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Laws governing the initiative process

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Laws governing ballot measures
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State
• Laws governing state initiative processes
• Laws governing state recall processes
• Changes to ballot measure law in 2025
• Difficulty analysis of changes to laws governing ballot measures
• Analysis of 2025 changes to laws governing ballot measures
Local
• Laws governing local ballot measures
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In the U.S., 26 states provide for a statewide initiative process, referendum process, or both. Washington, D.C. also has an initiative and referendum process. These types of ballot measures are known as citizen-initiated ballot measures.

  • The referendum process, also called a veto referendum or citizen's veto, allows citizens to collect signatures to ask voters whether to uphold or repeal an enacted law.

Laws governing the initiative process articles explain the process for placing an initiative on the ballot in each state that allows initiative and referendum.

Laws by state

States with an initiative process

States with a referendum process

Changes over time

See also

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