Montana state legislative districts
 |
List of state legislative districts |
There are 150 seats in the Montana State Legislature. A total of 125 seats, 25 of the Montana State Senate and all 100 of the Montana House of Representatives, are up for election every two years.
Montana enacted new legislative district boundaries after the 2020 census on February 22, 2023, when the Montana Districting & Apportionment Commission (MDAC) submitted its final plan to the secretary of state. The commission had voted 3-2 to approve the final plan on February 11, 2023. The two Democratic-appointed commissioners and the commission's chairperson—that the state supreme court appointed—voted to approve the plan. The two Republican-appointed commissioners voted against it. These districts took effect for the 2024 elections. Click here for more information about redistricting after the 2020 census.
Chambers
Click the following tabs for more information about each chamber:
Senate
As of the 2020 Census, Montana state senators represented an average of 21,708 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 19,888 residents.
Qualifications
According to Part V, Section 4, of the Montana Constitution, in order to be eligible to serve in the Montana State Senate, [1] "A candidate for the legislature shall be a resident of the state for at least one year next preceding the general election. For six months next preceding the general election, he shall be a resident of the county if it contains one or more districts or of the district if it contains all or parts of more than one county."
According to the Montana Secretary of State, candidates must be U.S. citizens.[2]
Candidates must be registered voters in the state.[3][4]
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the Montana State Legislature, the board of county commissioners of the county that comprises the legislative district of the vacant seat must select a replacement. The secretary of state must notify the board of county commissioners and the state party that holds the vacant seat no later than seven days after being informed of the vacancy. The county central committee has 45 days after receiving notice from the secretary of state to provide a list of candidates to the board of county commissioners. The board must select a replacement no later than 15 days after receiving the list of candidates. If the legislature is in session, the selection must be made no later than five days after receiving a candidate list.[5] Any person selected to fill a House seat serves for the remainder of the unfilled term. Any person selected to fill a Senate seat serves until the next scheduled general election.[6]
See sources: Montana Const. Art. 5, Sec 7 and Montana Code Ann. §5-2-402
Term limits
- See also: State legislatures with term limits
The Montana legislature is one of 16 state legislatures with term limits. Voters enacted the Montana Term Limits Act in 1992. That initiative said that Montana senators cannot serve more than two four-year terms, or a total of eight years in any 16-year period.[7]
The first year that the term limits enacted in 1992 impacted the ability of incumbents to run for office was in 2000.[8]
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[9] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $104.86/legislative day | $171/day |
Districts
These are links to every district in the Montana State Senate.
House
As of the 2020 Census, Montana state representatives represented an average of 10,854 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 9,944 residents.
Qualifications
According to Part V, Section 4, of the Montana Constitution, in order to be eligible to serve in the Montana House of Representatives,[10] "A candidate for the legislature shall be a resident of the state for at least one year next preceding the general election. For six months next preceding the general election, he shall be a resident of the county if it contains one or more districts or of the district if it contains all or parts of more than one county."
According to the Montana Secretary of State, candidates must be U.S. citizens.[11]
Candidates must be registered voters in the state.[12][13]
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the Montana State Legislature, the board of county commissioners of the county that comprises the legislative district of the vacant seat must select a replacement. The secretary of state must notify the board of county commissioners and the state party that holds the vacant seat no later than seven days after being informed of the vacancy. The county central committee has 45 days after receiving notice from the secretary of state to provide a list of candidates to the board of county commissioners. The board must select a replacement no later than 15 days after receiving the list of candidates. If the legislature is in session, the selection must be made no later than five days after receiving a candidate list.[14] Any person selected to fill a House seat serves for the remainder of the unfilled term. Any person selected to fill a Senate seat serves until the next scheduled general election.[15]
See sources: Montana Const. Art. 5, Sec 7 and Montana Code Ann. §5-2-402
Term limits
- See also: State legislatures with term limits
The Montana legislature is one of 16 state legislatures with term limits. Voters enacted the Montana Term Limits Act in 1992. That initiative said that Montana representatives cannot serve more than four two-year terms, or a total of eight years in any 16-year period.[16]
The first year that the term limits enacted in 1992 impacted the ability of incumbents to run for office was in 2000.[8]
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[17] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $104.86/legislative day | $171/day |
Districts
These are links to every district in the Montana House of Representatives.
Redistricting
Montana uses a non-politician commission for congressional and state legislative redistricting. This commission comprises five members. The majority and minority leaders of each chamber of the state legislature select one member a piece. These four members then select a fifth to serve as the commission's chair. If the first four commissioners are unable to agree on an appointment, the Montana Supreme Court may select the fifth member.[18]
The Montana Constitution requires that no commissioner be a public official. State statutes require that two of the first four commissioners "must be selected from certain counties (roughly, in the Montana Rockies to the west) and two must be selected from the rest of the state (to the east)."[18]
The state's Districting and Apportionment Commission must complete congressional redistricting within 90 days of receiving federal census data. It must prepare a legislative redistricting plan "by the 10th legislative day of the first regular session after the federal census results are available. The Legislature then has 30 days to make recommendations to the commission. Within 30 days of receiving the Legislature's recommendations, the commission must file the redistricting plan with the Secretary of State, and it becomes law. Although the commission may modify the plan to accommodate the Legislature's recommendations, it is not required to do so."[19]
The state constitution requires that districts be both contiguous and compact.[18]
| “ | The ... commission has stated that it may gauge compactness by looking to a district's general appearance, and the degree to which it fosters "functional compactness" through "travel and transportation, communication, and geography." The commission has similarly determined that it will, in drawing legislative districts, consider the boundary lines of political subdivisions (counties, cities, towns, school districts, Indian reservations, neighborhood commissions, and others); follow geographic boundaries; and consider keeping intact communities of interest (based on "Indian reservations, urban[, suburban, or rural] interests, . . . neighborhoods, trade areas, geographic location, communication and transportation networks, media markets, social, cultural and economic interests, or occupations and lifestyles").[20] | ” |
| —All About Redistricting | ||
Montana enacted new legislative district boundaries after the 2020 census on February 22, 2023, when the Montana Districting & Apportionment Commission (MDAC) submitted its final plan to the secretary of state. The commission had voted 3-2 to approve the final plan on February 11, 2023. The two Democratic-appointed commissioners and the commission's chairperson—that the state supreme court appointed—voted to approve the plan. The two Republican-appointed commissioners voted against it. These districts took effect for the 2024 elections.
The MDAC voted 3-2 to submit its final legislative district boundary proposal to the legislature on December 21, 2022. The commission's nonpartisan chairperson, Maylinn Smith, and two Democratic-appointed commissioners voted to approve the map, and the two Republican-appointed commissioners voted against it.[21] The legislature provided recommendations on the plan via a joint House-Senate resolution on February 2, 2023. The MDAC incorporated some, but not all, of the legislature's proposed amendments into the final plan.
Montana was the last state to enact legislative redistricting plans after the 2020 census. The state constitution requires that the redistricting commission submit legislative maps to the legislature so they can provide non-binding recommendations before they are enacted. Montana's legislature only meets in odd-numbered years and adjourned in April 2021, before U.S. Census data was delivered to the states on August 12, 2021.[22]
Shaylee Ragar of Montana Public Radio wrote that "According to data compiled by Democrats on the commission, the map could give Republicans a 20-seat advantage in the House and an 8-seat advantage in the Senate. It projects Democrats picking up a few seats currently held by Republicans."[23] Arren Kimbel-Sannit wrote in the Montana Free Press that, "In sum, the new maps could cost Republicans several seats while still leaving them a sizable majority that at least suggests the GOP’s dominance in recent elections."[24]
Senate elections
Montana state senators serve staggered, four-year terms and half of the Senate is up for election every two years. Montana holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2026
Elections for the Montana State Senate will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.
2024
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2024
Elections for the Montana State Senate took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 4, 2024. The filing deadline was March 11, 2024.
2022
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2022
Elections for the Montana State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was March 14, 2022.
In the 2022 election, Republicans increased their majority in the Montana State Senate from 31-19 to 34-16.
| Montana State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
| Democratic Party | 19 | 16 | |
| Republican Party | 31 | 34 | |
| Total | 50 | 50 | |
2020
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2020
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 2, 2020. The filing deadline was March 9, 2020.
In the 2020 election, Republicans increased their majority in the Montana State Senate from 30-20 to 31-19.
| Montana State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
| Democratic Party | 20 | 19 | |
| Republican Party | 30 | 31 | |
| Total | 50 | 50 | |
2018
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2018
Elections for the Montana State Senate took place in 2018. An open primary took place on June 5, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was March 12, 2018.[25]
In the 2018 elections, the Republican majority in the Montana State Senate was reduced from 32-18 to 30-20.
| Montana State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 18 | 20 | |
| Republican Party | 32 | 30 | |
| Total | 50 | 50 | |
2016
- See also: Montana State Senate elections, 2016
Elections for the Montana State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election was held on June 7, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 14, 2016. A total of 25 seats out of the 50 seats in the Montana State Senate were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 29-20 majority with one vacancy. Republicans gained three seats in the election, giving them a 32-18 majority.
| Montana State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 20 | 18 | |
| Republican Party | 29 | 32 | |
| Vacancy | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 50 | 50 | |
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2014
Elections for the Montana State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on June 3, 2014, and a general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for major party candidates wishing to run in this election was March 10, 2014; minor party and independent candidates had until June 2, 2014, to file. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 29-21 majority. No partisan change occurred in the election.
2012
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 5, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was March 12, 2012. A total of 25 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 27-22 majority with one vacancy. After the election, Republicans held a 27-23 majority.
The table below details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election in 2012.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $907,978. The top 10 contributors were:[26]
2010
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on June 8, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 15, 2010. A total of 26 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 27-22 majority with one vacancy. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 28-22 majority.
During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $993,331. The top 10 donors were:[27]
2008
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 3, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. Twenty-five seats were up for election. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $744,742. The top 10 contributors were:[28]
2006
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. Twenty-five seats were up for election. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $687,206. The top 10 contributors were:[29]
2004
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 3, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. Twenty-five seats were up for election. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $600,450. The top 10 contributors were:[30]
2002
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2002, and a general election on November 7, 2002. Twenty-five seats were up for election. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $521,540. The top 10 contributors were:[31]
2000
Elections for the office of Montana State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. Twenty-six seats were up for election. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $395,126. The top 10 contributors were:[32]
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House elections
Montana state representatives serve two-year terms, with all seats up for election every two years. Montana holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
Elections for the Montana House of Representatives will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.
2024
Elections for the Montana House of Representatives took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 4, 2024. The filing deadline was March 11, 2024.
Heading into the 2024 elections, Republicans held a 68-32 majority. After the election, the Republican majority was 58-42.
| Montana House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 5, 2024 | After November 6, 2024 | |
| Democratic Party | 32 | 42 | |
| Republican Party | 68 | 58 | |
| Total | 100 | 100 | |
2022
Elections for the Montana House of Representatives took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was March 14, 2022.
In the 2022 elections, Republicans increased their majority in the Montana House of Representatives from 67-33 to 68-32.
| Montana House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
| Democratic Party | 33 | 32 | |
| Republican Party | 67 | 68 | |
| Total | 100 | 100 | |
2020
Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 2, 2020. The filing deadline was March 9, 2020.
In the 2020 elections, Republicans increased their majority in the Montana House of Representatives from 58-42 to 67-33.
| Montana House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
| Democratic Party | 42 | 33 | |
| Republican Party | 58 | 67 | |
| Total | 100 | 100 | |
2018
Elections for the Montana House of Representatives took place in 2018. An open primary took place on June 5, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was March 12, 2018.[33]
In the 2018 elections, the Republican majority in the Montana House of Representatives was reduced from 59-41 to 58-42.
| Montana House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 41 | 42 | |
| Republican Party | 59 | 58 | |
| Total | 100 | 100 | |
2016
Elections for the Montana House of Representatives took place in 2016. The primary election was held on June 7, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 14, 2016. All 100 seats in the Montana House of Representatives were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 59-41 majority. No partisan change occurred in the election.
| Montana House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 41 | 41 | |
| Republican Party | 59 | 59 | |
| Total | 100 | 100 | |
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2014Elections for the Montana House of Representatives took place in 2014. A primary election took place on June 3, 2014, and a general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was March 10, 2014; minor party and independent candidates had until June 2, 2014, to file. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 61-39 majority. Republicans lost two seats in the election, giving them a 59-41 majority.
2012Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 5, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was March 12, 2012. All 100 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 68-32 majority. Republicans lost five seats in the election, giving them a 63-37 majority.
The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,593,820. The top 10 contributors were:[34]
2010Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives took place in 2010. The primary election was held on June 8, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 15, 2010. All 100 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, the chamber was split between Democrats and Republicans with a 50-50 majority. Republicans gained 18 seats in the election, giving them a 68-32 majority.
During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,611,045. The top 10 donors were:[35]
2008Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 3, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. All 100 seats were up for election. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,793,389. The top 10 contributors were:[36]
2006Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. All 100 seats were up for election. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,796,765. The top 10 contributors were:[37]
2004Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 4, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. All 100 seats were up for election. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,271,652. The top 10 contributors were:[38]
2002Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 4, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. All 100 seats were up for election. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $994,198. The top 10 contributors were:[39]
2000Elections for the office of Montana House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. All 100 seats were up for election. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to House candidates was $1,119,382. The top 10 contributors were:[40]
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District maps
State Senate
State House
See also
- State legislature
- Montana State Legislature
- Montana State Senate
- Montana House of Representatives
- List of Montana state legislative elections
Footnotes
- ↑ Constitution of the State of Montana, "Article 5, Section 4," accessed May 22, 2025
- ↑ Montana Secretary of State, "2024 Offices, Qualifications, and Fees," accessed May 27, 2025
- ↑ "Montana Secretary of State, "Declaration for Nomination and Oath of Candidacy," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ "Montana Secretary of State, "Write-In Candidate Declaration of Intent and Oath of Candidacy," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ Montana Legislature, "Montana Code Annotated," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute 5-2-402 (3) (a)-(c))
- ↑ Montana Legislature, "Montana Code Annotated," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute 5-2-405 (1)-(2))
- ↑ Montana State Constitution, "Article 4, Section 8," accessed February 9, 2021
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 U.S. Term Limits, "State Legislative Term Limits," accessed February 4, 2021
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ The Constitution of the State of Montana, "Article 5, Section 4," accessed May 22, 2025
- ↑ Montana Secretary of State, "2024 Offices, Qualifications, and Fees," accessed May 27, 2025
- ↑ "Montana Secretary of State, "Declaration for Nomination and Oath of Candidacy," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ "Montana Secretary of State, "Write-In Candidate Declaration of Intent and Oath of Candidacy," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ Montana Legislature, "Montana Code Annotated," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute 5-2-402 (3) (a)-(c))
- ↑ Montana Legislature, "Montana Code Annotated," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute 5-2-405 (1)-(2))
- ↑ Montana State Constitution, "Article 4, Section 8," accessed February 9, 2021
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 All About Redistricting, "Montana," accessed April 29, 2015
- ↑ Montana State Legislature, "Districting and Apportionment Commission," accessed October 6, 2021
- ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Daily Montanan, "Redistricting Commission votes to send map to the legislature for recommendations," December 21, 2022
- ↑ Montana State Legislature, "Constitution of Montana -- Article V -- THE LEGISLATURE," accessed June 2, 2022
- ↑ Montana Public Radio, "Redistricting commission adopts final legislative maps," February 13, 2023
- ↑ Montana Free Press, "Explaining the why and the where of Montana’s new legislative districts," February 13, 2023
- ↑ Montana Secretary of State, "2018 Election Calendar," accessed June 22, 2017
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2012 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2010 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2008 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2006 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2004 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2002 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2000 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Montana Secretary of State, "2018 Election Calendar," accessed June 22, 2017
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2012 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2010 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2008 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2006 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2004 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2002 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Montana 2000 - Candidates," accessed June 2, 2014
