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Presidential Executive Order 13270 (George Bush, 2003)

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Executive Order 13270: Tribal Colleges and Universities was a presidential executive order issued by President George W. Bush (R) in July 2003 that established the President's Board of Advisors on Tribal Colleges and Universities and the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities to help students from tribal communities meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The executive order stated, "It is the policy of the Federal Government that this Nation’s commitment to educational excellence and opportunity must extend as well to the tribal colleges and universities (tribal colleges) that serve Indian tribes and Alaska Native entities."[1]

Background

See also: No Child Left Behind Act

President George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act (NCBLA) into law in 2001. At the time, public concern about the efficacy of public education in America had increased due in part to reports indicating a decline in the global academic performance of American students, according to the Education Commission for the States. The NCLBA, in response, aimed to support standards-based education reform drawn from the philosophy that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals for schools would improve individual outcomes for public school students. The legislation mandated that states develop standardized tests and administer assessments to all students at certain grade levels in order to receive federal funding. Each state was responsible for establishing its own standards.[2]

President George W. Bush (R) issued Executive Order 13270, titled "Tribal Colleges and Universities," on July 3, 2002. E.O. 13270 sought to assist tribal governments with meeting the standards of the NCBLA without abridging tribal sovereignty by establishing a Board of Advisors on Tribal Colleges and Universities and enacting the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities. The order aimed to establish a working relationship between the U.S. federal government and tribal governments, stating that tribal governments "fulfill a vital role: in maintaining and preserving irreplaceable languages and cultural traditions; in offering a high-quality college education to younger students; and in providing job training and other career-building programs to adults and senior citizens."

E.O. 13270 gave the U.S. secretary of education authority to appoint federal officials from other agencies and departments to manage and administer the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities. It directed each agency to develop a three-year federal plan on tribal colleges, tribal universities, and tribal education.[1]

Provisions

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Creation of presidential board and White House initiative

Section 1 of E.O. 13270 states that the purpose of the executive order is to create the President's Board of Advisors on Tribal Colleges and Universities and the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities. It states that tribal colleges and universities play a role in preserving cultural languages and traditions, offering college education to younger students, providing job training, and "promoting excellence in early childhood, elementary, and secondary education." E.O. 13270 states that the board and initiatives created by the order will help the federal government "work to implement the innovations and reforms of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-110) in partnership with tribal colleges and their American Indian and Alaska Native communities."[1]

Role of the presidential board of advisors

Section 3 of E.O. 13270 establishes the board of advisors within the U.S. Department of Education and states that the board will provide "advice regarding the progress made by Federal agencies toward fulfilling the purposes and objectives of this order" as well as recommendations to the president on how the federal government can help with tribal colleges and universities. E.O. 13270 recommends the following five ways that the board can work with tribal colleges to advance education within tribal communities:[1]

  • "[U]se long-term development, endowment building, and planning to strengthen institutional viability"
  • "[I]mprove financial management and security, obtain private-sector funding support, and expand and complement Federal education initiatives"
  • "[D]evelop institutional capacity through the use of new and emerging technologies offered by both the Federal and private sectors"
  • "[E]nhance physical infrastructure to facilitate more efficient operation and effective recruitment and retention of students and faculty"
  • "[H]elp implement the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and meet other high standards of educational achievement."[1]

Establishment of the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Univerisities

Section 4 of E.O. 13270 establishes the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities within the U.S. Department of Education. It directs the members of the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities to assist the U.S secretary of education in carrying out the aims of the executive order to assist tribal colleges and universities.[1]

Section 5 of E.O. 13270 directs the U.S secretary of education to appoint members from different departments and agencies to staff the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities.

Role of the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Univerisities

Section 6 of E.O. 13270 directs each agency identified by the U.S secretary of education to develop a three-year plan to accomplish the aims of the executive order and present them to the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities. It directs each agency to identify how federal resources can enhance programs at tribal colleges and universities. It then directs the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities to integrate the plans to create a master plan integrating the suggestions from the other departments and agencies to submit to the president for approval.[1]

Section 7 of E.O. 13270 directs the board and the White House Initiative on Tribal Colleges and Universities to cooperate with the private sector to assist tribal colleges and universities.[1]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Federal Register, Executive Order 13270, accessed February 8, 2023
  2. ↑ Josie Canales, James Frey, Cathy Walker, Sherry Freeland Walker, Suzanne Weiss and Anna West, Education Commission of the States, "No State Left Behind: The Challenges and Opportunities of ESEA 2001," accessed February 7, 2023
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