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List of candidates who ran in U.S. Congress elections, 2018

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The Republican Party held majorities in both chambers of the U.S. Congress entering the 2018 election. In the U.S. Senate, there were 23 Democratic seats, eight Republican seats, and two seats held by independents up for election in 2018. The Democratic Party needed to pick up two seats in the Senate in order to regain the majority they lost in 2014. All 435 seats in the U.S. House were up for election. In order to win the chamber, the Democratic Party needed to pick up 24 seats in 2018.

Click here for the list of all candidates who ran in the 2018 U.S. Congress elections. For a listing of all candidates who ran in 2016, click here.

U.S. House
Seats held by the Democratic Party 198
Seats held by the Republican Party 197
Vacancies 7
Open seats 54
Open seats currently held by the Democratic Party 16
Open seats currently held by the Republican Party 38
Seats held by the Republican Party and carried by Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016 23
Seats held by the Democratic Party and carried by Donald Trump (R) in 2016 12

U.S. Senate
Seats held by the Democratic Party (a) 40
Seats held by the Republican Party 48
Vacancies 1
Open seats 3
Open seats currently held by the Democratic Party 0
Open seats currently held by the Republican Party 3
Seats held by the Republican Party and carried by Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016 1
Seats held by the Democratic Party and carried by Donald Trump (R) in 2016 10

(a) - Does not include two independents who caucus with the Democrats

For additional coverage of 2018 elections, see the following articles:

Candidate breakdown

See also: Statistics on U.S. Congress candidates and incumbents, 2018

A full breakdown of candidates by party can be seen below:


Candidates by state

Click on the tabs below to see a listing of declared candidates for U.S. House and U.S. Senate elections in each state. The names are organized by chamber and party:

Alabama

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Alaska

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Arizona

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Arkansas

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

California

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

U.S. House

Democratic

  1. Douglas Applegate
  2. Mark DeSaulnier
  3. Nancy Pelosi
  4. Barbara Lee (California)
  5. Jackie Speier
  6. Eric Swalwell
  7. Jim Costa
  8. Anna Eshoo
  9. Zoe Lofgren
  10. Jared Huffman
  11. Jimmy Panetta
  12. Julia Brownley
  13. Judy Chu
  14. Adam Schiff
  15. Tony Cárdenas
  16. John Garamendi
  17. Brad Sherman (California)
  18. Pete Aguilar
  19. Grace Napolitano
  20. Ted Lieu
  21. Norma Torres
  22. Raul Ruiz
  23. Karen Bass
  24. Lucille Roybal-Allard
  25. Mark Takano
  26. Maxine Waters
  27. Nanette Barragán
  28. Lou Correa
  29. Alan Lowenthal
  30. Mike Thompson (California)
  31. Juan Vargas
  32. Scott Peters
  33. Susan Davis (California)
  34. Doris Matsui
  35. Ami Bera
  36. Jerry McNerney
  37. Patrick Malloy (California)
  38. Harley Rouda
  39. Mike Levin
  40. Katie Hill
  41. Katie Porter
  42. Dave Min
  43. Kia Hamadanchy
  44. Josh Butner
  45. Jess Phoenix
  46. Andrew Janz
  47. Stephen Jaffe
  48. Ammar Campa-Najjar
  49. Josh Harder
  50. Dotty Nygard
  51. Laura Oatman
  52. Hans Keirstead
  53. Regina Bateson
  54. TJ Cox
  55. Mai Khanh Tran
  56. Jimmy Gomez
  57. Wendy Reed
  58. Paul Kerr
  59. Raji Rab
  60. Gil Cisneros
  61. Sam Jammal
  62. Michael Kotick
  63. Marty Walters
  64. Omar Siddiqui
  65. Tony Zarkades
  66. Andy Thorburn
  67. Jessica Holcombe
  68. Roza Calderon
  69. Brian Forde
  70. Jessica Morse
  71. Ricardo Franco
  72. Virginia Madueno
  73. Joseph Shammas
  74. Ronald O'Donnell
  75. Sue Zwahlen
  76. Kaisar Ahmed
  77. Bobby Bliatout
  78. Jason Kishineff
  79. Jon Pelzer
  80. Julia Peacock
  81. John Nelson (California)
  82. Tatiana Matta
  83. Kurtis Wilson
  84. Khanh Tran (California)
  85. Marge Doyle
  86. Ryan Khojasteh
  87. Sara Jacobs
  88. Rachel Payne
  89. Norman Quintero
  90. Audrey Denney
  91. Douglas Deitch
  92. Rita Ramirez
  93. Michael Eggman
  94. Shahid Buttar
  95. Mary Helen Barro
  96. Aja Brown
  97. Suzi Park Leggett
  98. Robert Lawton
  99. David Peterson (California)
  100. Mary Pallant
  101. Herbert Lee (California congressional candidate)
  102. Deanie Schaarsmith
  103. Andy Caffrey
  104. Kevin Puett
  105. Jrmar Jefferson
  106. Dennis Lytton
  107. John Fitzgerald (California)
  108. Stephen Forbes
  109. Bryan Witt
  110. Sal Genovese
  111. Emory Rodgers
  112. Linda Sánchez
  113. Ricardo De La Fuente
  114. Joe Baca
  115. Brant John-Michael Williams
  116. Angélica María Dueñas
  117. Ro Khanna
  118. Salud Carbajal
  119. User:Maddy Salucka/Barbarasandbox

Republican

  1. Ron Bassilian
  2. Doug LaMalfa
  3. Jeff Denham
  4. David Valadao
  5. Devin Nunes
  6. Kevin McCarthy (California)
  7. Stephen Knight
  8. Tom McClintock
  9. Ken Calvert
  10. Mimi Walters
  11. Duncan Hunter
  12. Paul Cook (California)
  13. Antonio Sabato Jr.
  14. Ron Cohen (California)
  15. Andrew Grant
  16. Omar Qudrat
  17. Stelian Onufrei
  18. Yona Barash
  19. Justin Fareed
  20. Sean Flynn (California)
  21. Kenneth Wright (California)
  22. James Veltmeyer
  23. Johnny Nalbandian
  24. Shamus Sayed
  25. Jeffrey Burum
  26. Danny Casara
  27. Michael Erin Woody
  28. Edwin Duterte
  29. Aja Smith
  30. Frank DeMartini
  31. Scott Baugh
  32. Kimberlin Brown Pelzer
  33. Stephan Wolkowicz
  34. Michael Allman
  35. Dan Ball (California)
  36. Jeff Cullen
  37. John Horst
  38. Paul Martin (California)
  39. Joshua Schoonover
  40. Rocky Chávez
  41. Diane Harkey
  42. Andrew Sarega
  43. Shawn Nelson (California)
  44. Young Kim (California)
  45. Bob Huff
  46. Russell Lambert
  47. Gregory Cheadle
  48. Brian Maryott
  49. Kristin Gaspar
  50. Steve Vargas (California)
  51. David Clifford
  52. Beatrice Cardenas
  53. Craig Nordal
  54. Bill Wells
  55. Stacey Dash
  56. David Medway
  57. Mike Schmitt
  58. Christian Valiente
  59. Shastina Sandman
  60. Doug Hassett
  61. Mitchell White
  62. Marla Livengood
  63. Juan Hidalgo Jr.
  64. John Cullum
  65. Rudy Peters
  66. John Gabbard
  67. Morgan Murtaugh
  68. Phil Liberatore
  69. Dale Mensing
  70. Charlie Schaupp
  71. John Fitzgerald (California)
  72. Lisa Remmer
  73. Cristina Osmeña
  74. Elizabeth Heng
  75. Christine Russell
  76. James Davis (California)
  77. Benito Bernal
  78. Mark Reed (California)
  79. Robert Bentley (California)
  80. Ryan Downing
  81. John Briscoe
  82. Louis Fuentes
  83. John Renison Jr.
  84. Brett Goda
  85. Shawn Gino Kane
  86. Matt Mendoza
  87. Justin Aguilera
  88. Joshua Scott
  89. Virginia Fuller
  90. Joe Baca
  91. Dana Rohrabacher
  92. Ted Howze
  93. Tim Donnelly (California State Assembly)

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Colorado

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Connecticut

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Delaware

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Florida

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Georgia

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Hawaii

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Idaho

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Illinois

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Indiana

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Iowa

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Kansas

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Kentucky

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Louisiana

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Maine

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Maryland

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Massachusetts

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Michigan

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Minnesota

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Mississippi

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Missouri

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Montana

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Nebraska

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Nevada

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

New Hampshire

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

New Jersey

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

New Mexico

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

New York

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

15. [Scott Smith]http://sendmrsmith2018.com

North Carolina

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

North Dakota

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Ohio

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Oklahoma

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Oregon

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Pennsylvania

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

Rhode Island

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

South Carolina

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

South Dakota

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Tennessee

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Texas

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

  1. Vicente Gonzalez Jr.
  2. Sheila Jackson Lee
  3. Joaquin Castro
  4. Henry Cuellar
  5. Eddie Bernice Johnson
  6. Marc Veasey
  7. Filemon Vela (Texas U.S. representative)
  8. Lloyd Doggett
  9. Al Green (Texas)
  10. Kathi Thomas
  11. Colin Allred
  12. Elliott McFadden
  13. Tawana Cadien
  14. Adrienne Bell
  15. Chris Perri
  16. Derrick Crowe
  17. Linsey Fagan
  18. Christine Eady Mann
  19. Ed Meier
  20. Lorie Burch
  21. James Cargas
  22. Joshua Butler (Texas)
  23. Laura Moser
  24. Adam Bell
  25. George Rodriguez (congressional candidate)
  26. Lizzie Pannill Fletcher
  27. Todd Maternowski
  28. Jana Lynne Sanchez
  29. M.J. Hegar
  30. Joseph Kopser
  31. Jason Westin
  32. Todd Allen
  33. Dale Mantey
  34. Mary Wilson (Texas)
  35. Will Fisher
  36. Dayna Steele
  37. Levii Shocklee
  38. Todd Litton
  39. Gina Ortiz Jones
  40. Justin Snider
  41. Ruby Faye Woolridge
  42. Vanessa Adia
  43. Miguel Levario
  44. Jon Powell
  45. Jay Hulings
  46. Rick Treviño
  47. Sam Johnson (Plano Independent School District member)
  48. Brent Beal
  49. Shirley McKellar
  50. Dori Fenenbock
  51. Veronica Escobar
  52. Jennie Lou Leeder
  53. Kent Lester
  54. Lillian Salerno
  55. Judy Canales
  56. Mark Gibson (Texas)
  57. Mike Clark (Texas)
  58. Hector Morales (U.S. House Texas District 29 candidate)
  59. Medrick Yhap
  60. Levy Barnes Jr.
  61. Enrique Garcia
  62. Steven David (Texas)
  63. Greg Sagan
  64. Eric Holguin
  65. Ron Marshall (Texas)
  66. J. Darnell Jones
  67. Rick Kennedy
  68. John Carrillo
  69. Eric Pfalzgraf
  70. Chetan Panda
  71. Ali Khorasani
  72. Letitia Plummer
  73. John Biggan
  74. Ronnie McDonald
  75. Pedro Valencia
  76. Dominique Garcia
  77. Silky Malik
  78. Julie Oliver
  79. Roel Garcia (congressional candidate)
  80. Muhammad Javed
  81. H. P. Parvizian
  82. Tami Walker
  83. Mike Siegel
  84. Brett Shipp
  85. Eric LeMonte Williams (Texas congressional candidate)
  86. Norma Chavez
  87. Jerome Tilghman
  88. Steve Brown (Texas)
  89. Raul (Roy) Barrera
  90. Barbara Mallory Caraway
  91. Ivan Sanchez (Texas congressional candidate)
  92. Madeline Eden
  93. Josh Imhoff
  94. West Hansen
  95. Margarita Ruiz Johnson
  96. Angela Villescaz
  97. Lander Bethel
  98. Kevin Nelson (Texas)
  99. Catherine Krantz
  100. Sri Preston Kulkarni
  101. Vanessa Edwards Foster
  102. Augustine Reyes
  103. Matt Harris (Texas)
  104. Richard Johnson (2018 Texas congressional candidate)
  105. Kesha Rogers
  106. Ben Mendoza
  107. Ricardo De La Fuente
  108. Alex Triantaphyllis
  109. Sylvia Garcia
  110. John W. Duncan (Wisconsin)

Republican

  1. Louie Gohmert
  2. Michael McCaul
  3. Mike Conaway (Texas)
  4. Kay Granger
  5. Mac Thornberry
  6. Randy Weber
  7. Bill Flores
  8. Jodey Arrington
  9. Pete Olson
  10. Will Hurd
  11. Kenny Marchant
  12. Roger Williams (Texas)
  13. Michael Burgess
  14. John Carter (Texas)
  15. Pete Sessions
  16. Brian Babin
  17. John Ratcliffe
  18. John Culberson
  19. David Balat
  20. Ava Pate
  21. Van Taylor
  22. Anthony Culler (Texas)
  23. Eric Burkhart
  24. Bill Sargent
  25. Charles Lingerfelt
  26. Mike Sweeney (Texas)
  27. SK Alexander
  28. Malcolm Whittaker
  29. Veronica Birkenstock
  30. Michael Cloud (Texas)
  31. Eric Zmrhal
  32. Alma Arredondo-Lynch
  33. Francisco Canseco
  34. David Smalling
  35. Autry Pruitt
  36. Roshin Rowjee
  37. James Green (Texas)
  38. Danny Nguyen (Texas)
  39. Kevin Roberts (Texas)
  40. Susan Narvaiz
  41. Rick Walker (Texas Congressional candidate)
  42. Robert Stovall
  43. Kathaleen Wall
  44. Sam Deen
  45. Paul Brown (Texas)
  46. Bunni Pounds
  47. Jake Ellzey
  48. Ivan Andarza
  49. Ronald Wright
  50. Deborah Gagliardi
  51. Ryan Krause
  52. Jenifer Sarver
  53. Justin Lurie
  54. Bech Bruun
  55. Eddie Gassman
  56. Chris Mapp
  57. John Cooper (Texas)
  58. Matt McCall (Texas)
  59. Robert Schafranek
  60. Rey Gonzalez
  61. Mauro Garza
  62. Paul Myers
  63. Foster Hagen
  64. Mark Mitchell (Texas)
  65. William Negley
  66. Troy Ratterree
  67. Al Poteet
  68. Peggy Wardlaw
  69. Shawn Dandridge
  70. Rick Seeberger
  71. Alia Garcia-Ureste
  72. Danny Campbell (Texas House of Representatives candidate)
  73. Samuel Temple
  74. David Williams (Texas)
  75. Phillip Aronoff
  76. Mel Hassell
  77. Kevin Harrison (Texas)
  78. Jason Wright
  79. Ken Cope
  80. Thomas Dillingham
  81. John Grunwald
  82. Edward Ziegler
  83. Jon Spiers
  84. Jonny Havens
  85. Keith Casey
  86. Willie Billups
  87. Anthony White (Texas)
  88. Johnathan Davidson
  89. Jaimy Blanco
  90. Alex Donkervoet
  91. David Niederkorn
  92. Carmen Montiel
  93. Shannon Dubberly
  94. John Cook (2018 Texas congressional candidate)
  95. Samuel Williams Jr.
  96. Jerry Hall (2018 Texas congressional candidate)
  97. Kevin Brady (Texas)
  98. Chip Roy
  99. Daniel Crenshaw
  100. Lance Gooden
  101. Marty Perez
  102. Judith Cutright

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Utah

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Vermont

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Virginia

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Washington

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

West Virginia

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Wisconsin

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Wyoming

U.S. Senate

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

U.S. House

Democratic

Republican

Other parties

No candidates filed to run for this party in this state.

Women candidates

According to the Center for American Women and Politics at Rutgers University (CAWP), a record number of women filed to run as candidates for both the U.S. House and U.S Senate in 2018. Fifty-three women filed to run for U.S. Senate seats, breaking the previous record of 40 set in 2016. Twenty-two women won U.S. Senate primaries in 2018, which exceeded the previous high of 18 in 2016, according to CAWP. On the U.S. House side, 476 women filed to run in 2018, which was a more than 50 percent increase over the previous record of 298 in 2012. Click here for more data from CAWP.[1]

Wave election analysis

See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)

The term wave election is frequently used to describe an election cycle in which one party makes significant electoral gains. How many seats would Republicans have had to lose for the 2018 midterm election to be considered a wave election?

Ballotpedia examined the results of the 50 election cycles that occurred between 1918 and 2016—spanning from President Woodrow Wilson's (D) second midterm in 1918 to Donald Trump's (R) first presidential election in 2016. We define wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in that period resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party.

Applying this definition to U.S. House elections and U.S. Senate elections, we found that Republicans needed to lose 48 House seats and seven Senate seats for 2018 to qualify as a wave election in each chamber.

The chart below shows the number of seats the president's party lost in the 11 U.S. House waves from 1918 to 2016. Click here to read the full report.

U.S. House wave elections
Year President Party Election type House seats change House majority[2]
1932 Hoover R Presidential -97 D
1922 Harding R First midterm -76 R
1938 Roosevelt D Second midterm -70 D
2010 Obama D First midterm -63 R (flipped)
1920 Wilson D Presidential -59 R
1946 Truman D First midterm -54 R (flipped)
1994 Clinton D First midterm -54 R (flipped)
1930 Hoover R First midterm -53 D (flipped)
1942 Roosevelt D Third midterm -50 D
1966 Johnson D First midterm[3] -48 D
1974 Ford R Second midterm[4] -48 D

The chart below shows the number of seats the president's party lost in the 10 U.S. Senate waves from 1918 to 2016. Click here to read the full report.

U.S. Senate wave elections
Year President Party Election type Senate seats change Senate majority[5]
1932 Hoover R Presidential -13 D (flipped)
1958 Eisenhower R Second midterm -12 D
1946 Truman D First midterm -10 R (flipped)
1980 Carter D Presidential -9 R (flipped)
2014 Obama D Second midterm -9 R (flipped)
1942 Roosevelt D Third midterm -8 D
2008 George W. Bush D Presidential -8 D
1926 Coolidge R First midterm[6] -7 R
1930 Hoover R First midterm -7 R
1986 Reagan R Second midterm -7 D (flipped)

See also

Footnotes

  1. Center for American Women and Politics, "2018 Summary of Women Candidates," accessed October 15, 2018
  2. Denotes the party that had more seats in the U.S. House following the election.
  3. Lyndon Johnson's (D) first term began in November 1963 after the death of President John F. Kennedy (D), who was first elected in 1960. Before Johnson had his first midterm in 1966, he was re-elected president in 1964.
  4. Gerald Ford's (R) first term began in August 1974 following the resignation of President Richard Nixon (R), who was first elected in 1968 and was re-elected in 1972. Because Ford only served for two full months before facing the electorate, this election is classified as Nixon's second midterm.
  5. Denotes the party that had more seats in the U.S. House following the election.
  6. Calvin Coolidge's (R) first term began in August 1923 after the death of President Warren Harding (R), who was first elected in 1920. Before he had his first midterm in 1926, Coolidge was re-elected as president in 1924.