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Florida state legislative special elections, 2017

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In 2017, four special elections were called to fill vacant seats in the Florida Legislature. All four vacant seats were filled.

A special election to fill a vacancy in Florida State Senate District 40 took place on September 26, 2017. The seat became vacant following the resignation of incumbent Frank Artiles (R) after he used a racial slur in front of two black state senators.

The September 26 special election featured Democrat Annette Taddeo, Republican Jose Felix Diaz, and independent Christian "He Man" Schlaerth. Taddeo won the election and flipped the seat from Republican to Democratic control.

The election occurred in a district with divided political loyalties, having voted for Hillary Clinton (D) for president and a Republican for state Senate in 2016. Read more on this special election below.

House special elections called:

Senate special elections called:

How vacancies are filled in Florida


If there is a vacancy in the Florida State Legislature, a special election must be called to fill the vacant seat.[1] The governor is responsible for calling the election and must consult with the secretary of state to set the election dates and nominating deadlines.[2] The person elected to fill the seat serves for the remainder of the unexpired term.[3]

DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: Florida Stat. § 100.101

About the legislature

The Florida Legislature is the state legislature of Florida. The Florida Constitution mandates a bicameral legislature, consisting of the lower Florida House of Representatives, with 120 members, and the Florida State Senate, with 40 members. Due to term limits, House members may be elected for up to four terms (eight years), while State Senators can be elected for up to two terms (eight years).

Partisan breakdown

The boxes below show the partisan composition of both chambers directly before and after the most recent general elections prior to 2017. For the most up-to-date numbers on partisan composition in this legislature, see here (Senate) and here (House).

Florida State Senate
Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
     Democratic Party 14 15
     Republican Party 26 25
Total 40 40
Florida House of Representatives
Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
     Democratic Party 38 41
     Republican Party 81 79
     Vacancy 1 0
Total 120 120

Special elections

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September 26, 2017

October 10, 2017

December 19, 2017

Political context of the Senate District 40 special election

The special election to fill State Senate District 40 did not the change the partisan control of the chamber. However, the July 25 primary featured three candidates who had previously been elected to the Florida Legislature and one candidate who previously ran for lieutenant governor and Congress. Moreover, it occurred in a district with divided political loyalties, having voted for Hillary Clinton (D) for president and a Republican for state Senate in 2016.

District background and demographics

Map of District 40 before the 2015 redraw

In 2015, the district lines for District 40 were shifted due to a court-ordered redrawing of the state Senate district maps. Because of this, the 2017 special election was only the second election held inside the new District 40 lines.

Following the 2012 redistricting cycle that was based on the results of the 2010 Census, District 40 captured most of South Miami, extending up into the downtown area and edging east toward Miami Beach. In September 2012, the League of Women Voters of Florida filed suit, saying that the entire state Senate district map that was passed in March 2012 violated a 2010 constitutional amendment prohibiting the drawing of district lines to create a partisan advantage or deny racial or language minorities "the equal opportunity to participate in the political process and elect representatives of their choice." The amendment also required that districts be contiguous and use existing political boundaries, such as city and county lines, when possible. In December 2015, Circuit Court Judge George Reynolds approved a new map that was used in the 2016 elections.

Map of District 40 following the 2015 redraw

The new District 40 boundaries were moved westward, cutting into territory formerly occupied by most of Senate District 37 and a small portion of Senate District 39. As of June 2017, the boundaries took up much of the area southwest of Miami, including parts of Kendall, Florida.

The new District 40 is 67 percent Hispanic, 17 percent non-Hispanic white, and 8 percent non-Hispanic black.[31] By comparison, the former District 37 was 80.6 percent Hispanic, 12.1 percent non-Hispanic white, and 4.6 percent non-Hispanic black.[32] The former District 39 was 38.8 percent Hispanic, 36.2 percent non-Hispanic black, and 22.6 percent non-Hispanic white, although the overlap between it and the redrawn District 40 was small.[33]

Before it was redrawn in 2015, District 37 was represented by Anitere Flores (R), who was elected in 2012. The former District 39 was represented by Dwight Bullard (D) prior to the 2016 elections.



Political history of District 40

Between its creation in 2015 and 2017, District 40 saw two major political events: the 2016 election and the resignation of state Senator Frank Artiles (R). District 40 also has divided political loyalties, making the 2017 special election a competitive race.

Partisan lean

Going into the 2017 special election, the partisan lean of District 40 was unclear. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) defeated Donald Trump (R) in the presidential election by a 17 point margin, Marco Rubio (R) defeated Patrick Murphy (D) in the U.S. Senate election by a four point margin, and Frank Artiles (R) defeated Dwight Bullard (D) in the state Senate election by nearly 10 points. As of May 2017, the partisan breakdown of the district's voters was 35 percent Democratic and 32 percent Republican, leaving 33 percent as either non-affiliated or supporting third parties.[34]

2016 election

The first state Senate election in the newly drawn District 40 was held in 2016. The Democratic primary featured Dwight Bullard, the incumbent senator from the former District 39, Ana Rivas Logan, who had represented nearby state House District 114 as a Republican from 2010 to 2014, and candidate Andrew Korge. Bullard won the Democratic primary and faced District 118 Rep. Frank Artiles (R), who was unopposed in the Republican primary, in the general election. Artiles won the general election by a 50.6 percent to 40.7 percent margin, with nonpartisan candidate Mario Jimenez picking up 8.7 percent of the vote. Hillary Clinton (D) defeated Donald Trump (R) in the district's presidential vote by a margin of 57 percent to 40 percent.[35] Marco Rubio (R) defeated Patrick Murphy (D) in the district's vote for U.S. Senate by a margin of 51 percent to 47 percent.[34]

Artiles resignation

Artiles resigned his state Senate seat on April 21, 2017. His resignation was prompted by an exchange on April 17 with two of his black colleagues, state senators Audrey Gibson (D) and Perry Thurston (D), where he used a racial slur and referred to Gibson as a "b----."[36]

In the days following the exchange, Florida Senate President Joe Negron (R) and Johanna Cervone, a spokeswoman for the Florida Democratic Party, released statements that were critical of Artiles. On April 20, there were protests in Artiles' district over the exchange. Several of the protesters called on Artiles to resign, including Bullard.[37]

Following Artiles' resignation, Florida Gov. Rick Scott (R) called for a special election to fill his seat.

2017 special election

The 2017 special election did not change the partisan control of the Florida State Senate. However, the Democratic victory reduced the Republican advantage to 24-16 going into the 2018 elections, where Republicans defended 14 seats.

This section provides details on the Democratic and Republican primary elections held on July 25 and the special election held on September 26.

September 26 special election

The special election featuring Annette Taddeo (D), Jose Felix Diaz (R), and independent Christian "He Man" Schlaerth was held on September 26, 2017. Taddeo won the election.

A poll conducted in June 2017 by the Florida Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee found that Taddeo would have a 42-38 percent lead over Diaz in a special election match-up.[38]

On July 26, the Republican State Leadership Committee, a national Republican organization with a mission of electing Republicans at the state level, donated $100,000 to the Florida Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee to support Diaz in the special election.[39]

On August 3, the Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee, a national Democratic organization aiming to elect Democrats at the state level, announced that it was designating the District 40 race as a spotlight race and would donate $150,000 in support of Taddeo.[40]

On August 13, CBS Miami hosted a debate between Taddeo and Diaz. The policy areas discussed included healthcare, firearms, and charter schools. Watch the full debate here.

Both candidates temporarily suspended their campaigns in September 2017 when Hurricane Irma hit southern Florida and caused damage in the Miami area.[41]

On September 13, Florida Democratic Party Chairman Stephen Bittel asked Gov. Scott to delay the election for two weeks due to the impact of Hurricane Irma, which knocked out power in parts of Miami-Dade County. Scott declined to delay the election, saying he was following the recommendation of Miami-Dade Supervisor of Elections Christina White.[42][43]

On September 17, Taddeo and Diaz were featured on the show, This Week in South Florida. The main topic discussed was the state's response to Hurricane Irma. Watch the full debate here.

As of September 25, about 30,700 early voting ballots had been returned by mail. According to the Miami-Dade County Supervisor of Elections office, about 14,200 ballots came from Republicans, 10,700 came from Democrats, and 5,800 came from unaffiliated voters. About 4,560 voters had cast in-person ballots at early voting locations.[44]

Campaign advertisements

On August 9, Taddeo released a television advertisement critical of Diaz's relationship with President Donald Trump (R) and of Republican efforts to replace the Affordable Care Act. As of August 16, there were no television advertisements released in support of Jose Felix Diaz.

Jose Felix Diaz and Donald Trump

In August 2017, a Spanish radio advertisement that was critical of Taddeo was released by the Florida Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee. The advertisement criticized Taddeo, who was born in Colombia, for supporting a peace accord between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC. It also criticized her performance in an interview with a radio host sympathetic to deceased Cuban President Fidel Castro, said she supported a property-tax increase, and said her language translation company opened an office in China, a claim that Taddeo denied.[45]

On August 23, Politico reported that Diaz's campaign sent out a mailer where U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R) indicated his support for him.[46]

On September 21, Taddeo's campaign announced that she had been endorsed by former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and that he had recorded a 50-second robocall where he indicated his support for her.[47]

Democratic super PAC Priorities USA Action aided Taddeo with digital campaigning in the final days of the special election. According to Axios, "Priorities USA worked as a digital team for the Florida Democratic Party, deploying three types of ads: 'positive' messages about Taddeo's platform; 'Trump' that said things like 'A vote against Diaz is a vote against Trump'; and 'vote early' ads."[48]

Campaign finance for September 26 election

These figures are current as of October 25, 2017.[49]

District 40 special election contributions and spending
Candidate Total Contributions Total Expenditures
Annette Taddeo $608,492.53 $308,888.62
Jose Felix Diaz $2,129,209.71 $1,099,693.72*
Christian "He Man" Schlaerth $4,682.48 $3,151.64
Total $2,742,384.72 $1,411,733.98

* As of October 25, 2017, Diaz's political committee Rebuild Florida had spent $1,842,098.97.

Political committees can also spend money in Florida elections. As of October 25, 2017, political committees had spent $4,168,126.70 in the District 40 race.

Endorsements

Annette Taddeo (D) received the following endorsements:

Jose Felix Diaz (R) received the following endorsements:

  • U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R)[46]
  • Florida Chamber of Commerce[55]
  • Florida Medical Association[56]
  • Florida Retail Federation[57]
  • Latino Builders Association[58]
  • National Federation of Independent Business[59]
  • Dade County Police Benevolent Association[60]
  • The Miami Herald[61][62]
  • Associated Industries of Florida[63]
Democratic primary

Annette Taddeo won the Democratic primary on July 25.

The primary featured two candidates who have previously run for office, Taddeo and Ana Rivas Logan. Steve Smith also filed to run, but he withdrew on June 6, 2017, after the Miami Herald reported that he had not been registered as a Democrat for at least a year before running, contradicting the oath he took when he filed to run. Smith endorsed Taddeo upon his withdrawal.[8] In July, a poll conducted by Democratic pollster Thomas Eldon of SEA Polling found that Taddeo had a 40 percent to 23 percent lead over Rivas Logan. 37 percent of the voters who were polled were undecided.[64]

Taddeo is a business owner who ran for lieutenant governor on Charlie Crist's (D) gubernatorial ticket in 2014 and competed in the Democratic primary in the 26th Congressional District election in 2016. She was defeated in both races. She also ran for Congress in 2008 and for the Miami-Dade County Commission in 2010, losing both of those races as well.[65] Taddeo was a superdelegate to the 2016 Democratic National Convention, where she supported Hillary Clinton.

Rivas Logan served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing District 114 from 2010 to 2012 as a Republican. In 2012, she ran in the Republican primary to represent House District 116, where she was defeated by Jose Felix Diaz. In 2014, she switched to the Democratic Party. Before serving in the Florida Legislature, she was on the Miami-Dade County School Board from 2004 to 2010.

Taddeo and Rivas Logan both responded to a questionnaire from The New Tropic asking for their positions on education, medical marijuana, and gun policy. Read Taddeo's answers here and Rivas Logan's answers here.

Campaign finance for Democratic primary

These figures are current as of July 24, 2017.[49] Updates to Annette Taddeo's contributions and expenditures for the September 26 special election are listed in the section above.

District 40 Democratic primary contributions and spending
Candidate Total Contributions Total Expenditures
Ana Rivas Logan $16,405.97 $10,790.39
Annette Taddeo $85,676.52 $59,618.15
Total $102,082.49 $70,408.54

Political committees can also spend money in Florida elections. As of July 24, 2017, political committees had spent almost $1.95 million in the District 40 race. The top spenders were the Jose Felix Diaz-aligned Rebuild Florida ($1,420,098.71), the anti-Annette Taddeo Floridians for Accountability ($184,350), and Sunshine State Conservatives ($60,976), which also donated to the Diaz campaign.[66][67][68]

Endorsements in Democratic primary

Annette Taddeo (D) received the following endorsements during the Democratic primary:

  • Equality Florida[69]
  • Community Newspapers[70]
  • Service Employees International Union[53]
  • American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees[53]
  • Democratic Progressive Caucus in Florida[71]
  • Steve Smith[8]
  • The Miami Herald[72]
Republican primary

State Rep. Jose Felix Diaz won the Republican primary on July 25.

The primary featured two experienced Miami Republicans, Diaz and former state legislator Alex Diaz de la Portilla, and political newcomer Lorenzo Palomares.

Diaz represented House District 116 and was first elected in 2010. In 2012, he defeated Ana Rivas Logan in the Republican primary. District 116 is slightly east of the new District 40, covering parts of west Miami. Diaz was the chair of the House Commerce Committee. On June 12, Diaz held a fundraiser that was attended by Speaker of the House Richard Corcoran (R), State Rep. Jose Oliva (R), and State Rep. Chris Sprowls (R).[73]

Diaz resigned his seat in the Florida House of Representatives on September 26, 2017, to run in the District 40 special election. A special election to fill his seat in District 116 was also held on September 26. Florida's resign-to-run law requires elected officials to resign their seats before seeking another office.

Alex Diaz de la Portilla served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1994 to 2000, and then in the Florida State Senate from 2000 to 2010, where he served as president pro tempore from 2002 to 2004 and majority leader from 2008 to 2010. He represented the former Senate District 37, which covered parts of the eastern side of the new District 40.[74] In 2012 he unsuccessfully ran for House District 112, losing to Democrat Jose Javier Rodriguez in the general election.[75] In May, Florida International University political scientist Dario Moreno conducted a poll that showed Diaz de la Portilla with a 48 percent to 12 percent lead over Diaz. Moreno's poll was paid for by the Diaz de la Portilla campaign.[76][77]

Palomares' professional experience includes working as an attorney in Miami. He was a Spanish-language surrogate for Donald Trump (R) in the 2016 presidential election.[78]

Campaign finance for Republican primary

These figures were current as of July 24, 2017.[49] Updates to Jose Felix Diaz's contributions and expenditures for the September 26 special election are listed in the section above.

Republican primary contributions and spending
Candidate Total Contributions Total Expenditures
Jose Felix Diaz $811,992.29 $736,434.72
Alex Diaz de la Portilla $496,250.00* $331,886.41
Lorenzo Palomares $85,900.00 $40,846.69
Total $1,394,142.29 $1,109,167.82

*Includes $443,500 in loans from Diaz de la Portilla[79]

Political committees can also spend money in Florida elections. As of July 24, 2017, political committees had spent almost $1.95 million in the District 40 race. The top spenders were the Jose Felix Diaz-aligned Rebuild Florida ($1,420,098.71), the anti-Annette Taddeo Floridians for Accountability ($184,350), and Sunshine State Conservatives ($60,976), which also donated to the Diaz campaign.[80][81][82]

Endorsements in Republican primary

Jose Felix Diaz (R) received the following endorsements during the Republican primary:

  • Florida Chamber of Commerce[83]
  • Florida Medical Association[84]
  • Florida Retail Federation[85]
  • Latino Builders Association[86]
  • National Federation of Independent Business[87]
  • Dade County Police Benevolent Association[88]
  • The Miami Herald[72]
  • Associated Industries of Florida[89]

Alex Diaz de la Portilla (R) received the following endorsements:

  • International Association of Fire Fighters[90]

Special elections throughout the country

See also: State legislative special elections, 2017

Between 2011 and 2016, an average of 70 special elections took place each year. A total of 25 states use special elections to fill legislative vacancies. In two other states—Illinois and Indiana—special elections are used in limited circumstances. The rest of the states fill vacancies either through appointments made by the governor of the state or by a commission made up of officials from the former member's party. In 2017, 98 state legislative seats were filled through special elections.

Breakdown of 2017 special elections

In 2017, special elections for state legislative positions were held for a variety of reasons:

  • 46 due to appointment, election, or the seeking of election to another position
  • 1 due to an ineligible general election candidate
  • 15 due to the incumbent accepting another job
  • 22 due to a retirement
  • 15 due to a death

The partisan breakdown for the special elections was as follows:

Impact of special elections on partisan composition

The table below details how many seats changed parties as the result of a special election. The number on the left reflects how many vacant seats were originally held by each party, while the number on the right shows how many vacant seats each party won in the special elections. It is not typical to see significant net changes in overall state legislative party composition because of special elections. In elections between 2011 and 2016, one party (either Republicans or Democrats) saw an average net gain of three seats across the country, although actual races won and lost by each party varied more. For instance, in 2015, Democrats lost nine seats to Republicans but won six different seats in other races, resulting in a net loss of three seats.

Note: This table reflects information for elections that were held and not total vacant seats.

Partisan Change from Special Elections
Party As of Special Election After Special Election
     Democratic Party 45 56
     Republican Party 53 42
     Independent - -
Total 98 98

Flipped seats

In total, 17 state legislative seats flipped party control in 2017. Democrats flipped 14 seats and Republicans flipped three seats as a result of special state legislative elections in 2017.

Seats flipped from D to R

Seats flipped from R to D

See also

Footnotes

  1. Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.101(2), Florida Election Code)
  2. Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.141 (1) (2), Florida Election Code)
  3. Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.111 (1) (a-c), Florida Election Code)
  4. Florida Department of State, Florida Election Watch," accessed July 25, 2017
  5. Florida Politics, "Jose Felix Diaz defeats Alex Diaz de la Portilla, will face Annette Taddeo in general election," July 25, 2017
  6. Florida Department of State, "Notice of Special Election for the Office of State Senate, District 40," accessed May 10, 2017
  7. SaintPetersBlog, "Jose Felix Diaz, six others qualify to run in SD 40 special election," May 31, 2017
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MIAMISMITH
  9. Florida Department of State, "Special Elections," accessed May 23, 2017
  10. Florida Politics, "Two Republicans, one Democrat qualify for HD 116 race," June 6, 2017
  11. Florida Department of State, Florida Election Watch," accessed July 25, 2017
  12. Florida Politics "Daniel Perez defeats Jose Mallea in HD 116 GOP primary," July 25, 2017
  13. Sunshine State News, "Jose Felix Diaz to resign from House as part of SD 40 bid," May 22, 2017
  14. Florida Politics, "Dates set for special election to replace Eric Eisnaugle in House," May 26, 2017
  15. Florida Department of State, "2017 Special Election - State Representative 44 Candidate Qualifying Memorandum, May 26, 2017
  16. Orlando Sentinel, "GOP primary set for Eisnaugle's House seat, Democrat unopposed," June 20, 2017
  17. Florida Politics, "Robert ‘Bobby O’ Olszewski wins HD 44 Republican special primary," August 15, 2017
  18. 18.0 18.1 Orlando Sentinel, "Democrat Paul Chandler withdraws from state House race," August 22, 2017
  19. 19.0 19.1 Orlando Sentinel, "Democratic state House candidate reconsiders dropping out of the race," August 25, 2017
  20. Florida Politics, "Democrat Paul Chandler withdraws from HD 44 special election," September 13, 2017
  21. FOX 35, "Democrat Dominguez to run in Florida House special election," September 20, 2017
  22. Orlando Rising, "Eric Eisnaugle makes House departure official," May 22, 2017
  23. 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Florida Politics, "Lawsuit seeks to invalidate Paul Chandler’s HD 44 candidacy, could jeopardize whole special election," August 9, 2017
  24. Orlando Sentinel, "Lawsuit seeks to disqualify Democrat candidate in House race," August 9, 2017
  25. Florida Politics, "Absentee ballots for HD 44 special election include Paul Chandler," August 28, 2017
  26. Florida Department of State, "Special elections," accessed August 2, 2017
  27. Florida Department of State, "Candidate Memo," accessed August 4, 2017
  28. Florida Department of State, "Candidate Listing for 2017 Special Election - House 58," accessed August 16, 2017
  29. Florida Election Watch, "State Representative, District 58," accessed December 20, 2017
  30. Tampa Bay Times, "Special election dates set for Hillsborough state House seat," August 1, 2017
  31. Politico, "State Rep. Diaz announces bid for Miami state Senate seat," May 9, 2017
  32. Statistical Atlas, "Race and Ethnicity in State Senate District 37, Florida," accessed June 21, 2017
  33. Statistical Atlas, "Race and Ethnicity in State Senate District 39, Florida," accessed June 21, 2017
  34. 34.0 34.1 Politico, "State Rep. Diaz announces bid for Miami state Senate seat," May 9, 2017
  35. Politico, "Bullard considering running again for state Senate following resignation of Artiles," April 21, 2017
  36. Tallahassee Democrat, "Sen. Frank Artiles to apologize for 'offensive' remarks," April 18, 2017
  37. CBS News, "Florida senator resigns amid outcry over racist remarks," April 21, 2017
  38. Miami Herald, "Democratic poll: Taddeo edges Diaz in Miami Senate matchup," July 26, 2017
  39. Florida Politics, "Cavalry already on its way to Jose Felix Diaz as RSLC commits $100K to SD 40 race," July 26, 2017
  40. Florida Politics, "DLCC designates SD 40 as ‘Spotlight Race,’ commits $150K to help Annette Taddeo," August 3, 2017
  41. Tampa Bay Times, "Taddeo, Diaz temporarily suspending Senate campaigns for Hurricane Irma," September 6, 2017
  42. Florida Politics, "Irma doesn’t turn off lights in SD 40 special election," September 15, 2017
  43. The Miami Herald, "Irma no obstacle to election. Early voting starts Saturday for two Miami-Dade races," September 14, 2017
  44. The Miami Herald, "Tuesday’s special election will determine new Miami-Dade lawmakers," September 25, 2017
  45. The Miami Herald, "Politics, Miami-style: Senate race ad casts Democrat as Castro apologist," August 18, 2017
  46. 46.0 46.1 Politico, Rubio mailer for Jose Felix Diaz," accessed August 23, 2017
  47. 47.0 47.1 The Miami Herald, "Joe Biden endorses Annette Taddeo with robocall to Miami-Dade voters," September 21, 2017
  48. Axios, "National progressive group goes local to help FL Dem win," September 27, 2017
  49. 49.0 49.1 49.2 Florida Department of State, "Campaign Finance Database," accessed July 20, 2017
  50. Miami Herald, "Taddeo fundraiser will feature former presidential candidate O'Malley," August 24, 2017
  51. Facebook "Equality Florida Action PAC," accessed June 22, 2017
  52. Community Newspapers, "Community Newspaper’s Choice for District 40," June 26, 2017
  53. 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 Florida Politics, "Annette Taddeo nabs two key union endorsements in SD 40 special election," June 27, 2017
  54. Florida Politics, "Democratic Progressive Caucus endorses Annette Taddeo in SD 40 special election," June 23, 2017
  55. Florida Politics, "Florida Chamber endorses Jose Felix Diaz in SD 40 race," June 20, 2017
  56. Florida Politics, "FMA PAC endorses Jose Felix Diaz in SD 40 special election," June 22, 2017
  57. EPR Retail News, "FLORIDA RETAIL FEDERATION SUPPORTS JOSE FELIX DIAZ FOR SENATE DISTRICT 40 IN SOUTH FLORIDA," July 7, 2017
  58. Twitter, "Jose Felix Diaz," July 3, 2017
  59. National Federation of Independent Business, "Small Business Endorses Diaz and Mallea in South Florida," June 29, 2017
  60. Twitter, "Jose Felix Diaz," June 29, 2017
  61. The Miami Herald, "Herald Recommends: Jose Felix Diaz, Daniel Anthony Perez are our choices in special elections," September 20, 2017
  62. Both Diaz and Taddeo were endorsed in their respective partisan primaries. Diaz received the general election endorsement.
  63. Associated Industries of Florida, "AIFPAC ENDORSES REPRESENTATIVE JOSE DIAZ IN SPECIAL PRIMARY ELECTION FOR SENATE DISTRICT 40," June 26, 2017
  64. Miami Herald, "Taddeo poll shows she has 17-point edge against Rivas-Logan but both remain unknown to many Dems," July 5, 2017
  65. Miami Herald, "Two women vie for votes to replace disgraced former Sen. Frank Artiles," July 5, 2017
  66. Miami Herald "Two more candidates enter Miami Senate race to replace Artiles," May 9, 2017
  67. Miami Herald "In final stretch, Democratic primary for Miami Senate seat gets heated," July 18, 2017
  68. Sunshine State Conservatives, Contributions and Expenditures," accessed July 24, 2017
  69. Facebook "Equality Florida Action PAC," accessed June 22, 2017
  70. Community Newspapers, "Community Newspaper’s Choice for District 40," June 26, 2017
  71. Florida Politics, "Democratic Progressive Caucus endorses Annette Taddeo in SD 40 special election," June 23, 2017
  72. 72.0 72.1 The Miami Herald, "The Herald recommends Annette Taddeo, Jose Felix Diaz in state Senate District. 40 primaries," July 11, 2017
  73. Florida Politics, "Annette Taddeo to host fundraiser for SD 40 race this week," June 5, 2017
  74. The Florida Senate "District Explorer," accessed June 22, 2017
  75. Sunshine State News, "Call It a Comeback: Alex Diaz de la Portilla Files to Run for SD 40 Special Election," May 3, 2017
  76. Florida Politics, "Poll: Alex Diaz de la Portilla leads Jose Felix Diaz, 48% to 12%, in SD 40," June 1, 2017
  77. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NAMEID
  78. Politico, "Trump consultant and Miami-Dade mayor’s son joins Lewandowski lobby shop," April 7, 2017
  79. Miami Herald "Diaz de la Portilla loans himself $443K in special Miami Senate campaign," July 22, 2017
  80. Miami Herald "Two more candidates enter Miami Senate race to replace Artiles," May 9, 2017
  81. Miami Herald "In final stretch, Democratic primary for Miami Senate seat gets heated," July 18, 2017
  82. Sunshine State Conservatives, Contributions and Expenditures," accessed July 24, 2017
  83. Florida Politics, "Florida Chamber endorses Jose Felix Diaz in SD 40 race," June 20, 2017
  84. Florida Politics, "FMA PAC endorses Jose Felix Diaz in SD 40 special election," June 22, 2017
  85. EPR Retail News, "FLORIDA RETAIL FEDERATION SUPPORTS JOSE FELIX DIAZ FOR SENATE DISTRICT 40 IN SOUTH FLORIDA," July 7, 2017
  86. Twitter, "Jose Felix Diaz," July 3, 2017
  87. National Federation of Independent Business, "Small Business Endorses Diaz and Mallea in South Florida," June 29, 2017
  88. Twitter, "Jose Felix Diaz," June 29, 2017
  89. Associated Industries of Florida, "AIFPAC ENDORSES REPRESENTATIVE JOSE DIAZ IN SPECIAL PRIMARY ELECTION FOR SENATE DISTRICT 40," June 26, 2017
  90. Twitter, "Alex DLP," July 2, 2017