Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 (May 14 Democratic primary)
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| Maryland's 3rd Congressional District |
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| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: February 9, 2024 |
| Primary: May 14, 2024 General: November 5, 2024 |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Voting in Maryland |
| Race ratings |
DDHQ and The Hill: Safe Democratic Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024 |
| See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th Maryland elections, 2024 U.S. Congress elections, 2024 U.S. Senate elections, 2024 U.S. House elections, 2024 |
Sarah Elfreth (D) won the Democratic primary for Maryland's 3rd Congressional District on May 14, 2024. Elfreth received 36.0% of the vote. Harry Dunn (D) finished in second place with 25.0%. Juan Dominguez (D), Dunn, Elfreth, and Mike Rogers (D) led in polling and media attention.[1] Incumbent Rep. John Sarbanes (D) did not run for re-election, meaning the congressional seat was open.[2][3]
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter, Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales, and Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball rated the district as a safe or solid Democratic seat.
As of April 24, 2024, Dunn led all candidates in campaign finance with $4.6 million. The next closest candidate was Elfreth with $1.5 million. Dunn also led the field in campaign spending with $3.8 million, followed by Elfreth with $1.2 million.
Three candidates – Dominguez, Dunn, and Morse – criticized the United Democracy Project (UDP), a super PAC affiliated with the pro-Israel lobbying group the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), for advertisements promoting Elfreth’s record in the Maryland state Legislature. During a joint interview with Dominguez and Morse, Dunn called the United Democracy Project a beneficiary of "MAGA money," a term associated with the platform of former President Donald Trump and candidates who say they support Trump's agenda. The three candidates did not mention Elfreth by name, though they criticized the PAC for engaging in outside political spending.[4] The advertisement focused on Elfreth's stances on abortion access, child care, democracy, and the environment, though it did not mention Elfreth's stance on the United States' role in the war between Israel and Hamas. In an interview, Elfreth said she was unaware that UDP ran an advertisement on her behalf until it was released.[4]
Before the UDP's advertisement in support of Elfreth, the United States' role in the war between Israel and Hamas had not been a central issue in the race and was not listed as a campaign issue on the websites of any the candidates Ballotpedia identified as highlighted candidates.[5][6][7][8] UDP has spent $600,000 on the ad supporting Elfreth. Patrick Dorton, a spokesperson for UDP, said, "While we appreciate Harry Dunn’s support for a strong U.S.-Israel relationship, Sarah Elfreth’s leadership on abortion rights, climate change, and domestic violence makes her a stronger candidate for the voters of Howard, Anne Arundel and Carroll counties. There [are] some serious anti-Israel candidates in this race, who are not Harry Dunn, and we need to make sure that they don’t make it to Congress.”[9]
Juan Dominguez said his experience in the military, private sector, and public service made him a unique candidate.[10] Dominguez completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey. In it, Dominguez said he would work to increase taxes on high-income earners to pay for social services, expand healthcare access to all citizens, and implement congressional term limits.
Harry Dunn said his experience as a capitol police officer during the breach of the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, caused him to run for Congress. Dunn said he the Freedom to Vote Act and John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act to expand voting access and protections to eligible voters, overturn the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Citizen United v. FEC by constitutional amendment, and ban members of Congress from trading individual stocks.[11]
Sarah Elfreth completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey. In it, Elfreth said her experience serving in the Maryland Senate prepared her for Congress. Elfreth said she would work to protect abortion access, limit gun ownership, and pass laws that she believes will positively impact the environment, including natural resources in the district such as the Chesapeake Bay. Elfreth received endorsements from U.S. Sen. Ben Cardin (D), Maryland State Sens. Pam Beidle (D), Dawn Gile (D), and Maryland Del. Dana Jones (D).[12][13]
Mike Rogers completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey. In it, Rogers said his military experience and time serving in the Maryland House of Delegates prepared him for Congress. Rogers said he would work to improve military members' healthcare access, reduce economic burdens on workers via consumer protections and tax relief, and improve veteran services. Rogers received endorsements from Maryland Dels. Shaneka Henson (D) and Scott Phillips (D).[14]
Mark S. Chang (D), Michael Coburn (D), Malcolm Colombo (D), Abigail Diehl (D), Lindsay Donahue (D), Mark Gosnell (D), Terri L. Hill (D), Aisha Khan (D), Clarence Lam (D), Matt Libber (D), Kristin Lyman Nabors (D), John Morse (D), Jake Pretot (D), Don Quinn (D), Dan Rupli (D), Gary Schuman (D), Stewart Silver (D), and Jeffrey Woodard (D) also ran in the primary.
Dominguez, Donahue, Elfreth, Hill, Morse, Quinn, Rogers, and Schuman completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey. To read their responses, click here.
This page focuses on Maryland's 3rd Congressional District Democratic primary. For more in-depth information on the district's Republican primary and the general election, see the following pages:
- Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 (May 14 Republican primary)
- Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
Candidates and election results
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on May 14, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Sarah Elfreth ![]() | 36.2 | 29,459 | |
| Harry Dunn | 25.0 | 20,380 | ||
| Clarence Lam | 11.7 | 9,548 | ||
Terri L. Hill ![]() | 6.5 | 5,318 | ||
| Mark S. Chang | 5.0 | 4,106 | ||
| Aisha Khan | 2.7 | 2,199 | ||
Mike Rogers ![]() | 2.6 | 2,147 | ||
John Morse ![]() | 1.8 | 1,447 | ||
| Abigail Diehl | 1.7 | 1,379 | ||
Lindsay Donahue ![]() | 1.5 | 1,213 | ||
Juan Dominguez ![]() | 1.3 | 1,025 | ||
| Michael Coburn | 0.7 | 583 | ||
Malcolm Colombo ![]() | 0.6 | 527 | ||
Don Quinn ![]() | 0.5 | 408 | ||
| Kristin Lyman Nabors | 0.5 | 397 | ||
| Jeffrey Woodard | 0.4 | 352 | ||
Gary Schuman ![]() | 0.4 | 286 | ||
| Mark Gosnell | 0.3 | 221 | ||
| Jake Pretot | 0.2 | 162 | ||
| Matt Libber | 0.2 | 159 | ||
| Stewart Silver | 0.1 | 78 | ||
| Dan Rupli | 0.0 | 34 | ||
| Total votes: 81,428 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- John Sarbanes (D)
- Vanessa Atterbeary (D)
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Maryland
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I was born to a working-class family. My father is a truck driver, and my mother has held many professions; a substitute teacher, a retail worker, a waitress, and above all, had the full-time job of raising 4 children. Despite the tireless hard work my parents put forth day after day, our family depended on government assistance in every form. But it was because of that same assistance I was able to go to college and earn my Bachelors of Engineering in Civil Engineering. From that I have gained access to opportunities families like mine rarely see. However; my working-class upbringing has stuck in the back of my mind, and with that the stark realization that something more needs to be done. Something that is larger than one person’s success. This campaign is that something."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "Juan is a dedicated Democrat running for Maryland’s 3rd Congressional District. Juan is a proud graduate of The United States Military Academy at West Point (‘89) and is a Gulf War Veteran. As a graduate of West Point he was taught the values of Duty, Honor, Country, and a lifetime of service to the nation. These values have lived in him and carried him throughout his life. They’re also the reason he looks to now serve in the United States Congress to represent the constituents of Maryland’s 3rd Congressional District. After graduation Juan became an Officer in the US Army (1989-1994) and led a platoon in Desert Shield/Desert Storm in the 197th Infantry Brigade which was part of the 24th Infantry Division. During his time in service, Juan’s commander said, “Our soldiers deserve this bright, innovative officer in key troop assignments. He is one of the Army’s best.” His parents, Juan Sr. and Dinorah Dominguez, who emigrated from Cuba to America as teenagers, have played an integral role in his life. Married for over 55 years, they instilled in him the value of hard work, the importance of family, and the significance of democracy and freedom in America. Juan has used those lessons to not only become a successful businessman but also a dedicated husband and father of two. Juan resides in Severna Park, MD with his wife Cheyenne Dominguez and their two boys, Sovann and Marcellus, and two dogs, Tucker and Junior. In his spare time he enjoys tennis, and coaching youth baseball."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "A lifelong Democrat born and raised in Maryland, I'm ready to fight for equality across America. Income inequality is a significant source of many social problems. We need a fairer tax system to the lower- and middle-class. As the wealthiest country in the world, we are seeing people choosing not to have children because of the cost. Our country does not do enough to help young families, and this needs to change. I am a Health IT Professional, a parent, a voter, and someone who cares deeply about our country and wants a better outlook for generations to come."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Biography:
Dunn received a bachelor's degree from James Madison University. His professional experience included working as a Capitol police officer.
Show sources
Sources: The Baltimore Sun, "Capitol Police officer who was on duty during Jan. 6 insurrection to seek Maryland US House seat," Jan. 5, 2024Youtube, "Why ex-Capitol officer Harry Dunn is running for Congress," Jan. 8, 2024Harry Dunn for Congress, "Strengthening Democracy," accessed March 24, 2024; Harry Dunn for Congress, "About," accessed March 24, 2024Linkedin.com, "Harry Dunn," accessed March 24, 2024
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "Sarah Elfreth broke a glass ceiling in 2018, becoming the youngest woman elected to the State Senate in Maryland history. But Sarah isn’t about headlines – she has built a reputation as one of the most effective legislators in the State. Over the course of her first five years in office, she passed 84 bills into law on issues that actually impact Maryland families – protecting the Chesapeake Bay, strengthening the economy, expanding prenatal care, and helping veterans with PTSD. Sarah isn’t one for slogans – she works to do what is right. Sarah is known for bringing everyone to the table to solve problems. At the beginning of her second term, Sarah was appointed to an important leadership position in the Senate’s budget committee, overseeing tens of billions of dollars of taxpayer investments in transportation, environmental, and public safety programs. Sarah is also a leader outside of the Senate. As a member of the tri-state Chesapeake Bay Commission, she helps coordinate State and federal efforts to clean up the Bay. The Maryland Military Coalition, the Park Rangers, the Maryland Affordable Housing Coalition, Preservation Maryland, and the Maryland Library Association have named Sarah "legislator of the year." The National Education Association, League of Conservation Voters, Sierra Club, International Association of Fire Fighters, and other grassroots organizations have endorsed Sarah's campaign for Congress."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I attended Howard County public schools and after graduating from Wilde Lake High, obtained a bioelectric engineering degree from Harvard and my medical degree from Columbia. After completing my training in plastic and reconstructive surgery, I returned home and for more than 30 years have provided medical care to my community. I felt called to do more and I won election to the MD House where I have served since 2015. I am running for Congress to bring a missing voice to MD’s 10 person all male delegation. As a surgeon and small business owner of a clinical practice, I am sensitive to how economic and health policy impacts families and communities and have had the privilege of being their advocate. Representation in the halls of power is critical and I will leverage my unique background and scientist’s perspective to address issues that advance federal policies rooted in science, facts, and compassion. I look for root causes and sustainable solutions. Of the 535 members of Congress only 19 are doctors and only 3 are women. That’s a problem. We are facing one of the greatest challenges we’ve seen in the healthcare front - high prices of prescription drugs, inaccessible care, opioid additions and mental health emergencies and we don’t have the people with lived experience over a broader front to address it. Everyone’s been a patient but not everyone’s been a doctor or a nurse. We need more medical professionals to inform the discussion and help make thoughtful decisions."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I grew up in a union family, where the importance of workers' rights and the power of collective action were part of our daily conversations. These early experiences instilled in me a deep respect for the struggles and achievements of working families. This shaped my understanding of fairness and justice, prompting me to go to law school in order to get skills to serve working people. Twelve years ago, I was admitted to the bar right here in this district and started my work as an attorney representing workers with the Association of Flight Attendants-CWA. Throughout my career, I've been a staunch advocate for workers, community services/small businesses, and fair economic policies. I'm committed to sensible gun safety laws and believe in people-powered legislation to make our communities safer and more equitable."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I am Don Quinn, a civil rights attorney who represents workers in the federal legal system protecting the rights of historically underserved communities and working to change federal common law to better serve all citizens. As an attorney I have taken on some of the largest employers in the world. Despite often being in the room negotiating with people paid a lot of money to disagree with me have found ways to achieve my clients aims and understand the art of compromise - without losing. I am a father of seven children who are going through, or have gone through, the public school system. Education has been the foundation of my life and, together with my lovely wife, I believe that ensuring that education and educators are protected is a critical piece of building a better future for all our children. I am a combat veteran who served during Iraqi Freedom in the Middle East and have continued that service by representing veterans in their appeals to the VA. I am an active member of the community because I believe in servant leadership and that we must work to make this a better world for all of us. I am a small business owner who understand the power of small business and appreciates the unique challenges that being a small business owner brings. I have lived and worked overseas and understand the challenges of foreign policy and the cultural bridges that we must build for a more peaceful, safer world. Finally, I am the favorite walker of Sox, our boxer-beagle rescue dog."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "My name is Mike Rogers, and I've spent a lifetime defending our Democracy and serving Maryland. I served United States Army for 29 years and retired as a Colonel. I’m running for Congress because I believe our vote, our Democracy, and the well-being of working-class Americans and veterans are at stake. After retirement, I served for several years as a regional board member for the Military Officers Association of America, advocating for veterans’ issues across the country. I've served my community as a homeowner’s association officer, a Pop Warner football coach, president of my children’s school PTSA, and a faithful member of my college fraternity, Phi Beta Sigma. Each of these experiences provided me with an opportunity to address a range of issues, from education and public safety to common sense kitchen table issues."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I have been a proud and Happy Maryland resident for almost a decade. I was born and raised in New York. I was educated in public schools from Kindergarten through high school, and even college. My degrees in Political Science, Communications and English are from Queens College of The City University of New York. For two years I ran the district office for New York State Assemblyman Arthur J. Cooperman. I learned about the importance of constituent services and how to best serve the public. I was also present at community events, committee meetings, and assisted in drafting legislation. I am a Journalist, and locally my articles and columns have appeared in The Mid Atlantic Media Publications, including: Washington Week, Baltimore Style, Washington Family and The Baltimore Jewish Times. Previously my columns have appeared in The New York Times, Daily News, USA Today and more. I was the Editor of For Your Health Newspaper and Our Town Magazine in New York City and Palm Beach Life Magazine and The Boynton News in Florida. I have taught school, owned and run several tablecloth restaurants and been a full time sole caregiver for my best friend ever, my mom. I know about food, business, media, government, health and politics. I do hands on pet rescue, and have several homeless pets as my companions. I have an abundant respect for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. I relish the Constitution., and will protect and defend it for all my constituents, and all Americans."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Maryland District 3 in 2024.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
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Malcolm Colombo (D)
It is time that we remove the necessity of money in politics. Voter should not have to fund politicians and their campaigns. Nor should those that get elected be because of the fact they have the largest wallet. I am proud of the fact our campaign has not accepted a single donation. Our ideals will not bend to the highest bidder, and will always put the needs of our district first.
Labor is the backbone to the United States. We must ensure that all workers have the opportunity to earn a living wage, as well as give them stronger opportunities to achieve the life they strive for.
Juan Dominguez (D)
Juan knows that we need to have an economy that works for everyday Americans, not just the extremely wealthy. For too long, wealth has continued to generate rapidly among the top 1% of Americans, leaving a significant portion of our communities behind. By instituting a modest tax on the wealthiest 1% of Americans and ensuring wealthy corporations pay their fair share, we can have the resources needed to invest in our public schools, expand healthcare access, improve our infrastructure, and ensure a healthy and prosperous middle class.
HEALTHCARE FOR ALL
Juan believes that healthcare is a human right– full stop. There are currently almost 30 million Americans with no access to healthcare, while millions of others are facing exorbitant premiums and expensive prescription drug costs. We need to have Medicare for All while centering our healthcare system around accessibility, affordability, and patient empowerment.
America needs to take a holistic approach to healthcare. In Congress, Juan will fight for nationwide abortion access and reproductive justice, extending Medicare negotiated drug prices to all, and increasing access to mental health and substance use resources. Medical decisions should be made between a patient and their physician without interference from elected
TERM LIMITS
Lindsay Donahue (D)
Healthcare is a HUMAN right.
Gun reform is long overdue in the United States. Firearms are the number one killer of children. Gun fatalities increased 87% between 2011 and 2021. Every day, 327 people are shot; 117 of these victims die; twelve of these victims are children.
Schools no longer have Fire Drills but instead lock down drills because the the last school fire death was in 1958. The last school shooting was just three weeks ago when a 17 year old killed a classmate, his principal, and himself.
We need common sense policies surrounding the access and use of firearms—universal background checks, unique serial numbers, ammunition tracking, stronger penalties for the use of ghost guns, elimination of bump stocks, and a ban on assault rifles.
Women's reproductive rights are under assault across the country. Physicians face criminal charges in 23 states if they try to help women with the healthcare they need. Women, and children, are forced to carry pregnancies to term. The circumstances for needing an abortion are different for everyone, but one thing remains a commonality: it is NEVER a first choice, but LAST and ONLY choice.
Politicians should have no say over a woman’s body. Maryland has nearly hard-coded protection for women across our state, but women across the country need a strong voice that will fight for them, and that voice is me.
I will support and introduce legislation to codify abortion rights at the Federal level.Sarah Elfreth (D)
Sarah beat an NRA-backed Republican to become the youngest woman in Maryland history elected to the State Senate, where she became a champion for keeping our communities safe from gun violence. In the Maryland Senate, she helped pass laws prohibiting individuals from carrying firearms in public places like schools, restaurants, and churches. She voted to ban ghost guns, increase penalties for illegal possession of firearms, and ensure gun owners properly store firearms unloaded and away from children. On Capitol Hill, she will fight to ban assault weapons, expand background checks, and crack down on illegal firearms in our communities.
Sarah earned the endorsement of the League of Conservation Voters and Sierra Club, and Maryland Matters described Sarah as “one of the leading environmentalists in the legislature.” She passed laws to increase the oyster population, invest in clean energy jobs, protect our communities from flooding and rising sea levels, and encourage private sector investment in restoring the Bay. On Capitol Hill, she will fight for climate justice, to speed our transition to clean energy, to help communities become more resilient to climate change, and to protect the Bay and its watershed.
Terri L. Hill (D)
Healthcare and addressing these issues: high cost of prescription drugs and general healthcare; disparities along racial, ethnic, economic and residency status; inadequate access; lack of behavioral and somatic health parity; increasing stock profits with decreasing provider benefits; overruling medical decisions by carriers to serve the bottom line rather than serving the patient; overly burdensome prior authorizations and other requirements that inappropriately substitute the insurer's or system's judgment for that of the provider. I have provided medical care to patients throughout my community and seen firsthand the barriers to care my patients face. I am committed to listening, evaluating and executing effective solutions.
Economic uncertainty - despite record low unemployment and increasing wage compensation, housing is unaffordable and the wealth gap is widening. At a time when families across the country and dealing with rising costs, I am committed to push for and enact policies to create a more just economy for all. I am a "barrier reducer" working to address the myriad of obstacles people encounter that prevent them from living fulfilling and prosperous lives.
John Morse (D)
My Key Initiatives for Strengthening Jobs and the Economy:
-Holding Wall Street and Hedge Funds Accountable -Speculation Tax on Wall Street Transactions -Fully funding federal oversight -Prohibit Hedge Funds from Purchasing Single Family Homes
Supporting Small Businesses
Passing the PRO Act and the Public Service Freedom to Negotiate Act
Our country is built on the core idea that every voice is heard, and every vote counts. Every generation has worked to bring us closer to perfecting that in reality. Inspired by generations before me, I am deeply committed to reshaping our democracy into one that is more inclusive, transparent, and fair.
My Key Pillars of Democracy Reform:
-Ensuring Voting Rights for All
-Combating Voter Suppression
-Campaign Finance Reform
-Ethics and Accountability in Government
-Fair Redistricting Practices
Quality healthcare is a human right that should be open to everyone. No one should go into debt in order to get the care that they need. I will fight to rein in the rising costs of prescription drugs, to support healthcare workers, to eliminate health disparities, and to make sure our system works for everyone.
My Key Initiatives for expanding access to quality healthcare: -Defending the Right to Choice and Access to Contraception -Providing universal healthcare while protecting access to supplemental plans -Lowering prescription drug costs -Supporting Healthcare Workers -Destigmatizing Mental Healthcare
-Inclusive Healthcare for Children with Diverse NeedsDon Quinn (D)
The 2024 election isn't about protecting our rights, it's about getting them back. Over the last few years, we have seen courts strip away basic rights while elected leaders have not acted. Dobbs took away a woman's right to choose, Students for Fair Admissions took away affirmative action, the 8th Circuit took away the individual right to sue under the Voting Rights Act, Sackett gutted the Clean Waters Act - the list is long. We need to send people to Congress who understand how to unwrite these losses and write laws to protect our rights that will withstand federal court scrutiny. I am the only candidate in this race who has the knowledge and experience to do that.
Building a better future is contingent upon the education that we give our children. As a father with seven children, I understand the power of education. I am also someone who went to school later in life and can attest to the power of an education to change lives. At the same time, we must widen our focus to ensure that we are giving the next generation every opportunity. Those opportunities can be in the trades, which desperately need qualified, trained workers and provide a good middle-class life to those professionals. We need education to be less expensive and more accessible; and we need to ensure that teachers have the tools and the safety net they need to bring up the most widely educated generation of Americans we have ever had.
Mike Rogers (D)
During my 29 years in the US Army, I served my country in different capacities. I was deployed in combat zones such as Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia. As a senior officer, I oversaw a major healthcare administration and medical logistics across the United States, Europe, and the Middle East, ensuring Americans had access to quality healthcare while serving our country. My experiences leading and advocating for service members have uniquely prepared me to serve as a Congressman to help address complex issues from Ukraine, to Iran, to the Israel - Hamas conflict.
Service to Our Great State of Maryland:
As a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, I serve on the Economic Matters Committee where I help leade on a range of issues from consumer protections to tax relief. I worked during the pandemic to ensure that front-line workers and union members had access to emergency unemployment insurance. I led an effort to provide tax relief to seniors and veterans. In response to the Francis Scott Key Bridge disaster, I worked with my colleagues to support emergency legislation to ensure financial support for an estimated 150,000 workers directly and indirectly impacted by the Baltimore Port closure. I worked for these issues because I understand how important it is for Maryland families.
Service to Community
Gary Schuman (D)
We must bridge the divide. We need to end "tribal politics" NOW! I am the guy to accomplish this. I have the energy, the wit and the personality to captivate and charm both sides of the aisle. My refusal to accept PAC money or any donations earns me respect from all sides of the many issues. I have done the research to back up my ideas and I have examined funding for the programs. There are either zero costs, or actual reductions in costs of programs I will replace.Liberals want my vision and conservatives like my math. Both sides trust me. My plan for more professional police on the southern border will assure safety for everyone without turning away immigrants. Immigrants we need as much or more than they need us.
One of the most important jobs of a Congressman is constituent services. I plan to keep my congressional office round the clock; 24/7. There are people who need me and my staff all hours of the day and night. One of us will answer the phones live! There are things that can be done to help people navigate the red tape and bureaucracy at any hour. We will give resources, send faxes and emails and open files. I believe this will become the standard, as the rest of the two houses of Congress will follow my lead. We must raise the minimum wage to $15.00 an hour, to be effective immediately. The bill must include guarantee annual raises equal to CPI, and said raises for fixed income elderly persons also.
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Lindsay Donahue (D)
Sarah Elfreth (D)
Terri L. Hill (D)
John Morse (D)
Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Increase affordable housing and help families make ends meet; Protect our democracy and voting rights against attacks by MAGA extremists; Fight for reproductive rights against Republicans who want to destroy abortion rights and IVF; Eliminate gun violence and hold violent criminals accountable;
Support the needs of our military families and veterans who make great sacrifices to defend our democracy against all enemies foreign and domestic.Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Franklin D. Roosevelt, with his New Deal policies, fundamentally transformed the American social contract in response to the Great Depression. FDR's leadership during one of the nation's darkest times demonstrated not only the power of bold, decisive action but also the importance of empathy and solidarity with those suffering. His vision for a government that actively works to uplift its most vulnerable citizens continues to influence policymakers today, myself included. His insistence on economic rights as integral to the fabric of American democracy—articulated in his proposal for a Second Bill of Rights—resonates with my commitment to addressing income inequality and ensuring every American has access to healthcare, education, and economic opportunity.
Martin Luther King Jr.'s profound impact on civil rights and social justice in America provides an equally compelling model of leadership. Dr. King's strategic acumen, moral clarity, and eloquent advocacy for nonviolence and equality have left an indelible mark on our nation's conscience. His ability to galvanize a movement across racial and economic lines, advocating for the rights and dignity of all Americans, stands as a testament to the power of collective action and moral courage. MLK's dream of a society where people are judged by the content of their character rather than the color of their skin remains a vital guiding principle for me, especially as we continue to confront issues of racial injustice and strive to build a more inclusive democracy.Sarah Elfreth (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Dad retired in his 60's and painted charcoals and oils. I remember in the supermarket he would make the window signs for "sales and specials. He could freehand draw straight lines that I could not accomplish with 2 rulers and a protractor. He was the 5th of 6 kids; 3 boys and 3 girls. His older brothers and sisters were married starting families. When his Dad passed, he left school to support his mother and little sister. He later joined the army in World War 2, returned safe, married and built successful small businesses. He was always pro union, supportive of his staff and gave stellar customer service. He worked 11 hour days, commuted over an hour, 6 days a week. He basically sacrificed his entire life for his family; first his mom, then his wife and son. He gave up his youth, his education, he enlisted and more. Only after he retired I realized he had the gift and desire for creating art. My mom was an extraordinarily gorgeous young woman; model and movie star quality. She wanted to act and gave it up to be a wife and mom. After I graduated high school Mom went into the glamorous garment industry. She sparkled from being part of the fashion world.
My Grandma was the sweetest person ever. She could never say anything bad about anyone. Even if some one was uniquely ignorant and foolish, she would say: "He's not that bright". This was rare and the harshest words she ever used. She was a prodigy. She played classical piano in Carnegie Hall, in New York City when she was 9 years old. She taught me to play. Grandpa's only joy in life was his family. He was in World War 2, built businesses through the depression and worked to provide for his family. I wish I had the opportunity and determination to do what they did. I hope one day I can thank them and say I realize their gift to me. I wish I knew then.Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Paul expertly traces how the concept of freedom has evolved in American discourse, contrasting the traditional focus on civil and political liberties with a more expansive view that includes economic rights—such as access to housing, healthcare, and education—as essential components of true freedom. He asserts that the prevailing narrow interpretation of freedom, emphasizing market access and minimal state intervention, has contributed to widespread inequality, poverty, and a society designed to privilege a select few.
By revisiting historical debates and drawing from the visions laid out by figures like Franklin D. Roosevelt, who championed an Economic Bill of Rights, Paul articulates a vision for an America where economic rights are recognized as indispensable. His book is not just a historical account but a call to action, proposing concrete policy measures like Medicare for All, a federal job guarantee, and the Green New Deal to secure a more inclusive and equitable future.
"The Ends of Freedom" resonates with my belief that governance should prioritize the well-being of all citizens, ensuring that economic policies support the common good rather than serving the interests of a wealthy minority. It underscores the idea that real freedom encompasses the ability to live with dignity, free from the fear of poverty and deprivation, and highlights the crucial role of government in safeguarding these economic rights.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
As a proud Democrat running for Maryland’s 3rd Congressional District, my commitment extends beyond the battlefield to the halls of Congress, where I aim to serve the constituents of Maryland with the same dedication. My campaign is built on the promise of hope, bipartisanship, and service to our community and country. It's about ensuring economic dignity for all, making healthcare a human right, providing public education without the burden of debt, and instituting term limits to foster a government truly of the people, by the people, and for the people.
Moreover, my business acumen as a successful executive, combined with my lived experiences as a son of Cuban immigrants, equips me with a unique perspective on the challenges facing our nation and the pragmatic solutions needed to address them. I believe in leading by example, working tirelessly to achieve our goals, and supporting my team and community every step of the way.
In essence, an elected official must embody the principles of duty, honor, and service, striving to make informed, compassionate decisions that prioritize the well-being and prosperity of all constituents. This is the commitment I bring to my campaign and, ultimately, to my service as your representative in Congress. Together, we can make Washington work for us, focusing on what matters most—improving our schools, honoring our veterans, and helping each American achieve their version of the American dream.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Sarah Elfreth (D)
Terri L. Hill (D)
Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
First, my military background, specifically my experience as an officer in the U.S. Army, instilled in me the importance of integrity, discipline, and resilience. These experiences taught me how to lead under pressure, make critical decisions with limited information, and prioritize the well-being of my team. The ethos of selfless service and dedication to a cause greater than oneself is something I carry into every aspect of my public service.
Second, my tenure in the business world has honed my ability to innovate, collaborate, and drive results. I've learned the importance of listening, building consensus, and navigating complex organizational structures to achieve objectives. My experience managing teams and developing strategies to meet ambitious goals has prepared me to tackle the multifaceted challenges facing our district and our nation.
Third, my personal journey, from the child of immigrants to a community leader, has endowed me with empathy and a deep understanding of the diverse experiences of American families. These experiences have taught me the value of inclusivity and the importance of ensuring that all voices are heard and respected in the policymaking process.Don Quinn (D)
I have seven kids so I am really good at listening, picking up cues for needs and wants, and working to find solutions - often with a less than optimal budget.
I am deeply family oriented, my family comes first and I believe that we should create policies that will benefit our families instead of focusing on short term political point winning.
I am also incredibly patient and willing to look at the long game to achieve success. Some battles are won in inches, instead of sweeping margins.
I am a consummate student always learning and seeking out those who can improve my understanding of the world.
I believe whole heartedly in the exceptionalism of America and the opportunity it provides but am a realist who sees the need for improvement in many areas.
I have the innate ability to see the ridiculous in most situations and to laugh at myself when I get too serious which I believe we do not do enough of in the halls of Congress.Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
A paramount duty is to legislate with integrity, transparency, and accountability. Every decision, bill, and policy I support must aim to uplift the lives of the people I serve, fostering an economy that benefits all, not just the wealthiest. It involves fighting for fair wages, accessible healthcare, quality education, and a clean environment. These are not just policy issues; they're personal matters that affect the daily lives of our residents.
Another critical responsibility is to serve as a bridge between federal resources and our district’s needs. Whether securing funding for infrastructure, supporting local businesses, or ensuring our schools have the resources they need, it’s essential to bring federal support home to address our unique challenges.
Additionally, defending the rights and liberties of all constituents is non-negotiable. This means standing firm against any form of discrimination or injustice and working tirelessly to ensure that our district, and indeed our nation, lives up to its ideals of freedom, equality, and justice for all.
Lastly, it's about leadership—providing a vision that moves us forward together. As someone who’s served in the military and thrived in business, I understand the importance of cohesive, decisive action. It's not enough to identify problems; an elected official must also drive solutions that bring about real, positive change.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Terri L. Hill (D)
Don Quinn (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
The Watergate scandal, with its intricate web of deceit, abuse of power, and eventual resignation of President Nixon, served as an early lesson in the vulnerabilities of even the most robust democratic systems. It underscored the critical need for vigilant oversight of those in power and the role of a free press in uncovering the truth.
This period also demonstrated the resilience of American institutions and the checks and balances designed to protect our democracy. The Congressional hearings, the investigation by journalists, and the subsequent actions of the judiciary showcased the system's capacity to correct its course in the face of egregious abuses of power.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Managing a paper route at such a young age instilled in me a strong work ethic and a sense of accountability. It was my responsibility to ensure that no matter the weather—rain, snow, or shine—the people on my route could count on their newspaper being there when they expected it. This experience taught me about the importance of commitment and the direct impact of my actions on others.
I held onto this job for a few years, during which I learned not just about the responsibilities of holding a job but also about interacting with customers, managing finances, and balancing this job with my schoolwork and other activities. It was a foundational experience that shaped my approach to future challenges and opportunities, teaching me lessons that I carry with me to this day.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Like Batman, I believe in standing up for what's right, even when it's not easy. I've faced many challenges in my life, from serving in the Gulf War to running a business and raising a family. But through it all, I've remained committed to my values of duty, honor, and service to others.
Plus, let's be honest, who wouldn't want to drive the Batmobile and have all those cool gadgets? But in all seriousness, Batman's selfless dedication to his city and his willingness to take on the tough fights are qualities I aspire to embody as I seek to serve the people of Maryland's 3rd Congressional District.Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Willie Nelson's song captures the spirit of adventure and the sense of purpose that comes with being "on the road again." Each day brings new faces, new conversations, and new opportunities to connect with the community. The road is where the campaign comes alive, where the abstract ideas of policy and governance meet the concrete realities of people's lives.
The song's emphasis on making music with friends and seeing new sights mirrors the collaborative and eye-opening nature of campaigning. It's a reminder of the beauty in the journey, the value of the connections we make, and the shared experiences that unite us. Even on the longest days, when the road seems endless, "On the Road Again" serves as a cheerful motivator, reminding me why we set out on this path: to make a meaningful difference in the lives of the people we hope to serve.Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
First and foremost, the House's composition is based on population, with representatives allocated to states according to the number of people they have, as determined by the census conducted every ten years. This ensures that the House is the most directly representative body of the federal government, closely mirroring the demographic and ideological shifts of the American people over time. It's designed to be the "People's House," where representatives are more closely tied to their constituents' needs and interests due to smaller district sizes and more frequent elections.
Secondly, the House has the exclusive power to initiate revenue bills, a principle grounded in the belief that those closest to the people should have the primary role in matters affecting the nation's finances. This ties back to the founding idea that taxation should be directly linked to representation, ensuring that the financial burdens placed upon the American people are decided by those they directly elect.
Additionally, the House plays a critical role in the federal impeachment process, having the sole authority to impeach federal officials, including the President. This significant power underscores the House's role in checking and balancing the powers of the other branches of government, ensuring that no individual or office wields unchecked authority. The House's structure also promotes a wide array of viewpoints and expertise, with its numerous committees and subcommittees allowing for detailed scrutiny of legislation across all areas of public policy.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
My own journey illustrates the value of varied experiences in shaping a well-rounded public servant. In 1995, I entered the political scene by running for the Bogota Borough Council in New Jersey, as part of a slate that successfully challenged incumbent leaders. Though my subsequent bid for the Bergen County Board of Chosen Freeholders in 1998 did not yield a seat, these experiences provided me with firsthand insights into local governance and the importance of grassroots engagement. However, it was the transition from these early political endeavors to becoming a successful business leader and then moving to Maryland’s Anne Arundel County and embracing the Democratic Party that truly broadened my understanding of the multifaceted challenges facing our communities.
The infusion of new ideas and energy from those outside the traditional political sphere can drive innovation in policy-making and governance. Fresh voices can challenge the status quo, advocate for underrepresented communities, and bring novel solutions to longstanding issues. They remind us that the essence of public service lies in the commitment to serve the people and the ability to listen, learn, and lead with integrity, regardless of one’s political pedigree.Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Income inequality erodes the fabric of our democracy, creating a divide that undermines the principle of equal opportunity. When wealth accumulates at the top, it concentrates power and influence, distorting public policy and priorities to serve the interests of a few at the expense of the many. This disparity hinders social mobility, making the American dream increasingly inaccessible for the majority of Americans.
Moreover, income inequality exacerbates other societal issues, such as access to quality education, healthcare, and affordable housing. It contributes to a cycle of poverty and deprivation that can span generations. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted and amplified these disparities, with the economic fallout disproportionately affecting lower-income communities and exacerbating pre-existing inequities.
Addressing income inequality requires bold, transformative policies that ensure economic growth benefits everyone, not just those at the top. This includes reforming our tax system to ensure the wealthy pay their fair share, raising the minimum wage to a living wage, investing in education and healthcare to make them universally accessible, and enacting policies that support workers and families.Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
We must House the Homeless; Feed the hungry, Care for the sick, Engage the elderly, Embrace the different among us and Welcome the stranger. I have programs for all that I mentioned, including price tags of Zero for most. We need to fundamentally and philosophically re-learn what is to be the United States of America. We must end tribal politics. We must have drastic campaign finance reform, Eliminate all big money, Pacs, Superpacs, corporate influence. We must eliminate the electoral college. If we do not address these foundational dynamics, nothing substantial will ever be accomplished.
We must acknowledge that we have ceased to be a Capitalist society and have become corporatism. We must return to a free market economy, where competition reigns supreme; not big money. We must encourage small independent businesses. We also must bring life work balance to all. We need to reign in the excesses and abuses of predatory industries, especially real estate developers and residential landlords. Landlords are manipulating the rents and warehousing inventory. This artificially keeps rents high, and keeps working class Americans hostage to landlords and monthly inflated rents. We must promote healthy food, instead of junk food, genetically altered food and toxic pesticide infected food. Healthier food also translates to lower health care costs. So this is my way of communicating to businesses they benefit from these programs as well.Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
On one hand, the two-year term reinforces accountability, compelling representatives to regularly engage with and report back to those they serve. It fosters a continuous dialogue between elected officials and their constituents, making representatives more attuned to the evolving priorities of their districts. This can be particularly beneficial in rapidly changing social, economic, or technological landscapes, as it allows for more immediate electoral feedback on lawmakers' performances.
However, the downside to this short term length is the perpetual campaign cycle it engenders. Representatives spend a significant portion of their tenure focused on reelection efforts, which can detract from their legislative duties and long-term policymaking. The need for constant fundraising and campaigning may also exacerbate the influence of special interests and reduce lawmakers' willingness to take bold or politically risky stances on issues.
Moreover, the two-year term might not provide sufficient time for representatives to gain the depth of knowledge and experience necessary to effectively navigate complex policy areas or to see through major legislative initiatives that require extensive development and negotiation. Considering these points, while the two-year term has its advantages in ensuring accountability and responsiveness, it also poses challenges for legislative effectiveness and long-term planning.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
The fact that my support for term limits has propelled me to the forefront of this race is both humbling and affirming. It demonstrates a shared belief that to truly serve the public and address the challenges of our times, we must embrace change—not just in policies but in the very framework of our political representation. Term limits can serve as a powerful mechanism to prevent the entrenchment of power, ensuring our leaders remain closely aligned with the evolving needs and aspirations of their constituents.
My commitment to term limits is part of a broader vision to restore integrity, accountability, and effectiveness in Congress. By limiting the tenure of congressional members, we encourage a dynamic legislative body that reflects the diversity and dynamism of America itself. It’s about creating a Congress that's more responsive to the people, less susceptible to the corrosive influence of long-term incumbency and special interests, and more focused on solving the pressing issues of the day.
Signing the U.S. Term Limits Pledge was a natural step for me, embodying the principles of duty, honor, and country that guide my campaign. As the only candidate in the primary field to have made this commitment, I'm encouraged by the support it has garnered. This poll is a testament to the electorate's desire for a change in how politics is conducted, not just in MD-03, but across Maryland and our nation.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
John Lewis's courage, both on the streets as a young civil rights activist facing violence and intimidation and in the halls of Congress advocating for policies to uplift the marginalized, speaks to a commitment to principles over politics. His mantra of getting into "good trouble, necessary trouble" to challenge unjust systems and promote a more inclusive democracy encapsulates the proactive and principled stance that I believe all representatives should embody.
Lewis’s legislative focus, particularly his efforts to protect and expand voting rights, his advocacy for healthcare reform, and his unwavering commitment to nonviolence and reconciliation, provide a blueprint for impactful public service. He demonstrated that one could be both a fierce advocate for one’s principles and a unifying figure, willing to reach across the aisle in pursuit of the common good.
His dedication to mentorship and his belief in the power of youth to enact change are qualities that deeply resonate with me. Lewis showed that true leadership involves not only fighting for today’s causes but also preparing the next generation to carry forward the mantle of progress. Modeling myself after John Lewis means committing to a life of service, rooted in love and respect for all humanity, and maintaining unwavering optimism in the capacity for laws and societies to change for the better.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Eva saw me out in the rain and, without hesitation, invited me into her home. This simple act of kindness, welcoming a soaked stranger into her living space, speaks volumes about the caring nature and hospitality that define our district's residents. Inside, Eva and I engaged in a heartfelt conversation about the future of Maryland and the aspirations we share for our community. It wasn't just small talk; it was a genuine exchange of hopes, concerns, and dreams that resonate with so many in our district.
Eva's support and her openness to discussing our collective future were profoundly impactful. Her story, and our encounter, remind me of the essential truth that at the heart of politics are people—each with their own stories, challenges, and hopes. It reinforces my belief that serving as a representative means more than just legislating; it's about building connections, listening deeply, and being present in the moments that matter to our constituents.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
What you call your significant other that you broke up with in Maryland?
Your "Old Bae."Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Compromise does not mean sacrificing core values or principles; rather, it's about finding common ground, where different viewpoints converge to create solutions that benefit the broader society. It's about negotiation and flexibility, understanding that no single party or ideology holds all the answers to the complex challenges we face as a nation.
Historically, many of our country's most significant legislative achievements have been born out of compromise. It allows for a more inclusive and participatory democratic process, where diverse voices are heard and considered. In today's politically polarized environment, the willingness to engage in compromise is more important than ever. It is the pathway to breaking legislative gridlock and addressing urgent issues such as economic inequality, healthcare accessibility, climate change, and social justice.Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
If elected, this power would be central to advancing my priorities, especially in addressing critical issues like income inequality, healthcare, education, and climate change. Leveraging this authority, I would advocate for progressive tax reforms that ensure the wealthiest individuals and corporations pay their fair share, thereby generating necessary revenue to fund vital public services and investments in our future. This includes initiatives like a wealth tax on the ultra-rich, closing tax loopholes, and ensuring that tax policies encourage fair economic growth and distribution.
Moreover, this power to originate revenue bills would play a crucial role in my commitment to investing in infrastructure, clean energy, and technology to not only create jobs but also address the urgent challenge of climate change. By responsibly raising and allocating funds, we can embark on a transformative agenda that builds a resilient, sustainable economy and advances the well-being of all Americans.
In crafting and supporting revenue bills, I would prioritize transparency, fairness, and efficiency, ensuring that every dollar raised and spent serves the public interest and strengthens our social fabric. This would involve working closely with constituents and colleagues across the aisle to identify solutions that reflect our shared values and aspirations.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Firstly, the House should use its investigative powers to monitor and check the executive branch's actions, ensuring that it operates within its legal and constitutional boundaries. This is crucial for maintaining the balance of power among the branches of government and protecting against overreach or abuse of power. Investigations can shed light on potential misconduct, corruption, or inefficiencies, prompting reforms that enhance governmental effectiveness and trustworthiness.
Secondly, investigative powers should be utilized to address systemic issues that impact the American people directly. This includes probing into matters such as healthcare access and affordability, environmental protection, financial system integrity, and national security. By uncovering problems and recommending solutions, the House can drive legislative and policy changes that improve citizens' lives and well-being.
Additionally, the House should engage the public in its investigative endeavors. Transparency about the investigation's scope, proceedings, and findings helps demystify the process, enhancing public understanding and support. It also reinforces the accountability of elected officials to their constituents, demonstrating a commitment to acting in the public's best interests.Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
Sarah Elfreth (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
The Armed Services Committee is a natural fit for my background as a Gulf War veteran and a graduate of The United States Military Academy at West Point. My military service has provided me with a deep understanding of national security issues, the needs of our service members, and the importance of maintaining a strong and ethical defense policy. Serving on this committee would allow me to advocate for policies that enhance our national security while ensuring our armed forces are equipped, trained, and supported both during and after their service.
The Committee on Education and Labor aligns with my commitment to fighting for economic dignity for all communities, healthcare for all, and providing public education without the burden of debt. With my business experience, I understand the importance of creating an education system that prepares our youth for the jobs of tomorrow and a labor market that is fair and provides opportunities for all. This committee's focus on improving the quality of education and ensuring fair labor practices would enable me to contribute to shaping policies that uplift working families and ensure equal opportunities for success.
The Committee on Energy and Commerce is critical, especially as we face the challenge of climate change and the transition to a sustainable economy. My support for policies like the Green New Deal and my commitment to environmental justice make this committee a priority. Serving here would allow me to advocate for policies that not only address climate change but also harness economic opportunities.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Financial Services; Homeland Security;
Oversight and GovernmentGary Schuman (D)
Malcolm Colombo (D)
Juan Dominguez (D)
I staunchly believe that government actions, especially where public funds are concerned, must be open to scrutiny. Every dollar spent should be traceable, justifiable, and aimed at advancing the public interest. This means not only making financial records available but also ensuring they are accessible and understandable to the average citizen. It's about respecting the taxpayers by showing how their money is being utilized to improve society, whether for infrastructure, education, healthcare, or social services.
Moreover, accountability is non-negotiable. When mistakes are made or inefficiencies are identified, there must be mechanisms in place to address these issues promptly and effectively. This requires strong oversight institutions, clear regulations, and the willingness of those in power to be held responsible for their actions. It also means empowering watchdogs and the media to investigate and report on government operations without fear of reprisal.Lindsay Donahue (D)
Sarah Elfreth (D)
Don Quinn (D)
Mike Rogers (D)
Gary Schuman (D)
Campaign ads
Because of the volume of candidates in this race, Ballotpedia researched campaign ads only for highlighted candidates in this race. Ballotpedia defines highlighted candidates as those who lead in polling, endorsements, and media attention.
Juan Dominguez
| March 19, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Harry Dunn
| April 30, 2024 |
| March 11, 2024 |
| Jan. 5, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Sarah Elfreth
| March 23, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Mike Rogers
Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Mike Rogers while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.
Endorsements
Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[15] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[16] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
The links below show polls for this race aggregated by FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, where available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation.
Race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[17]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[18][19][20]
| Race ratings: Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 5, 2024 | October 29, 2024 | October 22, 2024 | October 15, 2024 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
| Decision Desk HQ and The Hill | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Election spending
Campaign finance
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sarah Elfreth | Democratic Party | $2,276,074 | $2,245,334 | $30,740 | As of December 31, 2024 |
| Rob Steinberger | Republican Party | $51,443 | $53,110 | $-944 | As of December 31, 2024 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
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Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[21][22][23]
If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.
| By candidate | By election |
|---|---|
District analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.
- District map - A map of the district in place for the election.
- Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2024 U.S. House elections in the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
- State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
Below was the map in use at the time of the election. Click the map below to enlarge it.

This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in Maryland.
| Maryland U.S. House competitiveness, 2014-2024 | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Office | Districts/ offices |
Seats | Open seats | Candidates | Possible primaries | Contested Democratic primaries | Contested Republican primaries | % of contested primaries | Incumbents in contested primaries | % of incumbents in contested primaries | ||||
| 2024 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 87 | 16 | 8 | 6 | 87.5% | 5 | 100.0% | ||||
| 2022 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 65 | 16 | 8 | 7 | 93.8% | 6 | 85.7% | ||||
| 2020 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 79 | 16 | 8 | 8 | 100.0% | 8 | 100.0% | ||||
| 2018 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 55 | 16 | 7 | 7 | 87.5% | 6 | 85.7% | ||||
| 2016 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 60 | 16 | 7 | 8 | 93.8% | 5 | 83.3% | ||||
| 2014 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 35 | 16 | 6 | 6 | 75.0% | 6 | 75.0% | ||||
Post-filing deadline analysis
The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in Maryland in 2024. Information below was calculated on March 19, 2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.
Eighty-seven candidates ran for Maryland’s eight U.S. House districts, including 58 Democrats and 29 Republicans. That’s 10.88 candidates per district, more than in the previous three election cycles. There were 8.12 candidates per district in 2022, 9.87 candidates per district in 2020, and 6.87 in 2018.
The total number of candidates who ran for the U.S. House in 2024 is also higher than any other year this decade.
Three districts—the 2nd, the 3rd, and the 6th—were open, meaning no incumbents ran. That’s the most open districts in an election cycle this decade.
Rep. David Trone (D-6th) did not run for re-election in order to run for the U.S. Senate, while Reps. Dutch Ruppersberger (D-2nd) and John Sarbanes (D-3rd) retired from public office.
Thirty-one candidates—22 Democrats and nine Republicans—ran for the open 3rd Congressional District, the most candidates that ran for a district in 2024.
Fourteen primaries—eight Democratic and six Republican—were contested in 2024. Fifteen primaries were contested in 2022, 16 primaries were contested in 2020, and 14 were in 2018.
Five incumbents—four Democrats and one Republican—faced primary challengers in 2024. That's fewer than in 2022, when six incumbents faced challengers, in 2020 when eight incumbents faced challengers, and in 2018, when six did.
Candidates filed to run in the Republican and Democratic primaries in all eight districts, meaning no seats were guaranteed to either party.Partisan Voter Index
Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+10. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 10 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Maryland's 3rd the 129th most Democratic district nationally.[24]
2020 presidential election results
The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.
| 2020 presidential results in Maryland's 3rd based on 2024 district lines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joe Biden |
Donald Trump | |||
| 61.7% | 36.2% | |||
Inside Elections Baselines
- See also: Inside Elections
Inside Elections' Baseline is a figure that analyzes all federal and statewide election results from the district over the past four election cycles. The results are combined in an index estimating the strength of a typical Democratic or Republican candidate in the congressional district.[25] The table below displays the Baseline data for this district.
| Inside Elections Baseline for 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Baseline |
Republican Baseline |
Difference | ||
| 58.6 | 38.9 | D+19.7 | ||
Presidential voting history
- See also: Presidential election in Maryland, 2020
Maryland presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 21 Democratic wins
- 10 Republican wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | R | D | D | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Maryland's congressional delegation as of May 2024.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Maryland | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| Republican | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 8 | 10 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Maryland's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.
| State executive officials in Maryland, May 2024 | |
|---|---|
| Office | Officeholder |
| Governor | |
| Lieutenant Governor | |
| Secretary of State | |
| Attorney General | |
State legislature
Maryland State Senate
| Party | As of February 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 34 | |
| Republican Party | 13 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 47 | |
Maryland House of Delegates
| Party | As of February 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 102 | |
| Republican Party | 39 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 141 | |
Trifecta control
The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.
Maryland Party Control: 1992-2024
Twenty-one years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D |
| Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Election context
Ballot access
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Maryland in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Maryland, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2024 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Maryland | U.S. House | Ballot-qualified party | N/A | $100.00 | 2/9/2024 | Source |
| Maryland | U.S. House | Unaffiliated | 1% of the eligible voters for the district | $100.00 | 8/5/2024 | Source |
District election history
The section below details election results for this office in elections dating back to 2018.
General election
General election for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Yuripzy Morgan (R) in the general election for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes (D) | 60.2 | 175,514 |
| | Yuripzy Morgan (R) | 39.7 | 115,801 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1% | 287 | ||
| Total votes: 291,602 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Ben Beardsley (D) and Jake Pretot (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on July 19, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes | 84.6 | 63,790 |
| Ben Beardsley | 9.1 | 6,854 | ||
| | Jake Pretot ![]() | 6.3 | 4,728 | |
| Total votes: 75,372 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Malcolm Colombo (D)
- Eselebor Okojie (D)
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Yuripzy Morgan (R) defeated Joe Kelley (R), Antonio Pitocco (R), Thomas Harris (R), and Amal Torres (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on July 19, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Yuripzy Morgan | 33.6 | 13,198 |
| Joe Kelley | 22.7 | 8,924 | ||
Antonio Pitocco ![]() | 20.5 | 8,041 | ||
| Thomas Harris | 12.6 | 4,966 | ||
| | Amal Torres ![]() | 10.6 | 4,171 | |
| Total votes: 39,300 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
General election
General election for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Charles Anthony (R) in the general election for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes (D) | 69.8 | 260,358 |
| | Charles Anthony (R) | 30.0 | 112,117 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.2% | 731 | ||
| Total votes: 373,206 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Joseph Ardito (D) and John Rea (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on June 2, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes | 82.5 | 110,457 |
| | Joseph Ardito ![]() | 13.4 | 17,877 | |
| John Rea | 4.2 | 5,571 | ||
| Total votes: 133,905 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Carole Brown (D)
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Charles Anthony (R) defeated Reba Hawkins (R), Thomas Harris (R), Rob Seyfferth (R), and Joshua Morales (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on June 2, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Charles Anthony | 41.7 | 12,040 |
| | Reba Hawkins ![]() | 22.6 | 6,535 | |
| Thomas Harris | 16.0 | 4,623 | ||
| Rob Seyfferth | 11.1 | 3,210 | ||
| | Joshua Morales | 8.6 | 2,487 | |
| Total votes: 28,895 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Michael Jette (R)
General election
General election for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Charles Anthony (R) and David Lashar (L) in the general election for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes (D) | 69.1 | 202,407 |
| | Charles Anthony (R) | 28.3 | 82,774 | |
| | David Lashar (L) | 2.6 | 7,476 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1% | 223 | ||
| Total votes: 292,880 (100% precincts reporting) | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Incumbent John Sarbanes (D) defeated Adam DeMarco (D), Eduardo Rosas (D), and John Rea (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on June 26, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Sarbanes | 82.3 | 64,567 |
| | Adam DeMarco | 8.6 | 6,778 | |
| | Eduardo Rosas | 6.2 | 4,847 | |
| John Rea | 2.9 | 2,300 | ||
| Total votes: 78,492 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3
Charles Anthony (R) defeated Thomas Harris (R) and Rob Seyfferth (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Maryland District 3 on June 26, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Charles Anthony | 43.6 | 6,935 |
| Thomas Harris | 36.0 | 5,722 | ||
| Rob Seyfferth | 20.5 | 3,254 | ||
| Total votes: 15,911 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2024 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This was a battleground election. Other 2024 battleground elections included:
- Alabama's 1st Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Republican primary)
- Nevada State Senate elections, 2024
- Wisconsin's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
See also
- Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024 (May 14 Democratic primary)
- Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
- United States House elections in Maryland, 2024 (May 14 Republican primaries)
- United States House elections in Maryland, 2024 (May 14 Democratic primaries)
- United States House Republican Party primaries, 2024
- United States House Democratic Party primaries, 2024
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2024
- U.S. House battlegrounds, 2024
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Feb. 26, 2024 Poll of U.S. House, MD-3, 2024, Democratic primary," accessed March 22, 2024
- ↑ Congressman John Sarbanes, "Sarbanes Statement on Decision to Note Seek Re-election in 2024," accessed March 22, 2024
- ↑ Baltimore Sun, "Redistricting and retirement of Democrat John Sarbanes in 2024 bring opportunity for GOP in Maryland’s 3rd District," October 31, 2023
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 ‘’Maryland Matters,’’ “Elfreth foes cry foul as AIPAC money seeps into 3rd District congressional race,” April 4, 2024
- ↑ Harry Dunn for Congress, "Where Harry Stands," accessed April 24, 20224
- ↑ Elfreth for Maryland, "Issues," accessed April 24, 2024
- ↑ Vote Mike Rogers, "Issues," accessed April 24, 2024
- ↑ Juan Dominguez for Congress, "Issues," accessed April 24, 2024
- ↑ Jewish Insider, "Harry Dunn is pushing back hard against AIPAC’s super PAC. But the pro-Israel PAC says it’s not concerned about his candidacy," April 3, 2024
- ↑ ‘’WUSA9,’’ “Meet the democratic candidates hoping to clinch the nomination in Maryland’s U.S. Senate race,” accessed March 22, 2024
- ↑ Harry Dunn for Congress, "Where Harry Stands," accessed March 22, 2024
- ↑ Elfreth for Maryland, "Endorsements," accessed March 26, 2024
- ↑ Capital Gazette, "Outgoing Sen. Ben Cardin voices support for state Sen. Sarah Elfreth’s congressional campaign," May 7, 2024
- ↑ Vote Mike Rogers for Congress, "Endorsements," accessed March 26, 2024
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
- ↑ Inside Elections, "Methodology: Inside Elections’ Baseline by Congressional District," December 8, 2023
