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New Hampshire House of Representatives elections, 2024
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| 2024 New Hampshire House Elections | |
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| Primary | September 10, 2024 |
| General | November 5, 2024 |
| Past Election Results |
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General elections for the New Hampshire House of Representatives took place on November 5, 2024. All 400 seats in 203 districts were up for election.
At the time of the election, Republicans held a 197-191 majority in the chamber, with one independent and 11 vacancies. Republicans controlled the House since 2021. Following the election, Republicans maintained a 222-178 majority. The state also maintained a Republican trifecta.
The New Hampshire House of Representatives has a combination of single-member legislative districts, where a district elects one representative, and multi-member legislative districts, where a district elects multiple representatives. The number of seats per district is determined by population.[1] Multi-member districts in New Hampshire use a bloc with partial abstention voting method, where voters receive as many votes as there are seats, can only vote for a candidate once, and can choose to not use all of their votes.
Before the election, Politico reported that the New Hampshire Legislature was one of the most likely to change partisan control in 2024.[2] Since 2010, the House had changed partisan control six times. According to NBC News, House Democrats campaigned on passing legislation to guarantee abortion access in the state, while House Republicans campaigned on addressing crime and drug use.[3]
Ballotpedia identified 57 battleground districts heading into the election. Twenty-seven of the battleground races were in single-member districts, with Democrats representing 13 and Republicans representing 14. Thirty of the battleground races were in multi-member districts, with Democrats representing two, Republicans representing 11, and 17 split between parties. Incumbents ran in 48 of these races, while the other nine were in open districts, meaning no incumbents ran. To read more about the battleground elections, click here.
Eight incumbents lost in primaries. Ninety-one incumbents did not seek re-election. To read more about incumbents who did not advance to the general election, click here.
New Hampshire was one of 23 states that had a Republican trifecta, since Republicans controlled the governorship and both legislative chambers. Ballotpedia identified New Hampshire's Republican trifecta as highly vulnerable. To read more about trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections, click here.
The New Hampshire House of Representatives was one of 85 state legislative chambers with elections in 2024 across 99 chambers throughout the country. The primaries were held on September 10, 2024.
Voting information
- See also: Voting in New Hampshire
Battleground elections
Ballotpedia identified the battleground elections below based on media coverage and race ratings.
Of the 57 battleground districts, Republicans represented 25, Democrats represented 15, and 17 were split between parties. Nintey-two incumbents ran in 48 of these races, while the other nine races were in open districts, meaning no incumbents ran.
Candidates
General election
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection
Democratic
RepublicanPrimary
Party control
| New Hampshire House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 5, 2024 | After November 6, 2024 | |
| Democratic Party | 191 | 177 | |
| Republican Party | 197 | 221 | |
| Independent | 0 | 1 | |
| Nonpartisan | 1 | 0 | |
| Vacancy | 11 | 1 | |
| Total | 400 | 400 | |
Incumbents who were not re-elected
Incumbents defeated in general elections
Twenty-two incumbent(s) lost in general elections. The average number of incumbents who lost in each general election from 2010 to 2022 was 46.6.
Incumbents defeated in primaries
Nine incumbents lost in primaries. This tied 2014 for the fewest incumbent defeats since Ballotpedia began gathering data in 2010.
Retiring incumbents
Ninety-two incumbents did not file for re-election in 2024.[37] The average number of retirements between 2010 to 2022 was 101.0. Those incumbents were:
Primary election competitiveness
This section contains data on state legislative primary election competitiveness in New Hampshire. These totals include data from all regularly-scheduled House and Senate elections. For more information about Ballotpedia's competitiveness analysis of state legislative elections, please click here.
Post-filing deadline analysis
The following analysis covers all state legislative districts up for election in New Hampshire in 2024. Information below was calculated on August 19, 2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.
New Hampshire had 52 contested state legislative primaries on September 10, the fewest since Ballotpedia started tracking in 2010.
The 52 contested primaries amounted to 11.5% of all possible state legislative primaries. Ballotpedia defines a contested primary as one with more candidates than nominations available.
There were 18 contested Democratic primaries and 34 contested Republican primaries. For Democrats, this was the fewest since 2012; for Republicans, this was the fewest since Ballotpedia began tracking.
All 424 seats of the General Court had up for election, and 820 candidates ran in the primaries. Among them, there were 407 Democrats and 413 Republicans. For Democrats, this was the lowest turnout since 2014; for Republicans, it was the lowest turnout since Ballotpedia started tracking in 2010.
There were 328 incumbents running in the primaries. Among them, 89, or about 27.1%, were contested.
There were 96 open seats, including 92 in the House and four in the Senate. The average number of retirements from 2010 to 2022 was 106.7.
Heading into the 2024 elections, New Hampshire had a Republican trifecta. Republicans had a 14-10 majority in the Senate and a 197-194-1 majority in the House with eight vacancies. Since 1992, there had been 13 years of Republican trifectas and four years of Democratic trifectas in New Hampshire.
Politico included New Hampshire on their list of five states “where Republicans and Democrats are waging the biggest battles for control of state legislatures.”[38]
Politico’s Liz Crampton wrote, “Control of the Legislature has switched back and forth between parties over the years, underscoring the opportunity for either party to sell voters on a different vision for policymaking. The open gubernatorial race — GOP Gov. Chris Sununu isn’t running for reelection — has the potential to drive out more voters in November, giving either party a coattails push.”[38]
The Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee included New Hampshire on its list of top states to protect or expand power. The Republican State Leadership Committee said New Hampshire was on their list of top states to defend.[39][40]
Open seats
The table below shows the number and percentage of open seats in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 2010 to 2024.[41] It will be updated as information becomes available following the state’s candidate filing deadline.
| Open Seats in New Hampshire House of Representatives elections: 2010 - 2024 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Total seats | Open seats | Seats with incumbents running for re-election |
| 2024 | 400 | 92 (23 percent) | 308 (77 percent) |
| 2022 | 400 | 118 (30 percent) | 282 (70 percent) |
| 2020 | 400 | 78 (20 percent) | 322 (80 percent) |
| 2018 | 400 | 103 (26 percent) | 297 (74 percent) |
| 2016 | 400 | 103 (26 percent) | 297 (74 percent) |
| 2014 | 400 | 93 (23 percent) | 307 (77 percent) |
| 2012 | 400 | 118 (30 percent) | 282 (70 percent) |
| 2010 | 400 | 93 (23 percent) | 307 (77 percent) |
Legislative referrals
- See also: Legislative referral
A legislative referral, or legislatively referred ballot measure, is a ballot measure that appears on the ballot due to a vote of the state legislature. A legislative referral can be a constitutional amendment, state statute, or bond issue.
As of the 2024 election, a 60% vote was required during one legislative session for the New Hampshire General Court to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounted to a minimum of 240 votes in the New Hampshire House of Representatives and 15 votes in the New Hampshire State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments did not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
In New Hampshire, an amendment needed to receive support from two-thirds (66.67%) of the votes cast on the measure.
At the time of the 2024 election, Republicans held a 14-10 majority in the Senate and a 199-194 majority in the House. Democrats needed to win five Senate seats and 46 House seats to be able to pass legislative referrals without Republican votes. Republicans needed to win one Senate seat and 41 House seats to have the same ability.
Process to become a candidate
See statutes: New Hampshire Revised Statutes, Chapter 655: Nominations
For party candidates
A recognized political party candidate seeking placement on the primary election ballot must file a declaration of candidacy. On this declaration, the candidate must affirm that he or she is both a registered voter and a registered member of the party whose nomination he or she is pursuing.[42]
In addition to filing the declaration of candidacy, the candidate must do one of the following.[43]
1.) Pay an administrative assessment fee. Fees are established by state law and vary according to the office being sought.[43][44]
| Administrative assessment fees | |
|---|---|
| Office | Fee |
| Governor, United States Senator | $100 |
| United States Representative | $50 |
| Executive Councilor | $25 |
| State Senator | $10 |
| State Representative | $2 |
2.) File primary petitions. The number of required petition papers (each of which contains one signature) is established by state law and varies according to the office being sought.[43][44]
| Primary petitions | |
|---|---|
| Office | Number of petitions |
| Governor, United States Senator | 200 |
| United States Representative | 100 |
| Executive Councilor | 50 |
| State Senator | 20 |
| State Representative | 5 |
A written "assent to candidacy" must accompany the submitted primary petitions.[43][45]
A candidate for state-level office must also file a financial disclosure form.[46]
Filing paperwork for most offices is submitted to the New Hampshire Secretary of State. Filing paperwork for state House candidates is submitted to the town or city clerk of the municipality where the candidate resides. Filings must be made between the first Wednesday in June and the Friday of the following week.[43][47]
For nonparty candidates
A candidate seeking placement on the general election ballot must file a declaration of intent. The declaration of intent must be filed between the first Wednesday in June and the Friday of the following week.[48][49]
In addition to filing this declaration, the candidate must do one of the following.[43]
1.) Pay an administrative assessment fee. Fees are established by state law and vary according to the office being sought.[43]
| Administrative assessment fees | |
|---|---|
| Office | Fee |
| Governor, United States Senator | $100 |
| United States Representative | $50 |
| Executive Councilor | $25 |
| State Senator | $10 |
| State Representative | $2 |
2.) File nomination papers. Nomination papers must include the name and residence of the candidate, the office being sought, and the political organization or principles the candidate represents. The number of required nomination papers (each of which contains one signature) is established by state law and varies according to the office being sought.[43][50]
| Nomination papers | |
|---|---|
| Office | Number of papers |
| Governor, United States Senator | 3,000** |
| United States Representative | 1,500 |
| Executive Councilor | 750 |
| State Senator | 750 |
| State Representative | 150 |
| ** Of the 3,000 required signatures/papers, 1,500 must be collected from each of the state's two congressional districts. | |
A candidate for state-level office must also file a financial disclosure form.[46]
Prior to final filing, nomination papers must be submitted for certification to the Supervisors of the Checklist in each town or city where signatures were collected. Nomination papers must be submitted for certification by 5:00 p.m. on the Wednesday five weeks before the primary. Nomination papers are ultimately due to the New Hampshire Secretary of State by 5:00 p.m. on the Wednesday before the primary.[43]
For write-in candidates
A write-in candidate does not need to file any special forms in order to have his or her votes tallied. In the event that a write-in candidate wins the nomination of a party at a primary election, he or she is required to file a declaration of candidacy with the New Hampshire Secretary of State no later than the first Monday following the primary election. Also, a write-in candidate must have received at least 35 votes in order to be considered the winner of a primary election.[51]
Qualifications
Article 14 of Part 2 of the New Hampshire Constitution states, "Every member of the house of representatives shall be chosen by ballot; and, for two years, at least, next preceding his election shall have been an inhabitant of this state; shall be, at the time of his election, an inhabitant of the town, ward, place, or district he may be chosen to represent and shall cease to represent such town, ward, place, or district immediately on his ceasing to be qualified as aforesaid."
Salaries and per diem
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[52] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $100/year | No per diem is paid. |
When sworn in
New Hampshire legislators assume office on the first Wednesday of December following the general election.[53]
New Hampshire political history
Trifectas
A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government.
New Hampshire Party Control: 1992-2025
Four years of Democratic trifectas • Fourteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | R |
Presidential politics in New Hampshire
2020
- See also: Presidential election, 2020
Presidential election in New Hampshire, 2020
Candidate/Running mate |
% |
Popular votes |
Electoral votes |
||
| ✔ |
 
| Joe Biden/Kamala D. Harris (D) |
52.7
|
424,937 | 4 |
 
| Donald Trump/Mike Pence (R) |
45.4
|
365,660 | 0 | |
 
| Jo Jorgensen/Spike Cohen (L) |
1.6
|
13,236 | 0 | |
| Other write-in votes |
0.3
|
2,372 | 0 | ||
 |
Total votes: 806,205 |
2016
- See also: Presidential election, 2016
| U.S. presidential election, New Hampshire, 2016 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | Electoral votes | |
| Democratic |  Hillary Clinton/Tim Kaine |
46.8% | 348,526 | 4 | |
| Republican | Donald Trump/Mike Pence | 46.5% | 345,790 | 0 | |
| Libertarian | Gary Johnson/Bill Weld | 4.1% | 30,777 | 0 | |
| Green | Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka | 0.9% | 6,496 | 0 | |
| American Delta | Roque De La Fuente/Michael Steinberg | 0.1% | 678 | 0 | |
| - | Write-in votes | 1.6% | 12,029 | 0 | |
| Total Votes | 744,296 | 4 | |||
| Election results via: New Hampshire Secretary of State | |||||
Note: Write-in votes from New Hampshire can be found here.
New Hampshire presidential election results (1900-2024)
- 14 Democratic wins
- 18 Republican wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | R | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | R | D | D | D | D | D | D |
2024 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This was a battleground election. Other 2024 battleground elections included:
- New York's 3rd Congressional District special election, 2024
- North Carolina Attorney General election, 2024 (March 5 Democratic primary)
- Pennsylvania Auditor election, 2024
See also
| New Hampshire | State Legislative Elections | News and Analysis |
|---|---|---|
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2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014 2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 |
|
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ New Hampshire, "State Constitution - House of Representatives," accessed October 30, 2024
- ↑ Politico, "These 5 states are the most likely to see legislative chambers flip in November," June 19, 2-24
- ↑ 'NBC News, "These are the battlegrounds where state legislative control is up for grabs," September 28, 2024
- ↑
- Seat 1: Toss-Up
- Seat 2: Lean Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Likely Republican
- Seat 2: Likely Democratic
- Seat 3: Tilt Democratic
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Very Likely Republican
- Seat 3: Lean Republican
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Democratic
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑ Michael Murphy (R) won a 2023 special election for the district 53.8%-46.2%.
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Republican
- Seat 2: Tilt Republican
- Seat 3: Tilt Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Republican
- Seat 2: Tilt Republican
- Seat 3: Tilt Republican
- Seat 4: Tilt Democratic
- Seat 5: Toss-Up
- Seat 6: Toss-Up
- Seat 7: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Very Likely Democratic
- Seat 2: Likely Democratic
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- Seat 5: Lean Democratic
- Seat 6: Toss-Up
- Seat 7: Toss-Up
- Seat 8: Tilt Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Democratic
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Tilt Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- Seat 4: Tilt Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Republican
- Seat 2: Lean Republican
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Toss-Up
- Seat 2: Lean Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Toss-Up
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- Seat 3: Tilt Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Very Likely Democratic
- Seat 2: Likely Democratic
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Lean Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Democratic
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Very Likely Republican
- Seat 3: Lean Republican
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Democratic
- Seat 2: Tilt Democratic
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑ Hal Rafter (D) won a 2023 special election for the district 55.9%-44.1%.
- ↑
- Seat 1: Toss-Up
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Very Likely Republican
- Seat 2: Likely Republican
- Seat 3: Lean Republican
- Seat 4: Lean Republican
- Seat 5: Lean Republican
- Seat 6: Tilt Republican
- Seat 7: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Solid Republican
- Seat 2: Solid Republican
- Seat 3: Solid Republican
- Seat 4: Tilt Republican
- ↑
- Seat 1: Likely Democratic
- Seat 2: Lean Democratic
- Seat 3: Likely Democratic
- Seat 4: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Very Likely Republican
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Likely Democratic
- Seat 2: Tilt Democratic
- Seat 3: Lean Democratic
- ↑ Chuck Grassie (D) won a 2023 special election to the district 55.7%-44.3% after the 2022 general election was declared a tie.
- ↑
- Seat 1: Toss-Up
- Seat 2: Tilt Democratic
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Likely Democratic
- Seat 2: Lean Democratic
- Seat 3: Toss-Up
- ↑
- Seat 1: Tilt Democratic
- Seat 2: Toss-Up
- ↑ Ballotpedia defines an incumbent as retiring if the incumbent did not file for office or filed for office but withdrew, was disqualified, or otherwise left a race in a manner other than losing the primary, primary runoff, or convention. If an incumbent runs as a write-in candidate, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring. If an incumbent runs in the same chamber for a different seat, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Politico, "These 5 states are the most likely to see legislative chambers flip in November," June 19, 2024
- ↑ DLCC.org,"Path to the Majority: Expanding the Map," accessed August 19, 2024
- ↑ RSLC.gop,"RSLC Announces State Legislative Targets For 2024 Election Cycle," accessed August 19, 2024
- ↑ Ballotpedia defines a seat as open if the incumbent did not file to run for re-election or filed but withdrew and did not appear on any ballot for his or her seat. If the incumbent withdrew from or did not participate in the primary but later chose to seek re-election to his or her seat as a third party or independent candidate, the seat would not be counted as open. If the incumbent retired or ran for a different seat in the same chamber, his or her original seat would be counted as open unless another incumbent from the same chamber filed to run for that seat, in which case it would not be counted as open due to the presence of an incumbent.
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:17," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.8 New Hampshire Secretary of State, "New Hampshire - Filing Period," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:19-c," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:25," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 New Hampshire Secretary of State, "Election Forms," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:14," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:17-a," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:14-a," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 655:42," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ New Hampshire Revised Statutes, "Title LXIII, Section 659:88," accessed May 29, 2025
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ New Hampshire Constitution, "Part II, Article 3," accessed February 10, 2021
