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United States Senate election in Delaware, 2018
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Delaware
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Tom Carper (D) | 60.0 | 217,385 |
![]() | Robert Arlett (R) ![]() | 37.8 | 137,127 | |
![]() | Demitri Theodoropoulos (G) | 1.2 | 4,170 | |
![]() | Nadine Frost (L) | 1.1 | 3,910 |
Total votes: 362,592 (100.00% precincts reporting) | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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- General election: Nov. 6
- Voter registration deadline: Oct. 13
- Early voting: N/A
- Absentee voting deadline: Nov. 6
- Online registration: Yes
- Same-day registration: No
- Voter ID: Non-photo ID requested
- Poll times: 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.
2020 →
← 2014
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U.S. Senate, Delaware |
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Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
Election details |
Filing deadline: July 10, 2018 |
Primary: September 6, 2018 General: November 6, 2018 Pre-election incumbent: Tom Carper (Democrat) |
How to vote |
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Voting in Delaware |
Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic |
Ballotpedia analysis |
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2018 |
See also |
U.S. Senate • At-large Delaware elections, 2018 U.S. Congress elections, 2018 U.S. Senate elections, 2018 U.S. House elections, 2018 |
Voters in Delaware elected one member to the U.S. Senate in the election on November 6, 2018.
The election filled the Class 1 Senate seat held by Tom Carper (D). He was first elected in 2000.
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Delaware
Incumbent Tom Carper defeated Robert Arlett, Demitri Theodoropoulos, and Nadine Frost in the general election for U.S. Senate Delaware on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Tom Carper (D) | 60.0 | 217,385 |
![]() | Robert Arlett (R) ![]() | 37.8 | 137,127 | |
![]() | Demitri Theodoropoulos (G) | 1.2 | 4,170 | |
![]() | Nadine Frost (L) | 1.1 | 3,910 |
Total votes: 362,592 (100.00% precincts reporting) | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. |
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Delaware
Incumbent Tom Carper defeated Kerri Evelyn Harris in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Delaware on September 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Tom Carper | 64.6 | 53,635 |
Kerri Evelyn Harris | 35.4 | 29,407 |
Total votes: 83,042 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Tykiem Booker (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Delaware
Robert Arlett defeated Gene Truono and Roque De La Fuente in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Delaware on September 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Robert Arlett ![]() | 66.8 | 25,284 |
![]() | Gene Truono | 28.0 | 10,588 | |
![]() | Roque De La Fuente | 5.3 | 1,998 |
Total votes: 37,870 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Chuck Boyce (R)
Campaign themes
Tom Carper
The following campaign themes were taken from Carper's campaign website.
“ |
Making health care more affordable When the Affordable Care Act (ACA) became law of the land, millions of American families gained health insurance, many for the first time in their lives. In addition to expanding coverage, the ACA made great strides in transforming our country’s network of doctors, hospitals and clinics from a “sick care” system to a “health care” system, helping hospitals and doctors coordinate care for their patients and deliver better, healthier outcomes. Helping to pass the ACA was one of my proudest achievements as a senator, but just like Medicare before it, we didn’t get everything right the first time and we need to make it better. We should be working together, Republican and Democrat alike, to continue to improve our health care system and reduce out-of-pocket costs for consumers. Creating jobs and growing the economy We need to invest in a world-class workforce by making our schools second to none. We need to facilitate commerce with a bold infrastructure plan that would rebuild and maintain our roads, highways, bridges and transit systems, while making key investments that reduce congestion and make it easier for goods and people to travel across this great land. We need to pursue every opportunity to export American goods by breaking down trade barriers and helping our farmers and manufacturers reach new markets across the globe. And we need to reform our tax code to spark innovation and encourage businesses to expand and create good-paying jobs here in the United States. If we do these things, we will see fortunes rise and communities thrive in every corner of our country. Fighting for clean air and clean water for every American I’ve long said we don’t have to choose between strong environmental protections and jobs. Moving our country toward a clean energy future goes hand in hand with job creation. By encouraging companies to reduce their carbon footprint and invest in green technology, we can harness American innovation, lead the world in developing new clean energy technologies and create the clean-energy manufacturing jobs of the future. I believe that the reality of climate change is undeniable. From our coastal communities dealing with rising sea levels to our rural communities faced with more unpredictable growing seasons, the threat of climate change is real and growing. I believe we need to take action on a global scale to curb the human contribution to climate change. Holding Washington accountable More than ever, it’s critical that Congress shines sunlight on the inner workings of our executive branch. I believe that the business of the President of the United States is the business of the people of the United States. That’s why I’ve raised a number of concerns about the lack of transparency, questionable ethics and potential for conflicts of interest within the Trump administration. Our democracy hinges on public trust in our political institutions, and that trust is eroding. Conducting rigorous oversight is key to restoring public trust in American democracy and holding Washington accountable to taxpayers.[1] |
” |
—Tom Carper's campaign website (2018)[2] |
Robert Arlett
Arlett’s campaign website stated the following:
“ |
Economy, Jobs, & Trade Delaware families want good paying jobs, safe communities and a fair shot at the American dream. Rob understands that the best economic program is the dignity of work and a paycheck. As a business owner and leader, Rob has a proven track record of creating jobs and helping Delaware families. As your Senator in Washington:
Health Care Delaware families deserve high-quality, affordable health care. Rob understands the Affordable Care Act was not the answer to allowing Delawareans the ability to afford quality health care.
Education As a father of two adult children, Rob understands that quality education is paramount to a student’s future success. As your next Senator, Rob will go to Washington to protect parental rights in their children’s education, and ensure every child has quality, affordable education regardless of their zip code. Rob understands that Washington does not have all of the answers in education, but that those answers are with teachers and parents. Immigration As the Husband of a legal immigrant from Vietnam, Rob knows that immigration can be great for America. Rob knows that we must respect our country’s laws and border security to ensure that all people who want to come to America and contribute to our great country do so legally. Rob will remain steadfast in following through on immigration reform to ensure that the legal process of immigration into the U.S. is shorter, but thorough with full and comprehensive background checks. 2nd Amendment As a person who has raised his right hand twice to Defend our Constitution, Rob will always fight up for American’s right to defend themselves and their families Defending the Constitution and Religious Liberties Supporting and defending the Constitution of the United States means abiding by it as written. I will fight to preserve the separation of powers, fight for limited government and will approve justices who will interpret the constitution as written.
National and Border Security Rob believes that sovereign nations must have secure borders and entry points. As your Senator in Washington:
Federal Budget, Debt, Deficit and Taxes Our national debt is a national security issue. The high cost of maintaining this debt costs Americans way too much and limits the true capabilities of our great nation. As your Senator in Washington:
Veterans As a former U.S. Naval Reserve Intelligence Specialist, as well as a father, son, uncle, and brother to veterans, Rob will serve our many veterans, allowing a smooth transition back to civilian life and providing them and their families access to mental, physical and economic security. As a veteran small business owner, Rob is best equipped to be a Senator in Washington to push for veterans’ issues ranging from health care to career placement. As your Senator in Washington, Rob will be the voice of Delaware veterans ensuring the Department of Veterans Affairs is adequately providing health care to our veterans. Our veterans sacrificed so much for our nation, and our nation must provide that and more for them in return. Entitlement Reforms While dependency on the government should never be the destiny of any American, hardworking and honest Delawareans of all generations are owed a return on their lifelong investments in these programs. As a Senator in Washington, Rob work to eliminate poverty, working to transition those from benefits to a paycheck. Infrastructure Our nation’s infrastructure is vital not only to our economy, our national security but our way of life. Delaware’s highways being strategically located within the Northeast corridor are some of the most traveled. The people of the state of Delaware deserve an infrastructure free from disrepair and potholes. Opioid Epidemic As a compassionate conservative, Rob supports the Opioid Crisis Response Act of 2018 which includes tougher drug enforcement efforts at our borders, as well as increased access to mental health and drug treatment for all those in need of help and care. Rob will not standby when thousands of American’s lives are ended too early by the dangerous drugs on our streets. Protecting the Family and Human Life As a husband and father, Rob knows the importance of family. Rob believes that families are the basic economic unit that leads to economic prosperity. As a Senator in Washington, Rob will protect human life from natural conception to natural death.[1] |
” |
—Robert Arlett’s campaign website (2018)[3] |
Demitri Theodoropoulos
Note: Ballotpedia did not find campaign themes information on Demitri Theodoropoulos' campaign website on October 18, 2018.[4]
Nadine Frost
Note: Ballotpedia did not find campaign themes information on Nadine Frost's campaign website on October 18, 2018.[5]
Barry Eveland
Note: Ballotpedia did not find campaign themes information on Barry Eveland's campaign website on October 18, 2018.
Peter Farina
Note: Ballotpedia did not find campaign themes information on Peter Farina's campaign website on October 18, 2018.
Matthew Stout
Note: Ballotpedia did not find campaign themes information on Matthew Stout's campaign website on October 18, 2018.
Key votes
Key votes cast by Carper
Sen. Tom Carper (D-Del.) cast the following key votes—votes that help citizens understand where their legislators stand on major policy issues—during the 115th Congress, which convened on January 3, 2017, and adjourned on January 3, 2019.
Click show to see key votes for Sen. Tom Carper (D-Del.) → |
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Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018
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2016 Pivot Counties
Delaware's single congressional district intersects with one or more Pivot Counties. These 206 Pivot Counties voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012.
The 206 Pivot Counties are located in 34 states. Iowa, with 31, had the most such counties. The partisan makeup of the 108 congressional districts intersecting with Pivot Counties is more Republican than the partisan breakdown of the U.S. House. Of the 108 congressional districts that have at least one Pivot County, 63 percent are held by a Republican incumbent, while 55.4 percent of U.S. House seats were won by a Republican in the 2016 elections.[46]
Campaign finance
The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.
Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tom Carper | Democratic Party | $4,394,417 | $4,887,154 | $360,642 | As of December 31, 2018 |
Robert Arlett | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Demitri Theodoropoulos | Green Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Nadine Frost | Libertarian Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2018. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
Noteworthy events
Brett Kavanaugh confirmation vote
- See also: Supreme Court vacancy, 2018: An overview
On October 6, 2018, the U.S. Senate voted to confirm the nomination of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to the U.S. Supreme Court. Fifty Senators voted to confirm Kavanaugh's nomination, 48 voted against, and Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) voted present. A simple majority was required to confirm Kavanaugh.[47]
Carper voted against Kavanaugh's confirmation. In a speech on the Senate floor, he said, "To my colleagues still wavering on Judge Kavanaugh’s nomination, I will leave you with this.We will not only be judged by voters this November; we will be judged by history. Let’s show that we are still worthy of being called the world’s greatest deliberative body. Let’s show that we have made progress since 1991. Let’s show that we are willing to take a stand and do the right thing. Because if we are not, any short-term political wins will be forever eclipsed by the permanent stain left on our legacies and this body from which, I fear, there may be no recovering."[48]
Wave election analysis
- See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)
The term wave election is frequently used to describe an election cycle in which one party makes significant electoral gains. How many seats would Republicans have had to lose for the 2018 midterm election to be considered a wave election?
Ballotpedia examined the results of the 50 election cycles that occurred between 1918 and 2016—spanning from President Woodrow Wilson's (D) second midterm in 1918 to Donald Trump's (R) first presidential election in 2016. We define wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in that period resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party.
Applying this definition to U.S. Senate elections, we found that Republicans needed to lose seven seats for 2018 to qualify as a wave election.
The chart below shows the number of seats the president's party lost in the 10 U.S. Senate waves from 1918 to 2016. Click here to read the full report.
U.S. Senate wave elections | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | President | Party | Election type | Senate seats change | Senate majority[49] | |
1932 | Hoover | R | Presidential | -13 | D (flipped) | |
1958 | Eisenhower | R | Second midterm | -12 | D | |
1946 | Truman | D | First midterm | -10 | R (flipped) | |
1980 | Carter | D | Presidential | -9 | R (flipped) | |
2014 | Obama | D | Second midterm | -9 | R (flipped) | |
1942 | Roosevelt | D | Third midterm | -8 | D | |
2008 | George W. Bush | D | Presidential | -8 | D | |
1926 | Coolidge | R | First midterm[50] | -7 | R | |
1930 | Hoover | R | First midterm | -7 | R | |
1986 | Reagan | R | Second midterm | -7 | D (flipped) |
Election history
2014
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
55.8% | 130,655 | |
Republican | Kevin Wade | 42.2% | 98,823 | |
Green | Andrew Groff | 1.9% | 4,560 | |
Total Votes | 234,038 | |||
Source: U.S. House Clerk "2014 Election Statistics" |
2012
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
66.4% | 265,415 | |
Republican | Kevin Wade | 29% | 115,700 | |
Green | Alexander Pires | 3.8% | 15,300 | |
Independent | Andrew Richard Groff | 0.8% | 3,191 | |
Total Votes | 399,606 | |||
Source: U.S. House Clerk "2012 Election Statistics" |
State overview
Partisan control
This section details the partisan control of federal and state positions in Delaware heading into the 2018 elections.
Congressional delegation
- Following the 2016 elections, Democrats held both U.S. Senate seats in Delaware.
- Democrats held the only U.S. House seat in Delaware.
State executives
- As of September 2018, Democrats held 5 of 12 state executive positions, Republicans held two, and the remaining positions were officially nonpartisan.
- The governor of Delaware was Democrat John Carney Jr. The state held elections for governor and lieutenant governor on November 3, 2020.
State legislature
- Democrats controlled both chambers of the Delaware General Assembly. They had a 25-16 majority in the state House and a 11-10 majority in the state Senate.
Trifecta status
- Delaware was a Democratic trifecta, meaning that the Democratic Party controlled the office of the governor, the state House, and the state Senate.
2018 elections
- See also: Delaware elections, 2018
Delaware held elections for the following positions in 2018:
- One U.S. Senate seat
- One U.S. House seat
- Three lower state executive positions
- Ten of 21 state Senate seats
- 41 state House seats
Demographics
Demographic data for Delaware | ||
---|---|---|
Delaware | U.S. | |
Total population: | 944,076 | 316,515,021 |
Land area (sq mi): | 1,949 | 3,531,905 |
Race and ethnicity** | ||
White: | 69.4% | 73.6% |
Black/African American: | 21.6% | 12.6% |
Asian: | 3.6% | 5.1% |
Native American: | 0.3% | 0.8% |
Pacific Islander: | 0% | 0.2% |
Two or more: | 2.7% | 3% |
Hispanic/Latino: | 8.7% | 17.1% |
Education | ||
High school graduation rate: | 88.4% | 86.7% |
College graduation rate: | 30% | 29.8% |
Income | ||
Median household income: | $60,509 | $53,889 |
Persons below poverty level: | 13.9% | 11.3% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Delaware. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. |
As of July 2016, Delaware's three largest cities were Wilmington (pop. est. 71,106), Dover (pop. est. 37,538), and Newark (pop. est. 33,858).[51][52]
State election history
This section provides an overview of federal and state elections in Delaware from 2000 to 2016. All data comes from the Delaware State Department of Elections.
Historical elections
Presidential elections, 2000-2016
This chart shows the results of the presidential election in Delaware every year from 2000 to 2016.
Election results (President of the United States), Delaware 2000-2016 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | First-place candidate | First-place candidate votes (%) | Second-place candidate | Second-place candidate votes (%) | Margin of victory (%) |
2016 | ![]() |
53.4% | ![]() |
41.9% | 11.5% |
2012 | ![]() |
58.6% | ![]() |
40.0% | 18.6% |
2008 | ![]() |
61.9% | ![]() |
36.9% | 25.0% |
2004 | ![]() |
53.4% | ![]() |
45.7% | 7.7% |
2000 | ![]() |
54.9% | ![]() |
41.9% | 13.0% |
U.S. Senate elections, 2000-2016
This chart shows the results of U.S. Senate races in Delaware from 2000 to 2016. Every state has two Senate seats, and each seat goes up for election every six years. The terms of the seats are staggered so that roughly one-third of the seats are up every two years.
Election results (U.S. Senator), Delaware 2000-2016 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | First-place candidate | First-place candidate votes (%) | Second-place candidate | Second-place candidate votes (%) | Margin of victory (%) |
2014 | ![]() |
55.8% | ![]() |
42.2% | 13.6% |
2012 | ![]() |
66.4% | ![]() |
29.0% | 37.4% |
2010 | ![]() |
56.6% | ![]() |
40.0% | 16.6% |
2008 | ![]() |
64.7% | ![]() |
35.3% | 29.4% |
2006 | ![]() |
67.1% | ![]() |
27.4% | 39.7% |
2002 | ![]() |
58.2% | ![]() |
40.8% | 17.4% |
2000 | ![]() |
55.5% | ![]() |
43.7% | 11.8% |
Gubernatorial elections, 2000-2016
This chart shows the results of the four gubernatorial elections held between 2000 and 2016. Gubernatorial elections are held every four years in Delaware.
Election results (Governor), Delaware 2000-2016 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | First-place candidate | First-place candidate votes (%) | Second-place candidate | Second-place candidate votes (%) | Margin of victory (%) |
2016 | ![]() |
58.3% | ![]() |
39.2% | 19.9% |
2012 | ![]() |
69.3% | ![]() |
28.6% | 40.7% |
2008 | ![]() |
67.5% | ![]() |
32.0% | 35.5% |
2004 | ![]() |
50.9% | ![]() |
45.8% | 5.1% |
2000 | ![]() |
59.2% | ![]() |
39.7% | 19.5% |
Congressional delegation, 2000-2016
This chart shows the number of Democrats and Republicans who were elected to represent Delaware in the U.S. House from 2000 to 2016. Elections for U.S. House seats are held every two years.
Trifectas, 1992-2017
A state government trifecta occurs when one party controls both chambers of the state legislature and the governor's office.
Delaware Party Control: 1992-2025
Seventeen years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
House | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
See also
- United States House of Representatives election in Delaware, 2018
- United States Senate elections, 2018
- Tom Carper
- United States Senate election in Delaware (September 6, 2018 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Delaware (September 6, 2018 Republican primary)
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Carper for Delaware, "Issues," accessed July 25, 2018
- ↑ Arlett U.S. Senate, "Platform & Issues," accessed October 18, 2018
- ↑ Facebook, "Friends of Demitri Theodoropoulos for Senate," accessed October 18, 2018
- ↑ Facebook, "Nadine Frost for US Senate," accessed October 18, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment with an Amendment)," December 18, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2)," December 11, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Nomination (Confirmation Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 6, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Brett M. Kavanaugh to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 5, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2, As Amended)," June 28, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1959)," February 15, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1958 As Modified)," February 15, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1948)," February 15, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1955)," February 15, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to the Consideration of S. 2311)," January 29, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (McConnell Amdt. No. 667)," July 28, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (Paul Amdt. No. 271 )," July 26, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Amdt. No. 270)," July 25, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Proceed to H.R. 1628)," July 25, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Nomination (Confirmation: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 7, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Upon Reconsideration, Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Decision of the Chair (Shall the Decision of the Chair Stand as the Judgment of the Senate?)," April 6, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 6157)," September 18, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 5895)," September 12, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H. R. 6157 As Amended)," August 23, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 5895 As Amended)," June 25, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1625)," March 23, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1892 with an Amendment (SA 1930))," February 9, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 695)," February 8, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment with Further Amendment)," January 22, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 22, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 19, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1370)," December 21, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Recede from the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1 and Concur with Further Amendment ," December 20, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 123)," December 7, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 1 As Amended )," December 2, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 71 As Amended)," October 19, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amdt. to the Senate Amdt. with an Amdt. No. 808 to H.R. 601)," September 7, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 244)," May 4, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (S.J. Res. 54, As Amended), December 13, 2018
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2810 As Amended)," September 18, 2017
- ↑ The Hill, "Senate sends $692B defense policy bill to Trump's desk," November 15, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3364)," July 27, 2017
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 722 As Amended)," June 15, 2017
- ↑ The raw data for this study was provided by Dave Leip of Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
- ↑ New York Times, "Kavanaugh Is Sworn In After Close Confirmation Vote in Senate Video," October 6, 2018
- ↑ Tom Carper, "VIDEO RELEASE: Carper Delivers Speech Forcefully Opposing the Nomination of Brett Kavanaugh," accessed October 12, 2018
- ↑ Denotes the party that had more seats in the U.S. House following the election.
- ↑ Calvin Coolidge's (R) first term began in August 1923 after the death of President Warren Harding (R), who was first elected in 1920. Before he had his first midterm in 1926, Coolidge was re-elected as president in 1924.
- ↑ Delaware Demographics, "Delaware Cities by Population," accessed December 11, 2017
- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "Quickfacts Delaware," accessed December 11, 2017