Early voting

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Early voting permits citizens to cast ballots in person at a polling place prior to an election. In states that permit no-excuse early voting, a voter does not have to provide an excuse for being unable to vote on Election Day. Some states allow voters to cast absentee ballots in person. States that allow in-person absentee voting without an excuse are counted below among no-excuse early voting states.

HIGHLIGHTS
  • As of April 2021, 39 states and the District of Columbia permitted no-excuse early voting. Another five states utilized all-mail voting systems, eliminating the need for early voting. For a full list of these states, see here.[1]
  • Proponents argue that early voting opportunities make the voting process more convenient for citizens, thereby increasing turnout and diversifying the electorate.
  • Critics argue that citizens who vote early may be more likely to make ill-informed decisions.
  • To see the arguments for and against early voting , click here.

    The most important step in voting is knowing where and when to vote. Ballotpedia is committed to making sure everyone who wants to vote, can vote. Check the list of states below to find the contact information for your state Election Commission or Secretary of State's office. This information can be used to find more information about signing up for early voting or finding your local polling place.

    Click here to see a comprehensive list of states that allow early voting.

    Click here to find the contact information for your state election commission or secretary of state.

    Click here for a list of upcoming election dates.

    Click here for a list of frequently asked questions and answers.

    Early voting by state

    As of April 2021, 39 states (plus the District of Columbia) permitted no-excuse early voting in some form:[1]

    States with all-mail voting

    See also: All-mail voting

    Five states – Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Utah, and Washington – conduct what are commonly referred to as all-mail elections. In these states, voting is conducted primarily, although not necessarily exclusively, by mail.

    Frequently asked questions

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    Support and opposition

    The following quotes briefly summarize arguments for and against early voting. See our page, Arguments for and against early voting, for detailed support and opposition arguments from a variety of sources.


    Arguments for and against early voting
    Support Opposition
    "Early voting eases Election Day congestion, leading to shorter lines and improved poll-worker performance. It allows election officials to correct registration errors and fix voting system glitches earlier. And polling has shown that early voting enjoys popular support. ... [S]tarting in 2011, lawmakers in some states have sought to cut back on early voting. In many cases, these reductions have targeted voting days used heavily in African-American communities, such as the last Sunday before the election, when churches organize 'souls to the polls' drives. States that cut back on early voting have faced lawsuits and some rulings that the changes were discriminatory."

    "Although voters may find early voting convenient, turnout data show that early voting may actually decrease turnout, not increase it. Early voting raises the costs of political campaigns, since expensive get-out-the-vote efforts must be spread out over a longer period of time. There is also no question that when voters cast their ballots weeks before Election Day, they do so without the same access to knowledge about the candidates and the issues as those who vote on Election Day. When there are late-breaking developments in campaigns that could be important to the choices made by voters, those who have voted early cannot change their votes."

    - Hans von Spakovsky of The Heritage Foundation (2017)[5]


    Early voting contact information

    Early voting contact information, 2020
    State Office Name Phone Number Email Website
    Alaska Division of Elections 907.270.2700 gov.webmaster@alaska.gov Click Here
    Arizona Arizona Secretary of State 602.542.8683 N/A Click Here
    Arkansas Arkansas Secretary of State 501.682.1010 scheduling@sos.arkansas.gov Click Here
    California California Secretary of State 916.653.6814 N/A Click Here
    District of Columbia District of Elections Board of Elections 202.727.2525 director@dcboe.org Click Here
    Delaware Delaware Department of Elections 302.739.4277 coe_vote@delaware.gov Click Here
    Florida Division of Elections 850.245.6200 DivElections@dos.myflorida.com Click Here
    Georgia Georgia Secretary of State 844.753.7825 N/A Click Here
    Hawaii Hawaii Office of Elections 808.453.8683 elections@hawaii.gov Click Here
    Idaho Idaho Secretary of State 208.334.2300 elections@sos.idaho.gov Click Here
    Illinois Illinois State Board of Elections 312.814.6440 acalvin@elections.il.gov Click Here
    Indiana Ohio Secretary of State 317.327.5100 elections@indy.gov Click Here
    Iowa Iowa Secretary of State 888.767.8683 sos@sos.iowa.gov Click Here
    Kansas Kansas Secretary of State 1.800.262.8683 sos@ks.gov Click Here
    Louisiana Louisiana Secretary of State 225.922.0900 N/A Click Here
    Maine Maine Bureau of Corporations, Elections, & Commissions 207.624.7736 N/A Click Here
    Maryland Maryland State Board of Elections 410.269.2840 info.sbe@maryland.gov Click Here
    Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 1.800.462.8683 elections@sec.state.ma.us Click Here
    Michigan Michigan Secretary of State 888.767.6424 N/A Click Here
    Minnesota Minnesota Secretary of State 1.877.600.8683 secretary.state@state.mn.us Click Here
    Montana Montana Secretary of State 1.888.884.8683 soselections@mt.gov Click Here
    Nebraska Nebraska Secretary of State 402.471.2554 N/A Click Here
    Nevada Nevada Secretary of State 775.684.5708 sosmail@sos.nv.gov Click Here
    New Jersey New Jersey Division of Elections 609.292.3760 feedback@sos.nj.gov Click Here
    New Mexico New Mexico Bureau of Elections 505.827.3600 sos.elections@state.nm.us Click Here
    New York New York Board of Elections 518.474.6220 info@elections.ny.gov Click Here
    North Carolina North Carolina Board of Elections 919.814.0700 elections.sboe@ncsbe.gov Click Here
    North Dakota North Dakota Secretary of State 701.328.2900 sos@nd.gov Click Here
    Ohio Ohio Secretary of State 614.466.2655 N/A Click Here
    Oklahoma Oklahoma State Election Board 405.521.2391 N/A Click Here
    Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Department of State 717.787.5280 RA-Elections@pa.gov Click Here
    Rhode Island Rhode Island Department of State 401.222.2340 elections@sos.ri.gov Click Here
    South Dakota South Dakota Secretary of State 605.773.3537 elections@state.sd.us Click Here
    Tennessee Tennessee Secretary of State 615.741.7956 N/A Click Here
    Texas Texas Secretary of State 800.252.8683 elections@sos.texas.gov Click Here
    Utah Utah Lieutenant Governor 801.538.1041 support@utah.gov Click Here
    Vermont Vermont Secretary of State 802.828.2363 elections@vermont.gov Click Here
    Virginia Virginia Department of Elections 804.864.8901 info@elections.virginia.gov Click Here
    West Virginia West Virginia Secretary of State 304.558.6000 elections@wvsos.gov Click Here
    Wisconsin Wisconsin Elections Commission 608.266.8005 elections@wi.gov Click Here
    Wyoming Wyoming Secretary of State 307.777.5860 elections@wyo.gov Click Here

    Upcoming election dates

    State District Description Date
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    Delaware Dover Dover municipal general election April 20, 2021
    Kansas Circle Unified School District 375 Special election April 20, 2021
    New Hampshire New Hampshire House of Representatives Merrimack 23 Special primary election for NH House Merrimack 23 April 20, 2021
    New Jersey Newark Public Schools General election April 20, 2021
    Virginia Virginia House of Delegates District 93 Republican convention for Virginia House of Delegates District 93 April 22, 2021
    Louisiana Louisiana Board of Elementary and Secondary Education District 4 Special general election to replace Tony Davis April 24, 2021
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    Louisiana Louisiana 2nd Circuit Court of Appeal 2nd District Special general for Louisiana 2nd Circuit Court of Appeal District 2 April 24, 2021
    Louisiana Louisiana House of Representatives District 82 Special election for District 82 in the Louisiana House of Representatives. April 24, 2021
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    Louisiana Louisiana District 5 Special general election for LA-05 (if needed) April 24, 2021
    Virginia Virginia House of Delegates District 7 Republican convention for Virginia House of Delegates District 7 April 24, 2021
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    Alabama Alabama State Senate District 14 Special election April 27, 2021
    Alabama Alabama House of Representatives District 73 Primary runoff election April 27, 2021
    Connecticut Connecticut House of Representatives District 145 Special election for CT House District 145 April 27, 2021
    Mississippi Jackson Jackson municipal primary run-off election April 27, 2021
    Virginia Virginia House of Delegates District 12 Republican convention for Virginia House of Delegates District 12 April 27, 2021
    Texas Everman Independent School District Everman Independent School District school board general election May 1, 2021
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    California California State Senate District 30 CA State Senate District 30 special general election May 4, 2021
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    Virginia Virginia House of Delegates District 46 Republican convention for Virginia House of Delegates District 46 May 15, 2021
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    Note: An election date on the above list may have been scheduled initially but later canceled due to a lack of candidates or a lack of races advancing to a runoff, if applicable.

    See also

    External links

    Additional reading

    Footnotes