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State executive powers and duties ballot measures

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As a state ballot measure topic, state executive powers and duties include measures regarding the powers and responsibilities of state executive officials, such as veto, appointment, emergency, and pardon powers. The topic is grouped within the governance policy area.

This page provides information on:

Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures

List of ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to state executive powers and duties, organized by year or state.

2027

  1. Wisconsin Limit Governor's Partial Veto Power to Entire Bill Sections Amendment (2027) - Potential

2026

  1. Kentucky Limit Governor's Pardon Power and Commutations Near General Election Amendment (2026) - Potential
  2. New Mexico Eliminate Governor’s Pocket Veto and Require Veto Explanations Amendment (2026) - On the ballot
  3. Wisconsin Prohibit Partial Veto to Increase Tax or Fee Amendment (2026) - Potential

2024

  1. Arizona Proposition 135, Emergency Declarations Amendment (2024) Defeated
  2. Massachusetts Question 1, Authorization of State Auditor to Audit General Court Initiative (2024) Approved
  3. Wisconsin Question 2, Require Legislative Approval for State Expenditure of Federal Funds Amendment (August 2024) Defeated

2023

  1. Louisiana Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Deadlines on Bills and Legislative Veto Sessions Amendment (2023) Approved

2022

  1. Alabama Amendment 3, Notice to Victim's Family Required for Commutation or Reprieve of Death Sentences Amendment (2022) Approved
  2. American Samoa, Amendment 1, Governor's Power to Appoint Justices to Higher Court Measure (2022) Defeated
  3. Michigan Repeal of Emergency Powers of Governor Act Initiative (2022)
  4. Missouri Amendment 1, State Treasurer Investment Authority Amendment (2022) Defeated

2021

  1. Pennsylvania Question 1, Legislative Resolution to Extend or Terminate Emergency Declaration Amendment (May 2021) Approved
  2. Pennsylvania Question 2, Emergency Declarations Amendment (May 2021) Approved

2014

  1. Missouri Gubernatorial Budgetary Recommendations, Amendment 10 (2014) Approved
  2. Utah Amendment C, Allow Executive Officers to Appoint Legal Counsel Measure (2014) Defeated

2012

  1. Michigan Proposal 1, State Authority to Appoint Emergency Managers and Address Local Government Financial Emergencies Referendum (2012) Defeated
  2. Missouri Judicial Appointment Amendment, Amendment 3 (2012) Defeated
  3. Missouri Proposition E, Prohibit State-Run Health Insurance Exchanges Without Voter or Legislative Approval Measure (2012) Approved
  4. Oregon Measure 77, Catastrophic Disaster Amendment (2012) Approved

2011

  1. Ohio Issue 1, Increase Judicial Retirement Age and Eliminate Governor's Power to Appoint Supreme Court Commission Amendment (2011) Defeated
  2. Texas Governor's Pardon Amendment, Proposition 9 (2011) Approved

2008

  1. Nevada Question 4, Sales and Use Tax Measure (2008) Defeated
  2. New Jersey Municipal Judge Appointment Amendment, Question 2 (2008) Defeated
  3. New Mexico Cabinet Secretary Confirmation Act, Amendment 3 (2008) Approved
  4. Wisconsin Question 1, Prohibit Governor from Creating New Sentences in Appropriation Bills Using Partial Veto Amendment (April 2008) Approved

2006

  1. Nebraska Amendment 4, Authorize Executive and Judicial Departments to Supervise Parolees Measure (2006) Approved

2004

  1. Alaska Measure 4, Repeal Governor’s Authority to Fill U.S. Senate Vacancies Initiative (2004) Approved
  2. Nebraska Amendment 2, Change Presiding Officer of Legislature Measure (2004) Defeated

2002

  1. South Dakota Amendment C, Time Limit on Gubernatorial Veto Measure (2002) Approved
  2. Utah Amendment 4, Require Public Notice from Governor Before Legislative Special Sessions Measure (2002) Approved

2000

  1. Rhode Island Co-Equal Branches of Government Act, Question 6 (2000) Approved

1998

  1. Florida Amendment 8, State Executive Officers and Cabinet Amendment (1998) Approved

1997

  1. Pennsylvania Question 2, Changes to Board of Pardons Amendment (1997) Approved

1996

  1. North Carolina Establish the Governor's Veto Power Amendment (1996) Approved

1995

  1. Washington SJR 8210, Supreme Court Vacancies and Chief Justice Elections Amendment (1995) Approved

1994

  1. Virginia Question 3, Revise Veto Procedure Amendment (1994) Approved

1992

  1. Missouri Proposition C, Additional Lieutenant Governor Duties Measure (1992) Approved
  2. Utah Proposition 3, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1992) Approved

1990

  1. Wisconsin Question 1, Prohibit Governor from Creating New Words in Appropriation Bills Using Partial Veto Amendment (April 1990) Approved

1988

  1. Nevada Question 4, Judicial Appointments by the Governor Amendment (1988) Defeated

1986

  1. Florida Amendment 1, Appointment of a Statewide Prosecutor Amendment (1986) Approved
  2. Missouri Amendment 2, Automatic Enactment of Unsigned Bills Measure (August 1986) Approved
  3. Missouri Amendment 6, State Treasurer as Custodian of State Funds Measure (August 1986) Approved
  4. Oklahoma State Question 593, Parole for Convicts Sentenced to Death or Life Imprisonment Amendment (1986) Approved
  5. South Dakota Amendment A, Duties of the Lieutenant Governor Measure (1986) Defeated

1984

  1. Connecticut Question 2, Establish a Procedure for the Lieutenant-Governor to Act as Governor Amendment (1984) Approved
  2. South Dakota Amendment A, Duties of Treasurer and Commissioner of Lands Measure (1984) Defeated

1980

  1. Maine Proposed Constitutional Amendment No. 3, Probate Judges and Justices of the Peace Selection Measure (1980) Approved
  2. Michigan Proposal H, Position of Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1980) Defeated
  3. Nebraska Amendment 1, Lieutenant Governor Vacancies Measure (May 1980) Approved

1978

  1. Massachusetts Question 2, Extend Budget Submission Deadline for New Governors Amendment (1978) Approved
  2. Missouri Amendment 2, State Treasurer Duties Measure (August 1978) Defeated

1976

  1. Colorado Amendment No. 10, Voter Approval for Taxes Initiative (1976) Defeated
  2. Florida Amendment 7, Legislative Nullification of Executive Rules and Regulations Amendment (1976) Defeated
  3. Maine Question 1, Time Frame for Gubernatorial Action on Legislation Amendment (1976) Approved
  4. Nebraska Amendment 4, Presiding Officer of Legislature Amendment (1976) Defeated
  5. Nevada Question 5, Governor Appointment of State Judges Amendment (1976) Approved

1975

  1. Maine Question 5, Gubernatorial Incapacity Amendment (1975) Approved
  2. Maine Question 6, Abolition of Executive Council and Notary Public Amendment (1975) Approved

1974

  1. California Proposition 12, Public Utilities Commission Amendment (1974) Approved
  2. Nebraska Amendment 3, Submitting Acts to the Governor Amendment (1974) Approved
  3. Ohio Eliminate Superintendent of Public Works Amendment (1974) Approved
  4. Washington SJR 140, Gubernatorial Veto Power Restriction Amendment (1974) Approved

1972

  1. Nebraska Amendment 3, Budget Bill Amendment (May 1972) Approved
  2. Nevada Question 7, State Board of Pardons Membership Amendment (1972) Defeated
  3. South Dakota Amendment B, Executive Reorganization Measure (1972) Approved

1970

  1. Maryland Appointment of Judges, Question 3 (1970) Defeated
  2. Nebraska Amendment 13c, Lieutenant Governor Duties Amendment (1970) Approved

1968

  1. Minnesota Amendment 1, Presentation and Veto of Bills Amendment (1968) Approved
  2. Missouri Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Line of Succession and Board to Determine Governor's Ability to Serve Measure (August 1968) Approved

1966

  1. Idaho Retired Justices Authority to Act, SJR 7 (1966) Approved
  2. New York Amendment 11, Allowing Retired Appellate Court Judges to Become Temporary Judges Amendment (1966) Approved

1965

  1. New York Amendment 1, Executive Budget Submission Deadline Amendment (1965) Approved

1964

  1. Maine Question 1, Elimination of Pardon Communication Amendment (1964) Approved
  2. Maine Question 2, State Legislator Oaths in Absence of Governor Amendment (1964) Approved
  3. Maine Question 6, Governor Commander in Chief Authority Amendment (1964) Approved
  4. Massachusetts Question 4, Allow Governor or Executive Council to Request Legal Opinions from Supreme Judicial Court Amendment (1964) Approved
  5. Massachusetts Question 5, Limit Governor’s Council Authority Over Executive Appointments initiative (1964) Approved
  6. Nebraska Amendment 6, Duties of State Executive Officers Amendment (1964) Approved

1962

  1. Virginia Question 2, Allowing Legislation to be Passed With Less Than A Majority in an Emergency (1962) Approved

1961

  1. New York Amendment 2, State Civil Departments Amendment (1961) Approved

1960

  1. Nevada Question 3, Board of Pardons Measure (1960) Defeated

1958

  1. Nebraska Amendment 1, Residence Requirements of Executive Officers Amendment (1958) Approved
  2. South Dakota Amendment C, Gubernatorial Succession Measure (1958) Approved

1955

  1. Maine Constitutional Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Pardon Power for Juvenile Delinquency Amendment (September 1955) Approved

1954

  1. Florida Amendment 4, Days for Gubernatorial Approvals and Vetoes Amendment (1954) Approved
  2. North Carolina Elections to Fill Vacancies Amendment (1954) Approved

1952

  1. Georgia Amendment 5, Time Period for Gubernatorial Approval of Bills Measure (1952) Approved
  2. North Carolina Vacancies in State Executive Offices Amendment (1952) Approved
  3. South Dakota Amendment B, Board of Pardons Measure (1952) Defeated

1950

  1. North Carolina Judicial Assignment and Special Court Jurisdiction Amendment (1950) Approved

1948

  1. Michigan Proposal No. 6, Procedures for Foreign Agencies Operating in Michigan Referendum (1948) Approved
  2. South Dakota Amendment B, Legislative Vacancies Measure (1948) Approved

1946

  1. Maryland Chief Judge Vacancies, Amendment 4 (1946) Approved
  2. South Dakota Amendment A, State Employee Salaries Measure (1946) Approved

1945

  1. New York Amendment 2, Procedure on Filling Vacancies of the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor Amendment (1945) Approved

1944

  1. Massachusetts Question 2, Allow Legislature to Set Terms for Felony Pardons Amendment (1944) Approved

1940

  1. South Dakota Amendment B, Legislative Vacancies Measure (1940) Defeated

1936

  1. Georgia Amendment 2, Office of Lieutenant Governor Measure (1936) Defeated
  2. Georgia Amendment 7, State Senate Leadership Measure (1936) Defeated

1934

  1. Colorado Measure 1, Centralized Authority of the Governor Amendment (1934) Defeated
  2. Connecticut Gubernatorial Approval and Veto Process for Legislation Amendment (1934) Approved

1932

  1. Michigan Proposal No. 6, Pardons and New Trials Amendment (1932) Defeated
  2. Missouri Proposition 3, Executive Budget and Item Veto Initiative (1932) Approved

1930

  1. Wisconsin Question 1, Governor Partial Veto Power for Appropriation Bills Amendment (1930) Approved

1928

  1. Georgia Amendment 8, Duties of Executive Offices Measure (1928) Approved
  2. Virginia Question 4, Selection of the Superintendent of Public Instruction of Virginia Amendment (June 1928) Approved
  3. Virginia Question 5, Selection of the Treasurer of Virginia Amendment (June 1928) Approved

1927

  1. New York Amendment 5, Head of the Executive Department Amendment (1927) Approved

1924

  1. Missouri Amendment 6, Executive Departments and Budget Process Measure (February 1924) Defeated

1920

  1. Nebraska Amendment 13, Executive Offices and Budget Amendment (September 1920) Approved
  2. Nevada State Question 1, Supreme Court Judges and Hearings Amendment (1920) Approved

1918

  1. Massachusetts Question 11, Retirement of Judges by the Governor Amendment (1918) Approved
  2. Massachusetts Question 16, Establish State Budget Process and Governor’s Item Veto Authority Amendment (1918) Approved
  3. Massachusetts Question 7, Powers and Duties of Government Regarding Armed Forces Amendment (1918) Approved
  4. Massachusetts Question 9, Allow Governor to Return Bills with Recommended Changes Amendment (1918) Approved

1916

  1. Utah Amendment 1, Permit the Board of Examiners to Supervise the State Treasurer Measure (1916) Defeated

1914

  1. California Proposition 28, Public Utilities Rate Amendment (1914) Approved
  2. Missouri Proposition 12, Mayoral Appointed Board of Police Commissioners Referendum (1914) Defeated
  3. Washington Initiative 7, Abolition of the Bureau of Inspection Measure (1914) Defeated

1912

  1. Utah Amendment 4, Require the Board of Examiners to Supervise the Treasurer Measure (1912) Defeated

1910

  1. South Dakota Attorney General's Salary Amendment (1910) Defeated
  2. South Dakota Removal of State and Local Officers Referendum (1910) Defeated

1908

  1. South Dakota Attorney General's Salary Amendment (1908) Defeated

1904

  1. South Dakota Attorney General's Salary Amendment (1904) Defeated

1898

  1. Utah Amendment 1, Permit Appointment of Officials in Case of Death or Resignation and Prohibit Appointment of Previously Denied Individuals Measure (1898) Defeated

1894

  1. Nevada State Question 25, Governor Veto Authority Amendment (1894) Defeated
  2. Nevada State Question 27, Board of Pardons Amendment (1894) Defeated
  3. Nevada State Question 32, Duties of Secretary of State and Attorney General Amendment (1894) Defeated
  4. Nevada State Question 34, Executive Officer Duties Amendment (1894) Defeated

1889

  1. Nevada State Question 9, Succession of Executive Powers Amendment (February 1889) Defeated

1876

  1. Minnesota Amendment 1, Authorizing Veto of Appropriation Items (1876) Approved

1873

  1. Connecticut Question 1, Location of General Assembly Sessions Amendment (1873) Approved

1856

  1. Connecticut Question 1, Judicial Term Limits and Impeachment Procedures Amendment (1856) Approved

See also

Footnotes

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