylvania Question 2, Changes to Board of Pardons Amendment (1997)
-
Pennsylvania Question 2, Voluntary Admission or Confession Amendment (1984)
Rhode Island
-
Rhode Island Bail, Proposal 3 (1984)
-
Rhode Island Proposal 3, Require Grand Jury Indictment for Crimes Punishable by Death or Imprisonment for Life Amendment (1973)
South Carolina
-
South Carolina Amendment on Penal Institutions, Amendment 4 (1970)
-
South Carolina Referendum 1B, No Bail for Persons Charged with Violent Crimes (1996)
South Dakota
-
South Dakota Amendment A, Allow for Suspension of Sentence After First Conviction Measure (1930)
-
South Dakota Amendment A, Criminal Defendant Right to Challenge Laws Measure (2002)
-
South Dakota Amendment B, Board of Pardons Measure (1952)
-
South Dakota Amendment C, Board of Pardons and Paroles Measure (1960)
-
South Dakota Constitutional Amendment Y, Changes to Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights Amendment (June 2018)
-
South Dakota Marsy's Law Crime Victim Rights, Constitutional Amendment S (2016)
-
South Dakota Referred Law 1, Native American Reservation Jurisdiction (1964)
Tennessee
- Tennessee Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
- Tennessee Remove Right to Bail for Certain Criminal Offenses Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
Texas
-
Texas Proposition 10, Inform Juries on Factors Affecting Time Served Amendment (1989)
-
Texas Proposition 13, Denial of Bail Amendment (2007)
-
Texas Proposition 14, State Criminal Appeals Rights Amendment (1987)
-
Texas Proposition 3, Bail Limitations Amendment (1977)
-
Texas Proposition 3, Denial of Bail for Certain Violent or Sexual Offenses Punishable as a Felony Amendment (2025)
-
Texas Proposition 4, Denial of Bail Amendment (2005)
-
Texas Proposition 5, Commitment of the Mentally Ill Amendment (August 1935)
Utah
-
Utah Grant Legislature Power to Form the Grand Jury Amendment (1948)
-
Utah Initiative B, Modify Forfeiture Law and Proceedings Measure (2000)
-
Utah Proposition 1, Allow Bail to Be Denied Persons Charged With a Serious Crime Amendment (1988)
-
Utah Proposition 2, Allow Denial of Bail for Certain Felony Cases Amendment (1972)
Virginia
-
Virginia Board for the Review of Capital Punishment, Reprieves, and Pardons Amendment (1944)
-
Virginia Question 4, State's Right to Appeal in Felony Cases Amendment (1986)
Washington
-
Washington Amendment to Article I Sec. 22, Trial Location for Offenses on Public Transport Amendment (1922)
-
Washington Increased Penalties for Crimes Against Vulnerable Individuals, Initiative 1501 (2016)
-
Washington Initiative 316, Require Death Penalty for Aggravated Murder Measure (1975)
-
Washington Initiative 593, Life Sentencing for Three Serious Offense Convictions Measure (1993)
-
Washington Judge Bail Authority Amendment, HJR 4220 (2010)
-
Washington Referendum 13, Juvenile Correctional Institution Bond Measure (1964)
Wisconsin
-
Wisconsin Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights Amendment (April 2020)
-
Wisconsin Question 1, Conditions of Release Before Conviction Amendment (April 2023)
-
Wisconsin Question 2, Conditions for Cash Bail Amendment (April 2023)
-
Wisconsin Question 2, Death Penalty for First Degree Murder Advisory Question (2006)
-
Wisconsin Question 3, Conditions for Cash Bail Amendment (April 1981)
Wyoming
See also
State & Local Ballot Measures
Ballotpedia
Campaigns
- • Campaign finance
- • Endorsements
- • Polls
Footnotes
State ballot measures
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