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New Jersey state legislative special elections, 2025

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As of September, one special election has been called to fill a vacant seat in the New Jersey State Legislature.

Click here to read more about the special elections.

House special elections called:

How vacancies are filled in New Jersey


If there is a vacancy in the New Jersey State Legislature, the vacancy will be filled by an interim appointment by the county leadership of the political party that holds the seat. The office will be on the ballot in the next general election, unless the vacancy occurs within 51 days of the election. If that is the case, the appointment would stand until the following general election.[1][2]

DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: New Jersey Const., Art. IV, Sec. IV(1)


About the legislature

The New Jersey State Legislature is the state of New Jersey's legislative branch, seated in the New Jersey State House at the state's capital, Trenton. The Legislature is bicameral, consisting of two houses: the New Jersey General Assembly and the New Jersey Senate.

The boxes below show the partisan composition of both chambers directly before and after the most recent general elections prior to 2025. For the most up-to-date numbers on partisan composition in this legislature, see here (Senate) and here (House).

New Jersey State Senate
Party As of November 7, 2023 After November 8, 2023
     Democratic Party 25 Pending
     Republican Party 15 Pending
Total 40 40
New Jersey General Assembly
Party As of November 7, 2023 After November 8, 2023
     Democratic Party 46 52
     Republican Party 34 28
Total 80 80

Special elections

Click [show] to the right of the district name for more information:

November 4, 2025

Historical data

There were 1,007 state legislative special elections that took place from 2010 to 2024. New Jersey held 22 special elections during the same time period. The largest number of special elections in New Jersey took place in 2018 when 10 special elections were held.

The table below details how many state legislative special elections were held in a state in a given year.

Special elections throughout the country

See also: State legislative special elections, 2025

As of September 2025, 89 state legislative special elections have been scheduled for 2025 in 22 states. One special election has also been called to fill a vacancy in the Puerto Rico House of Representatives. Between 2011 and 2024, an average of 70 special elections took place each year.

Breakdown of 2025 special elections

In 2025, special elections for state legislative positions are being held for the following reasons:

  • 36 due to appointment, election, or the seeking of election to another position
  • 25 due to resignation
  • 14 due to redistricting
  • 13 due to the death of the incumbent
  • 1 due to the officeholder leaving at term end


Impact of special elections on partisan composition

The partisan breakdown for the special elections is as follows:

As of September 26th, 2025, Republicans controlled 55.5% of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held 43.68%. Republicans held a majority in 57 chambers, and Democrats held the majority in 39 chambers. Two chambers (Alaska House and Alaska Senate) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. One chamber (Minnesota House of Representatives) was split evenly between both parties.

Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats
Legislative chamber Democratic Party Republican Party Grey.png Other Vacant
State senates 834 1,122 5 12
State houses 2,392 2,977 20 24
Total: 3,226

4,099

25

36


The table below details how many seats changed parties as the result of a special election in 2025. The number on the left reflects how many vacant seats were originally held by each party, while the number on the right shows how many vacant seats each party won in the special elections.

Note: This table reflects information for elections that have been held and not the total number of vacant seats.

Partisan Change from Special Elections (2025)
Party As of Special Election After Special Election
     Democratic Party 49 26
     Republican Party 40 20
     Independent 0 1
Total 89 47

Flipped seats

In 2025, as of August 26, four seats have changed party hands as a result of state legislative special elections.


Seats that changed from D to I

Seats that changed from R to D



See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ New Jersey Legislature, "Our Legislature," accessed February 10, 2021
  2. ↑ New Jersey Legislature, "New Jersey Constitution," accessed February 10, 2021 (Article IV, Section 4, (1))
  3. ↑ State of New Jersey, "Official List - Candidates for State Senate," April 3, 2025
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