United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020 (March 3 Republican primary)
- Primary date: March 3
- Primary type: Open
- Registration deadline(s): Feb. 14 (hand-delivered); Feb. 15 (postmarked); Feb. 17 (online)
- Online registration: Yes
- Same-day registration: No
- Early voting starts: N/A
- Absentee/mail voting deadline(s): March 2 (postmarked); March 3 (received)
- Voter ID: Photo ID
- Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
2026 →
← 2014
|
| U.S. Senate, Alabama |
|---|
 |
| Democratic primary Republican primary Republican primary runoff General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: November 8, 2019 |
| Primary: March 3, 2020 Primary runoff: July 14, 2020 General: November 3, 2020 Pre-election incumbent: Doug Jones (Democratic) |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Voting in Alabama |
| Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Lean Republican Sabato's Crystal Ball: Likely Republican |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2020 |
| See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th Alabama elections, 2020 U.S. Congress elections, 2020 U.S. Senate elections, 2020 U.S. House elections, 2020 |
Jeff Sessions and Tommy Tuberville advanced to a Republican primary runoff election for U.S. Senate in Alabama on March 3, 2020. Tuberville received 33.4% of the vote to Sessions' 31.6%. Bradley Byrne had received 24.9%. The runoff was held July 14, 2020. A candidate needed more than 50% of the vote to win the primary outright.
Seven candidates ran in the March 3 Republican primary. Media attention focused on five candidates: Byrne, Arnold Mooney, Roy Moore, Sessions, and Tuberville.[1][2][3] The race largely centered on claims of who was most qualified for the office and the most supportive of President Donald Trump (R).
Sessions held the seat for 20 years before the president appointed him as U.S. attorney general in 2017. Moore was the Republican nominee in the 2017 special Senate election to fill the seat after Sessions' appointment. Moore lost to Democrat Doug Jones by 1.7 percentage points.
Byrne said he worked to end corruption in the state Department of Postsecondary Education and that his record as a U.S. House member demonstrated his support for the president. Mooney described himself as a conservative outsider, referring to his record in the state House and his years in the commercial real estate business. Moore said he stood up for religious freedom on the Alabama Supreme Court and that allegations of sexual assault made against him ahead of the 2017 special election were false. Sessions said he committed to the Trump agenda as a U.S. senator and in the Department of Justice. Tuberville, a former college football coach, called himself the outsider in the race who could stand with Trump.
Just over two weeks before the primary, Byrne, Sessions, and Tuberville released several opposition ads. Byrne and Tuberville criticized Sessions for recusing himself from the investigation into Russian interference with the 2016 presidential election during his time as attorney general.[3] Sessions and Tuberville criticized Byrne for saying that Trump was not fit to be president in 2016 following the release of the Access Hollywood recording. Byrne and Sessions ads said Tuberville supported amnesty for people in the country illegally. Sessions' ads also called Tuberville a tourist in the state and featured audio of Tuberville criticizing Trump on veterans' healthcare. For more on the candidates' criticisms and responses to one another's criticisms, click here.
Also running in the primary were Stanley Adair and Ruth Page Nelson.
Jones was the first Democrat to win a Senate seat in Alabama since 1992. Roll Call named him the most vulnerable senator up for re-election in 2020.[4] Republicans held a majority in the Senate during the 116th Congress with 53 seats to Democrats' 45. Two independents caucused with Democrats. Donald Trump won Alabama by 28 percentage points in the 2016 presidential election. Click here to learn more about what's at stake in the general election.
Click on candidate names below to view their key messages:
 Byrne |
 Mooney |
 Moore |
 Sessions |
 Tuberville |
This page focuses on Alabama's United States Senate Republican primary. For more in-depth information on the state's Democratic primary and the general election, see the following pages:
- United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020
Election procedure changes in 2020
Ballotpedia provided comprehensive coverage of how election dates and procedures changed in 2020. While the majority of changes occurred as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, some changes occurred for other reasons.
Alabama modified its primary runoff election date as follows:
- Election postponements: The primary runoff election, originally scheduled for March 31, 2020, was postponed to July 14.
For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.
Candidates and election results
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Alabama
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Tommy Tuberville | 33.4 | 239,616 |
| ✔ |  | Jeff Sessions | 31.6 | 227,088 |
 | Bradley Byrne | 24.9 | 178,627 | |
 | Roy Moore | 7.2 | 51,377 | |
 | Ruth Page Nelson | 1.0 | 7,200 | |
 | Arnold Mooney | 1.0 | 7,149 | |
 | Stanley Adair | 0.9 | 6,608 | |
| Total votes: 717,665 | |||
 = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles created in one of two ways. Either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey or Ballotpedia staff created a profile after identifying the candidate as noteworthy.[5] Ballotpedia staff compiled profiles based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
U.S. House of Representatives (2014-2020), Chancellor of the Alabama Department of Postsecondary Education (2007-2009), Alabama State Senate (2002-2007), Alabama State Board of Education (1994-2002)
Biography: Byrne graduated from the University Military School and received a B.A. from Duke University. He also received a J.D. from the University of Alabama School of Law and was a lawyer in private practice. Byrne was elected to the state Board of Education as a Democrat and switched to the Republican Party in 1997. He was a Republican primary runoff candidate for governor of Alabama in 2010.
Show sources
Sources: YouTube, "Right Wrongs," December 3, 2019, YouTube, "Radio ad," December 10, 2019, WFSA, "Candidate Profile: Congressman Bradley Byrne runs for US Senate," January 16, 2020, Bradley Byrne's 2020 campaign website, "About," accessed January 29, 2020, YouTube, "Bradley Byrne | Fox and Friends | Dale," January 10, 2020, YouTube, "Fired," February 15, 2020, Facebook, "Bradley Byrne on February 28," accessed February 28, 2020; Congress.gov, "Bradley Byrne's Biography," accessed January 29, 2020, Roll Call, "6 Things to Know About Rep.-Elect Bradley Byrne," December 18, 2013
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Alabama in 2020.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: Alabama House of Representatives (Assumed office: 2014)
Biography: Mooney received a B.A. and M.A. from Samford University. He was vice president of Colonial Properties Trust from 1985 to 2012, when he became assistant broker at Southeast Commercial Partners, LLC. He chaired Mary Sue McClurkin's (R) state House campaigns and, in 2017, Rep. Mo Brooks' (R) campaign in the special Senate Republican primary.
Show sources
Sources: Arnold Mooney's 2020 campaign website, "Home," accessed January 30, 2020, YouTube, "Border on Fire," October 18, 2019, WFSA, "Candidate Profile: Mooney running for US Senate to protect 'American Values,'" January 10, 2020; Vote Smart, "Arnold Mooney II's Biography," accessed January 30, 2020, AL.com, "Mo Brooks taps state legislator to run Senate campaign," updated March 7, 2019
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Alabama in 2020.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
Chief justice, Alabama Supreme Court (2001-2003, 2013-2017); Circuit judge, Alabama's 16th Circuit (1992-2000)
Biography: Moore graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and received a J.D. from the University of Alabama School of Law. He served in the U.S. Army, where he was company commander of a military police unit in Vietnam. He also worked as a prosecuting attorney and in private practice. Moore was the Republican nominee in the 2017 special Senate election.
Show sources
Sources: Roy Moore's 2020 campaign website, "Home," accessed January 30, 2020, WFSA, "Candidate Profile: Judge Roy Moore making second Senate run," updated January 15, 2020, YouTube, "Conservative: Alabama Over Washington," November 1, 2019, YouTube, "Alabama Voters Won't Be Fooled in 2020," December 2, 2019; Vote Smart, "Roy Moore's Biography," accessed January 30, 2020
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Alabama in 2020.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
United States Attorney General (2017-2018), U.S. Senate (1997-2017), Alabama Attorney General (1994-1996), United States Attorney for the Southern District of Alabama (1981-1993)
Biography: Sessions graduated from Huntingdon College and from the University of Alabama School of Law. He practiced law from 1973 to 1975 and from 1977 to 1981. He also served in the U.S. Army Reserves for 10 years.
Show sources
Sources: YouTube, "First to Endorse," November 14, 2019, Jeff Sessions' 2020 campaign website, "Home," accessed January 29, 2020, WFSA, "Candidate Profile: Jeff Sessions wants his old job back as U.S. Senator," updated January 16, 2020, YouTube, "Won't Back Down," January 16, 2020, Fox10, "Jeff Sessions talks campaign & impeachment trial on stop in Mobile," updated January 27, 2020, YouTube, "Desperate Attacks," February 18, 2020; Congress.gov, "Jeffrey Beauregard Sessions III's Biography," accessed January 29, 2020
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Alabama in 2020.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Biography: Tuberville graduated from Southern Arkansas University. He was head coach for several college football teams between 1995 and 2016, including at Auburn University and the University of Cincinnati. He retired in 2016, when he became a member of ESPN's broadcast staff.
Show sources
Sources: YouTube, "A Career Politician's Worst Nightmare," January 26, 2020, WFSA, "Candidate Profile: Former Auburn football coach running for U.S. Senate," January 21, 2020, YouTube, "Coach," November 22, 2019, Tommy Tuberville's 2020 campaign website, "Issues," accessed January 30, 2020, YouTube, "Taking on the DC Swamp," November 7, 2019, Tuscaloosa News, "Tuberville stumps in Tuscaloosa for Senate run," February 10, 2020, Alabama Political Reporter, "Sessions responds to negative attacks from Tuberville, Byrne," February 18, 2020, YouTube, "Tough Enough," February 18, 2020; Tommy Tuberville's 2020 campaign website, "About," accessed January 30, 2020
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Alabama in 2020.
Noteworthy primary endorsements
This section includes noteworthy endorsements issued in the primary, added as we learn about them. Click here to read how we define noteworthy primary endorsements. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.
| Republican primary endorsements | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endorsement | Byrne | Mooney | Moore | Sessions | Tuberville | |
| Elected officials | ||||||
| U.S. Sen. Richard Shelby (R-Ala.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Pat Roberts (R-Kan.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Mike Enzi (R-Wyo.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Mike Crapo (R-Idaho)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Johnny Isakson (R-Ga.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. John Barrasso (R-Wyo.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Roy Blunt (R-Mo.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. John Boozman (R-Ark.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson (R-Wis.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Deb Fischer (R-Neb.)[6] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Mike Lee (R-Utah)[7] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Jim DeMint (R-S.C.)[8] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.)[8] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Liz Cheney (R-Wyo.)[9] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Mo Brooks (R-Ala.)[8] | ✔ | |||||
| Individuals | ||||||
| Economist/Club for Growth co-founder Stephen Moore[10] | ✔ | |||||
| Organizations | ||||||
| Senate Conservatives Fund[8] | ✔ | |||||
| Protect Freedom PAC[11] | ✔ | |||||
| Family Research Council Action PAC[12] | ✔ | |||||
| National Immigration and Customs Enforcement Council[13] | ✔ | |||||
Campaign themes
- See also: Campaign themes
Campaign themes from candidate websites were available for the following candidates as of February 24, 2020.
Bradley Byrne
| “ |
Immigration We are a nation of laws and our very sovereignty is being threatened by unstopped illegal immigration. I support President Trump and will fight to give our law enforcement officials the tools and resources they need to fight illegal immigration. We must deploy the national guard, and use any means necessary to stop the rampant caravans of illegals that are heading to the Mexican border. Border security is national security, and I am committed to working with President Trump to build the wall, secure our borders, and put America first. The Constitution I swore an oath to uphold and defend the Constitution and that oath will guide me to fight for our shared conservative values in the U.S. Senate. It is a bedrock document that protects our freedom, guarantees our liberty and defends us from tyranny. We saw what can happen when people like Barack Obama overreach and when Congress abdicates its responsibility as a co-equal branch. In the Senate I’ll never forget my duty. 100% Pro-Gun and NRA Rated "A" I am proud to say I have a lifetime “A” rating from the NRA and have humbly accepted their endorsement many times before. As a gun owner and hunter, I will do everything in my power to protect our Second Amendment right to bear arms. We must resist efforts by Liberal Democrats to ban firearms and oppose unconstitutional “Gun registries” that are nothing more than a big-government power grab. National Defense Building on President Reagan’s principle of “peace through strength,” I support a strong and fully capable U.S. military. Alabama has a proud tradition of supporting our nation’s military. From Redstone Arsenal to Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base to Fort Rucker, I will always fight to make sure Alabama leads our country in ensuring a world-class military that can defend our nation from any threat. I will always fight for our warfighters and patriots throughout Alabama who work tirelessly to build and produce first-class ships, tanks, missiles, and military equipment. Cut Spending Washington has a spending problem, which is why I have introduced a Balanced Budget Amendment to the Constitution. Families and small businesses in Alabama must live within their means, and the federal government should play by the same rules. By focusing on eliminating wasteful government programs and agencies, we can rein in spending and leave behind a more prosperous future for our children and grandchildren unburdened by crushing debt. Veterans Every day, another son or daughter goes into harm’s way to protect our freedoms and defend our values. When they come home, we must honor their service. Far too many Alabama veterans receive inadequate care in the VA system, and that has to stop. We must hold the VA accountable and demand better care for our veterans. I also support giving veterans the right to access private medical care in their local community, so they do not get stuck in a broken VA system. Healthcare I want every Alabama family to have access to affordable, high-quality health care. To do this, I support repealing Obamacare and replacing it with a free-market approach that doesn’t put the government between a patient and their doctor. I’m also working with President Trump to lower the cost of prescription drugs, especially for Alabama’s seniors. Education Education has always been a passion of mine, and I want Alabama’s students to receive the best education possible. To do that, I’ve fought to leave education decisions in the hands of local and state officials who know our students best. I am strongly opposed to the federal government telling teachers and parents how to educate our students in Alabama. Rural Communities Rural communities are the lifeblood of Alabama, and it is a priority of mine to help revitalize rural Alabama. Whether it is supporting Alabama’s farmers and landowners, pushing for rural broadband, or fighting to save rural hospitals, I will never forget about the needs and concerns of Alabama’s rural communities. 100% Pro-Life My faith in Christ is my foundation, and I believe that every child is made in God’s image. As the father of four children, I’ll always cherish the moment I held each one in my arms. It’s simply disgusting that some Democrats are pushing to make it easier to murder defenseless, unborn children, and that Senate Democrats blocked legislation to end late-term abortions and protect babies born alive from abortion. I’ve always made it my priority to support pro-life policies, and I’ve worked tirelessly to defund abortion organizations like Planned Parenthood. Every life is precious, and I will never stop fighting for the unborn. Less Government, More Jobs Alabama’s economy is strongest when taxes are low, government gets out of the way, and our workers are allowed to do their job. Our state’s economy has made major strides in the last decade thanks to conservative, pro-growth policies, and the leadership of President Trump, but we cannot stop now. Through a smaller government and lower taxes, we’ll create thousands more good-paying jobs in Alabama. Government Accountability and Ethics Government should work for the people, and not the other way around. We need a government that is accountable to the people and public servants who serve the public instead of themselves. I’ve fought government corruption first hand and helped put corrupt government bureaucrats in jail. And I have introduced a Constitutional amendment to impose term limits in an effort to ensure we keep fresh blood in the halls of Congress.[14] |
” |
| —Bradley Byrne's campaign website (2020)[15] | ||
Arnold Mooney
| “ |
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM America was founded on the principles of religious freedom, but today religious freedom is under siege. Democrat presidential candidates campaign on removing the tax exempt status for churches based on their religious beliefs. Liberal media outlets and radical Leftists manufacture outrage to marginalize and create controversy around mainstream religious beliefs and values. Courts and state and local governments are threatening fines and imprisonment if Americans refuse to violate their conscience or beliefs. As a U.S. Senator, I would use the platform to defend religious freedom and protect churches from assault by rogue judges, the LGBT movement, or anyone who tries to marginalize our First Amendment rights. IMMIGRATION & BORDER SECURITY There has been a fundamental failure to connect the dots of the wholly negative impact that rampant and unchecked illegal immigration has on the American people, the health of our society, and the rule of law. Our existing immigration laws are either not being enforced or are being interpreted so liberally that it mitigates the entire point of such laws. I will go to war with anyone - Republican or Democrat - who dares sell out Alabama workers for cheap illegal labor on the backs of broken economic promises, who dares endanger Alabama families for open borders in the false name of compassion, and who dares suggest that support for a secure border and safe communities is anything other than an act of patriotism and love for one’s family and neighbors. GUN RIGHTS I strongly believe in the 2nd Amendment and its constitutional guarantee for Americans right to keep and bear arms. Period. The right to protect oneself and family is a God given right. The Second Amendment is not up for debate or discussion. Our nation has been wracked by the evil acts of individuals and the progressive Left has gone all in on effectively repealing the Second Amendment and destroying constitutional due process rights. STANDING UP TO CHINA Access to relatively deregulated foreign markets is critical for our economy, our farmers, and our businesses. However, hostile nations like communist China have long manipulated our desire to see the free flow and exchange of goods and services as a means of growing their influence and exporting their authoritarian philosophy. The steady stream of American businesses bending a knee to communist China in the name of money - and access to what they believe is a growing market - is eroding our institutions, undermining our values, and pitting American companies against the American people. SPENDING The federal government continues to bury future generations of Americans further into debt. Without an immediate and sustained effort to reverse the trend, Americans will suffer dire consequences. The United States is rapidly approaching $24 trillion in national debt, a figure that doesn’t even include unfunded liabilities in excess of $100 trillion. Reigning in the national debt is one of my top priorities. FREE MARKET HEALTHCARE Our healthcare is a vital area of concern to all Alabamians and we have suffered with onerous and harmful federal intervention. We have just begun to see the catastrophic impact of Obamacare. Healthcare cannot be micromanaged at the national level. Obamacare must be repealed and entitlement programs like Medicaid reformed, not expanded. Healthcare reforms should be patient-doctor relationship centered. Healthcare freedom is the only answer to address increasingly high costs, narrowing access, and diminishing quality of care. What is healthcare freedom? It is a patient centered system wherein patients and physicians directly interface, free from federal interference and third-party bureaucrats (government or insurance) distorting costs and inhibiting patient choice. PRO LIFE & PRO FAMILY Life is precious and begins at conception. The unborn cannot speak for themselves, and I strongly believe that as a society we are judged by how we protect those who are the most vulnerable. There is no group more vulnerable than the unborn. Watching my children experience the miracle of life with their growing families has only further cemented my unwavering belief in safe guarding the unborn’s right to life. Marriage is the union of one man and one woman. Marriage is the foundation of a strong family. Families are the most basic building block to a strong, vibrant community and society. The foundation of marriage should be strengthened and respected, not redefined.[14] |
” |
| —Arnold Mooney's campaign website (2020)[16] | ||
Tommy Tuberville
| “ |
SERVING THOSE WHO SERVED Changing The Way We Treat Our Veterans My father was a highly decorated WWII veteran and Purple Heart recipient, and that is why I am so passionate about changing the way our nation treats its Veterans. President Trump is off to a good start – Veteran unemployment is at its lowest point in history: 2.3%. But we can and must do more to help our Veterans re-enter the workforce and society. We must provide them with high-quality care and job training, and ensure that those who need it get the psychological care and attention they need to deal with the issues they face being back home. CORE VALUES Tommy Believes the First Duty of Government Is to Protect Our Individual Liberty I am running for the United States Senate because I believe liberals in Washington are out-of-control. I believe the first duty of government is to protect our individual liberty. I will be a leader in Washington fighting for smaller government, less taxes, and our national sovereignty. I am running to defend the Constitution, and I understand that the freedoms we enjoy must be protected and preserved for future generations. As a father and husband, I understand that decisions made in Washington have an immediate impact on families and shape the world we will leave to our children. I understand the profound blessing it is to be a citizen of the United States, and I will be responsible to help conserve that blessing for future generations. IMPROVING EDUCATION The Federal Government Is Not the Solution to Improving Our Nation’s Education System The best and most viable solutions come from the local level where parents, students, and local administrators can collaborate and work towards success together. And I believe that school choice, charter schools, and improving our existing public schools are all things that need to be a part of the education mix for Alabama children. ECONOMY Lower Taxes and Less Spending Thankfully we have a President who thinks like we do: lower taxes create jobs and less spending reduces the size and scope of the federal government. After eight long years of a declining economy, we are now seeing record job growth across the board and the lowest unemployment rates for Veterans and African-Americans in history. President Trump’s tax cuts and economic policies have driven this success – and I will join in the fight and support our President as we continue to grow our economy. IMMIGRATION & BORDER SECURITY It’s Simple — A Secure Border Means a More Secure Nation We must first secure our border as we attempt real immigration reforms that will impact our nation for decades to come. I fully support President Trump’s plan to build a wall and make our nation more secure. And I will make sure our border patrol, detention centers, and law enforcement officers along and near the border have the resources they need to fight the scourge of illegal immigration that brings drugs, terrorists, and criminals into our country on a daily basis. NATIONAL SECURITY The First Role of Government Is to Protect Citizens The first role of our government is to protect its citizens and that is why I will support a strong and robust military. I know we must provide our Armed Forces with the tools and resources they need to protect Americans at home and abroad. Alabamians are proud and we stand with our military and our Veterans who have given so much for our nation. PROTECTING LIFE Stand for the Right to Life A Christian conservative, I will always stand up for those who can’t do so on their own. I will fight to protect the sanctity of every human life because future generations may very well look back at the current wave of infanticide sweeping across our nation as this generation’s holocaust. GUN RIGHTS Defending The Second Amendment While we are fighting out-of-touch liberals to protect life and liberty, we must also stand up for the time-honored traditions we hold dear in Alabama. Being a sportsman has always been a part of my life. That is why I will always vote to protect and preserve our Second Amendment rights. INVESTIGATE THE INVESTIGATORS Tommy Will Stand With President Trump If I was in U.S. Senate today, I would be calling for a full and thorough investigation into the now-disproved Russian collusion probe of the 2016 elections. I believe that this witch-hunt was a political stunt to try and call into question President Trump’s legitimacy. I will stand with President Trump and fight any attempt to discredit his Presidency. HEALTHCARE Reforming A Broken Healthcare System Obamacare must go. This failed experiment has led to higher costs, less quality care, and a system that hurts patients and doctors more than it helps. I believe that we need a return to the free-market where companies compete for your business, while ensuring that pre-existing conditions are not a deterrent to obtaining quality insurance and care.[14] |
” |
| —Tommy Tuberville's campaign website (2020)[17] | ||
Campaign advertisements
This section shows advertisements released in this race. Ads released by campaigns and, if applicable, satellite groups are embedded or linked below. If you are aware of advertisements that should be included, please email us.
Bradley Byrne
Supporting Byrne
|
|
|
|
|
|
A sample ad from the candidate's Facebook page is embedded below. Click here to see the candidate's Facebook Video page.
Opposing Sessions and Tuberville
|
|
Arnold Mooney
|
|
Roy Moore
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeff Sessions
Supporting Sessions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Opposing Byrne and Tuberville
|
|
|
|
Tommy Tuberville
Supporting Tuberville
|
|
|
|
Opposing Byrne and Sessions
|
|
|
Satellite group ads
| Click "show" to the right to see satellite group ads. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Supporting Byrne
Opposing Byrne
Supporting Byrne, opposing Tuberville
Opposing Byrne and Sessions, supporting Tuberville
| |||||||||||
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
| U.S. Senate Republican primary in Alabama, 2020 election polls | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date |  Adair
|
Byrne
|
Mooney
|
Moore
|
Nelson
|
Sessions
|
Tuberville
|
Other | Undecided | Margin of error | Sample size | Sponsor |
| WT&S Consulting | Feb. 9-10, 2020 | -- | 22% | 3% | 7% | -- | 32% | 30% | -- | 7% | +/-3.3 | 1,048 | N/A |
| Mason-Dixon Polling and Strategy | Feb. 4-6, 2020 | -- | 17% | -- | 5% | -- | 31% | 29% | 2% | 16% | +/-5 | 400 | Alabama Daily News |
| OnMessage Inc. | Jan. 13-15, 2020 | -- | 22% | -- | 8% | -- | 43% | 21% | 1% | 6% | +/-3.7 | 700 | Sessions campaign |
| OnMessage Inc. | Dec. 3-5, 2019 | 0% | 14% | 1% | 7% | 1% | 44% | 21% | -- | 12% | +/-3.7 | 700 | Sessions campaign |
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[18] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[19] The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stanley Adair | Republican Party | $287,948 | $287,137 | $821 | As of March 19, 2020 |
| Bradley Byrne | Republican Party | $3,539,485 | $3,525,128 | $14,357 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Arnold Mooney | Republican Party | $966,780 | $963,059 | $3,721 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Roy Moore | Republican Party | $189,665 | $189,665 | $0 | As of June 30, 2020 |
| Ruth Page Nelson | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Jeff Sessions | Republican Party | $2,535,574 | $5,359,763 | $0 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Tommy Tuberville | Republican Party | $9,605,815 | $9,432,335 | $173,480 | As of December 31, 2020 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2020. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[20][21][22]
This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.
- Fighting for Alabama Fund, Inc. spent $351,475 between January 27 and 31 on a TV ad supporting Byrne.[24]
- Senate Conservatives Fund spent $219,062 from May 2019 through January 15, 2020, on digital ads, direct mail, and more in support of Mooney.[25]
Primaries in Alabama
A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Alabama uses an open primary system, in which registered voters do not have to be members of a party to vote in that party's primary.[26][27][28]
For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.
Runoff elections in Alabama
In Alabama, a primary election candidate for congressional, state, or county office must receive a majority of the vote (more than 50%) to be declared the winner. If no candidate wins the requisite majority, a runoff election is held between the top two vote-getters.[29]
As of 2020, the Alabama Secretary of State office stated that "if you vote in a primary election and want to vote in a primary runoff election, you must vote in the primary runoff election of the same political party that you chose in the primary election. However, if you did not vote in a political party's primary election and would like to vote in the primary runoff election, you may choose which political party's primary runoff election you would like to vote in."[30]
Campaign tactics and strategies
Just over two weeks before the primary, Byrne, Sessions, and Tuberville released several opposition ads against one another.
Byrne and Tuberville criticized Sessions for recusing himself from the investigation into Russian interference with the 2016 presidential election during his time as attorney general.[3] Sessions said of his recusal that "there are regulations in the Department of Justice. I was a part of the [Trump] campaign. ... [I]f the attorney general doesn’t follow the rules, how can he expect anybody else to follow the rules?"[31] Sessions emphasized that he was the first senator to endorse Trump's 2016 presidential bid.
Sessions and Tuberville criticized Byrne for saying that Trump was not fit to be president in 2016 following the release of the Access Hollywood recording in which Trump made comments about grabbing women. Byrne has since said of his 2016 remarks, "I screwed up."[32] He said he had a 97% pro-Trump voting record.
Byrne and Sessions ads said Tuberville supported amnesty for people in the country illegally. Tuberville said in response to the claim, "There is no pathway to citizenship if you come here illegally."[33] Sessions' ads also said Tuberville lives in Florida and featured audio of Tuberville from August 2019 saying he was "pissed off at Donald Trump that our vets can't get healthcare." Tuberville said he lives in Alabama.[34] After making the remark about veterans healthcare, Tuberville said, "I think [Trump]’s had to fight every battle by himself. He can’t get to all of them because nobody is helping him."[35]
Debates and forums
Know of a debate or forum we're missing? Email us.
February 20, 2020
Adair, Byrne, Mooney, and Moore participated in a debate hosted by WVTM 13.
View a video of the debate here.
January 21, 2020
Byrne, Mooney, Moore, and Tuberville participated in a candidate forum hosted by the Republican Women of Huntsville.
View a video of the forum here.
What's at stake in the general election?
Incumbent Doug Jones was the first Democrat to win a Senate seat in Alabama since 1992. In November 2019, Roll Call listed him as the most vulnerable senator up for re-election in 2020.[4] Donald Trump won Alabama by 28 percentage points in the 2016 presidential election. Jones won the 2017 Senate election by 1.7 percentage points. Roy Moore, who was the Republican nominee in the special election, was accused of sexual assault ahead of the election. Moore denied the allegations. Click here to learn more.
U.S. Senate elections were held on November 3, 2020, and coincide with the 2020 presidential election. Thirty-three of the Senate's 100 seats were up for regular election in November. There were also two special elections in 2020. The results determined control of the U.S. Senate in the 117th Congress.
At the time of the election, the Republican Party had a 53-seat Senate majority, while Democrats had 45 seats. There were also two independents who caucus with the Democratic Party. Republicans faced greater partisan risk than Democrats in 2020 because they were defending 23 seats compared to 12 for the Democrats. Both parties had two incumbents representing states the opposite party's presidential nominee won in 2016.
In 2018, Democrats and Democratic-caucusing independents defended 26 of the 35 seats up for election, while Republicans defended the other nine. Republicans won 11 seats to the Democrats' 24, for a GOP net gain of two.
In the 24 previous Senate elections that coincided with a presidential election, the president's party had gained Senate seats in 16 elections and lost seats in nine. In years where the president's party gained seats, the average gain was three seats. In years where the president's party lost seats, the average loss was five seats. Click here for more information on presidential partisanship and down-ballot outcomes.
General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[36]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[37][38][39]
| Race ratings: U.S. Senate election in Alabama, 2020 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 3, 2020 | October 27, 2020 | October 20, 2020 | October 13, 2020 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every week throughout the election season. | |||||||||
Election history
The tabs below show U.S. Senate election results in Alabama back to 1986.
2017
General election (December 12, 2017)
| U.S. Senate, Alabama general election, December 12, 2017 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democrat |  Doug Jones |
50% | 673,896 | |
| Republican | Roy Moore | 48.3% | 651,972 | |
| Independent | Write-in | 1.7% | 22,852 | |
| Total Votes | 1,348,720 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
Republican primary runoff (September 26, 2017)
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican primary runoff, September 26, 2017 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Roy Moore |
54.6% | 262,641 | |
| Republican | Luther Strange | 45.4% | 218,505 | |
| Total Votes | 481,146 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
Democratic primary (August 15, 2017)
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic primary, August 15, 2017 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democrat | Doug Jones |
66.1% | 109,105 | |
| Democrat | Robert Kennedy | 17.7% | 29,215 | |
| Democrat | Michael Hansen | 6.7% | 11,105 | |
| Democrat | Will Boyd | 4.9% | 8,010 | |
| Democrat | Jason Fisher | 2.1% | 3,478 | |
| Democrat | Brian McGee | 0.9% | 1,450 | |
| Democrat | Charles Nana | 0.9% | 1,404 | |
| Democrat | Vann Caldwell | 0.8% | 1,239 | |
| Total Votes | 165,006 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
Republican primary (August 15, 2017)
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican primary, August 15, 2017 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Roy Moore |
38.9% | 164,524 | |
| Republican | Luther Strange |
32.8% | 138,971 | |
| Republican | Mo Brooks | 19.7% | 83,287 | |
| Republican | Trip Pittman | 6.9% | 29,124 | |
| Republican | Randy Brinson | 0.6% | 2,621 | |
| Republican | Bryan Peeples | 0.4% | 1,579 | |
| Republican | Mary Maxwell | 0.4% | 1,543 | |
| Republican | James Beretta | 0.3% | 1,078 | |
| Republican | Dom Gentile | 0.1% | 303 | |
| Republican | Joseph Breault | 0.1% | 252 | |
| Total Votes | 423,282 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State | ||||
2016
General election
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Richard Shelby (Incumbent) |
64% | 1,335,104 | |
| Democratic | Ron Crumpton | 35.9% | 748,709 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.2% | 3,631 | |
| Total Votes | 2,087,444 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
Democratic primary
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ron Crumpton |
56.1% | 153,897 | ||
| Charles Nana | 43.9% | 120,526 | ||
| Total Votes | 274,423 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State |
||||
Republican primary
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Richard Shelby Incumbent |
64.9% | 505,586 | ||
| Jonathan McConnell | 27.6% | 214,770 | ||
| John Martin | 3% | 23,558 | ||
| Marcus Bowman | 2.5% | 19,707 | ||
| Shadrack McGill | 2% | 15,230 | ||
| Total Votes | 778,851 | |||
| Source: Alabama Secretary of State |
||||
2014
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jeff Sessions (Incumbent) |
97.3% | 795,606 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 2.7% | 22,484 | |
| Total Votes | 818,090 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
2010
General election
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 2010 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Richard Shelby (Incumbent) |
65.2% | 968,181 | |
| Democratic | William G. Barnes | 34.7% | 515,619 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 1,699 | |
| Total Votes | 1,485,499 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
Democratic primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Election, 2010 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | William G. Barnes |
60.8% | 160,993 | |
| Democratic | Simone D. De Moore | 39.2% | 103,942 | |
| Total Votes | 264,935 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
Republican primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican Primary Election, 2010 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Richard Shelby (Incumbent) |
84.4% | 405,398 | |
| Republican | N.C. Moser | 15.6% | 75,190 | |
| Total Votes | 480,588 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
2008
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions (Incumbent) |
63.4% | 1,305,383 | |
| Democratic | Vivian Figures | 36.5% | 752,391 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 2,417 | |
| Total Votes | 2,060,191 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
Democratic primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Election, 2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Vivian Figures |
63.7% | 112,074 | |
| Democratic | Johnny Swanson III | 22% | 38,757 | |
| Democratic | Mark Townsend | 14.2% | 25,058 | |
| Total Votes | 175,889 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
Republican primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican Primary Election, 2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions (Incumbent) |
92.3% | 199,690 | |
| Republican | Earl Mack Gavin | 7.7% | 16,718 | |
| Total Votes | 216,408 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
2004
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 2004 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Richard Shelby (Incumbent) |
67.5% | 1,242,200 | |
| Democratic | Wayne Sowell | 32.4% | 595,018 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 1,848 | |
| Total Votes | 1,839,066 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
Democratic and Republican primaries
Both Richard Shelby and Wayne Sowell were unopposed on their respective party's primary ballots.[40]
2002
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 2002 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions (Incumbent) |
58.6% | 792,561 | |
| Democratic | Susan Parker | 39.8% | 538,878 | |
| Libertarian | Jeff Allen | 1.5% | 20,234 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 1,350 | |
| Total Votes | 1,353,023 | |||
| Source: U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Clerk, "Election Statistics," accessed August 28, 2017 | ||||
Democratic runoff
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Runoff Election, 2002 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Susan Parker |
65.1% | 176,582 | |
| Democratic | Julian McPhillips | 34.9% | 94,614 | |
| Total Votes | 271,196 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
Democratic primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Election, 2002 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Susan Parker |
48% | 190,978 | |
| Democratic | Julian McPhillips | 42.8% | 170,222 | |
| Democratic | Wayne Sowell | 9.2% | 36,719 | |
| Total Votes | 397,919 | |||
| Source: Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017 | ||||
Republican primary
Jeff Sessions was the only Republican to file for this race.[40]
1998
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 1998 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Richard Shelby (Incumbent) |
63.2% | 817,973 | |
| Democratic | Clayton Suddith | 36.7% | 474,568 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 864 | |
| Total Votes | 1,293,405 | |||
Primaries
No Democratic or Republican primary was necessary because Shelby and Suddith were the only two candidates who filed to run in the race.[40]
1996
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 1996 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions |
52.8% | 786,436 | |
| Democratic | Roger Beford | 45.7% | 681,651 | |
| Libertarian | Mark Thornton | 1.4% | 21,550 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0% | 633 | |
| Total Votes | 1,490,270 | |||
Democratic primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Election, 1996 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Roger Bedford |
44.8% | 141,360 | |
| Democratic | Glenn Browder | 28.9% | 91,203 | |
| Democratic | Natalie Davis | 22.7% | 71,588 | |
| Democratic | Marilyn Quarles Bromberg | 3.7% | 11,573 | |
| Total Votes | 315,724 | |||
Republican runoff
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican Primary Runoff Election, 1996 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions |
59.3% | 81,622 | |
| Republican | Sid McDonald | 40.7% | 56,131 | |
| Total Votes | 137,753 | |||
Republican primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican Primary Election, 1996 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeff Sessions |
37.5% | 80,694 | |
| Republican | Sid McDonald | 22% | 47,200 | |
| Republican | Charles Woods | 11.1% | 23,793 | |
| Republican | Frank McRight | 10.2% | 21,818 | |
| Republican | Walter D. Clark | 8.6% | 18,513 | |
| Republican | Jimmy Blake | 7.1% | 15,305 | |
| Republican | Albert Lipscomb | 3.5% | 7,600 | |
| Total Votes | 214,923 | |||
1992
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 1992 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Richard Shelby |
64.8% | 1,022,698 | |
| Republican | Richard Sellers | 33.1% | 522,015 | |
| Libertarian | Jerome Shockley | 2% | 31,811 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 1,275 | |
| Total Votes | 1,577,799 | |||
Democratic and Republican primaries
No primaries for either party were held due to lack of opposition.[40]
1990
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 1990 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Howell Heflin |
60.6% | 717,814 | |
| Republican | William J. Cabaniss | 39.4% | 467,190 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0% | 150 | |
| Total Votes | 1,185,154 | |||
Democratic and Republican primaries
No primaries for either party were held due to lack of opposition.[40]
1986
General results
| U.S. Senate, Alabama General Election, 1986 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Richard Shelby |
50.3% | 609,360 | |
| Republican | Jeremiah Denton (Incumbent) | 49.7% | 602,537 | |
| Total Votes | 1,211,897 | |||
Democratic primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Democratic Primary Election, 1986 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Richard Shelby |
51.3% | 420,155 | |
| Democratic | Jim Allen, Jr. | 34.7% | 284,206 | |
| Democratic | Ted McLaughlin | 8.6% | 70,784 | |
| Democratic | Margaret E. Stewart | 3.3% | 26,723 | |
| Democratic | Steve Arnold | 2% | 16,722 | |
| Total Votes | 818,590 | |||
Republican primary
| U.S. Senate, Alabama Republican Primary Election, 1986 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Jeremiah Denton (Incumbent) |
88.5% | 29,805 | |
| Republican | Richard Vickers | 11.5% | 3,854 | |
| Total Votes | 33,659 | |||
See also
- United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Alabama, 2020
- United States Senate Democratic Party primaries, 2020
- United States Senate Republican Party primaries, 2020
- United States Senate elections, 2020
- U.S. Senate battlegrounds, 2020
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ AL.com, "Alabama Senate race: Intriguing theater or snoozer sequel?" January 8, 2020
- ↑ Alabama Daily News, "Senate polls shows Jones trailing Tuberville, Sessions, Byrne," December 23, 2019
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 CNBC, "Former Attorney General Jeff Sessions plans to run for his old Senate seat in Alabama despite Trump criticism," updated November 7, 2019
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Roll Call, "The 10 most vulnerable senators in 2020: Republicans play defense," November 4, 2019
- ↑ Candidate Connection surveys completed before September 26, 2019, were not used to generate candidate profiles. In battleground primaries, Ballotpedia based its selection of noteworthy candidates on polling, fundraising, and noteworthy endorsements. In battleground general elections, all major party candidates and any other candidates with the potential to impact the outcome of the race were included.
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 The Hill, "Eleven GOP senators sign open letter backing Sessions's comeback bid," November 8, 2019
- ↑ Twitter, "Mike Lee on May 22, 2019," accessed January 24, 2020
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Yellow Hammer, "Rand Paul endorses Arnold Mooney for Senate — ‘True freedom-loving conservative,’" October 31, 2019
- ↑ Twitter, "Liz Cheney on February 26, 2020," accessed February 27, 2020
- ↑ Yellow Hammer News, "Trump tax cuts architect: Trump probably would not be president without Jeff Sessions," accessed February 24, 2020
- ↑ Protect Freedom PAC, "Protect Freedom PAC Endorses Arnold Mooney for Senate in Alabama," November 1, 2019
- ↑ Jeff Sessions' 2020 campaign website, "FRCA PAC Endorsement Jeff Sessions," February 19, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Jeff Sessions on March 1, 2020," accessed March 2, 2020
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Bradley Byrne’s campaign website, "Issues," accessed January 24, 2020
- ↑ Arnold Mooney's campaign website, "Issues," accessed January 24, 2020
- ↑ Tommy Tuberville's campaign website, "Issues," accessed January 24, 2020
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Independent Expenditures: Club for Growth Action," accessed February 2, 2020
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Independent Expenditures: Fighting for Alabama Fund," accessed February 4, 2020
- ↑ Federal Elections Commission, "Independent Expenditures: Senate Conservatives Fund, Arnold Mooney," accessed February 4, 2020
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed July 22, 2024
- ↑ Justia, "Alabama Code § 17-13-1," accessed July 22, 2024
- ↑ Justia, "Alabama Code § 17-3-30," accessed July 22, 2024
- ↑ Code of Alabama, "Section 17-13-18," accessed July 10, 2020
- ↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "FAQs," accessed July 10, 2020
- ↑ The Washington Post Magazine, "Will Alabama Take Jeff Sessions Back?" February 6, 2020
- ↑ New York Times, "How Alabama’s Senate Primary Became a Trump Loyalty Contest," February 10, 2020
- ↑ Yellow Hammer News, "Tuberville denies being an ‘amnesty’ advocate — ‘No pathway to citizenship if you come here illegally,’" February 16, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Tommy Tuberville on February 26, 2020," accessed February 27, 2020
- ↑ The Hill, "GOP Senate candidate 'pissed off' at Trump over health care for veterans," August 5, 2019
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 Federal Election Commission, "Election Results," accessed August 29, 2017
