Endorsements in Oklahoma school board elections, 2023

School Board Endorsements

2023

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Previous coverage: Conflicts in school board elections

Oklahoma held elections for 556 of the state's 2,366 school board seats in 2023.

While Oklahoma's school board elections are officially nonpartisan, Ballotpedia researched publicly-available voter files and candidate filing information to identify the partisan affiliation of candidates running in these elections.

Overall, of the 556 seats up for election:

• Registered Democrats won 24%
• Registered Republicans won 72%
• Registered independents or a minor party candidates won 4%

Those totals include uncontested and contested intra-party elections, which accounted for 79% and 14% of all seats up for election, respectively.

The remaining 7% of elections were between candidates with different partisan affiliations. Registered Democrats won 54% of these elections, followed by registered Republicans with 37%, and independents or minor party candidates with 10%.

This page includes other analyses of Oklahoma's school board elections, including open seats, incumbent defeat rates, and candidate demographic data.

Eighty percent of incumbents ran for re-election, leaving 20% of seats open, below the national average from Ballotpedia's coverage over the preceding five years.

Ninety-two percent of incumbents who ran for re-election won, but 82% ran unopposed. Of the 80 incumbents who faced opposition, 47% lost.

This report also includes a catalog of every endorsement identified, along with breakdowns among the groups that issued the most endorsements. Oklahomans for Public Education issued the most endorsements with eight, followed by Oklahomans for Health and Parental Rights with four, and Oklahoma 2nd Amendment Association with three.

Use the links below to navigate to:

• Election results
• Party performance
• Open seats
• Incumbents defeated
• Endorsement information and a full list of endorsements
• Candidate information, including average ages of candidates
• District information, including student-to-teacher ratios and partisan balance data
• Methodology

Election results

Oklahoma held 556 school board elections where at least one candidate was running in 2023. Every election was for a single school board seat.

• Registered Democrats won 131 seats (24%)
• Registered Republicans won 401 seats (72%)
• Registered independents or minor party candidates won 24 seats (4%)

The table below shows election results based on the party registration of the winning candidate. There were three types of elections:

• Uncontested, where there was no election on April 4;
• Contested intra-party, where there was a contested election on April 4 between two members of the same political party; and,
• Contested inter-party, where there was a contested election on April 4 between two members of different political parties.

Figures show how many seats were won by candidates with the given party registration.

Oklahoma school board election winners by party registration, 2023
Party	Uncontested		Contested intra-party		Contested inter-party		Total
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
Democrats	104	18.7%	5	0.9%	22	4.0%	131	23.6%
Republicans	315	56.7%	71	12.8%	15	2.7%	401	72.1%
Other	20	3.6%	0	0.0%	4	0.7%	24	4.3%
Total	439	79.0%	76	13.7%	41	7.4%	556

Uncontested elections

In Oklahoma, school board elections are canceled if candidates run uncontested. This can happen in one of two ways. If only one candidate runs for office, the election is canceled and that candidate automatically wins. If more than two candidates run, they participate in a primary, in which a candidate can win outright with more than 50% of the vote. In those cases, the subsequent general election is canceled.

In 2023, there were 439 uncontested elections, representing 79% of all seats up for election. Fourteen were decided in a primary, while 425 were uncontested from the start.

Contested intra-party elections

There were 76 contested intra-party elections, representing 14% of all seats up for election. Intra-party elections are contested elections, meaning at least one candidate must lose, but every candidate on the ballot has the same party registration.

Contested inter-party elections

There were 41 contested inter-party elections, representing 7% of all seats up for election. Inter-party elections are contested elections, meaning at least one candidate must lose, that feature candidates with different party registrations.

Registered Democrats won a majority of seats in contested inter-party elections (53.7%), followed by registered Republicans (36.6%), and independents or candidates registered with a minor party (9.8%).

Click on the tab below to view full Oklahoma election results

Show more

The spreadsheet below shows results from Oklahoma's April 4 general elections. The leftmost columns show district names, the offices up for election within those districts, and the number of seats up for election within those offices.

Winning and defeated candidates are shown under their respective columns and are highlighted based on their ideological lean as determined by the endorsements they received. Learn more about endorsements in Oklahoma's school board elections here.

• Blue highlights indicate a liberal ideological lean
• Red highlights indicate a conservative ideological lean
• Purple highlights indicate a mixed ideological lean
• Dark gray highlights indicate the candidate received only neutral or unclear endorsements
• Light gray highlights indicate Ballotpedia identified no endorsements for the candidate

This list does not include candidates who withdrew or those who were defeated in primaries.

Incumbents are marked with a dark gray square to the right of their name.

Party performance

This section displays win and loss rates for candidates by their party registration, showing how they performed in contested elections featuring candidates registered with some other party.

In these 41 contested general elections:

• 33 candidates registered as Democrats ran, 22 of whom (67%) won;
• 37 candidates registered as Republicans ran, 15 of whom (41%) won; and,
• 12 candidates registered as independents or minor party ran, four of whom (33%) won.

Party performance in contested Oklahoma school board elections, 2023
Party	Candidates	Won		Lost
		#	%	#	%
Democratic	33	22	66.7%	11	33.3%
Republican	37	15	40.5%	22	59.5%
Other	12	4	33.3%	8	66.7%

Incumbency

Open seats

Of the 556 seats up for election, 447 incumbents (80%) ran for re-election, meaning 109 seats (20%) were open. This open seat rate was below average compared to Ballotpedia's regular coverage scope over the preceding five years.

Between 2018 and 2022, on average, Ballotpedia recorded a 29% open seat rate within its regular coverage scope.

Overall, candidates filed to run in 490 districts in 2023. Of that total, 385 districts (79%) had no open seats, 15 (3%) had some open seats, and, in 90 (18%), all seats were open.

Incumbents defeated

Of the 447 incumbents who ran for re-election, 410 (92%) won, and 37 (8%) lost. Four incumbents lost in primaries held on Feb. 14, and the remaining 33 incumbents lost in general elections. This overall loss rate was below average compared to Ballotpedia's regular coverage scope over the preceding five years.

Between 2018 and 2022, on average, Ballotpedia recorded a 16% overall loss rate within its regular coverage scope.

In total, 367 incumbents (82%) were uncontested in the general election, more than double the 36% rate of unopposed incumbents typically seen in Ballotpedia's school board coverage.

The percentage of incumbents defeated increases to 46% when looking only at the 80 incumbents who ran in contested elections, those where an incumbent could have lost. This contested loss rate was above average compared to Ballotpedia's regular coverage scope over the preceding five years.

Between 2018 and 2022, on average, Ballotpedia recorded a 26% contested loss rate within its regular coverage scope.

Overall, candidates filed to run in 490 districts in 2023. Of that total, no incumbents lost in 363 districts (74%), some incumbents lost in seven districts (1%), and all incumbents lost in 30 districts (6%). There were 90 districts (18%) where no incumbents ran for re-election.

Endorsements

Top endorsers

The table below shows the eight endorsers in Oklahoma who endorsed more than one candidate running in the general election. It includes a hoverable column with information about each endorser, the number of candidates they endorsed, and the number of endorsees who won. Each of these endorsers only made endorsements in contested elections.

Top Oklahoma school board endorsers, 2023
Endorser	Info	Endorsees	Results
			Won	%	Lost	%
Oklahomans for Public Education	About	8	6	75.0%	2	25.0%
Oklahomans for Health and Parental Rights	About	4	0	0.0%	4	100.0%
Oklahoma 2nd Amendment Association	About	3	0	0.0%	3	100.0%
Moms for Liberty, Tulsa County	About	2	0	0.0%	2	100.0%
Tulsa County Republican Party	About	2	0	0.0%	2	100.0%
Awake Oklahoma	About	2	0	0.0%	2	100.0%
Tulsa School Board member E'Lena Ashley	About	2	0	0.0%	2	100.0%
State Supt. Ryan Walters (R)	About	2	0	0.0%	2	100.0%

Top endorsees

There were eight candidates in general elections who received more than one endorsement. The table below lists those candidates, the offices they ran for, the total number of endorsements they received based on the partisan lean of the endorser, and their election results. Incumbents are marked with (i).

Top Oklahoma school board endorsees, 2023
Candidate	District	Endorsers			Result
		Liberal	Conservative	Other
Jared Buswell	Tulsa Public Schools	0	27	0	Lost
Julie Bentley	Bixby Public Schools	0	9	0	Lost
Stacey Woolley (i)	Tulsa Public Schools	5	0	2	Won
Kathleen Kennedy	Norman Public Schools	2	2	1	Lost
Judy Mullen Hopper (i)	Putnam City Schools	4	1	0	Won
Jerry Childs	Edmond Public Schools	0	3	0	Lost
Jamie Underwood (i)	Edmond Public Schools	1	0	1	Won
Annette Price	Norman Public Schools	2	0	0	Won

Full endorsements list

The table below lists all endorsements identified by Ballotpedia among Oklahoma school board candidates in 2023. The list is sorted alphabetically by district name. Click the headers to adjust sorting or use the search bar to look for specific districts, candidates, or endorsers. If a source link is not functioning properly, all links were archived with the Internet Archive if possible.

Candidate information

Candidate ages

In Oklahoma, candidates report their age when filing to run for office. Oklahoma's publicly-available voter file also provides birthdates for every voter on the list.

In Oklahoma:

• The average school board candidate was 50 years old
  • The average incumbent who ran for re-election was 51 years old
  • The average non-incumbent was 46 years old
• The average election winner was 50 years old

Figures show how many seats were won by candidates within the given age range.

Oklahoma school board election winners by age range, 2023
Age range	Uncontested		Contested		Total
	#	%	#	%	#	%
18-24	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%
25-34	24	4.3%	7	1.3%	31	5.6%
35-44	145	26.1%	43	7.7%	188	33.8%
45-54	146	26.3%	33	5.9%	179	32.2%
55-64	79	14.2%	20	3.6%	99	17.8%
65-74	38	6.8%	10	1.8%	48	8.6%
75+	7	1.3%	3	0.5%	10	1.8%
Total	439	79.0%	117	21.0%	556

The graphic below shows a distribution of all school board candidates by age range.

Oldest and youngest candidates

The table below lists the 10 youngest and oldest candidates who ran in Oklahoma's school board elections in 2023. It also includes their age according to candidate filing and voter file information, the district where they ran, whether the general election was contested or uncontested, and their election results. Incumbents are marked with (i).

Ten youngest and oldest Oklahoma school board candidates, 2023
Candidate	Age	District	Status	Result
Youngest candidates
Josh Thompson	20	Canute Public Schools	N/A	Lost primary
Kini Vaughn	20	Norman Public Schools	N/A	Lost primary
Brayden Hunt	27	Western Heights Public Schools	Cont.	Won general
Chance Martin (i)	29	Antlers Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general
Kendra Houston	29	Geary Public Schools	Cont.	Won general
Landen Gipson (i)	29	Gans Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general
Logan Rea	29	Wilburton Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general
Trent Boles (i)	30	Asher Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general
Taylor Couch	30	Sequoyah Public Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Andy Anglen (i)	30	Belfonte Public School	Uncont.	Won general
Oldest candidates
Scott Canfield	86	Oologah-Talala Public Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Phyllis Crosswell (i)	86	Earlsboro Public Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Sydney C. Holt (i)	84	Greenville Public School	Uncont.	Won general
Carl Stevens	83	Elmore City-Pernell Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Glenda Fenimore (i)	81	Middleberg Public School	Cont.	Lost general
Nancy Fields (i)	81	Marble City Public School	Uncont.	Won general
Jerry A. Plumley	80	Wanette Public Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Jerry Thomas Whatley	80	Empire Public Schools	Cont.	Lost general
Clifford Brown (i)	80	Atoka Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general
Charles A. Howard (i)	79	Roland Public Schools	Uncont.	Won general

District information

Student-to-teacher ratio

The map below displays the student-to-teacher ratio in all Oklahoma school districts. Hover for additional district characteristics.

Partisan balance

Using publicly-available voter registration information, Ballotpedia calculated the partisan balance of 507 of Oklahoma's 510 school districts. Based on this research:

• Registered Democrats make up a majority of voters in eight school districts and a plurality in 21.
• Registered Republicans make up a majority of voters in 413 districts and a plurality in 64.
• There is one district—Terral Public School— that is evenly divided between registered Democrats and Republicans.

Use the links in the table below to view the 10 school districts in Oklahoma with the largest percentage of either Democratic or Republican voters or with the largest percentage of voters registered as independents or with a minor party.

Methodology

Terms and definitions

Descriptive endorsements

This research focuses on descriptive endorsements, those that help describe the stances or policy positions of a candidate. This is based on the assumption that endorsers tend to endorse candidates holding one or multiple positions that align with those of the endorser. If an endorser's positions are not readily apparent, their endorsements are not considered descriptive endorsements.

Examples of endorsers whose endorsements might be considered descriptive include political parties, issue-based organizations with clear policy stances, unions, current or former elected officials, and current or former party officers.

Apart from this section, any mention of endorsements refers to descriptive endorsements.

Endorser

An endorser is an individual or organization that has made a descriptive endorsement. Examples of which include, but are not limited to:

Individuals:

• Elected or former partisan officials
• Current or former party officers
• Individuals associated with a clear policy stance

Organizations:

• Unions
• Issue-based organizations with clear policy stances
• Political parties

Process

Identifying endorsements

Ballotpedia gathers endorsements using four primary methods:

• Submissions: Readers can submit endorsement information to Ballotpedia directly using this link. Ballotpedia staff reviews all submitted information daily to determine whether it warrants inclusion. Reader-submitted endorsements must include a link to a source verifying the endorsement to be included.

• Candidate Connection Surveys: Candidates who complete Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey are asked to share any endorsements they have received. Any submitted endorsements will appear in the candidate's survey responses. Ballotpedia staff also reviews every survey with endorsement information to determine whether those submissions include descriptive endorsements to add to our overall tracking process. Candidates are invited to submit links to sources for their endorsements, but this is not required.

• Outreach: Ballotpedia staff contacts endorsers directly to request endorsement lists. At the start of the election cycle, every endorser will receive an email requesting information. Ballotpedia staff also contacts endorsers to clarify information and, if we see they have endorsed one candidate, to determine whether they have also endorsed others.

• Direct research: Ballotpedia staff conducts direct research, regularly checking all identified endorsers and relevant news media in each state. This research might also include looking at specific districts or candidates where endorsement activity appears likely.

Recording endorsements

Once an endorsement has been identified, it is recorded along with the date it was made (if known), a link to the source of the endorsement, and the date Ballotpedia staff learned of the endorsement. If possible, Ballotpedia archives every web source used to identify an endorsement.

For every recorded endorsement, Ballotpedia staff prepare a brief summary of the endorser. For individuals, this might include the party they are affiliated with, their statements regarding a particular policy, or their electoral history. For organizations, this might include the standards by which they issue endorsements, their mission statement, or any other statements regarding a particular policy. When available, Ballotpedia uses direct quotes from endorsers in these summaries, which appear beside each endorsement to provide added context to readers.

Labeling

After identifying an endorsement, Ballotpedia applies a partisan ideology label based on the policies the endorser supports or affiliation with other partisan organizations. Those labels are:

• Liberal: the endorser is either affiliated with the Democratic Party, supports traditionally liberal education policies, or opposes traditionally conservative education policies without also opposing traditionally liberal policies.
• Conservative: the endorser is either affiliated with the Republican Party, supports traditionally conservative education policies, or opposes traditionally liberal education policies without also opposing traditionally conservative policies.
• Neutral: the endorser is not affiliated with either major party and does not take specific policy stances, supportive or otherwise, examples of which include local newspapers.
• Unclear: the endorser would be of interest to voters, but Ballotpedia could not identify a partisan ideology, examples of which include former school board members.

As part of this analysis, Ballotpedia then uses the labels applied to endorsers to determine the partisan ideology of the endorsed candidate. Those resulting candidate ideology labels are:

• Liberal: the candidate received an endorsement from a liberal endorser and none from conservative endorsers.
• Conservative: the candidate received an endorsement from a conservative endorser and none from liberal endorsers.
• Mixed: the candidate received endorsements from liberal and conservative endorsers.
• Other: the candidate received endorsements from either neutral or unclear endorsers and none from liberal or conservative endorsers.

While candidates can receive a mixture of endorsements, primacy is given to liberal and conservative endorsements. For example, if a candidate received endorsements from liberal and neutral endorsers, their ideology label would be liberal.

Timing

Ballotpedia tracks and gathers endorsement information throughout the election cycle. If a district holds primary elections, endorsements are only added on-site after the primary date.

Voter registration

While most school board elections are officially nonpartisan, meaning candidates appear on the ballot without party labels, the state makes voter registration information publicly available. Ballotpedia used this information to identify each candidate's party registration in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota. Note: a candidate's party registration status does not necessarily indicate the candidate's personal ideologies. Many voters register to vote with one party and later find themselves more aligned with another party but do not update their registration as such. Understanding that their registration information is effectively public, voters may also choose a certain registration or affiliate with no party, with that in mind.

Ballotpedia first compared candidate names and school districts to the publicly available voter file to tie candidates with their party registration. The associated voter information was logged if the candidate’s name only appeared once in the school district. If the candidate’s name appeared multiple times in a single school district, Ballotpedia looked at each voter file entry to match the registration address with other identifiable information associated with the candidate. This method accounted for all duplicate entries.

If a candidate was registered under a different name than the one they filed to run with (i.e. registered as Robert Smith but running as Bob Smith), Ballotpedia used a variety of methods to pinpoint the candidate’s voter file information including:

• Looking for every person with the same last name as the candidate in the school district;
• Identifying known associates (i.e. children, spouses), and using public records to determine if any households had changed addresses;
• Utilizing publicly available social media information; or,
• A mixture of these three approaches.

Labeling

After identifying an endorsement, Ballotpedia applies a partisan ideology label based on the policies the endorser supports or affiliation with other partisan organizations. Those labels are:

• Liberal: the endorser is either affiliated with the Democratic Party or supports traditionally liberal education policies.
• Conservative: the endorser is either affiliated with the Republican Party or supports traditionally conservative education policies.
• Neutral: the endorser is not affiliated with either major party and does not take specific policy stances, examples of which include local newspapers.
• Unclear: the endorser would be of interest to voters, but Ballotpedia could not identify a partisan ideology, examples of which include former school board members.

As part of this analysis, Ballotpedia then uses the labels applied to endorsers to determine the partisan ideology of the endorsed candidate. Those resulting candidate ideology labels are:

• Liberal: the candidate received an endorsement from a liberal endorser and none from conservative endorsers.
• Conservative: the candidate received an endorsement from a conservative endorser and none from liberal endorsers.
• Mixed: the candidate received endorsements from liberal and conservative endorsers.
• Other: the candidate received endorsements from either neutral or unclear endorsers and none from liberal or conservative endorsers.

While candidates can receive a mixture of endorsements, primacy is given to liberal and conservative endorsements. For example, if a candidate received endorsements from liberal and neutral endorsers, their ideology label would be liberal.

Voter registration

While Oklahoma's school board elections are officially nonpartisan, meaning candidates appear on the ballot without party labels, the state makes voter registration information publicly available. Ballotpedia used this information to identify each candidate's party registration. Note: a candidate's party registration status does not necessarily indicate the candidate's personal ideologies. Many voters register to vote with one party and, later on, find themselves more aligned with another party but do not update their registration as such.

To tie candidates with their party registration, Ballotpedia first compared candidate names and school districts to the publicly available voter file. If the candidate’s name only appeared once in the school district, the associated voter information was logged. If the candidate’s name appeared multiple times in a single school district, Ballotpedia looked at each voter file entry to match the registration address with the address used by the candidate when filing to run for office. If no address could be found, Ballotpedia then compared the birth date in the voter file to the age of the candidate provided by the state. This method accounted for all duplicate entries.

If a candidate was registered under a different name than the one they filed to run with (i.e. registered as Robert Smith but running as Bob Smith), Ballotpedia used a variety of methods to pinpoint the candidate’s voter file information including:

• Looking for every person with the same last name as the candidate in the school district;
• Matching the candidate filing precinct and address information with voter file data;
• Identifying known associates (i.e. children, spouses), and using public records to determine if any households had changed addresses; or,
• A mixture of these three approaches.

Before tying a candidate to a voter file using these methods, Ballotpedia verified that the birth date in the voter file matched the candidate's age as provided by the state.

Using these methods, Ballotpedia identified the party registration information for 711 of the 712 school board candidates in Oklahoma in 2023.

Elections by county

Navigate to Oklahoma 2023 local elections overviews:

Adair | Alfalfa | Atoka | Beaver | Beckham | Blaine | Bryan | Caddo | Canadian | Carter | Cherokee | Choctaw | Cimarron | Cleveland | Coal | Comanche | Cotton | Craig | Creek | Custer | Delaware | Dewey | Ellis | Garfield | Garvin | Grady | Grant | Greer | Harmon | Harper | Haskell | Hughes | Jackson | Jefferson | Johnston | Kay | Kingfisher | Kiowa | Latimer | Le Flore | Lincoln | Logan | Love | Major | Marshall | Mayes | McClain | McCurtain | McIntosh | Murray | Muskogee | Noble | Nowata | Okfuskee | Oklahoma | Oklahoma City | Okmulgee | Osage | Ottawa | Pawnee | Payne | Pittsburg | Pontotoc | Pottawatomie | Pushmataha | Roger Mills | Rogers | Seminole | Sequoyah | Stephens | Texas | Tillman | Tulsa | Wagoner | Washington | Washita | Woods | Woodward

See also

• Endorsements in school board elections, 2023
• School board elections, 2023

Footnotes

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