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Florida state legislative special elections, 2025

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2025 State Legislative
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As of October, seven special elections have been called to fill vacant seats in the Florida State Legislature.

Click here to read more about the special elections.

Senate special elections called:

House special elections called:

How vacancies are filled in Florida


If there is a vacancy in the Florida State Legislature, a special election must be called to fill the vacant seat.[1] The governor is responsible for calling the election and must consult with the secretary of state to set the election dates and nominating deadlines.[2] The person elected to fill the seat serves for the remainder of the unexpired term.[3]

DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: Florida Stat. § 100.101

About the legislature

The Florida State Legislature is the state legislature of Florida. The Florida Constitution mandates a bicameral state legislature with an upper house, the Florida State Senate, and a lower house, the Florida House of Representatives. Due to term limits, House members may be elected for up to four terms (eight years), while State Senators can be elected for up to two terms (eight years).

The boxes below show the partisan composition of both chambers directly before and after the most recent general elections prior to 2025. For the most up-to-date numbers on partisan composition in this legislature, see here (Senate) and here (House).

Florida State Senate
Party As of November 5, 2024 After November 6, 2024
     Democratic Party 11 12
     Republican Party 28 28
     Vacancy 1 0
Total 40 40


Florida House of Representatives
Party As of November 5, 2024 After November 6, 2024
     Democratic Party 36 33
     Republican Party 84 86
     Vacancy 0 1
Total 120 120

Special elections

Click [show] to the right of the district name for more information:

June 10, 2025

September 2, 2025

December 9, 2025

Historical data

There were 1,007 state legislative special elections that took place from 2010 to 2024. Florida held 32 special elections during the same time period. The largest number of special elections in Florida took place in 2015 when five special elections were held.

The table below details how many state legislative special elections were held in a state in a given year.

Special elections throughout the country

See also: State legislative special elections, 2025

As of October 2025, 92 state legislative special elections have been scheduled for 2025 in 22 states. One special election has also been called to fill a vacancy in the Puerto Rico House of Representatives. Between 2011 and 2024, an average of 70 special elections took place each year.

Breakdown of 2025 special elections

In 2025, special elections for state legislative positions are being held for the following reasons:

  • 38 due to appointment, election, or the seeking of election to another position
  • 25 due to resignation
  • 14 due to redistricting
  • 14 due to the death of the incumbent
  • 1 due to the officeholder leaving at term end


Impact of special elections on partisan composition

The partisan breakdown for the special elections is as follows:


As of October 16th, 2025, Republicans controlled 55.39% of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held 43.65%. Republicans held a majority in 57 chambers, and Democrats held the majority in 39 chambers. Two chambers (Alaska House and Alaska Senate) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. One chamber (Minnesota House of Representatives) was split evenly between both parties.

Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats
Legislative chamber Democratic Party Republican Party Grey.png Other Vacant
State senates 831 1,119 5 18
State houses 2,393 2,972 20 28
Total: 3,224

4,091

25

46


The table below details how many seats changed parties as the result of a special election in 2025. The number on the left reflects how many vacant seats were originally held by each party, while the number on the right shows how many vacant seats each party won in the special elections.

Note: This table reflects information for elections that have been held and not the total number of vacant seats.

Partisan Change from Special Elections (2025)
Party As of Special Election After Special Election
     Democratic Party 50 26
     Republican Party 42 21
     Independent 0 1
Total 92 48

Flipped seats

In 2025, as of August 26, four seats have changed party hands as a result of state legislative special elections.


Seats that changed from D to I

Seats that changed from R to D



See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.101(2), Florida Election Code)
  2. ↑ Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.141 (1) (2), Florida Election Code)
  3. ↑ Florida Legislature, "2023 Florida Statutes," accessed January 23, 2024 (Statute 100.111 (1) (a-c), Florida Election Code)
  4. ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Notice of Special Election for the Office of State Senate, District 19," January 21, 2025
  5. ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Notice of Special Election for the Office of State Representative, District 3," January 21, 2025
  6. ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Notice of Special Election for the Office of State Representative, District 32," January 23, 2025
  7. ↑ Florida Department of State, "Notice of Special Election for the Office of State Senate, District 15," accessed April 14, 2025
  8. ↑ AP, "Florida state Sen. Geraldine Thompson dies at 76 after complications from knee replacement surgery," February 13, 2025
  9. ↑ Florida Department of State, "Candidates for 2025 Special Election for State Representative, District 40," accessed April 22, 2025
  10. ↑ Office of the Governor, "Executive Order Number 25-82," accessed April 22, 2025
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Florida Politics, "Governor sets Special Elections to replace Blaise Ingoglia, Joe Casello," July 23, 2025
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Florida Politics, "Governor sets Special Elections to replace Blaise Ingoglia, Joe Casello," July 23, 2025
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