Michigan's 3rd Congressional District

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District

Incumbent

Hillary Scholten

Assumed office: January 3, 2023

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Hillary Scholten (D).

As of the 2020 Census, Michigan representatives represented an average of 775,726 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 707,973 residents.

Elections

• 2030
• 2028
• 2026
• 2024
• 2022
• 2020
• 2018

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2030

There are no official candidates yet for this election.

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2028

There are no official candidates yet for this election.

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Hillary Scholten (D), Zachary Ketchum (D), J. Allen Fiorletta (R), and Michael Markey Jr. (R) are running in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 3, 2026.

		Candidate
		Hillary Scholten (D)
	Submit photo	Zachary Ketchum (D)
	Submit photo	J. Allen Fiorletta (R)
		Michael Markey Jr. (R)

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Hillary Scholten (D) defeated Paul Hudson (R), Louis Palus (Working Class Party), and Alexander Avery (L) in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Hillary Scholten (D)	53.7	225,510
		Paul Hudson (R)	43.8	183,952
		Louis Palus (Working Class Party)	1.3	5,546
		Alexander Avery (L)	1.3	5,281

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 420,289
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Hillary Scholten (D) defeated Salim Al-Shatel (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Hillary Scholten	90.6	64,546
		Salim Al-Shatel	9.4	6,665

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 71,211
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Paul Hudson (R) defeated Michael Markey Jr. (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Paul Hudson	54.7	39,410
		Michael Markey Jr.	45.3	32,678

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 72,088
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• J. Allen Fiorletta (R)
• Jason Ickes (R)

Libertarian Party convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Alexander Avery (L) advanced from the Libertarian Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on July 20, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Alexander Avery

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Working Class Party convention

Working Class convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Louis Palus (Working Class Party) advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on June 23, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Louis Palus

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten (D) defeated John Gibbs (R), Jamie Lewis (L), and Louis Palus (Working Class Party) in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Hillary Scholten (D)	54.9	185,989
		John Gibbs (R)	42.0	142,229
		Jamie Lewis (L)	2.0	6,634
		Louis Palus (Working Class Party)	1.2	4,136

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 338,988
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten (D) advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 2, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Hillary Scholten	100.0	59,661

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 59,661
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

John Gibbs (R) defeated incumbent Peter Meijer (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 2, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		John Gibbs	51.8	54,136
		Peter Meijer	48.2	50,440

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 104,576
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Audra Lemons-Johnson (R)
• Gabriella Manolache (R)

Libertarian Party convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Jamie Lewis (L) advanced from the Libertarian Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on July 10, 2022.

		Candidate
✔		Jamie Lewis

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Working Class Party convention

Working Class convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Louis Palus (Working Class Party) advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on June 26, 2022.

		Candidate
✔		Louis Palus

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Peter Meijer (R) defeated Hillary Scholten (D), Richard Fuentes (Independent), and Shannon Hogan (Independent) in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Peter Meijer (R)	53.0	213,649
		Hillary Scholten (D)	47.0	189,769
	Submit photo	Richard Fuentes (Independent) (Write-in)	0.0	1
	Submit photo	Shannon Hogan (Independent) (Write-in)	0.0	0

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 403,419
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Justin Amash (L)

Democratic primary

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Hillary Scholten (D) advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 4, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Hillary Scholten	100.0	65,008

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 65,008
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Cathy Albro (D)
• Doug Booth (D)
• Amanda Le'Anne Brunzell (D)
• Nick Colvin (D)

Republican primary

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Peter Meijer (R) defeated Lynn Afendoulis (R), Tom Norton (R), Joe Farrington (R), and Emily Rafi (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 4, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Peter Meijer	50.2	47,273
		Lynn Afendoulis	26.1	24,579
		Tom Norton	15.8	14,913
	Submit photo	Joe Farrington	4.2	3,966
	Submit photo	Emily Rafi	3.7	3,462

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 94,193
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Andrew Jackson Willis (R)
• Joel Langlois (R)
• James Lower (R)

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Justin Amash (R) defeated Cathy Albro (D) and Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers Party) in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Justin Amash (R)	54.4	169,107
		Cathy Albro (D)	43.2	134,185
	Submit photo	Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers Party)	2.4	7,445
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0%	3

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 310,740
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Douglas Smith (Independent)

Democratic primary

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Cathy Albro (D) defeated Fred Wooden (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Cathy Albro	68.2	42,619
		Fred Wooden	31.8	19,903

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 62,522
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Jeff Thomas (D)

Republican primary

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Incumbent Justin Amash (R) advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Justin Amash	100.0	69,817

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 69,817
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Joe Farrington (R)

Previous election results

2016

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Justin Amash (R) defeated Douglas Smith (D) and Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election on November 8, 2016. No candidate faced a primary opponent in August.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Justin Amash Incumbent	59.5%	203,545
	Democratic	Douglas Smith	37.5%	128,400
	U.S. Taxpayers	Ted Gerrard	3%	10,420
Total Votes				342,365
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

2014

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2014

The 3rd Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014.
Incumbent Justin Amash (R) defeated challengers Bob Goodrich (D) and Tonya Duncan (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Justin Amash Incumbent	57.9%	125,754
	Democratic	Bob Goodrich	39%	84,720
	Green	Tonya Duncan	3.1%	6,691
Total Votes				217,165
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

General election candidates

• Justin Amash - Incumbenta
• Bob Goodrich
• Tonya Duncan

August 5, 2014, primary results

Republican Primary

• Justin Amash - Incumbenta
• Brian Ellis

Democratic Primary

• Bob Goodricha

2012

See also: Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2012

The 3rd Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Justin Amash won re-election in the district.

General election

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2012

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Steve Pestka	44.2%	144,108
	Republican	Justin Amash Incumbent	52.6%	171,675
	Libertarian	Bill Gelineau	3.2%	10,498
	Write-in	Steven Butler	0%	2
Total Votes				326,283
Source: Michigan Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Primary results

Democratic Primary

Michigan's 3rd Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2012

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Steve Petska	58.9%	13,408
Trevor Thomas	41.1%	9,373
Total Votes		22,781

2010
On November 2, 2010, Justin Amash won election to the United States House. He defeated Pat Miles (D), James Rogers (L), Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) and Charlie Shick (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Justin Amash	59.7%	133,714
	Democratic	Pat Miles	37.5%	83,953
	Libertarian	James Rogers	1.2%	2,677
	U.S. Taxpayers	Ted Gerrard	1%	2,144
	Green	Charlie Shick	0.7%	1,575
Total Votes				224,063

2008
On November 4, 2008, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Henry Sanchez (D) and Erwin Haas (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	61.1%	203,799
	Democratic	Henry Sanchez	35.4%	117,961
	Libertarian	Erwin Haas	3.5%	11,758
Total Votes				333,518

2006
On November 7, 2006, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated James Rinck (D), Jeff Steinport (L) and Rodger Gurk (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	63.1%	171,212
	Democratic	James Rinck	34.6%	93,846
	Libertarian	Jeff Steinport	1.4%	3,702
	Green	Rodger Gurk	1%	2,592
Total Votes				271,352

2004
On November 2, 2004, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Peter Hickey (D), Warren Adams (L) and Marcel Sales (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	66.6%	214,465
	Democratic	Peter Hickey	31.5%	101,395
	Libertarian	Warren Adams	1.1%	3,695
	U.S. Taxpayers	Marcel Sales	0.8%	2,548
Total Votes				322,103

2002
On November 5, 2002, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Kathryn Lynnes (D), Tom Quinn (L) and Richard Lucey (Reform) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	70%	153,131
	Democratic	Kathryn Lynnes	28.3%	61,987
	Libertarian	Tom Quinn	1.2%	2,613
	Reform	Richard Lucey	0.5%	1,124
Total Votes				218,855

2000
On November 7, 2000, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Timothy Steele (D), Erwin Haas (L), Tom Grego (U.S. Taxpayers), Kenneth Lowndes (Reform) and Jerry Berta (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	65%	179,539
	Democratic	Timothy Steele	33.1%	91,309
	Libertarian	Erwin Haas	0.9%	2,403
	U.S. Taxpayers	Tom Grego	0.4%	1,093
	Reform	Kenneth Lowndes	0.4%	1,053
	Natural Law	Jerry Berta	0.3%	866
Total Votes				276,263

1998
On November 3, 1998, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Ferguson, Jr. (D), Erwin Haas (L) and Lucille Wiggins (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1998
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	73.1%	146,364
	Democratic	John Ferguson, Jr.	24.7%	49,489
	Libertarian	Erwin Haas	1.3%	2,537
	Natural Law	Lucille Wiggins	0.9%	1,861
Total Votes				200,251

1996
On November 5, 1996, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Betsy Flory (D), Erwin Haas (L) and Eric Anderson (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1996
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	68.6%	169,466
	Democratic	Betsy Flory	29.5%	72,791
	Libertarian	Erwin Haas	1.2%	2,994
	Natural Law	Eric Anderson	0.7%	1,739
	N/A	Write-in	0%	53
Total Votes				247,043

1994
On November 8, 1994, Vernon Ehlers won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Betsy Flory (D), Barrie Leslie Konicov (L) and Susan Normandin (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1994
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vernon Ehlers incumbent	73.9%	136,711
	Democratic	Betsy Flory	23.5%	43,580
	Libertarian	Barrie Leslie Konicov	1.6%	2,960
	Natural Law	Susan Normandin	1%	1,815
	N/A	Scattering	0%	11
Total Votes				185,077

1992
On November 3, 1992, Paul Henry won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Carol Kooistra (D), Richard Whitelock (L) and Susan Normandin (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1992
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Paul Henry incumbent	61.3%	162,451
	Democratic	Carol Kooistra	36.2%	95,927
	Libertarian	Richard Whitelock	1.2%	3,232
	Natural Law	Susan Normandin	1.2%	3,228
	N/A	Write-in	0%	110
Total Votes				264,948

1990
On November 6, 1990, Howard Wolpe won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Brad Haskins (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 1990
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Howard Wolpe incumbent	57.9%	82,376
	Republican	Brad Haskins	42.1%	60,007
	N/A	Write-in	0%	7
Total Votes				142,390

District map

Redistricting

2020-2021

See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2020 census

Michigan’s congressional district boundaries became law on March 26, 2022, 60 days after the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) published its report on the redistricting plans with the secretary of state. On December 28, 2021, the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) approved what was named the "Chestnut" map by a vote of 8-5. Two Democrats, two Republicans, and four nonpartisan members voted to approve the plan with the five remaining commissioners in favor of other plans. As required, "at least two commissioners who affiliate with each major party, and at least two commissioners who do not affiliate with either major party" voted in favor of the adopted map.

The MICRC was established after voters approved a 2018 constitutional amendment that transferred the power to draw the state's congressional and legislative districts from the state legislature to a redistricting commission. Under the terms of the amendment, "Within 30 days after adopting a plan, the commission shall publish the plan and the material reports, reference materials, and data used in drawing it, including any programming information used to produce and test the plan." The adopted plan becomes law 60 days after the MICRC publishes that report.

Beth LeBlanc of The Detroit News wrote that, “Unlike other congressional maps the commission had to choose from, Chestnut was set apart by its inclusion of Grand Rapids and Muskegon in the same district, its grouping of Battle Creek and Kalamazoo and its ability to keep Jackson County whole, instead of breaking off part of the county into an Ann Arbor area district.” According to Clara Hendrickson and Todd Spangler of the Detroit Free Press, "According to three measures of partisan fairness based on statewide election data from the past decade, the map favors Republicans. But those measures also show a significant reduction in the Republican bias compared to the map drawn a decade ago by a Republican legislature, deemed one of the most politically biased maps in the country. One of the partisan fairness measures used by the commission indicates Democratic candidates would have an advantage under the new map." This map took effect for Michigan’s 2022 congressional elections.

How does redistricting in Michigan work? In Michigan, a non-politician commission is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district plans. The commission comprises 13 members, including four Democrats, four Republicans, and five unaffiliated voters or members of minor parties. In order for a map to be enacted, at least seven members must vote for it, including at least two Democrats, two Republicans, and two members not affiliated with either major party.

The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission prepared this document specifically explaining the redistricting process after the 2020 census.

2020

2024

2010-2011

This is the 3rd Congressional District of Michigan after the 2001 redistricting process.

See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2010 census

In 2011, the Michigan State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2026

Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is D+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd the 172nd most Democratic district nationally.

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd the 203rd most Democratic district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have defeated Donald Trump (R) 53.3%-44.8%.

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd the 203rd most Democratic district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 53.3% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 44.8%.

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+6. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 6 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Michigan's 3rd Congressional District the 183rd most Republican nationally.

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.03. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.03 points toward that party.

See also

• Redistricting in Michigan
• Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
• Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022
• Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2020
• Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2018

External links

• GovTrack District 3

Footnotes

[show]

Michigan's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Gary Peters (D)

Elissa Slotkin (D)

Representatives

District 1

Jack Bergman (R)

District 2

John Moolenaar (R)

District 3

Hillary Scholten (D)

District 4

Bill Huizenga (R)

District 5

Tim Walberg (R)

District 6

Debbie Dingell (D)

District 7

Tom Barrett (R)

District 8

Kristen Rivet (D)

District 9

Lisa McClain (R)

District 10

John James (R)

District 11

Haley Stevens (D)

District 12

Rashida Tlaib (D)

District 13

Shri Thanedar (D)

Democratic Party (8)

Republican Party (7)