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Montana state executive official elections, 2020

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2022
2018
Montana state executive official elections
Ballotpedia Election Coverage Badge.png
Election details
Filing deadline: March 9, 2020
Primary: June 2, 2020
General: November 3, 2020
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
Voting in Montana
Ballotpedia analysis
Federal and state primary competitiveness
State executive elections in 2020
Impact of term limits in 2020
State government trifectas and triplexes
Other state executive elections

Nine state executive offices were up for election in Montana in 2020:

Governor
Lieutenant Governor
Secretary of State
Superintendent of Public Instruction
Attorney General
Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor
Public Service Commission (3 seats)

Candidates and election results

Governor

General election

General election for Governor of Montana

Greg Gianforte defeated Mike Cooney, Lyman Bishop, and Chris Hall in the general election for Governor of Montana on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Greg Gianforte
Greg Gianforte (R)
 
54.4
 
328,548
Image of Mike Cooney
Mike Cooney (D)
 
41.6
 
250,860
Image of Lyman Bishop
Lyman Bishop (L)
 
4.0
 
24,179
Image of Chris Hall
Chris Hall (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
21

Total votes: 603,608
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Governor of Montana

Mike Cooney defeated Whitney Williams in the Democratic primary for Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Mike Cooney
Mike Cooney
 
54.9
 
81,527
Image of Whitney Williams
Whitney Williams
 
45.1
 
67,066

Total votes: 148,593
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for Governor of Montana

Greg Gianforte defeated Tim Fox and Albert Olszewski in the Republican primary for Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Greg Gianforte
Greg Gianforte
 
53.4
 
119,247
Image of Tim Fox
Tim Fox
 
27.3
 
60,823
Image of Albert Olszewski
Albert Olszewski
 
19.3
 
43,080

Total votes: 223,150
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Green primary election

Green primary for Governor of Montana

Robert Barb advanced from the Green primary for Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Robert Barb
 
100.0
 
713

Total votes: 713
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Lyman Bishop advanced from the Libertarian primary for Governor of Montana.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates


Lieutenant Governor

General election

General election for Lieutenant Governor of Montana

Kristen Juras defeated Casey Schreiner, John Nesper, and Darren Hall in the general election for Lieutenant Governor of Montana on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Kristen Juras
Kristen Juras (R)
 
54.4
 
328,548
Image of Casey Schreiner
Casey Schreiner (D)
 
41.6
 
250,860
John Nesper (L)
 
4.0
 
24,179
Darren Hall (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
21

Total votes: 603,608
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana

Casey Schreiner defeated Buzz Mattelin in the Democratic primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Casey Schreiner
Casey Schreiner
 
54.9
 
81,527
Buzz Mattelin
 
45.1
 
67,066

Total votes: 148,593
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana

Kristen Juras defeated Jon Knokey and Kenneth Bogner in the Republican primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Kristen Juras
Kristen Juras
 
53.4
 
119,247
Image of Jon Knokey
Jon Knokey
 
27.3
 
60,823
Image of Kenneth Bogner
Kenneth Bogner
 
19.3
 
43,080

Total votes: 223,150
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Green primary election

Green primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana

Joshua Thomas advanced from the Green primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Joshua Thomas
 
100.0
 
713

Total votes: 713
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. John Nesper advanced from the Libertarian primary for Lieutenant Governor of Montana.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates


Secretary of State

General election

General election for Montana Secretary of State

Christi Jacobsen defeated Bryce Bennett in the general election for Montana Secretary of State on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Christi Jacobsen
Christi Jacobsen (R)
 
59.6
 
352,939
Image of Bryce Bennett
Bryce Bennett (D)
 
40.4
 
239,617

Total votes: 592,556
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Secretary of State

Bryce Bennett advanced from the Democratic primary for Montana Secretary of State on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Bryce Bennett
Bryce Bennett
 
100.0
 
130,181

Total votes: 130,181
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Secretary of State

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for Montana Secretary of State on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Christi Jacobsen
Christi Jacobsen
 
29.4
 
57,941
Image of Scott Sales
Scott Sales
 
25.3
 
49,759
Image of Brad Johnson
Brad Johnson
 
23.1
 
45,526
Image of Forrest Mandeville
Forrest Mandeville
 
10.3
 
20,318
Image of Bowen Greenwood
Bowen Greenwood
 
7.1
 
14,080
Kurt Johnson
 
4.7
 
9,316

Total votes: 196,940
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Superintendent of Public Instruction

General election

General election for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction

Incumbent Elsie Arntzen defeated Melissa Romano and Kevin Leatherbarrow in the general election for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Elsie Arntzen
Elsie Arntzen (R)
 
52.2
 
310,111
Image of Melissa Romano
Melissa Romano (D) Candidate Connection
 
43.7
 
259,886
Image of Kevin Leatherbarrow
Kevin Leatherbarrow (L) Candidate Connection
 
4.1
 
24,202

Total votes: 594,199
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction

Melissa Romano advanced from the Democratic primary for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Melissa Romano
Melissa Romano Candidate Connection
 
100.0
 
132,792

Total votes: 132,792
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction

Incumbent Elsie Arntzen advanced from the Republican primary for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Elsie Arntzen
Elsie Arntzen
 
100.0
 
178,156

Total votes: 178,156
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Kevin Leatherbarrow advanced from the Libertarian primary for Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction.


Attorney General

General election

General election for Attorney General of Montana

Austin Knudsen defeated Raph Graybill in the general election for Attorney General of Montana on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Austin Knudsen
Austin Knudsen (R)
 
58.5
 
348,322
Image of Raph Graybill
Raph Graybill (D) Candidate Connection
 
41.5
 
247,025

Total votes: 595,347
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Attorney General of Montana

Raph Graybill defeated Kimberly Dudik in the Democratic primary for Attorney General of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Raph Graybill
Raph Graybill Candidate Connection
 
57.1
 
80,038
Image of Kimberly Dudik
Kimberly Dudik
 
42.9
 
60,143

Total votes: 140,181
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for Attorney General of Montana

Austin Knudsen defeated Jon Bennion in the Republican primary for Attorney General of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Austin Knudsen
Austin Knudsen
 
59.8
 
116,475
Image of Jon Bennion
Jon Bennion
 
40.2
 
78,419

Total votes: 194,894
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Green primary election

Green primary for Attorney General of Montana

Roy Davis advanced from the Green primary for Attorney General of Montana on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Roy Davis
 
100.0
 
752

Total votes: 752
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor

General election

General election for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor

Troy Downing defeated Shane Morigeau and Roger Roots in the general election for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Troy Downing
Troy Downing (R)
 
55.3
 
326,742
Image of Shane Morigeau
Shane Morigeau (D) Candidate Connection
 
39.4
 
232,634
Image of Roger Roots
Roger Roots (L)
 
5.3
 
31,267

Total votes: 590,643
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor

Shane Morigeau defeated Mike Winsor in the Democratic primary for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Shane Morigeau
Shane Morigeau Candidate Connection
 
61.3
 
78,608
Image of Mike Winsor
Mike Winsor Candidate Connection
 
38.7
 
49,601

Total votes: 128,209
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor

Troy Downing defeated Scott Tuxbury and Nelly Nicol in the Republican primary for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Troy Downing
Troy Downing
 
50.0
 
97,498
Image of Scott Tuxbury
Scott Tuxbury Candidate Connection
 
29.9
 
58,227
Image of Nelly Nicol
Nelly Nicol Candidate Connection
 
20.2
 
39,312

Total votes: 195,037
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Roger Roots advanced from the Libertarian primary for Montana Commissioner of Securities and Insurance, State Auditor.


Public Service Commissioner

District 2

General election

General election for Montana Public Service Commission District 2

Incumbent Tony O'Donnell defeated Valerie McMurtry in the general election for Montana Public Service Commission District 2 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Tony O'Donnell
Tony O'Donnell (R)
 
63.3
 
68,040
Valerie McMurtry (D)
 
36.7
 
39,482

Total votes: 107,522
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 2

Valerie McMurtry advanced from the Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 2 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Valerie McMurtry
 
100.0
 
20,630

Total votes: 20,630
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 2

Incumbent Tony O'Donnell defeated Kirk Bushman and Daniel Zolnikov in the Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 2 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Tony O'Donnell
Tony O'Donnell
 
36.2
 
14,281
Image of Kirk Bushman
Kirk Bushman
 
33.0
 
13,036
Image of Daniel Zolnikov
Daniel Zolnikov
 
30.8
 
12,130

Total votes: 39,447
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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District 3

General election

General election for Montana Public Service Commission District 3

James Brown defeated Tom Woods in the general election for Montana Public Service Commission District 3 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of James Brown
James Brown (R)
 
54.3
 
75,464
Image of Tom Woods
Tom Woods (D)
 
45.7
 
63,608

Total votes: 139,072
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 3

Tom Woods advanced from the Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 3 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Tom Woods
Tom Woods
 
100.0
 
33,066

Total votes: 33,066
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 3

James Brown defeated Alan George in the Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 3 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of James Brown
James Brown
 
64.8
 
24,076
Alan George
 
35.2
 
13,090

Total votes: 37,166
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

District 4

General election

General election for Montana Public Service Commission District 4

Jennifer Fielder defeated Monica Tranel in the general election for Montana Public Service Commission District 4 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jennifer Fielder
Jennifer Fielder (R)
 
52.1
 
64,726
Image of Monica Tranel
Monica Tranel (D) Candidate Connection
 
47.9
 
59,481

Total votes: 124,207
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 4

Monica Tranel defeated Daniel Carlino in the Democratic primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 4 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Monica Tranel
Monica Tranel Candidate Connection
 
76.9
 
25,888
Image of Daniel Carlino
Daniel Carlino Candidate Connection
 
23.1
 
7,786

Total votes: 33,674
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 4

Jennifer Fielder defeated Will Deschamps and Champ Edmunds in the Republican primary for Montana Public Service Commission District 4 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jennifer Fielder
Jennifer Fielder
 
44.9
 
16,665
Will Deschamps
 
35.1
 
13,040
Image of Champ Edmunds
Champ Edmunds
 
20.0
 
7,412

Total votes: 37,117
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Context of the 2020 elections

Party control in Montana

Montana Party Control: 1992-2025
No Democratic trifectas  •  Fifteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Governor R R R R R R R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R
Senate D D D R R R R R R R R R R D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
House D R R R R R R R R R R R R S S R R S S R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Voter information

How the primary works

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Montana utilizes an open primary system, in which registered voters do not have to be members of a party to vote in that party's primary.[1][2]

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Poll times

In Montana, polling place must be open from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., although in areas with fewer than 400 registered voters, polling places may open as late as 12:00 p.m.[3]

Registration requirements

Check your voter registration status here.

To register to vote in Montana, each applicant must be a citizen of the United States, a non-temporary resident of Montana for at least 30 days prior to the election, and at least 18 years old by the day of the election.[4] People serving a felony sentence in a penal institution and those who have been declared by a court to be of unsound mind are not eligible to vote.[5]

An individual can register to vote in person by completing a registration application at their county election office. They can register by mailing the application to their county election administrator or submitting it when applying for or renewing a driver’s license or state ID. Applicants may also register to vote at their county election offices, certain designated locations, or at their designated polling location on Election Day.[5][6]

Automatic registration

See also: Automatic voter registration

Montana does not practice automatic voter registration.

Online registration

See also: Online voter registration

Montana does not permit online voter registration.

Same-day registration

See also: Same-day voter registration

Montana allows same-day voter registration. An eligible voter may register before noon on Election Day.[7]

Residency requirements

In order to register to vote in Montana, applicants must have lived in the state for at least 30 days prior to the election. Montana law says an individual does not gain residency if they relocate for, "temporary work, training, or an educational program, without the intention of making that county or the state the individual's permanent home at the conclusion of the temporary work, training, or educational program."[8]

Verification of citizenship

See also: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States

Montana does not require proof of citizenship for voter registration. An individual applying to register to vote must attest that they are a U.S. citizen under penalty of perjury.

All 49 states with voter registration systems require applicants to declare that they are U.S. citizens in order to register to vote in state and federal elections, under penalty of perjury or other punishment.[9] Seven states — Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Wyoming — have laws requiring verification of citizenship at the time of voter registration, whether in effect or not. In three states — California, Maryland, and Vermont — at least one local jurisdiction allows noncitizens to vote in some local elections. Noncitizens registering to vote in those elections must complete a voter registration application provided by the local jurisdiction and are not eligible to register as state or federal voters.

Verifying your registration

The site My Voter Page, run by the Montana secretary of state’s office, allows residents to check their voter registration status online.

Voter ID requirements

Montana requires voters to present identification while voting.

Montana's voter identification requirements are outlined in Section 13-13-114 of Montana Code. The law states, "Before an elector is permitted to receive a ballot or vote, the elector shall present to an election judge one of the following forms of identification showing the elector's name that is current, valid, and readable:"[10]

  • (i) a Montana driver's license, Montana state identification card issued pursuant to 61-12-501, military identification card, tribal photo identification card, United States passport, or Montana concealed carry permit, or student photo identification card issued by the Montana university system or a school that is a member of the national association of intercollegiate athletics; or
  • (ii) (A) a current utility bill, bank statement, paycheck, government check, or other government document that shows the elector's name and current address; and (B) photo identification that shows the elector's name.[11]

Early voting

Montana permits early voting. Learn more by visiting this website.

Early voting permits citizens to cast ballots in person at a polling place prior to an election. In states that permit no-excuse early voting, a voter does not have to provide an excuse for being unable to vote on Election Day. States that allow voters to cast no-excuse absentee/mail-in ballots in person are counted as no-excuse early voting states.

Forty-seven states and the District of Columbia permit no-excuse early voting.

Absentee voting

All voters are eligible to vote absentee in Montana. There are no special eligibility requirements for voting absentee.[12]

To vote absentee, an absentee ballot application must be received by county election officials by noon the day prior to the election. A returned absentee ballot must be postmarked on or before Election Day in order to be counted.[12]


Past elections

2018

The following elections took place in 2018:

See also

Montana State Executive Elections News and Analysis
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State government trifectas
State of the state addresses
Partisan composition of governors

External links

Footnotes

  1. National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed April 19, 2023
  2. Christi Jacobsen Montana Secretary of State,"Frequently Asked Questions," accessed April 19, 2023
  3. Montana Code Annotated 2023, "§ 13-1-106. Time of opening and closing of polls for all elections -- exceptions," accessed June 10, 2025
  4. Montana law says an individual does not gain residency if they relocate for "temporary work, training, or an educational program, without the intention of making that county or the state the individual's permanent home at the conclusion of the temporary work, training, or educational program." See HB 413 from 2025 for more information.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Montana Secretary of State, “Montana Voter Registration Application,” accessed June 10, 2025
  6. Montana Motor Vehicle Division, “Additional Considerations when Getting Your License or ID,” accessed June 10, 2025
  7. Montana Legislative Services, "SB 490: Revise election laws regarding late registration," accessed June 9, 2025
  8. Montana Legislative Services, "HB 413: Revise election laws regarding residency," accessed June 9, 2025
  9. Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."
  10. Montana Code Annotated 2023, "§ 13-13-114. Voter Identification And Marking Precinct Register Book Before Elector Votes -- Provisional Voting," accessed June 9, 2025
  11. Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  12. 12.0 12.1 Montana Secretary of State, “Voting by Absentee Ballot,” accessed June 10, 2025