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Impact of term limits on state senate elections in 2023

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Of the eight state legislative chambers that held elections in 2023, one senate chamber included incumbents who were unable to run for re-election due to term limits. Louisiana was the only state with term limits that had a general election in 2023. In the two legislative chambers affected by term limits in 2023, 144 seats were up for election.

There are 99 chambers throughout the country. In 31 legislative chambers across 16 states, state legislators are subject to term limits. In the United States, there are 1,973 state senate seats and 5,413 state house seats. 609 of the 1,973 state senate seats, or 30.9%, come with a limit. 1,462 of the 5,413 state house seats, or 27.0%, come with a limit. Of the total of 7,386 state legislative seats, 2,071 (28.0%) are limited.

HIGHLIGHTS
  • A total of seven state senators—two Democrats and five Republicans—were termed out in 2023. This represented 18% of the 39 seats up for election in the Louisiana State Senate.
  • Altogether, 22 state legislators—seven state senators and 15 state representatives—were ineligible to run in the 2023 elections because of term limits.[1]
  • Republicans had more state senators term-limited in 2023 compared to Democrats. A total of two Democrats and five Republicans were term-limited in 2023. In odd-numbered election years between 2011 and 2021, Democrats averaged four term-limited senators, while Republicans averaged six term-limited senators.
    • See also: Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2023 and State legislative elections, 2023

    Term-limited senators by state

    The map below shows the 16 states that use term limits for state legislators. Out of the 16 states, Louisiana was the only state to hold elections in 2023. Click on a state below to see the total number of termed-out state senators in 2023 as well as a breakdown of the partisan totals for the legislative chamber.

    Term-limited senators by year

    The table below displays the number of term-limited senators by year from 2010 through 2023.

    States

    Louisiana

    See also: Louisiana State Senate elections, 2023

    The Louisiana State Senate has been a term-limited state Senate since Louisiana voters approved Amendment 2 in 1995, as a legislatively referred constitutional amendment. The first year that the term limits enacted in 1995 impacted the ability of incumbents to run for office was 2007. Under Louisiana's term limits, state senators can serve no more than three four-year terms.[2]

    All 39 seats in the Louisiana State Senate were up for election in 2023. In the 2023 elections, seven senators were ineligible to run because of term limits. The following state senators were term-limited in 2023:

    Democrats (2):

    Republicans (5):

    See also

    Footnotes

    1. ↑ Some of the 22 term-limited state legislators in 2023 may have resigned before their term ends. These legislators were still counted in the total number of term-limited legislators in 2023.
    2. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Constitutional and Statutory Provisions for Term Limits," accessed February 10, 2021
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