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Texas' 24th Congressional District election, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)

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Texas' 24th Congressional District
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Democratic primary
Democratic primary runoff
Republican primary
General election
Election details
Filing deadline: December 9, 2019
Primary: March 3, 2020
Primary runoff: July 14, 2020
General: November 3, 2020
Pre-election incumbent:
Kenny Marchant (Republican)
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Voting in Texas
Race ratings
Cook Political Report: Lean Democratic
Inside Elections: Tilt Democratic
Sabato's Crystal Ball: Lean Democratic
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds
U.S. House battlegrounds
Federal and state primary competitiveness
Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2020
See also
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Texas elections, 2020
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Kim Olson and Candace Valenzuela advanced to a July 14 runoff from a field of six candidates in the Democratic primary for Texas' 24th Congressional District on March 3, 2020. Olson received 40.9% of the vote to Valenzuela's 30.4%. The other candidate to receive at least 10% of the vote was Jan McDowell. Rep. Kenny Marchant (R) announced his retirement on August 5, 2019, creating the first election in the district without an incumbent since 2004.

Media coverage and endorsements primarily focused on Olson and Valenzuela. According to the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, the two campaigned on their personal experiences rather than differences in policy.[1]

Olson served in the Air Force for 25 years and retired at the rank of colonel. She said that her military and leadership experience made her the best candidate to represent the district. Her campaign website highlighted foreign policy, care for veterans, and access to healthcare as key issues. Olson was endorsed by two local newspapers and several organizations supporting military veterans in politics.

At the time of her campaign, Valenzuela served on the Carrollton-Farmers Branch ISD board. She said her family's financial struggles and homelessness as a child had shaped her views on policy. Her campaign website highlighted fiscal transparency, access to education, and healthcare as key issues. Valenzuela was endorsed by U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, several members of the U.S. House, and three congressional caucus PACs.

The 24th District had a 2017 Cook Partisan Voter Index score of R+9, meaning that in the previous two presidential elections, this district's results were 9 percentage points more Republican than the national average. The general election in this district was expected to be competitive. Two of the three major race rating outlets rated the race as a toss-up, while the other rated it as tilt Republican. Marchant won re-election by three percentage points in 2018. Click here to learn more about what was at stake in the general election.

Click on candidate names below to view their key messages:


Olson
Valenzuela


This page focuses on Texas' 24th Congressional District Democratic primary. For more in-depth information on the district's Republican primary and the general election, see the following pages:

Election procedure changes in 2020

See also: Changes to election dates, procedures, and administration in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

Ballotpedia provided comprehensive coverage of how election dates and procedures changed in 2020. While the majority of changes occurred as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, some changes occurred for other reasons.

Texas modified its primary election process as follows:

  • Election postponements: The primary runoff elections were postponed from May 26 to July 14.
  • Political party events: The Republican Party of Texas convention, scheduled for July 16-18 in Houston, was cancelled. The party conducted its convention online.

For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.


Candidates and election results

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 24

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Kim Olson
Kim Olson Candidate Connection
 
41.0
 
24,442
✔
Image of Candace Valenzuela
Candace Valenzuela
 
30.4
 
18,078
Image of Jan McDowell
Jan McDowell
 
10.0
 
5,965
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Submit photo
Crystal Fletcher (Unofficially withdrew)
 
5.7
 
3,386
Image of Richard Fleming
Richard Fleming
 
5.1
 
3,010
Image of Sam Vega
Sam Vega Candidate Connection
 
4.5
 
2,677
Image of John Biggan
John Biggan Candidate Connection
 
3.4
 
1,996

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 59,554
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles created in one of two ways. Either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey or Ballotpedia staff created a profile after identifying the candidate as noteworthy.[2] Ballotpedia staff compiled profiles based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements.

John Biggan

Image of John Biggan

WebsiteFacebookTwitterYouTube

Party: Democratic Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography:  "My name is John Biggan. I am running to be the first neuroscientist in U.S. Congressional history. As a resident of TX-24 since 2006, I know first hand the real world problems facing the residents of this diverse and vibrant community. As a scientist, teacher, former non-profit executive and health care industry employee, I am uniquely qualified to address those issues head on and am committed to bringing well-reasoned, evidence-based decision making back to all areas of U.S. Congressional policy."

Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

My primary aim is to return scientifically-sound, fact-based decision making to the U.S. Congress.

It is my firm belief that every American deserves access to the tools necessary to control their destiny and reach their full potential.

To restore an atmosphere of dignity and respect to the U.S. Conress and reestablish an adhereance to the rule of law.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Texas District 24 in 2020.

Kim Olson

Image of Kim Olson

WebsiteFacebookTwitterYouTube

Party: Democratic Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: 

Weatherford Independent School District Board of Trustees (2007-2011)

Submitted Biography:  "I am a retired Colonel in the US Air Force with 28 years of military service, proven leadership experience, and a legacy of service. I was one of the first women to fly and instruct in fighter-type aircraft, command an operational flying squadron, lead in multiple combat zones, and rise to the rank of Colonel. Following retirement from the United States Air Force, I volunteered with the Texas State Guard as Director of Information Technology at state guard Headquarters from 2010 to 2014. Then, I served as President and CEO of Grace After Fire from 2010 to 2015. The nonprofit organization based in Fort Worth helped over 5,500 female veterans and their families find employment, access mental and physical health providers, and conduct peer to peer network training focused of emotional, spiritual, and physical well-being. I was elected to two terms on a local school board and have achieved an MBA from Webster University and 2 masters degrees from our war colleges. "

Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

When I see a problem, I fix it. That's why I battled the Air Force to open flight school to women, modernized the military's response to sexual assault, and advocated for women veterans struggling to re-enter civilian life. That's also why I want to continue my service to this nation as a member of Congress.

Having served in uniform, commanded troops in combat zones, been elected on a local school board, managed a multi-billion dollar budget at the Pentagon, and served as CEO for non-profit, I believe I have the depth of experience to be an effective leader for my constituents in Congress.

I am a proven leader with a legacy of service. Throughout my career, I blazed trails and took the doors off the hinges for women and others to rise up behind me in spaces where they were traditionally shut out.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Texas District 24 in 2020.

Candace Valenzuela

Image of Candace Valenzuela

WebsiteFacebookTwitterYouTube

Party: Democratic Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: 

Biography:  Valenzuela graduated from Claremont McKenna College with a bachelor's degree in government. As of her 2020 campaign, her professional experience included working with special-needs students and being a youth mentor and tutor.


Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.

Valenzuela said her education policies were informed by her childhood experiences. She said she would invest in public education, increase access to vocational training, and support universal pre-K.

Valenzuela said that all Americans should have the option to buy into Medicare and that the public should be able to negotiate prescription drug prices.

Valenzuela supported funding improvements to roads, bridges, and waterways, and said that doing so would generate economic growth and improve public safety.

Show sources

Sources: Fort Worth Star-Telegram, "34-year-old school board member enters race against Texas Rep. Marchant," April 15, 2019; Fort Worth Star-Telegram, "Meet the Texas Democrats running for Congress in District 24," February 12, 2020; Candace Valenzuela's 2020 campaign website, "Protecting and Improving Public Education," accessed October 1, 2020; Candance Valenzuela 2020 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 19, 2020; LinkedIn, "Candace Valenzuela," accessed October 1, 2020

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Texas District 24 in 2020.

Sam Vega

Image of Sam Vega

WebsiteFacebookTwitter

Party: Democratic Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography:  "Sam was born in Northwest Ohio to two working class parents. His father is a 2nd generation Mexican American Army veteran and state employee. His mother was born in the Dominican Republic and immigrated to the United States after struggling through a life of harsh poverty. She put herself to work, putting in long hours in factories and the food service industry. Like many working families, the Vegas experienced hardship. Notably, when Sam's mother suffered an injury in a workplace incident, it wasn't uncommon to go without a running water or spend a week without power. The struggle was amplified as his parents battled with lawyers and doctors who seemed hell bent on making their lives more stressful rather than treat his mother with compassion. The experience stuck with him, being the first of many instances in which he would watch corporate greed use and abuse working families. Sam studied at the University of Toledo, and became the first among his siblings to gain a degree. Like many of his peers, he sought an education as a ticket to a high paying job. But like over 44 million Americans today, he took on debt in order to pay for his education. Today, he still carries that burden, paying into the estimated 1.5 trillion dollars of debt collectively sitting on the backs of families across America. Sam moved to Texas in 2015 where he has worked as an Art Director and Project Manager. He is a proud Hispanic-American, and member of the working people of Texas."

Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

Healthcare is a human right.

We need to protect our environment and deal with the climate crisis.

We need to eliminate college debt.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Texas District 24 in 2020.


Noteworthy primary endorsements

This section includes noteworthy endorsements issued in the primary, added as we learn about them. Click here to read how we define noteworthy primary endorsements. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.

Click on the links below to explore each candidate's full list of endorsements on their campaign websites:

Democratic primary endorsements
Endorsement Biggan Fleming McDowell Olson Valenzuela Vega
Newspapers and editorials
The Dallas Morning News[3] ✔
Fort Worth Star-Telegram[1] ✔
Elected officials
U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.)[4] ✔
U.S. Rep. Veronica Escobar (D-Texas)[5] ✔
U.S. Rep. Debra Haaland (D-N.M.)[5] ✔
U.S. Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.)[6] ✔
U.S. Rep. Ayanna Pressley (D-Mass.)[5] ✔
Organizations
Common Defense[7] ✔
Congressional Black Caucus PAC[5] ✔
Congressional Hispanic Caucus BOLD PAC[5] ✔
Congressional Progressive Caucus PAC[5] ✔
EMILY's List[5] ✔
HER Time[8] ✔
Higher Heights[5] ✔
Latino Victory Fund[9] ✔
New Politics[10] ✔
Poder PAC[5] ✔
Progressive Change Campaign Committee[5] ✔
Serve America PAC[10] ✔
The Collective PAC[5] ✔
Vote Mama[5] ✔
VoteVets.org[10] ✔
Voter Protection Project[5] ✔


Campaign themes

See also: Campaign themes

John Biggan

Biggan’s campaign website stated the following:

“

HEALTHCARE
We can and must do a better job of ensuring ALL Americans get the care they need.

  • Supports Universal Health Care
  • Will fight to lower prescription drug costs by encouraging competition and allowing for the import of lower priced drugs from Canada
  • Encourages investment in research and development to keep America’s medical care on the cutting edge
  • Has first-hand knowledge of the complexities of the issue, which extends beyond insurance alone

ENERGY
I support the Green New Deal and the sense of urgency that it brings to the climate crisis. We have the tools to achieve energy independence, lower the cost of goods and services, and clean our air and water in the face of climate change.

  • Improving energy efficiency improves climate change and puts money in your pocket
  • Investing in clean energy reduces dependence on fossil fuels and will create a new green infrastructure and economy
  • Upgrading the Nation’s Grid storage is essential to creating sustainable clean energy sources

IMMIGRATION
Immigrants are valuable contributors to our economy and society. They are human beings worthy of dignity and respect.

  • Passage of the DREAM Act is long overdue
  • Immigrants contribute to economy through entrepreneurship and small-business ownership
  • Providing Immigrants with an obtainable path to citizenship increases the workforce, as well as overall tax revenue

TAXES
Taxes not only fund a functioning government; they fund a variety of public services that benefit all Americans.

  • Supports simplifying the tax code
  • Supports closing loopholes
  • Supports restoring the balance between individual and corporate tax rates, as well as increasing taxes on the super-rich

EDUCATION
Education is critical to the success of every individual American as well as the success of our society and the economy.

  • Remove federal mandates requiring standardized testing and restore the freedom of state and local governments to prepare students as they best see fit
  • Increase access to workforce training and technological literacy programs
  • Create access to universal pre-school
  • Supports decreasing regulation on teacher certification processes in order to help combat our growing teacher shortage

EQUALITY
We must make sure that all Americans are treated equally under the law. No one should be left behind because of who they are or whom they love.

  • Supports passage of the Equality Act
  • Supports passage of The Paycheck Fairness Act
  • Will fight to reinforce civil rights and civil liberties

WOMEN’S HEALTH
All women, regardless of background or ability to pay, should have access to quality health care, medically accurate sex education, contraception, and legal reproductive services.

  • Women, not the federal government, should decide for themselves when they want to be sexually active or get pregnant
  • Universal health care will ensure that all women get the care they need, however, until we can make that a reality we must expand Medicaid so that anyone who can’t afford care can get it
  • All teens, male and female, need comprehensive, age-appropriate and medically accurate sex education

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
New businesses help grow the economy, provide opportunities for employment and push innovation.

  • Providing Universal health care encourages small business creation by alleviating a great financial burden for potential entrepreneurs
  • Encourages increased competition, research and development and access to capitol for small business owners
  • Supports increasing new small business ownership by increasing legal immigration

INFRASTRUCTURE
Repair and new construction not only maintain the safety of our infrastructure, they provide immediate jobs, support businesses, and help people move about.

  • We need to assess and repair our levees, dams, waterways, electric grids, airports, and seaports, as well as our “C” rated roads and bridges
  • We must provide more public transport options including High Speed Rail
  • We must increase access to affordable and reliable High Speed Internet

SOCIAL SECURITY
Social Security has helped millions of retired Americans over the years, but it will not remain solvent if adjustments are not made and soon.

  • The income cap should be raised to $250,000 to account for income disparity but remain fair
  • The top 10% of earners live approximately a decade longer and many of the bottom 10% die before being able to claim benefits ensuring those who need it the most too often benefit the least

GUNS
I support the right of citizens to keep and bear arms for protection and hunting. However, we have the highest rates of gun violence of any first-world nation by a landslide. We must have sensible protections.

  • Supports Universal Background Checks
  • Supports increasing access to mental health services
  • Supports funding research

DRUGS
Too much time, money and resources are spent enforcing cannabis laws when we should be focusing on the deadly opioid crisis.

  • Supports marijuana legalization on the state or federal level and the reclassification of cannabis as a Schedule I drug
  • Committed to stopping the flow of illegal opioids into our communities, as well as changing the way we help addicts by focusing on harm reduction

[11]

”
—John Biggan’s campaign website (2020)[12]


Richard Fleming

Fleming’s campaign website stated the following:

“

Term Limits
It is time to remove career politicians and elect people who serve the people. Term limits are necessary to keep our democracy focused on serving everyday citizens. The majority of Americans support term limits for federal elected officials. Research has shown that the longer an elected official serves the less responsive they become to constituents and they become further removed from the critical issues facing everyday people.

Education
Increasing access to quality and equitable education for every child and adult.

Reducing income and learning disparities between schools.

Reducing the cost of higher education for all Americans.

Investing in our teachers by increasing pay and benefits.

Gun Reform
Common-sense gun laws that protect our schools and communities.

Restoring the ban on assault weapons and outlawing large capacity feeding machines.

Enacting universal background checks and a national gun registry.

Red flag laws that allow us to deter and provide resources to people likely to commit suicide or mass shootings.

Immigration
Immigrants enhance our economy and society. They are a key part of American prosperity and the future. We must adopt a compassionate and humane immigration policy.

Ending the Trump Administration’s family separation policy and reuniting families. Rewriting our immigration laws to adhere to the needs of our economy and nation. Allowing refugees and asylum seekers access to flee from tragedy. Ensuring protections and a simple path to citizenship for dreamers.

Campaign Finance Reform
Reduce the influence of money in politics. Campaign finance reform is critical in restoring a government for and by the people. Corporations are not people and can no longer be given an unbalanced influence on our government. Working to overturn Citizens United decision. Rewriting campaign finance laws.

Healthcare
Ensure that every individual has access to quality and affordable health care regardless of pre-existing conditions. This includes increasing competition for drug prices by striking down previous laws that stop federal agencies from negotiating with drug companies and allowing Americans to purchase prescriptions overseas. Expanding insurance coverage to all Americans and working to reduce costs of care. [11]

”
—Richard Fleming’s campaign website (2020)[13]


Jan McDowell

McDowell’s campaign website stated the following:

“

Immigration
No human is illegal.

Yes, it’s important to protect our safety, which means deporting people convicted of felonies. But we are all immigrants, and the diverse tapestry of America is made better by the contributions of all. Our economy depends on the work being done by all. Our safety relies on people being confident that they can report information to law enforcement without fear for their own safety.

Healthcare
Healthcare is a right, not a privilege.

The United States should not be the only country in the Western world that does not realize that foundational idea. A Medicare-for-all approach is probably the answer. In the meantime, we should be making improvements to Obamacare to ensure that people continue to have the healthcare they need.

Environment
This Earth is the place we call home

Let’s treat it accordingly. And it’s home for ALL of us. If you don’t want something in your backyard, don’t assume it will be ok down the road where someone else lives. Protections safeguarding our planet have a higher priority than the ability of a corporation to make ever bigger profits. And yes, I believe in science. As the late Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan said, “Everyone is entitled to his own opinion, but not his own facts.”

It’s time for a new national goal: to become a nation powered by sustainable, renewable sources rather than by fossil fuels. In the 1800s, we strove to build the Transcontinental Railroad, and in the 1960s we took pride in a national effort to put a man on the moon. This new goal must be what we rally around in the 21st century.

As we encourage STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) education, our clean energy revolution will provide the millions of new jobs to put those STEM graduates into great careers.

Taxes
Income is income. There should not be rules favoring capital gains income (typically earned by the wealthy) over ordinary income (your paycheck, or small business profit).

“Everyone is entitled to his own opinion, but not his own facts.” —The late Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan

Social Security
It’s a safety net lifting 14.7 million elderly Americans out of poverty. Benefits are earned through a lifetime of work. While life expectancy has increased dramatically, the very people who are most dependent on Social Security benefits are also more likely to be working in occupations that make it difficult to continue working into their later years. So an increase in the retirement age is not the answer. Raising or eliminating the wage cap for the Social Security tax, as has been done for the Medicare tax, is what I would support. Also, applying the Social Security tax to income currently labeled “capital gains income” would net a huge inflow of funding into the program.

Abortion
No one is “pro-abortion.” Abortions should be safe, legal, and rare. That requires easy access to contraception, and to a robust sexual education. A woman must ultimately have the right to make her own decisions about her body.

Women’s Rights
Women’s rights are human rights. Gender pay equality should be a no-brainer. Affordable, accessible child care benefits everyone…men, women, and children. Paid maternity and/or paternity leave are also important building blocks for families to thrive, which again benefits us all.

Equality for All
ALL citizens of our country deserve protection and equal treatment in all areas of life. If non-discrimination laws do not adequately identify a particular group to be protected, then the designation must be broadened to cover them. Regardless of Age, Gender, Ethnicity, Religion, Sexuality, ALL means ALL.

Gun Sense
It is unconscionable that the NRA has been able to use their seemingly bottomless pit of money to “persuade” Republican members of Congress to avoid even a vote on common sense gun measures endorsed by a big majority of all Americans. Those common-sense measures include ensuring that a background check is conducted on all gun purchases and banning the sale of assault weapons and high-capacity ammunition magazines. Pretending to “Back the Blue” while allowing officers to be out-gunned by civilians is hypocrisy. [11]

”
—Jan McDowell’s campaign website (2020)[14]


Kim Olson

Olson’s campaign website stated the following:

“

Restore honest leadership to Congress
Our elected officials seem to have forgotten they took an oath to represent their constituents to the best of their ability. We need real change in Washington, and I’m running to lead that change. I’ve spent my entire career serving my country and serving others -- and now, I want to serve you.

Make quality healthcare affordable
I believe that in the richest, most prosperous nation in the world, everyone (and I mean everyone) should have access to quality healthcare. I'm hopeful that with new leadership in the White House we will be able to expand on the progress made by the ACA and make quality, affordable health insurance available to everyone.

Take urgent action on climate change
I'm a farmer. I know first hand how climate change is affecting nearly all aspects of our lives. Climate change is the most immediate threat facing our nation right now. Among other efforts, we must promote job-creating renewable energy, uphold emissions standards, and end corporate welfare for polluters.

Invest in world-class education
As a former school board member, I am passionate about our public schools and the value of quality education. The federal government must act on ending the student loan debt crisis and take steps to make higher education more affordable.

Strengthen jobs in Texas
No one should be forced to work multiple full-time jobs in order to pay their bills or feed their families. We must support working families and ensure the one job for every Texan is enough to live with dignity.

Reduce the influence of money in our campaigns
It's past time to end Citizen's United and stop politicians from giving unfair advantages to billionaires and big corporations. Congress should be run for the people and by the people. I'm proud that my campaign does not accept any coporate PAC contributions.

Honor veterans and military families
When I was CEO of Grace After Fire, a non-profit dedicated to helping women veterans, we made significant strides towards ending veteran homelessness and decreasing suicide rates. But, there’s more work to be done. Moreover, we must put a stop to endless wars. Great nations should not perpetuate endless violence, they should broker peace.

Comprehensive and compassionate immigration reform
We are a nation of immigrants and their contributions to our society are not just valuable but imperative to our economy and cultural fabric. I oppose the construction of Trump's border wall and this administration's inhumane response to the humanitarian crisis on our border. Congress must act fast to grant citizenship to Dreamers. We can’t kick the can down the road any longer. We need comprehensive and compassionate immigration reform now.

Implement common sense gun safety reforms
As a 25 year Air Force veteran, I understand that weapons of war don't belong on our streets. But we won't pass gun safety reform until we elect leaders in Washington with the courage to stand up for us. Weapons of war do not belong on the streets of America. Period. Full stop. Moreover, It's time to close the background check loophole and ban high capacity magazines.

Protecting women's healthcare
Women should be the deciders of their own destiny--not the government or politicians. We must ensure every woman has access to safe and affordable reproductive health services that in unencumbered by politically motivated and onerous restrictions. [11]

”
—Kim Olson’s campaign website (2020)[15]


Candace Valenzuela

Valenzuela’s campaign website stated the following:

“

Defending a Woman's Right to Choose
Candace is strongly pro-choice, but she wants it to be an actual choice. That means that we need to not just make sure that abortion is widely accessible (and that we get rid of the Hyde amendment), but that birth control is low-cost, if not free, and that there is access to affordable prenatal and postnatal care for both baby and mama. Texas has a high maternal mortality rate for women of color, and millennials in general are opting to have fewer kids later, if at all, because the cost of healthcare and child care are so prohibitive.

Defending a woman’s right to choose does not stop at being pro-choice, which is why Candace champions policies like paid family and medical leave, universal pre-k and more. Candace will work with groups like EMILY’s List, Planned Parenthood and NARAL to ensure that a woman’s right to choose is protected.

Expanding Job and Skill Training
As a society we have lost sight of the fact that college is not right for everyone and that there are ample good paying jobs available to those who do not have a college degree but instead have technical skill training. Texas is suffering from a serious “skills gap,” meaning we do not have enough skilled workers to fit the job demands of our economy.

Investing in job training for 21st century jobs in our K-12 schools is where we need to start. As a school board trustee, Candace worked to expand vocational and STEM academies in the district’s K-12 schools and the area economy reaped the benefits. However, more needs to be done at the Federal level to help fill the skills gap that exists.

Comprehensive Immigration Reform
We need to break through the partisan gridlock in Washington to pass comprehensive immigration reform that honors our nation's history as a nation of immigrants. Candace’s great-grandparents immigrated to the United States from Mexico and her great-grandfather fought in World War I. For generations, her family has been committed to serving our country and many other immigrant families do the same.

Throughout our nation’s history immigrants have provided tremendous value both culturally and economically. In Texas 24, immigrants have more than $5 billion in spending power per year and contribute nearly $2 billion in local, state and federal taxes.

However, our immigrant communities face tremendous adversity due to an antiquated, convoluted immigration process and divisive politicians. In dealing with the millions of people living in this country without documentation, Candace wants to provide a pathway to citizenship for Dreamers—the people brought to the United States as children and know no other home—as well as the rest of our undocumented resident population. We will all benefit from allowing undocumented immigrants to come out of the shadows and further participate in our economy and society as a whole. Candace believes we also need to reform our asylum laws so that asylum cases are just, humane and dealt with in an efficient manner.

A common partisan political argument used by anti-immigrant lawmakers is that immigration leads to crime, but data shows this isn’t true. For immigrants who do commit violent crimes, we should not provide a path to citizenship. However, the overwhelming majority of immigrants are adding tremendous value to our society and have the opportunity to add more if we give them a path to citizenship.

We are a nation of immigrants, and we need to recognize how inclusiveness has been and once again can be one of our greatest strengths.

Protecting Our Environment
As global temperatures rise, we, as both a nation and as a planet, face the threat of rising sea levels and severe weather events, which are increasing in both frequency and ferocity. It threatens our food production, our livelihoods, and our safety. The world’s leading climatologists have warned us that our chance to reverse the damage will soon pass. Our children could be left with a world difficult to cultivate and without many of the wonders that we have taken for granted for too long.

We need to do everything we can to combat climate change while we still have the chance. We need to focus on investing in renewable energy options, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, while massively reducing our dependence on coal, gas, and oil. Yes, even in Texas we can provide strong incentives for the business community to help combat climate change, alongside a massive investment from the federal government. Part of this investment must establish programs to train and retrain workers for jobs in the renewable energy industry.

While many critics of plans for shifting our society to renewable energy sources and greener infrastructure often attack them as being too expensive, it absolutely vital to remember that there will be a much greater monetary cost if we fail to halt climate change. As we are hit with increasingly severe weather events, the damage to our cities and towns will also increase, becoming more and more expensive to recover from. As food production suffers, feeding our families will cost more as well. Many people expect fighting climate change to come with serious sacrifice, but an investment made in moving to a more environmentally-friendly society actually means an influx of new jobs for a wide range of workers, more affordable energy, and a newer, safer infrastructure. We have the opportunity to make saving the planet benefit us economically as well as environmentally, and Candace knows we can make it a reality if we work together.

Making Housing Accessible to All
Having lived through a period of homelessness as a child, Candace saw first hand how hard it is to recover from losing a home, and she benefited from programs that helped her family escape homelessness.

Over the last 30 years, rents have gone up while wages have stagnated, and as Americans have seen greater and greater portions of their incomes eaten by housing costs, a rising number of Americans have faced housing insecurity and homelessness.

With our fast growing population, Texas is facing an affordable housing crisis. Nearly half of Texans spending more than 30% of their household income on housing costs, exceeding the recommended level by experts. The largest obstacle we face is on the supply side, as there are just 30 units available per 100 Extremely Low Income (ELI) renters, according to the National Low Income Housing Coalition.

We are in desperate need to create more affordable housing, and we need to remove unnecessary zoning laws that drive up the costs of construction. In the wealthiest nation in the world, Candace believes that no one should be without shelter.

Preventing Gun Violence
As is the case for far too many Americans, gun violence is a personal issue for Candace. As a mother of two young boys, she does not want to fear sending her children to school. As a school board trustee, Candace has enacted policies at the local level to make our schools safer. But the inaction on the federal level to enact policies that the majority of Texans and Americans agree on, like universal background checks, ending the gun show loophole, and getting weapons of war off our streets, is unacceptable.

Candace grew up in El Paso and often went to the Walmart where the recent mass shooting occurred. She had friends who were at the Walmart during the shooting, and while they fortunately were not harmed physically, the incident has taken a major toll mentally. We all live under the fear of a mass shooting happening any time we are in public and that must end.

Protecting and Improving Public Education
As a current school board trustee, Candace knows first hand that our public education system is under attack. Corporate special interests have been undermining public education in favor of alternative models. As an educator, Candace knows that public education delivers the best results on a consistent basis.

We need to view education as an investment in our people. We have the opportunity to educate and train the workers of the 21st century and grow our economy from the middle out, rather than the top down. True opportunity means giving every child the opportunity to learn and grow regardless of their zip code, and allow any one who wants to attend college to do so without being saddled with student debt for years after graduation. But college is not right for everyone, so we also need to invest in job training for 21st century jobs in our K-12 schools. As a school board trustee, Candace has expanded STEM academies and job training in our schools and our community is already reaping the economic benefits. Candace wants to make those opportunities a reality for all children living in TX-24.

Protecting Medicare and Social Security
Medicare and Social Security provide millions of Texas seniors with critical health care benefits and retirement security. Texans have paid into them and have worked hard to earn these benefits. While Washington politicians threaten to cut these critical programs to finance tax cuts for the very wealthy, Candace is committed to protecting Medicare and Social Security for this generation and the next. Candace knows what it’s like to struggle to pay the bills and afford the high costs of medical care, and she will stand with Texas seniors to make sure our government keeps its promises to them.

Protecting our Democracy and Ending Political Corruption
Washington is no longer working for working families in Texas. Special interests and dark money have corrupted our system and halted progress on major legislation that would help families across TX-24, including passing gun violence prevention laws, making prescription drugs more affordable, and better funding our public schools.

Texans deserve representatives who will fight against the special interest money flooding into our nation’s capital. That’s why Candace is not taking corporate PAC contributions.

The Citizens United ruling has created an imbalance of power in our democracy. This imbalance of power will continue until we pass comprehensive campaign finance reform that gives the power back to the people and seriously regulates lobbying so that corporations and campaign donors are not the loudest voices in the room when decisions are made.

Making Healthcare Accessible for Everyone
Candace was in a car accident in high school, resulting in chronic back pain. As a result, after graduating college, Candace was forced to work a second and third job just to afford her health care premiums and deductibles. The cost of the physical therapy, prescription drugs, and ongoing care she needed to get healthy put her into debt. This story is remarkable in that it is increasingly unremarkable: Far too many Americans struggle to afford the care they need, and that’s wrong.

The Affordable Care Act made great progress, but health care access is still far too limited and health care costs continue to skyrocket in the U.S. The U.S. is the only developed nation that does not guarantee its citizens access to health care, and we pay more for our health care and our prescription drugs, per capita, by far. Candace believes that investing in health care for all Americans is not only the morally right thing to do, but it will also save taxpayers money long-term by making workers more productive, increasing preventive care so that we catch illnesses early, and negotiating prescription drug prices down. Candace believes that health care is a human right.

Addressing Income Inequality and the Shrinking Middle Class
Growing up, Candace’s family struggled with poverty and homelessness. They got back on their feet with the help of affordable housing, food stamps, and public education, but today, those lifelines to opportunity are under attack.

As the cost of living in our country has increased over the last few decades, wages have remained stagnant, putting more and more families in the same position Candace was in as a child. We’ve invested insufficiently in education and job training and the federal minimum wage has not increased in well over a decade, while health care costs regularly send people into bankruptcy, and an entire generation has been crippled by student debt. Many Americans are working two or three jobs just to make enough money to survive. [11]

”
—Candace Valenzuela’s campaign website (2020)[16]


Sam Vega

Vega’s campaign website stated the following:

“

Climate Change
The climate crisis is a threat to our very existence. The time to stand for our future is NOW.

Medicare for All
Most developed nations see healthcare as a fundamental right. We should too.

Voting Rights
Voting should be one of the simplest ways to participate in our democracy. Let's work to make sure that it's easy, accessible, and fair.

Women’s Rights
Women make up 51% of the population. It is beyond time we legislate women's inalienable rights to their own bodies.

Housing for All
The homelessness crisis only worsens as the gulf between the rich and poor widens. It is our duty to ensure everyone has safe, accessible, and affordable housing.

Criminal Justice Reform
Our criminal justice system favors the rich and unjustly punishes the poor. To fix this, we need wide-ranging reform.

LGBTQ+ Equality
LGBTQ+ people have always existed. It is time we ensure their place in our world with legislation that protects them from all forms of discrimination. [11]

”
—Sam Vega’s campaign website (2020)[17]


Campaign advertisements

This section shows advertisements released in this race. Ads released by campaigns and, if applicable, satellite groups are embedded or linked below. If you are aware of advertisements that should be included, please email us.

John Biggan

"Believe" - Biggan campaign ad, released January 28, 2020


Jan McDowell

"Working Together" - McDowell campaign ad, released December 11, 2019


Kim Olson

"Reckless" - Olson campaign ad, released January 30, 2020


Candace Valenzuela

"Four Walls" - Valenzuela campaign ad, released June 25, 2019


Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls

If you are aware of polls conducted in this race, please email us.

Campaign finance

The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.

Name Party Receipts* Disbursements** Cash on hand Date
John Biggan Democratic Party $78,547 $74,547 $4,000 As of March 31, 2020
Richard Fleming Democratic Party $18,539 $18,533 $7 As of December 31, 2020
Crystal Fletcher Democratic Party $127,573 $127,573 $0 As of June 25, 2020
Jan McDowell Democratic Party $82,637 $95,957 $0 As of March 31, 2020
Kim Olson Democratic Party $1,810,048 $1,810,048 $0 As of November 30, 2020
Candace Valenzuela Democratic Party $4,945,026 $4,933,059 $11,967 As of December 31, 2020
Sam Vega Democratic Party $0 $0 $0 Data not available***

Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2020. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).

* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee."
** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election.
*** Candidate either did not report any receipts or disbursements to the FEC, or Ballotpedia did not find an FEC candidate ID.


Satellite spending

See also: Satellite spending

Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[18][19][20]

This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.

Primaries in Texas

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Texas utilizes an open primary system. Voters do not have to register with a party in advance in order to participate in that party's primary. The voter must sign a pledge stating the following (the language below is taken directly from state statutes)[23]

“ The following pledge shall be placed on the primary election ballot above the listing of candidates' names: 'I am a (insert appropriate political party) and understand that I am ineligible to vote or participate in another political party's primary election or convention during this voting year.'[11] ”

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Runoff elections in Texas

In Texas, a primary election candidate for congressional, state, or county office must receive a majority of the vote (more than 50%) to be declared the winner. If no candidate wins the requisite majority, a runoff election is held between the top two vote-getters.[24]

As of 2020, the Texas Secretary of State office stated, "There is no requirement to have previously voted in the general primary election in order to participate in the subsequent primary runoff election. Therefore, if a qualified voter did not vote in the general primary election, they are still eligible to vote in the primary runoff election." The office also stated that "if a voter votes in the primary of one party, they will only be able to vote in that party’s primary runoff election. ... After being affiliated with a party, a voter is not able to change or cancel their party affiliation until the end of the calendar year."[25]


What was at stake in the general election?

See also: Texas' 24th Congressional District election, 2020

U.S. House elections were held on November 3, 2020, and coincided with the 2020 presidential election. All 435 House districts were up for election, and the results determined control of the U.S. House in the 117th Congress.

At the time of the election, Democrats had a 232-197 advantage over Republicans. There was one Libertarian member, and there were five vacancies. Republicans needed to gain a net 21 seats to win control of the House. Democrats needed to gain seats or lose fewer than 14 net seats to keep their majority.

In the 2018 midterm election, Democrats had a net gain of 40 seats, winning a 235-200 majority in the House. Heading into the 2018 election, Republicans had a 235-193 majority with seven vacancies.

In the 25 previous House elections that coincided with a presidential election, the president's party had gained House seats in 16 elections and lost seats in nine. In years where the president's party won districts, the average gain was 18. In years where the president's party lost districts, the average loss was 27. Click here for more information on presidential partisanship and down-ballot outcomes.


General election race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[26]
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[27][28][29]

Race ratings: Texas' 24th Congressional District election, 2020
Race trackerRace ratings
November 3, 2020October 27, 2020October 20, 2020October 13, 2020
The Cook Political ReportLean DemocraticToss-upToss-upToss-up
Inside Elections with Nathan L. GonzalesTilt DemocraticToss-upToss-upToss-up
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal BallLean DemocraticLean DemocraticLean DemocraticLean Democratic
Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every week throughout the election season.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

The 2017 Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+9, meaning that in the previous two presidential elections, this district's results were 9 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 24th Congressional District the 151st most Republican nationally.[30]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.11. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.11 points toward that party.[31]

Pivot Counties

See also: Pivot Counties by state

One of 254 Texas counties—0.4 percent—is a Pivot County. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.

Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008
County Trump margin of victory in 2016 Obama margin of victory in 2012 Obama margin of victory in 2008
Jefferson County, Texas 0.48% 1.61% 2.25%

In the 2016 presidential election, Donald Trump (R) won Texas with 52.2 percent of the vote. Hillary Clinton (D) received 43.2 percent. In presidential elections between 1900 and 2016, Texas cast votes for the winning presidential candidate 66.7 percent of the time. In that same time frame, Texas supported Democratic candidates slightly more often than Republicans, 53.3 to 46.7 percent. The state, however, favored Republicans in every presidential election between 2000 and 2016.

Presidential results by legislative district

The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state House districts in Texas. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns describe the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns describe the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.[32][33]

In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 54 out of 150 state House districts in Texas with an average margin of victory of 37.4 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 65 out of 150 state House districts in Texas with an average margin of victory of 36.4 points. Clinton won 10 districts controlled by Republicans heading into the 2018 elections.
In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 96 out of 150 state House districts in Texas with an average margin of victory of 36.2 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 85 out of 150 state House districts in Texas with an average margin of victory of 34.5 points.


District election history

2018

See also: Texas' 24th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Texas District 24

Incumbent Kenny Marchant defeated Jan McDowell and Mike Kolls in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 24 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Kenny Marchant
Kenny Marchant (R)
 
50.6
 
133,317
Image of Jan McDowell
Jan McDowell (D) Candidate Connection
 
47.5
 
125,231
Image of Mike Kolls
Mike Kolls (L)
 
1.8
 
4,870

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 263,418
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 24

Jan McDowell defeated John Biggan, Edward Allen, and Joshua Andrew Imhoff in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 24 on March 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Jan McDowell
Jan McDowell Candidate Connection
 
52.5
 
14,551
Image of John Biggan
John Biggan
 
21.5
 
5,970
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Submit photo
Edward Allen
 
20.0
 
5,556
Image of Joshua Andrew Imhoff
Joshua Andrew Imhoff
 
6.0
 
1,663

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 27,740
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 24

Incumbent Kenny Marchant defeated Johnathan Davidson in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 24 on March 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Kenny Marchant
Kenny Marchant
 
74.4
 
30,310
Image of Johnathan Davidson
Johnathan Davidson
 
25.6
 
10,425

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 40,735
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2016

See also: Texas' 24th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Kenny Marchant (R) defeated Jan McDowell (D), Mike Kolls (L) and Kevin McCormick (G) in the general election on November 8, 2016. No candidates faced any primary opposition on March 1, 2016.[34][35]

U.S. House, Texas District 24 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngKenny Marchant Incumbent 56.2% 154,845
     Democratic Jan McDowell 39.3% 108,389
     Libertarian Mike Kolls 3.1% 8,625
     Green Kevin McCormick 1.4% 3,776
Total Votes 275,635
Source: Texas Secretary of State

2014

See also: Texas' 24th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 24th Congressional District of Texas held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Kenny Marchant (R) defeated Patrick McGehearty (D) and Mike Kolls (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Texas District 24 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngKenny Marchant Incumbent 65% 93,712
     Democratic Patrick McGehearty 32.3% 46,548
     Libertarian Mike Kolls 2.6% 3,813
Total Votes 144,073
Source: Texas Secretary of State

State profile

See also: Texas and Texas elections, 2019
USA Texas location map.svg

Partisan data

The information in this section was current as of January 22, 2020

Presidential voting pattern

  • Texas voted Republican in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

Congressional delegation

State executives

State legislature

Texas Party Control: 1992-2025
Three years of Democratic trifectas  •  Twenty-three years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Governor D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Senate D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
House D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Texas quick stats
  • Became a state in 1845
  • 28th state admitted to the United States
  • Texas was an independent republic from 1836 to 1845
  • Members of the Texas State Senate: 31
  • Members of the Texas House of Representatives: 150
  • U.S. senators: 2
  • U.S. representatives: 36
More Texas coverage on Ballotpedia:


Demographic data for Texas
 TexasU.S.
Total population:27,429,639316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):261,2323,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:74.9%73.6%
Black/African American:11.9%12.6%
Asian:4.2%5.1%
Native American:0.5%0.8%
Pacific Islander:0.1%0.2%
Two or more:2.5%3%
Hispanic/Latino:38.4%17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:81.9%86.7%
College graduation rate:27.6%29.8%
Income
Median household income:$53,207$53,889
Persons below poverty level:19.9%11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Texas.
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.


See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fort Worth Star-Telegram, " In competitive Fort Worth-area Congress race, this candidate gives Democrats best shot," February 10, 2020
  2. ↑ Candidate Connection surveys completed before September 26, 2019, were not used to generate candidate profiles. In battleground primaries, Ballotpedia based its selection of noteworthy candidates on polling, fundraising, and noteworthy endorsements. In battleground general elections, all major party candidates and any other candidates with the potential to impact the outcome of the race were included.
  3. ↑ The Dallas Morning News, "Still on the fence about the best candidates? Our recommendations for the March 3 primaries can help," February 19, 2020
  4. ↑ The Dallas Morning News, "Elizabeth Warren backs Candace Valenzuela in District 24 congressional race," January 28, 2020
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 Candace Valenzuela 2020 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed February 19, 2020
  6. ↑ Candace Valenzuela 2020 campaign website, "Representative Pramila Jayapal," January 13, 2020
  7. ↑ Facebook, "Candace Valenzuela for Congress on February 25, 2020," accessed March 30, 2020
  8. ↑ Twitter, "HER Time on February 21, 2020," accessed February 26, 2020
  9. ↑ Latino Victory, "Latino Victory Fund Endorses Candace Valenzuela for Congress," January 22, 2020
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Kim Olson 2020 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed February 19, 2020
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  12. ↑ John Biggan’s 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed February 19, 2020
  13. ↑ Richard Fleming’s 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed February 19, 2020
  14. ↑ Jan McDowell’s 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed February 19, 2020
  15. ↑ Kim Olson’s 2020 campaign website, “My Priorities,” accessed February 19, 2020
  16. ↑ Candace Valenzuela’s 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed February 19, 2020
  17. ↑ Sam Vega’s 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed February 19, 2020
  18. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
  19. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
  20. ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
  21. ↑ Open Secrets, "Committee for Hispanic Causes-BOLD PAC" accessed February 19, 2020
  22. ↑ Open Secrets, "Women Vote!" accessed February 19, 2020
  23. ↑ Texas Statutes, "Section 172.086," accessed October 7, 2024
  24. ↑ Texas Legislature, "Chapter 172. Primary Elections," accessed July 10, 2020
  25. ↑ Texas Secretary of State, "Election Advisory No. 2020-05," February 11, 2020
  26. ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
  27. ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
  28. ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
  29. ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
  30. ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
  31. ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018
  32. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts," July 9, 2013
  33. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2016 presidential results for congressional and legislative districts," February 6, 2017
  34. ↑ Texas Secretary of State, "2016 March Primary Election Candidate Filings by County," accessed December 15, 2015
  35. ↑ The New York Times, "Texas Primary Results," March 1, 2016


Texas' current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators
John Cornyn (R)
Ted Cruz (R)
Representatives
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
District 7
District 8
District 9
Al Green (D)
District 10
District 11
District 12
District 13
District 14
District 15
District 16
District 17
District 18
Vacant
District 19
District 20
District 21
Chip Roy (R)
District 22
District 23
District 24
District 25
District 26
District 27
District 28
District 29
District 30
District 31
District 32
District 33
District 34
District 35
District 36
District 37
District 38
Republican Party (27)
Democratic Party (12)
Vacancies (1)


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