Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2024

	2026 → ← 2022
Texas' 31st Congressional District
	Democratic primary; Democratic primary runoff; Republican primary; General election
Election details
	Filing deadline: December 11, 2023
	Primary: March 5, 2024; Primary runoff: May 28, 2024; General: November 5, 2024
How to vote
	Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.; Voting in Texas
Race ratings
	Cook Political Report: Solid Republican; DDHQ and The Hill: Safe Republican; Inside Elections: Solid Republican; Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Republican
Ballotpedia analysis
	U.S. Senate battlegrounds; U.S. House battlegrounds; Federal and state primary competitiveness; Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024
See also
	Texas' 31st Congressional District; U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th • 9th • 10th • 11th • 12th • 13th • 14th • 15th • 16th • 17th • 18th • 19th • 20th • 21st • 22nd • 23rd • 24th • 25th • 26th • 27th • 28th • 29th • 30th • 31st • 32nd • 33rd • 34th • 35th • 36th • 37th • 38th; Texas elections, 2024; U.S. Congress elections, 2024; U.S. Senate elections, 2024; U.S. House elections, 2024; Alabama U.S. House racesAlaska U.S. House racesArizona U.S. House racesArkansas U.S. House racesCalifornia U.S. House racesColorado U.S. House racesConnecticut U.S. House racesDelaware U.S. House racesFlorida U.S. House racesGeorgia U.S. House racesHawaii U.S. House racesIdaho U.S. House racesIllinois U.S. House racesIndiana U.S. House racesIowa U.S. House racesKansas U.S. House racesKentucky U.S. House racesLouisiana U.S. House racesMaine U.S. House racesMaryland U.S. House racesMassachusetts U.S. House racesMichigan U.S. House racesMinnesota U.S. House racesMississippi U.S. House racesMissouri U.S. House racesMontana U.S. House racesNebraska U.S. House racesNevada U.S. House racesNew Hampshire U.S. House racesNew Jersey U.S. House racesNew Mexico U.S. House racesNew York U.S. House racesNorth Carolina U.S. House racesNorth Dakota U.S. House racesOhio U.S. House racesOklahoma U.S. House racesOregon U.S. House racesPennsylvania U.S. House racesRhode Island U.S. House racesSouth Carolina U.S. House racesSouth Dakota U.S. House racesTennessee U.S. House racesTexas U.S. House racesUtah U.S. House racesVermont U.S. House racesVirginia U.S. House racesWashington U.S. House racesWest Virginia U.S. House racesWisconsin U.S. House racesWyoming U.S. House racesSubmit

Texas 2024 elections

U.S. Senate • U.S. House • Congressional special elections • State executive offices • State Senate • State House • Special state legislative • Supreme court • Appellate courts • Local ballot measures • School boards • Municipal • Recalls • All other local • How to run for office

All U.S. House districts, including the 31st Congressional District of Texas, held elections in 2024. The general election was November 5, 2024. The primary was March 5, 2024, and a primary runoff was May 28, 2024. The filing deadline was December 11, 2023.

The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 119th Congress. All 435 House districts were up for election.

At the time of the election, Republicans held a 220-212 majority with three vacancies.^[1] As a result of the election, Republicans retained control of the U.S. House, winning 220 seats to Democrats' 215.^[2] To read more about the 2024 U.S. House elections, click here.

In the 2022 election in this district, the Republican candidate won 100.0%-0.0%. Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 59.2%-39.0%.^[3]

For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for U.S. House Texas District 31

Incumbent John Carter defeated Stuart Whitlow in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 31 on November 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	John Carter (R)	64.4	229,087
	Stuart Whitlow (D)	35.6	126,470

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 355,557
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Caleb Ferrell (L)

Democratic primary runoff election

Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 31

Stuart Whitlow defeated Brian Walbridge in the Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 31 on May 28, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Stuart Whitlow	68.5	3,512
	Brian Walbridge	31.5	1,614

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 5,126
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31

Stuart Whitlow and Brian Walbridge advanced to a runoff. They defeated Rick Von Pfeil in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Stuart Whitlow	48.4	10,023
✔	Brian Walbridge	25.8	5,346
	Rick Von Pfeil	25.8	5,332

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 20,701
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	John Carter	65.3	55,092
	Mike Williams	11.1	9,355
	Mack Latimer	7.8	6,593
	Abhiram Garapati	7.4	6,256
	William Abel	5.2	4,362
	John Anderson	3.2	2,732

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 84,390
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 31

Caleb Ferrell advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 23, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Caleb Ferrell (L)

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Stuart Whitlow

Party: Democratic Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography: "My name is Stuart Whitlow and I am running for Congress to retire John Carter and help restore Democrats to the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives. Democracy is on the ballot in 2024 — to protect the rights of ALL Texans we must elect a leader who will fight for the issues that matter most to our community: reproductive rights, Medicaid, constitutional rights, environmental protections, public education, expanding our economy, ending gun violence, protecting the rights of all Texans, and more. I’ve earned a BA from Southwestern, a Masters of Divinity from Vanderbilt, and joint degrees from UT’s LBJ School and UT Law, graduating with Honors. I’ve spent 35 years as an attorney and worked with the Texas Legal Services Center to provide legal help to over 7,000 Texans seeking free services. I also played a key role in starting the award-winning job training program “Capital Idea” and in expanding it into Williamson County. As a lifelong Democrat and Williamson and Bell County native, I will fight to restore our rights, protect our democracy, and deliver real results for CD 31."

Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

Democracy is on the ballot in 2024. When elected, Congresspeople take an oath to “support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic.” But when our current Congressman voted to overturn President Biden’s victory he abandoned his oath in favor of partisan politics that do not serve our country or our community. I’m running for Congress to stand up to John Carter and deliver real results for CD 31 so that Americans born in this century will live in a Democracy where they’ll thrive.

From the State House to the U.S. House, our leaders have attacked the fundamental rights we hold dear in this country. As your next Congressman, I will work tirelessly to collaborate with my constituents and colleagues and get back to work on the issues that matter most to our community. I have two sons in college, and I want them to live in a country bound by civility, equality, and justice for ALL people. Instead of wasting precious legislative time, like taking 15 votes to elect a Speaker, Congress should focus on improving the lives of all Americans by addressing kitchen table issues — when I’m elected, I will do just that.

As a lifelong Democrat, voters can go to the polls knowing that I share their values and their priorities for our community. And as your congressman, I will fight for those values every single day. Congress must work to restore reproductive rights, advance healthcare, protect public education, defend our democracy, expand our economy, save our environment, end our gun violence pandemic, support equal rights for all Texans, and protect the freedoms guaranteed by our constitution.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Texas District 31 in 2024.

Voting information

See also: Voting in Texas

Election information in Texas: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

In-person: Oct. 7, 2024
By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 7, 2024
Online: N/A

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

No

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

In-person: Oct. 25, 2024
By mail: Received by Oct. 25, 2024
Online: N/A

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
By mail: Postmarked by Nov. 5, 2024

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 21, 2024 to Nov. 1, 2024

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

7:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m. (CST/MST)

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

Survey responses from candidates in this race

Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.

Expand all | Collapse all

Please list below 3 key messages of your campaign. What are the main points you want voters to remember about your goals for your time in office?

Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/swhitlow.jpg

Stuart Whitlow (D)

Democracy is on the ballot in 2024. When elected, Congresspeople take an oath to “support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic.” But when our current Congressman voted to overturn President Biden’s victory he abandoned his oath in favor of partisan politics that do not serve our country or our community. I’m running for Congress to stand up to John Carter and deliver real results for CD 31 so that Americans born in this century will live in a Democracy where they’ll thrive.

From the State House to the U.S. House, our leaders have attacked the fundamental rights we hold dear in this country. As your next Congressman, I will work tirelessly to collaborate with my constituents and colleagues and get back to work on the issues that matter most to our community. I have two sons in college, and I want them to live in a country bound by civility, equality, and justice for ALL people. Instead of wasting precious legislative time, like taking 15 votes to elect a Speaker, Congress should focus on improving the lives of all Americans by addressing kitchen table issues — when I’m elected, I will do just that.

As a lifelong Democrat, voters can go to the polls knowing that I share their values and their priorities for our community. And as your congressman, I will fight for those values every single day. Congress must work to restore reproductive rights, advance healthcare, protect public education, defend our democracy, expand our economy, save our environment, end our gun violence pandemic, support equal rights for all Texans, and protect the freedoms guaranteed by our constitution.

What areas of public policy are you personally passionate about?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

As a father, lifelong Democrat, and Williamson and Bell County native, I care deeply about the everyday effect of public policy in our community. I am particularly passionate about issues such as restoring reproductive rights, protecting our public schools, healthcare accessibility, immigration reform, inflation reduction, equal rights for all Texans, and economic development. I will also focus on supporting active duty military personnel and our Veterans. These are not just policy areas to me; they are the foundation for a thriving, equitable society. It is essential that we prioritize policies that not only address immediate needs but also lay the groundwork for long-term prosperity and resilience.

What characteristics or principles are most important for an elected official?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

In my view, the characteristics and principles most important for an elected official are integrity, commitment to justice, and a steadfast dedication to serving the public good. These values are the foundation of my campaign and reflect my lifelong commitment to democracy and public service.

Integrity is paramount. An elected official must be honest, transparent, and accountable to the people they represent. Throughout my 35-year career as an attorney and my work with the Texas Legal Services Center, I have upheld these principles, providing legal assistance to over 7,000 Texans seeking free legal services and ensuring they receive the support and justice they deserve.

Commitment to justice involves fighting for the rights and dignity of all individuals. This means standing up against injustices, advocating for equality, and working tirelessly to ensure that our laws and policies reflect the values of fairness and equity. My work in founding the Capital Idea job-training program was driven by this commitment, aiming to provide Texans with the opportunities they need to improve their lives.

Dedication to serving the public good means putting the needs and welfare of our community above all else. As a lifelong Democrat and a native of Williamson and Bell County, I have always prioritized the well-being of my community.

Furthermore, an elected official must possess the ability to listen, empathize, and respond effectively to the needs of their constituents. This involves not only understanding the issues at hand but also being proactive in seeking solutions that address the root causes of our challenges.

What do you believe are the core responsibilities for someone elected to this office?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

As a candidate for Congress, I see the core responsibilities of this office as legislating effectively, representing the interests of my constituents, and serving our community's needs with integrity and accountability.

I will work to craft laws that foster justice, equity, and opportunity, focusing on crucial issues like healthcare, education, democracy, immigration, inflation, and economic growth, and environmental protection. My commitment is to policies that benefit all in CD 31.

I will be a true voice for the district, actively engaging with constituents, understanding their concerns, and reflecting their aspirations in every legislative action. My deep roots and extensive community work in Texas have honed my ability to listen and advocate for our community’s needs.

Moreover, protecting democracy is essential — fighting against voter suppression, and upholding constitutional values. My campaign underscores democracy's significance, aiming to ensure fairness and uphold our democratic principles in Congress.

What is your favorite book? Why?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

My favorite texts are the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. These foundational documents guide our nation's principles of liberty, justice, and democracy. They not only establish the framework of our government and protect individual freedoms but also inspire my commitment to public service. As a lifelong advocate for justice and a candidate for Congress, these documents are the cornerstone of my professional ethos and personal values. They reinforce my dedication to ensuring fairness, upholding rights, and fostering a society where the rule of law and individual liberties are paramount.

What qualities does the U.S. House of Representatives possess that makes it unique as an institution?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

The U.S. House of Representatives stands unique due to its direct accountability to the people, necessitated by elections every two years. This setup ensures Representatives remain closely connected with their constituents' immediate needs and concerns. The smaller size of districts allows for a deep understanding of local challenges and opportunities, enabling tailored and effective advocacy. This close connection with the electorate ensures the House is a dynamic, responsive body that accurately reflects and addresses the public's voice. My commitment is to harness this unique aspect to advocate passionately for our district's needs and values.

What do you perceive to be the United States’ greatest challenges as a nation over the next decade?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

The United States' greatest challenges over the next decade include preserving our democracy, overcoming polarization, and restoring reproductive rights. Democracy is our foundation, and it's crucial to protect it from threats, both foreign and domestic, ensuring the principles of fairness and the rule of law prevail. We must bridge the deep divides that polarize our nation, fostering a dialogue to help heal our country and move forward. Additionally, the fight to restore reproductive rights is paramount, ensuring women have the freedom to make their healthcare decisions. My focus is on defending democratic values, uniting our country, and advocating for the fundamental rights we hold dear.

How should the U.S. House use its investigative powers?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

The U.S. House should focus its investigative powers on breaches of Presidential and Congressional oaths, as seen with the Jan 6 committee's effective accountability efforts. Such investigations are vital for upholding democracy, ensuring government integrity, and maintaining public trust. Concentrating on significant violations, and refusing to abuse this investigative power for political gain, helps prevent power abuses and strengthens our democratic institutions. I advocate for transparent and fair use of these powers to protect our foundational principles.

What organizations or individuals have endorsed your campaign?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

Williamson County Commissioner Terry Cook

Bell County Commissioner Louie Minor Texas AFL-CIO COPE Capitol Area Progressive Democrats Liberal Austin Democrats Luis Echegaray - 2022 Democratic Nominee, Texas HD 52 Tina Steiner - Teacher, Advocate, Community Leader, 5 th Generation RR Native Karen Felthauser - Ground Breaking Texas HD52 Candidate, Retired Teacher Jose Orta, 2022 Democratic Nominee, County Commissioner 4, WilCo Community Activist

Rev. Lou Snead, Retired Presbyterian Minister

What are your views on financial transparency and government accountability?

Stuart Whitlow (D)

My views on financial transparency and government accountability are rooted in the belief that integrity and openness are fundamental to a healthy democracy. Financial transparency ensures that constituents can see how their money is being used, fostering trust between the public and their elected officials. Government accountability holds those in office to their promises and responsibilities, ensuring they serve the public's interest above all. I have spent my career advocating for the rights and services of Texans, working to provide legal assistance to over 7,000 Texans seeking free legal services and founding the Capital Idea job-training program to improve economic opportunities. These experiences have reinforced my commitment to transparency and accountability, showing me how vital they are in building and maintaining public trust.

Campaign finance

Name	Party	Receipts*	Disbursements**	Cash on hand	Date
John Carter	Republican Party	$1,217,908	$1,587,961	$41,439	As of December 31, 2024
Rick Von Pfeil	Democratic Party	$125,621	$103,543	$22,060	As of September 30, 2024
Brian Walbridge	Democratic Party	$67,684	$67,684	$0	As of December 31, 2024
Stuart Whitlow	Democratic Party	$311,837	$308,186	$3,651	As of December 31, 2024
William Abel	Republican Party	$8,194	$8,194	$0	As of April 4, 2024
John Anderson	Republican Party	$28,629	$28,629	$0	As of April 1, 2024
Abhiram Garapati	Republican Party	$175	$0	$1,175	As of September 30, 2023
Mack Latimer	Republican Party	$30,163	$25,316	$2,523	As of February 14, 2024
Mike Williams	Republican Party	$1,900	$1,900	$68,408	As of December 31, 2024
Caleb Ferrell	Libertarian Party	$0	$0	$0	Data not available***
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC). * According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election. * Candidate either did not report any receipts or disbursements to the FEC, or Ballotpedia did not find an FEC candidate ID.

General election race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.^[4]
Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Race ratings: Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2024
Race tracker	Race ratings
	November 5, 2024	October 29, 2024	October 22, 2024	October 15, 2024
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Solid Republican
Decision Desk HQ and The Hill	Safe Republican	Safe Republican	Safe Republican	Safe Republican
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Solid Republican
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball	Safe Republican	Safe Republican	Safe Republican	Safe Republican
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week.

Ballot access

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Texas in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2024
State	Office	Party	Signatures required	Filing fee	Filing deadline	Source
Texas	U.S. House	Democratic or Republican	2% of votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less	$3,125.00	12/11/2023	Source
Texas	U.S. House	Unaffiliated	5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less	N/A	12/11/2023	Source

District analysis

Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.

District map - A map of the district in place for the election.
Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2024 U.S. House elections in the state.
Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.

District map

Competitiveness
Presidential elections

State party control

Below was the map in use at the time of the election. Click the map below to enlarge it.

See also: Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024

This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in Texas.

Texas U.S. House competitiveness, 2014-2024
Year	Districts/ offices	Seats	Open seats	Candidates	Possible primaries	Contested Democratic primaries	Contested Republican primaries	% of contested primaries	Incumbents in contested primaries	% of incumbents in contested primaries
2024	38	38	3	160	76	16	23	51.3%	19	54.3%
2022	38	38	6	222	76	17	27	57.9%	19	59.4%
2020	36	36	6	231	72	24	26	69.4%	18	60.0%
2018	36	36	8	212	72	25	21	63.9%	15	53.6%
2016	36	36	2	127	72	13	20	45.8%	19	55.9%
2014	36	36	1	100	72	6	13	26.4%	12	34.3%

Post-filing deadline analysis

The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in Texas in 2024. Information below was calculated on 1/29/2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.

In 2024, 164 candidates filed to run for Texas’ 38 U.S. House districts, including 63 Democrats and 101 Republicans. That was 4.3 candidates per district, the lowest number since 2016, when 3.5 candidates ran.

In 2022, the first election after the number of congressional districts in Texas increased from 36 to 38, 5.8 candidates ran per district. In 2020, 6.4 candidates ran, and 5.8 candidates ran in 2018.

The 164 candidates who ran in 2024 were also the fewest total number to run since 2016, when 127 candidates ran. One hundred candidates ran for Texas’ then-36 districts in 2014, the fewest in the decade, while 231 ran in 2020, the decade-high.

Three seats were open. That was the fewest since 2016, when two seats were open. Six seats were open in 2022 and 2020, and eight were in 2018—the decade-high.

Reps. Kay Granger (R-12th) and Michael Burgess (R-26th) retired from public office. Rep. Colin Allred (D-32nd) didn't seek re-election in order to run for the U.S. Senate. Fourteen candidates—10 Democrats and 4 Republicans—ran for the open 32nd district, the most candidates who ran for a seat in 2024.

Thirty-nine primaries—16 Democratic and 23 Republican—were contested this year. That was the fewest since 2016, when 33 were contested. There were 44 contested primaries in 2022, 50 in 2020, and 46 in 2018.

Nineteen incumbents—six Democrats and thirteen Republicans—faced primary challengers this year. That was the same number as 2022, and one more than in 2020.

Three districts—the 9th, the 20th, and the 30th—were guaranteed to Democrats because no Republicans filed to run. Five were guaranteed to Republicans because no Democrats filed to run—the 1st, the 11th, the 13th, the 19th, and the 25th.

Partisan Voter Index

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+14. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 14 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 31st the 100th most Republican district nationally.^[8]

2020 presidential election results

The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.

2020 presidential results in Texas' 31st based on 2024 district lines
Joe Biden	Donald Trump
39.0%	59.2%

Inside Elections Baselines

See also: Inside Elections

Inside Elections' Baseline is a figure that analyzes all federal and statewide election results from the district over the past four election cycles. The results are combined in an index estimating the strength of a typical Democratic or Republican candidate in the congressional district.^[9] The table below displays the Baseline data for this district.

Inside Elections Baseline for 2024
Democratic Baseline	Republican Baseline	Difference
35.1	62.4	D+27.3

Presidential voting history

See also: Presidential election in Texas, 2020

Texas presidential election results (1900-2020)

16 Democratic wins
15 Republican wins

Year	1900	1904	1908	1912	1916	1920	1924	1928	1932	1936	1940	1944	1948	1952	1956	1960	1964	1968	1972	1976	1980	1984	1988	1992	1996	2000	2004	2008	2012	2016	2020
Winning Party	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	D	D	D	R	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

See also: Party control of Texas state government

Congressional delegation

The table below displays the partisan composition of Texas' congressional delegation as of May 2024.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Texas
Party	U.S. Senate	U.S. House	Total
Democratic	0	12	12
Republican	2	25	27
Independent	0	0	0
Vacancies	0	1	1
Total	2	38	40

State executive

The table below displays the officeholders in Texas' top four state executive offices as of May 2024.

State executive officials in Texas, May 2024
Office	Officeholder
Governor	Greg Abbott
Lieutenant Governor	Dan Patrick
Secretary of State	Jane Nelson
Attorney General	Ken Paxton

State legislature

Texas State Senate

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	11
	Republican Party	19
	Other	0
	Vacancies	1
Total		31

Texas House of Representatives

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	64
	Republican Party	86
	Other	0
	Vacancies	0
Total		150

Trifecta control

The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.

Texas Party Control: 1992-2024
Three years of Democratic trifectas • Twenty-two years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Governor	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
House	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

District history

The section below details election results for this office in elections dating back to 2018.