In 2025, there have been 32 vacancies on intermediate appellate courts in 19 states. For a list of intermediate appellate court elections happening in 2025, click here.
The process for filling vacancies on state intermediate appellate courts varies among states. In most states, the governor appoints a replacement justice, either outright or with assistance from a nominating commission. This is different from the process in state legislatures, where half of states use elections to fill vacancies. For a list of states where a judicial vacancy triggered an election in 2025, click here. For more information on how vacancies are filled in state intermediate appellate courts, click here.
Know of a vacancy that should be covered here? Click here to let us know.
Current and upcoming vacancies
The table below highlights each instance where a state intermediate appellate court judge left office, creating a vacancy on the court. It shows the court the vacancy occurred in, the date of the vacancy, the judge who left office, the date the vacancy was filled, and the name of the successor, when applicable.
| 2025 state intermediate appellate court vacancies
|
| Court
|
Date of Vacancy
|
Judge
|
Date Vacancy Filled
|
Successor
|
| Arizona Court of Appeals
|
January 1, 2025
|
Jennifer B. Campbell
|
May 16, 2025
|
Veronika Fabian
|
| Louisiana Court of Appeals
|
January 1, 2025
|
John Guidry
|
March 19, 2025
|
Wilson Fields
|
| Michigan Court of Appeals
|
January 1, 2025
|
Jane Markey
|
May 12, 2025
|
Daniel Korobkin
|
| California Fifth District Court of Appeal
|
2025
|
Chuck Poochigian
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Michigan Court of Appeals
|
January 3, 2025
|
Mark Cavanagh
|
May 19, 2025
|
Christopher Trebilcock
|
| Tennessee Court of Appeals
|
January 4, 2025
|
Arnold B. Goldin
|
March 24, 2025
|
Valerie Smith
|
| Kentucky Court of Appeals
|
January 6, 2025
|
Pamela R. Goodwine
|
April 22, 2025
|
Will Moynahan
|
| Florida Court of Appeals
|
January 7, 2025
|
Darryl Casanueva
|
January 1, 2025
|
Anne-Leigh Gaylord Moe
|
| Arizona Court of Appeals
|
February 3, 2025
|
Maria Elena Cruz
|
May 16, 2025
|
Andrew Becke
|
| Florida Court of Appeals
|
February 28, 2025
|
Bradford Thomas
|
June 17, 2025
|
Ray Treadwell
|
| California Court of Appeals
|
February 28, 2025
|
Brian S. Currey
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Kansas Court of Appeals
|
March 3, 2025
|
Henry Green
|
April 7, 2025
|
Lori Ann Bolton Fleming
|
| Connecticut Appellate Court
|
March 6, 2025
|
William H. Bright, Jr.
|
March 6, 2025
|
Robin L. Wilson
|
| California Court of Appeals
|
March 31, 2025
|
Thomas M. Goethals
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Washington Court of Appeals
|
April 1, 2025
|
Stephen Dwyer
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals
|
April 3, 2025
|
Karen Nakasone
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Michigan Court of Appeals
|
April 13, 2025
|
Noah Hood
|
May 13, 2025
|
Mariam Bazzi
|
| California Court of Appeals
|
April 30, 2025
|
Patricia Bamattre-Manoukian
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Alabama Court of Civil Appeals
|
May 20, 2025
|
Bill Lewis
|
May 21, 2025
|
Ben Bowden
|
| California Court of Appeals
|
May 31, 2025
|
Elizabeth A. Grimes
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| New Mexico Court of Appeals
|
June 7, 2025
|
Kristina Bogardus
|
August 16, 2025
|
Kristopher Houghton
|
| Nebraska Court of Appeals
|
June 30, 2025
|
David Arterburn
|
July 1, 2025
|
PaTricia Freeman
|
| California Second District Court of Appeal
|
July 2, 2025
|
Helen Zukin
|
July 2, 2025
|
Armen Tamzarian
|
| Illinois First District Appellate Court
|
July 4, 2025
|
Thomas Hoffman
|
September 2, 2025
|
LeRoy K. Martin, Jr.
|
| Illinois Fifth District Appellate Court
|
July 7, 2025
|
Thomas Welch
|
August 8, 2025
|
James Hackett
|
| Georgia Court of Appeals
|
July 24, 2025
|
Ben Land
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Missouri Court of Appeals
|
July 25, 2025
|
Mary Sheffield
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| California Fourth District Court of Appeal
|
July 31, 2025
|
Kathleen O'Leary
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division
|
August 8, 2025
|
John C. Egan
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
| Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal
|
September 30, 2025
|
Martha Warner
|
October 1, 2025
|
Shannon K. Shaw
|
| Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal
|
September 30, 2025
|
Dorian Damoorgian
|
October 1, 2025
|
Caroline Shepherd
|
| Texas Twelfth District Court of Appeals
|
October 31, 2025
|
Greg Neeley
|
November 1, 2025
|
Michael Davis
|
Methodology
Ballotpedia counts a seat as vacant if the outgoing officeholder leaves office before their official term-end date or the incoming officeholder takes office after their official term-start date. If an officeholder takes or leaves office according to their official term-start or -end date, Ballotpedia does not count that as a vacant seat.
How are vacancies filled on state intermediate appellate courts?
- See also: Judicial selection in the states
The map below highlights how vacancies are filled in state intermediate appellate courts across the country.
States without intermediate appellate courts
The following states do not have an intermediate appellate court:
The District of Columbia also does not have such a court.
See also
