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New York state legislative election results, 2024

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2024 Election Results
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Elections by state and year

The sections below contain analysis of election results in the state legislative elections for New York in 2024.

General election results

Senate

See also: New York State Senate elections, 2024
Candidate list
officecandidatepartystatus
Anthony Palumbo
Anthony Palumbo Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Common Sense Suffolk Party
Lost General
Mario Mattera
Mario Mattera Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Dean Murray
Dean Murray Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Monica Martinez
Monica Martinez Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Steven Rhoads
Steven RhoadsCandidate Connection Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Jack Martins
Jack Martins Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Alexis Weik
Alexis Weik Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Common Sense
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Jessica Ramos
Jessica Ramos Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Leroy Comrie
Leroy Comrie Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Joseph Addabbo
Joseph Addabbo Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Conservative Party
Lost General
John Liu
John Liu Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Iwen Chu
Iwen Chu Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Julia Salazar
Julia Salazar Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Roxanne Persaud
Roxanne Persaud Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Zellnor Myrie
Zellnor Myrie Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Kevin Parker
Kevin Parker Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Simcha Felder
Simcha Felder Incumbent
Republican, Democratic, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Andrew Lanza
Andrew Lanza Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Jabari Brisport
Jabari Brisport Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Brian Kavanagh
Brian Kavanagh Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Liz Krueger
Liz Krueger Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Jose M. Serrano
Jose M. Serrano Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Cordell Cleare
Cordell Cleare Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Robert Jackson
Robert Jackson Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Luis Sepúlveda
Luis Sepúlveda Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Jamaal Bailey
Jamaal Bailey Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Shelley Mayer
Shelley Mayer Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Working Families Party
Lost General
Robert Rolison
Robert Rolison Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Peter Harckham
Peter Harckham Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
James Skoufis
James Skoufis Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Jacob Ashby
Jacob Ashby Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
James Tedisco
James Tedisco Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Dan Stec
Dan Stec Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Rachel May
Rachel May Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Mark Walczyk
Mark Walczyk Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Peter Oberacker
Peter Oberacker Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Lea Webb
Lea WebbCandidate Connection Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Local 607 Party
Lost General
Joseph Griffo
Joseph Griffo Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Pamela Helming
Pamela Helming Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Samra Brouk
Samra Brouk Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Jeremy Cooney
Jeremy Cooney Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
George Borrello Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Thomas O'Mara
Thomas O'Mara Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Sean Ryan
Sean Ryan Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Robert Ortt
Robert Ortt Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

State Assembly

See also: New York State Assembly elections, 2024
Candidate list
officecandidatepartystatus
Democratic, Working Families Party, Common Sense Suffolk Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Stop Overdevelopment Coalition
Lost General
Jodi Giglio
Jodi Giglio Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Edward Flood Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Doug Smith
Doug Smith Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Philip Ramos
Philip Ramos Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Jarett Gandolfo
Jarett Gandolfo Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Michael Durso
Michael Durso Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Steve Stern
Steve Stern Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Keith Brown
Keith Brown Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Charles Lavine
Charles Lavine Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
David McDonough
David McDonough Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Gina Sillitti
Gina Sillitti Incumbent
Democratic
Lost General
John Mikulin
John Mikulin Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Edward Ra
Edward Ra Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Eric Ari Brown
Eric Ari Brown Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Brian Curran
Brian Curran Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, We the People Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Common Sense Party, Secure Border Party
Lost General
David Weprin
David Weprin Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
People First
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Nily Rozic
Nily Rozic Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Conservative Party, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Sam Berger
Sam Berger Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Andrew Hevesi
Andrew Hevesi Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, We the People Party, Truth Party
Lost General
Alicia Hyndman Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Steven Raga
Steven Raga Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Vivian Cook
Vivian Cook Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Clyde Vanel
Clyde Vanel Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Zohran Mamdani
Zohran Mamdani Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Catalina Cruz Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Ron Kim
Ron Kim Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Democratic, Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Pro-Israel Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
William Colton
William Colton Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Conservative Party
Won General
Lester Chang
Lester Chang Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Emily Gallagher
Emily Gallagher Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Jo Anne Simon
Jo Anne Simon Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Maritza Davila
Maritza Davila Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Erik Dilan
Erik Dilan Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Latrice Walker
Latrice Walker Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Jaime Williams
Jaime Williams Incumbent
Republican, Democratic, Conservative Party
Won General
Nikki Lucas
Nikki Lucas Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Charles Fall
Charles Fall Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Michael Reilly
Michael Reilly Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Common Sense Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Grace Lee
Grace Lee Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Deborah Glick
Deborah Glick Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Linda Rosenthal
Linda Rosenthal Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Eddie Gibbs
Eddie Gibbs Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Alfred Taylor
Alfred Taylor Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Alex Bores
Alex Bores Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Harvey Epstein Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Tony Simone
Tony Simone Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Landon Dais
Landon Dais Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
George Alvarez
George Alvarez Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Chantel Jackson
Chantel Jackson Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Carl Heastie
Carl Heastie Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Amanda Septimo
Amanda Septimo Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Yudelka Tapia
Yudelka Tapia Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Karines Reyes
Karines Reyes Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Amy Paulin
Amy Paulin Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
J. Gary Pretlow
J. Gary Pretlow Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Nader Sayegh
Nader Sayegh Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Steven Otis
Steven Otis Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Chris Burdick
Chris Burdick Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Matthew Slater
Matthew SlaterCandidate Connection Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Dana Levenberg
Dana LevenbergCandidate Connection Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
John W. McGowan
John W. McGowan Incumbent
Republican
Lost General
Conservative Party
Lost General
Karl Brabenec
Karl Brabenec Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, People Over Politics Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Brian Maher
Brian Maher Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Didi Barrett
Didi Barrett Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Phil Steck
Phil Steck Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic, People First
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Mary Beth Walsh
Mary Beth Walsh Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Carrie Woerner
Carrie Woerner Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Matthew Simpson
Matthew Simpson Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
D. Billy Jones
D. Billy Jones Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Scott Gray
Scott Gray Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Robert Smullen Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Mohawk Valley 1st Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
William Barclay
William Barclay Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Joe Angelino
Joe Angelino Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Brian Miller
Brian Miller Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Donna Lupardo
Donna LupardoCandidate Connection Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party, Economic Renewal Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Anna Kelles
Anna Kelles Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Al Stirpe
Al Stirpe Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Pamela Hunter Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Democratic
Won General
Brian Manktelow Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Jeff Gallahan
Jeff Gallahan Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Josh Jensen
Josh Jensen Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Sarah Clark
Sarah Clark Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Demond Meeks
Demond Meeks Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Harry Bronson
Harry Bronson Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Stephen Hawley
Stephen Hawley Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
William Conrad
William Conrad Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Democratic
Won General
Patrick Burke
Patrick Burke Incumbent
Democratic
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party
Lost General
Karen McMahon Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Lost General
David DiPietro
David DiPietro Incumbent
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic
Lost General
Jonathan Rivera
Jonathan Rivera Incumbent
Democratic, Working Families Party
Won General
Republican, Conservative Party
Won General
Democratic, Working Families Party, Restore Freedom Party
Lost General

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Retiring incumbents

See also: Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2024

Senate

Five incumbents did not file for re-election in 2024.[1] The average number of retirements each election cycle from 2010 to 2022 was seven. Those incumbents were:

Name Party Office
Kevin Thomas Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 6
Luis Sepúlveda Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 32
Neil Breslin Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 46
John Mannion Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 50
Tim Kennedy Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 63

State Assembly

Thirteen incumbents did not file for re-election in 2024.[2] The average number of retirements each election cycle from 2010 to 2022 was 17. Those incumbents were:

Name Party Office
Fred Thiele Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 1
Kimberly Jean-Pierre Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 11
Taylor Darling Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 18
Jeffrion Aubry Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 35
Helene Weinstein Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 41
Daniel O'Donnell Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 69
Inez Dickens Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 70
Kenneth Zebrowski Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 96
Aileen Gunther Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 100
Patricia Fahy Electiondot.png Democratic Assembly District 109
Marjorie Byrnes Ends.png Republican Assembly District 133
Joseph Giglio Ends.png Republican Assembly District 148
Andrew Goodell Ends.png Republican Assembly District 150

Primary election competitiveness

See also: Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024

This section contains data on state legislative primary election competitiveness in New York. These totals include data from all regularly-scheduled House and Senate elections. For more information about Ballotpedia's competitiveness analysis of state legislative elections, please click here.

Post-filing deadline analysis

The following analysis covers all state legislative districts up for election in New York in 2024. Information below was calculated on June 18, 2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.

Seventeen of New York's 213 state legislative seats up for election in 2024 were open, meaning no incumbent filed.

This was the fewest for the state since Ballotpedia began tracking these figures in 2010, and newcomers were guaranteed at least eight percent of the legislature the following year.

New York had 35 contested state legislative primaries in 2024, down 44% from 2022. Of these, there were 31 for Democrats and four for Republicans. For Democrats, this was down from 53 in 2022, a 42% decrease. Contested Republican primaries were down 60% from 10 in 2022.

Eighteen incumbents—17 Democrats and one Republican—faced primary challenges, representing nine percent of all incumbents who ran for re-election. Twenty-four percent of incumbents who ran for re-election faced primary challenges in 2022.

In total, 398 major party candidates filed to run: 235 Democrats and 163 Republicans. All 150 State Assembly seats and all 63 Senate seats were up for election.

Senate

The table below shows the number and percentage of open seats in the New York State Senate from 2010 to 2024.[3]

Open Seats in New York State Senate elections: 2010 - 2024
Year Total seats Open seats Seats with incumbents running for re-election
2024 63 5 (8 percent) 58 (92 percent)
2022 63 11 (17 percent) 52 (83 percent)
2020 63 12 (19 percent) 51 (81 percent)
2018 63 5 (8 percent) 58 (92 percent)
2016 63 5 (8 percent) 58 (92 percent)
2014 63 3 (5 percent) 60 (95 percent)
2012 63 2 (3 percent) 61 (97 percent)
2010 63 5 (8 percent) 58 (92 percent)

State Assembly

The table below shows the number and percentage of open seats in the New York State Assembly from 2010 to 2024.[4]

Open Seats in New York State Assembly elections: 2010 - 2024
Year Total seats Open seats Seats with incumbents running for re-election
2024 150 13 (9 percent) 137 (91 percent)
2022 150 14 (9 percent) 136 (91 percent)
2020 150 21 (14 percent) 129 (86 percent)
2018 150 13 (9 percent) 137 (91 percent)
2016 150 11 (7 percent) 139 (93 percent)
2014 150 5 (3 percent) 145 (97 percent)
2012 150 18 (12 percent) 132 (88 percent)
2010 150 18 (12 percent) 132 (88 percent)

See also

Footnotes

  1. Ballotpedia defines an incumbent as retiring if the incumbent did not file for office or filed for office but withdrew, was disqualified, or otherwise left a race in a manner other than losing the primary, primary runoff, or convention. If an incumbent runs as a write-in candidate, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring. If an incumbent runs in the same chamber for a different seat, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring.
  2. Ballotpedia defines an incumbent as retiring if the incumbent did not file for office or filed for office but withdrew, was disqualified, or otherwise left a race in a manner other than losing the primary, primary runoff, or convention. If an incumbent runs as a write-in candidate, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring. If an incumbent runs in the same chamber for a different seat, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring.
  3. Ballotpedia defines a seat as open if the incumbent did not file to run for re-election or filed but withdrew and did not appear on any ballot for his or her seat. If the incumbent withdrew from or did not participate in the primary but later chose to seek re-election to his or her seat as a third party or independent candidate, the seat would not be counted as open. If the incumbent retired or ran for a different seat in the same chamber, his or her original seat would be counted as open unless another incumbent from the same chamber filed to run for that seat, in which case it would not be counted as open due to the presence of an incumbent.
  4. Ballotpedia defines a seat as open if the incumbent did not file to run for re-election or filed but withdrew and did not appear on any ballot for his or her seat. If the incumbent withdrew from or did not participate in the primary but later chose to seek re-election to his or her seat as a third party or independent candidate, the seat would not be counted as open. If the incumbent retired or ran for a different seat in the same chamber, his or her original seat would be counted as open unless another incumbent from the same chamber filed to run for that seat, in which case it would not be counted as open due to the presence of an incumbent.