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Shoshone-Paiute of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation
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| Shoshone-Paiute of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation | |
 | |
| Basic facts | |
| Location: | Owyhee County, Idaho, and Humboldt County, Nevada |
| Type: | Federally Recognized Tribe |
| Top official: | Lindsey Manning, Chairman |
| Website: | Official website |
The Shoshone-Paiute of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation is a federally recognized Native American reservation, which is the home to the Shoshone and Paiute Tribes. The Duck Valley Indian Reservation is located in southern Idaho and northern Nevada, straddling the border between the two states, in Owyhee County, Idaho, and Humboldt County, Nev. The reservation is approximately 289,819 acres with a population of roughly 1,309, according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau.[1][2]
History
The Shoshone-Paiute tribes formerly occupied areas of what are now Oregon, Idaho and Nevada. The Western Shoshone were placed on the Duck Valley Reservation in 1877 under President Rutherford B. Hayes' executive order. However, in 1884, the U.S. government attempted but failed to relocate the Western Shoshone to the Fort Hall Reservation of the Northern Shoshone and the Bannock tribes.[3]
The Northern Paiute joined the Bannock during the Bannock War of 1878. After the conflict, the Paiute were sent to a prison camp in Yakima, Wash. In 1886, the Northern Paiute were relocated to the Duck Valley reservation by order of President Grover Cleveland.[3] Under President William H. Taft, the reservation was expanded in 1910. In 1934, under the Indian Reorganization Act, the two tribes formed their current government structure, which was formally adopted in 1936 with a constitution and bylaws.[3]
Tribal education on the reservation consisted of a single boarding school until 1911, when three schools were built across the reservation. By 1931, tribal children were consolidated into a single school, the Swayne School. Until 1946, high school students were sent off reservation. In 1956, the reservation school district was consolidated with that of the county of Elko, Nev.[3]
Native American governance
Lands designated as federally recognized tribal reservations are considered sovereign nations, and as such are governed by tribal councils. Tribal councils oversee the management of the natural resources, and the health and the education of those people living on the reservation. The council also manages law enforcement, economic development, cultural and social functions.[2]
Federal Indian Law is defined by four key issues:
- Tribes are independent and have a right to self-govern[2]
- Tribal independence is subject to the acts of Congress, who may modify or regulate tribal status[2]
- Only the federal government is authorized to regulate and monitor tribes, not local governments[2]
- The federal government is obligated and has the responsibility to protect tribes and their property[4]
Tribal government
Generally, tribal councils are elected, with each person serving a set number of years. While the council may pass laws and ordinances governing the tribe, such acts are subject to review by the Secretary of the Interior. Tribal councils are often headed up by an appointed or elected chairman or governor, whose job it is to oversee the council.[2]
The Shoshone-Paiute tribes' governing body consists of a seven-member tribal business council. The council members are elected to three-year terms, but the chairman is elected every three years, while two council members, in rotation, are elected every year. The council's eighth member is the executive secretary and assistant.[5]
The tribal administration is composed of several departments and divisions that oversee various aspects of the tribal community, these include:[6]
- Tribal Environmental Protection Program (TEPP)
- Education Department
- Finance Department
- Shoshone Paiute Fire Management
- Fish, Wildlife and Parks Department
- Human Resources
- Information Technology Department
- Land & Natural Resources Department
- Recreation Department
- Tribal Employment Rights Office (TERO)
- Tribal Enrollment Department
- Water & Sanitation
- Water Resource
Economic impact
Tribes are permitted to participate in economic development in a corporate form and "create perpetual membership corporations encompassing all tribal members."[2] Committing tribal income and entering into leases must be approved by the Secretary of the Interior.[2] As of 2011, the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes had an unemployment rate of 40 percent.[7]
In 1988, the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act was passed by the 100th Congress, which stipulated that regulated gambling was permissible on tribal lands, provided that the state had some form of legalized gambling.[8] The act led to an increase in tribal casinos, which also led to other ventures, such as resorts, hotels and golf courses. In 2009, the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes began to develop plans for building a casino on the Nevada side of the reservation, by signing an agreement with the state of Nevada.[9] Then, later in 2009, the tribes began the process of transferring portions of non-reservation "restricted fee land"—privately owned land held by Native Americans, while they hold the legal title, there are legal restrictions against alienation or encumbrance of the land—east of Boise for the purpose of constructing the casino on it. In October 2010, a federal judge approved the 26-acre land transfer; the transfer was also approved by the Bureau of Indian Affairs regional director in Portland, Ore. However, in June 2011, citing technical grounds, the U.S. Department of Interior Chief Administrative Law Judge Earl Waits reversed the transfer.[7]
Lobbying, politics and initiatives
The Shoshone-Paiute Tribes have spent just over $140,000 in lobbying since 2013 (state and federal), according to Open Secrets.[10] The firm representing the tribe is Sonosky, a law firm the represents Native American tribes.[10][11] Below is a breakdown of the tribes lobbying issues by year.
| Year | Area/Bill | Total spending |
|---|---|---|
| 2015[12] | Nevada Native Nations Land Act, H.R. 2733 and S. 1436 | $30,000 |
| 2014[13] | Nevada Native Nations Land Act, H.R. 2455 and S. 2480 | $30,000 |
| 2014[14] | MAP-21 Reauthorization Act, S. 2322 | $30,000 |
| 2014[15] | Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014, H.R. 3547 | $10,000 |
| 2013[16] | Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013, H.R. 11, H.R. 780 and S.47 | $20,000 |
| 2013[17] | Tribal General Welfare Exclusion Act of 2014, H.R. 3043 and S. 1507 | Not specified, less than $5,000 |
| 2013[18] | Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013, H.R. 933 | $20,000 |
Leadership
The following is a list of the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes' Council:[5]
- Lindsey Manning, Chairman
- Buster Gibson, Vice Chairman
- James "Rudy" Blossom, Secretary
- Cristi Walker, Treasurer
- Sandra Egan
- Brian Thomas
- Marlyn Jim
- Angele SaBori, Executive Secretary andExecutive Assistant
Media
Recent news
The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms Shoshone Paiute Tribes Duck valely. These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles.
See also
External links
- Shoshone-Paiute Tribes
- National Indian Gaming Commission
- Department of the Interior, Tribal Nations
- Bureau of Indian Affairs
Footnotes
- ↑ U.S Census Bureau, "Duck Valley Reservation," accessed December 22, 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 University of Idaho, "Indian Tribes in Idaho," accessed December 23, 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Shoshone-Paiute, "History," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ Department of the Interior, "Native American Nations," accessed November 3, 2015
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Shoshone-Paiute, "Shoshone-Paiute Tribal Business Council," accessed December 23, 2015 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "leaders" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Shoshone-Paiute, "Tribal Administration" accessed December 23, 2015
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Spokesman-Review, "AP: Feds broke word to Shoshone-Paiutes, canceled transfer of I-84 property," August 10, 2011
- ↑ National Indian Gaming Commission, "Indian Gaming Regulatory Act," accessed November 3, 2015
- ↑ 500 Nations, "Shoshone-Paiute Tribe to plans casino on Idaho border," January 12, 2009
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Open Secrets, "Shoshone-Paiute Tribes," accessed December 28, 2015
- ↑ Sonosky, "Home," accessed December 28, 2015
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.2733 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 114th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.2455 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for S.2322 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.3547 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.11 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.3043 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Specific Issues Reports for H.R.933 by Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, 113th Congress," accessed January 12, 2016
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