New York's 1st Congressional District

New York's 1st Congressional District

Incumbent

Nicholas J. LaLota

Assumed office: January 3, 2023

New York's 1st Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Nicholas J. LaLota (R).

As of the 2020 Census, New York representatives represented an average of 777,529 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 719,298 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2024

New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Democratic primary)

New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 1

Incumbent Nicholas J. LaLota defeated John Avlon in the general election for U.S. House New York District 1 on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Nicholas J. LaLota (R / Conservative Party)	55.2	226,285
		John Avlon (D)	44.8	183,540
		Other/Write-in votes	0.1	275

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 410,100
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Patrick Denman (Independent)
• Jarrett Matthews Adorno (Independent)
• George Devolder-Santos (Independent)
• Ryan Kalata (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1

John Avlon defeated Nancy Goroff in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1 on June 25, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		John Avlon	70.1	19,383
		Nancy Goroff	29.9	8,253

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 27,636
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Kyle Hill (D)
• James Gaughran (D)
• Andy DeCecco (D)
• Craig Herskowitz (D)
• Saint Jermaine Endeley (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Nicholas J. LaLota advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• George Devolder-Santos (R)
• Darrion Stewart (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Nicholas J. LaLota advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Daniel Foti (Conservative Party)

2022

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 1

Nicholas J. LaLota defeated Bridget M. Fleming in the general election for U.S. House New York District 1 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Nicholas J. LaLota (R / Conservative Party)	55.5	177,040
		Bridget M. Fleming (D / Working Families Party)	44.5	141,907
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	48

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 318,995
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Bridget M. Fleming advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• John Atkinson (D)
• Austin Smith (D)
• David Barsky (D)
• Kara Hahn (D)
• Nicholas Antonucci (D)
• Alex Zajic (D)
• Gregory-John Fischer (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 1

Nicholas J. LaLota defeated Michelle Bond and Anthony Figliola in the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 1 on August 23, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Nicholas J. LaLota	47.3	12,015
	Submit photo	Michelle Bond	27.6	7,015
		Anthony Figliola	25.1	6,391

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 25,421
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Cait Corrigan (R)
• Edward Moore (R)
• Dean Gandley (R)
• Pat Hahn (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Nicholas J. LaLota advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Bridget M. Fleming advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Bob Cohen (Working Families Party)

2020

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 1

Incumbent Lee Zeldin defeated Nancy Goroff in the general election for U.S. House New York District 1 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Lee Zeldin (R / Conservative Party / Independence Party)	54.8	205,715
		Nancy Goroff (D / Working Families Party)	45.1	169,294
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	107

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 375,116
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Luca Nascimbene (Independent)
• Joshua Goldfein (Working Families Party)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1

Nancy Goroff defeated Perry Gershon, Bridget M. Fleming, and Greg Fischer in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1 on June 23, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Nancy Goroff	36.0	17,970
		Perry Gershon	34.7	17,303
		Bridget M. Fleming	27.5	13,718
		Greg Fischer	1.6	775
		Other/Write-in votes	0.2	110

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 49,876
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Lee Zeldin advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• David Gokhshtein (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Lee Zeldin advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Independence Party primary election

The Independence Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Lee Zeldin advanced from the Independence Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Joshua Goldfein advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

2018

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 1

Incumbent Lee Zeldin defeated Perry Gershon and Kate Browning in the general election for U.S. House New York District 1 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Lee Zeldin (R)	51.5	139,027
		Perry Gershon (D)	47.4	127,991
		Kate Browning (Women's Equality Party)	1.1	2,988

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 270,006 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Patricia Latzman (Working Families Party)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1

Perry Gershon defeated Kate Browning, Vivian Viloria-Fisher, David Pechefsky, and Elaine DiMasi in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 1 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Perry Gershon	35.5	7,902
		Kate Browning	30.6	6,813
		Vivian Viloria-Fisher	16.3	3,616
		David Pechefsky	11.5	2,565
		Elaine DiMasi	6.0	1,344

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 22,240
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Brendon Henry (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Lee Zeldin advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Women's Equality Party primary election

The Women's Equality Party primary election was canceled. Kate Browning advanced from the Women's Equality Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Patricia Latzman advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 1.

2016

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as a race to watch. Incumbent Lee Zeldin (R) defeated Anna Throne-Holst (D) and Kenneth Schaeffer (Working Families) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Throne-Holst defeated Dave Calone in the Democratic primary, which remained uncalled for several weeks following the election. The primary elections took place on June 28, 2016.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Lee Zeldin Incumbent	58.2%	188,499
	Democratic	Anna Throne-Holst	41.8%	135,278
Total Votes				323,777
Source: New York Board of Elections

U.S. House, New York, District 1 Democratic Primary, 2016

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Anna Throne-Holst	51.3%	6,479
Dave Calone	48.7%	6,162
Total Votes		12,641
Source: New York State Board of Elections

2014

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District elections, 2014

The 1st Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Tim Bishop (D) was defeated by Lee Zeldin (R), switching the partisan control of the seat from Democratic to Republican. Bishop ran uncontested in the Democratic, Working Families and Independence Party primaries on June 24, 2014. Zeldin defeated George Demos in the Republican primary and also ran uncontested for the Conservative Party nomination.

New York's 1st was considered a battleground district in 2014. Bishop had been in office for 10 years, but in 2012 he won re-election by a mere 4.6 percent margin of victory. The 2012 presidential elections leaned Democratic as well, but President Barack Obama won the district by only 0.5 percent. Bishop's seat was viewed as vulnerable by the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC), and Bishop was a member of their Frontline Program to protect vulnerable incumbents. Zeldin received help from his party as well, as the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) added him to their "On the Radar" list.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop Incumbent	45.5%	78,722
	Republican	Lee Zeldin	54.4%	94,035
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	108
Total Votes				172,865
Source: New York State Board of Elections, "NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021

2012

See also: New York's 1st Congressional District elections, 2012

The 1st Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Tim Bishop won re-election in the district.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2012

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop Incumbent	52.5%	146,179
	Republican	Randy Altschuler	47.5%	132,304
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	176
Total Votes				278,659
Source: New York State Board of Elections, "NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012," accessed August 30, 2021

2010
On November 2, 2010, Tim Bishop won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Randy Altschuler (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop	50.1%	98,316
	Republican	Randy Altschuler	49.8%	97,723
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	125
Total Votes				196,164

2008
On November 4, 2008, Tim Bishop won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Lee Zeldin (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop incumbent	58.4%	162,083
	Republican	Lee Zeldin	41.6%	115,545
	N/A	Write-in votes	0%	13
Total Votes				277,641

2006
On November 7, 2006, Tim Bishop won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Italo Zanzi (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop incumbent	58.3%	104,360
	Republican	Italo Zanzi	35.4%	63,328
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	6.4%	11,425
Total Votes				179,113

2004
On November 2, 2004, Tim Bishop won re-election to the United States House. He defeated William Manger (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop incumbent	49.8%	156,354
	Republican	William Manger	38.8%	121,855
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	11.4%	35,757
Total Votes				313,966

2002
On November 5, 2002, Tim Bishop won election to the United States House. He defeated Felix Grucci (R) and Lorna Salzman (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tim Bishop	47.2%	84,276
	Republican	Felix Grucci incumbent	45.7%	81,524
	Green	Lorna Salzman	1.1%	1,991
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	6%	10,739
Total Votes				178,530

2000
On November 7, 2000, Felix J. Grucci, Jr. won election to the United States House. He defeated Regina Seltzer (D), William G. Hoist (G) and Michael P. Forbes (Working Familiies) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 1 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Felix J. Grucci, Jr.	49.4%	133,020
	Democratic	Regina Seltzer	36.1%	97,299
	Green	William G. Hoist	1.1%	2,967
	Working Families	Michael P. Forbes	2.3%	6,318
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	11%	29,574
Total Votes				269,178

Redistricting

2020-2024

See also: Redistricting in New York after the 2020 census

On February 28, 2024, Gov. Kathy Hochul (D) signed a new congressional map into law. The state Assembly voted 115-35 to approve the map on February 27. The state Senate voted 45-18 to approve the map the same day.

According to Nicholas Fandos of The New York Times, "Although a pair of swing districts would become more Democratic, lawmakers in Albany left the partisan makeup of 24 of the state’s 26 districts largely intact. The middle-ground approach reflected a desire to avoid another protracted court fight like the one in New York that helped swing control of the House to Republicans in 2022, while still better positioning Democrats in key districts."

On December 12, 2023, the New York Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, ruled in a 4-3 decision that the independent redistricting commission did not follow the state's congressional redistricting process and ordered the commission to reconvene and re-draw congressional district boundaries by February 28 for use in the 2024 elections. The court's majority opinion stated, "In 2014, the voters of New York amended our Constitution to provide that legislative districts be drawn by an Independent Redistricting Commission (IRC). The Constitution demands that process, not districts drawn by courts. Nevertheless, the IRC failed to discharge its constitutional duty. That dereliction is undisputed. The Appellate Division concluded that the IRC can be compelled to reconvene to fulfill that duty; we agree. There is no reason the Constitution should be disregarded."

How does redistricting in New York work? On March 14, 2012, the state legislature approved a constitutional amendment to establish new redistricting procedures beginning in 2020. The New York Constitution requires that two successive legislatures approve an amendment in order to qualify it for final approval by popular vote. The legislature approved the amendment a second time in 2013. On November 4, 2014, voters approved the amendment, the provisions of which were set to take effect during the 2020 redistricting cycle.

The 10-member commission comprises the following members:

1. Two members must be appointed by the temporary president of the New York State Senate.
2. Two members must be appointed by the speaker of the New York State Assembly.
3. Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Senate.
4. Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Assembly.
5. Two members must appointed by the aforementioned eight commissioners. These two appointees cannot have been enrolled in the top two major political parties in the state.

The legislature must approve the commission's plans by a simple up/down vote. The legislature must reject two separate sets of redistricting plans before it will be able to amend the commission's proposals. All districts will be required "to preserve minority rights, be equally populated, and consist of compact and contiguous territory." Further, state law will require that districts "not be drawn to discourage competition or to favor/disfavor candidates or parties." In prior redistricting cycles, authority for both congressional and state legislative redistricting was vested with the state legislature. An advisory commission participated in the process.

State law requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. State legislative districts must also take into account the "historic and traditional significance of counties."

Below are the congressional maps in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections.

New York District 1
before 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

New York District 1
after 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

2010-2011

This is the 1st Congressional District of New York after the 2001 redistricting process.

See also: Redistricting in New York after the 2010 census

In 2011, the New York State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2026

Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is R+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made New York's 1st the 196th most Democratic district nationally.

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made New York's 1st the 199th most Republican district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 50.3%-48.5%.

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+3. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 3 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made New York's 1st the 206th most Republican district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 49.5% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 49.3%.

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+5. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 5 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made New York's 1st Congressional District the 197th most Republican nationally.

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.02. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.02 points toward that party.

See also

• Redistricting in New York
• New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2024
• New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2022
• New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2020
• New York's 1st Congressional District election, 2018

External links

• GovTrack District 1

Footnotes

[show]

New York's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

Chuck Schumer (D)

Representatives

District 1

Nicholas LaLota (R)

District 2

Andrew Garbarino (R)

District 3

Tom Suozzi (D)

District 4

Laura Gillen (D)

District 5

Gregory Meeks (D)

District 6

Grace Meng (D)

District 7

Nydia Velazquez (D)

District 8

Hakeem Jeffries (D)

District 9

Yvette Clarke (D)

District 10

Daniel Goldman (D)

District 11

Nicole Malliotakis (R)

District 12

Jerrold Nadler (D)

District 13

Adriano Espaillat (D)

District 14

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D)

District 15

Ritchie Torres (D)

District 16

George Latimer (D)

District 17

Michael Lawler (R)

District 18

Pat Ryan (D)

District 19

Josh Riley (D)

District 20

Paul Tonko (D)

District 21

Elise Stefanik (R)

District 22

John Mannion (D)

District 23

Nick Langworthy (R)

District 24

Claudia Tenney (R)

District 25

Joseph Morelle (D)

District 26

Tim Kennedy (D)

Democratic Party (21)

Republican Party (7)