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State poverty rates by citizenship status

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While the effects of immigration on a state's economy are unclear, immigration can impact the composition of a state's workforce. The following chart provides data on poverty rates for different populations in the United States.

Native-born citizen refers to anyone born in the United States, Puerto Rico, or a United States territory or born abroad to citizen parents. The foreign-born population refers to "anyone who is not a U.S. citizen at birth," including naturalized citizens. Naturalized citizen refers to anyone born as a citizen of another country who fulfilled the requirements to become a United States citizen. Non-citizen refers to anyone residing in the United States who is not a citizen. According to the United States Census Bureau, "[n]oncitizens include legal permanent residents, temporary migrants, unauthorized immigrants and other resident statuses."[1][2][3]

Note: This page provides data from the American Community Survey (ACS), conducted annually by the United States Census Bureau, on demographics, economic factors, and social factors for the native, naturalized, and non-citizen populations. The ACS refers to immigrants, both naturalized citizens and non-citizens, as the "foreign-born population." The ACS defines those labeled as "non-citizens" as "respondents who indicated that they were not U.S. citizens at the time of the survey." The term "non-citizens" does not distinguish between those who are residing in the country with or without legal permission.[4]

Poverty rates

In 2014, the poverty level was $11,670 for an individual and $23,850 for a family of four. During that year, the total United States poverty rate was 15.6 percent, meaning 15.6 percent of the population earned incomes below the poverty line. Mississippi had the highest poverty rate at 17.7 percent, while New Hampshire had the lowest poverty rate at 5.7 percent. While the nationwide poverty rate for native-born citizens was 15.1 percent, the poverty rate for non-citizens was 25.3 percent.[5][6]

Poverty rates by citizenship status, 2014
State Total Native Naturalized Non-citizen
Alabama 14.6% 14.2% 12.7% 32.6%
Alaska 7.0% 6.8% 6.3% 17.9%
Arizona 13.3% 10.6% 14.1% 35.5%
Arkansas 14.3% 13.7% 13.2% 32.1%
California 12.3% 9.2% 9.4% 27.8%
Colorado 8.8% 7.4% 8.9% 27.8%
Connecticut 7.5% 7.0% 6.5% 14.5%
District of Columbia 8.2% 7.6% 7.7% 18.0%
Delaware 14.3% 14.7% 6.9% 17.1%
Florida 12.2% 10.5% 11.7% 26.4%
Georgia 14.2% 13.3% 10.8% 30.4%
Hawaii 7.8% 7.3% 5.9% 18.4%
Idaho 11.0% 10.1% 12.2% 28.7%
Illinois 10.5% 9.7% 7.8% 22.2%
Indiana 11.3% 10.6% 9.6% 31.2%
Iowa 8.2% 7.6% 11.0% 23.8%
Kansas 9.4% 8.4% 9.3% 28.1%
Kentucky 14.4% 14.1% 12.9% 30.5%
Louisiana 15.1% 15.0% 10.3% 26.3%
Maine 9.4% 9.1% 12.0% 21.8%
Maryland 6.9% 6.5% 5.9% 12.8%
Massachusetts 8.3% 7.2% 9.7% 17.6%
Michigan 12.1% 11.6% 13.1% 24.7%
Minnesota 7.5% 6.4% 14.7% 24.6%
Mississippi 17.7% 17.6% 11.8% 31.4%
Missouri 11.1% 10.9% 10.5% 25.0%
Montana 10.0% 10.1% 6.3% 10.3%
Nebraska 8.9% 7.5% 12.6% 33.8%
Nevada 11.5% 9.7% 8.9% 25.9%
New Hampshire 5.7% 5.6% 4.0% 12.8%
New Jersey 8.1% 6.8% 7.3% 18.3%
New Mexico 16.1% 13.9% 17.4% 39.5%
New York 12.0% 10.0% 12.0% 25.0%
North Carolina 13.0% 12.0% 10.3% 32.1%
North Dakota 7.3% 6.9% 11.6% 29.3%
Ohio 11.7% 11.5% 10.9% 23.7%
Oklahoma 12.6% 12.0% 10.8% 29.4%
Oregon 11.5% 10.1% 12.3% 29.6%
Pennsylvania 9.3% 8.8% 10.9% 22.3%
Rhode Island 10.0% 8.5% 11.6% 25.9%
South Carolina 13.9% 13.4% 11.0% 30.5%
South Dakota 9.2% 8.8% 12.0% 32.7%
Tennessee 13.4% 12.8% 13.3% 33.7%
Texas 13.7% 10.8% 12.2% 32.1%
Utah 9.4% 7.8% 12.4% 30.3%
Vermont 7.8% 7.8% 5.5% 12.1%
Virginia 8.2% 8.0% 5.8% 15.3%
Washington 9.1% 7.7% 10.4% 24.0%
West Virginia 13.1% 13.1% 7.9% 22.8%
Wisconsin 8.9% 8.4% 11.1% 24.9%
Wyoming 8.0% 7.3% 7.8% 37.1%
United States 15.6% 15.1% 11.4% 25.3%
Source: United States Census Bureau, "Selected Characteristics of the Native and Foreign-Born Populations"

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ United States Census Bureau, "Foreign Born: About this Topic," accessed October 3, 2016
  2. ↑ U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, "Citizenship Through Naturalization," accessed October 4, 2016
  3. ↑ United States Census Bureau, "Newsroom: Census Bureau Highlights Young Noncitizen Population in the U.S.," February 26, 2014
  4. ↑ United State Census Bureau, "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2014: Subject Definitions," accessed September 29, 2016
  5. ↑ Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, "2014 Poverty Guidelines," accessed October 19, 2015
  6. ↑ United States Census Bureau, "Selected Characteristics of the Native and Foreign-Born Populations," accessed October 8, 2016
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