United States Senate election in Florida, 2022
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| U.S. Senate, Florida |
|---|
 |
| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: June 17, 2022 |
| Primary: August 23, 2022 General: November 8, 2022 |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Voting in Florida |
| Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Likely Republican Sabato's Crystal Ball: Likely Republican |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2022 |
| See also |
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Incumbent Marco Rubio (R) defeated Val Demings (D) and seven other candidates in the general election for U.S. Senate in Florida on November 8, 2022.
The Hill's Caroline Vakil said, "Florida’s Senate race is considered one of the most competitive this November."[1] In 2018, the last U.S. Senate race in the state before this one, Rick Scott (R) defeated incumbent Sen. Bill Nelson (D) by 0.2 percentage points. In 2016, incumbent Marco Rubio won re-election by a margin of 7.7 percentage points.
Rubio was first elected to the Senate in 2010 to replace retiring incumbent Mel Martinez (R). In the general election, Rubio defeated Kendrick B. Meek (D) and Gov. Charlie Crist (I) with 49% of the vote. Rubio was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008, serving as majority leader from 2003 to 2006 and House speaker from 2006 to 2008. Rubio emphasized his Senate career; according to his campaign website, "As a U.S. Senator, Marco has advanced commonsense, conservative ideas that address the issues Americans face."[2]
Demings was elected to the U.S. House in 2016, representing Florida's 10th Congressional District. Demings served on the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Before her time in office, Demings worked in law enforcement for nearly three decades. From 2007 to 2012, Demings was the chief of police in Orlando, Florida.[3] Demings said she was "running for U.S. Senate to fight for every Floridian to have that same opportunity to live the American Dream."[4]
Dennis Misigoy (L), Steven B. Grant, Tuan Nguyen, Uloma Ekpete, Edward A. Gray, Howard Knepper, and Moses Quiles also ran.
The 2016 and 2020 presidential elections in Florida were both decided by less than 4 percentage points. Incumbent President Donald Trump (R) won the state over Joe Biden (D) by 3.3 percentage points in 2020. Trump won the state over Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016 by 1.2 percentage points.
The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. Senate in 2022. Democrats retained their majority and gained one net seat, with the Senate's post-election partisan balance at 51 Democrats and 49 Republicans.
Thirty-five of 100 seats were up for election, including one special election.[5] At the time of the election, Democrats had an effective majority, with the chamber split 50-50 and Vice President Kamala Harris (D) having the tie-breaking vote.[6] Of the seats up for election in 2022, Democrats held 14 and Republicans held 21.
Dennis Misigoy (L), Steven B. Grant (No Party Affiliation), Tuan Nguyen (No Party Affiliation), Edward A. Gray (No Party Affiliation), Uloma Ekpete Kama (No Party Affiliation), and Moses Quiles (No Party Affiliation) completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. To read those survey responses, click here.
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- United States Senate election in Florida, 2022 (August 23 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Florida, 2022 (August 23 Republican primary)
Election news
This section includes a timeline of events leading up to the election.
- November 8, 2022: Incumbent Marco Rubio (R) defeated Val Demings (D) and seven other candidates.
- November 1, 2022: Sienna College released a poll of 659 likely voters showing Rubio with 51%, Demings with 43%, and 4% undecided. The margin of error was ±4.4 percentage points.[7]
- October 31, 2022: YouGov released a poll of 1,117 registered voters showing Rubio with 51%, Demings with 44%, and 5% undecided. The margin of error was ±2.9 percentage points.[7]
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Florida
The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Florida on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Marco Rubio (R) | 57.7 | 4,474,847 |
 | Val Demings (D) | 41.3 | 3,201,522 | |
 | Dennis Misigoy (L)  | 0.4 | 32,177 | |
 | Steven B. Grant (No Party Affiliation) | 0.4 | 31,816 | |
 | Tuan Nguyen (No Party Affiliation) | 0.2 | 17,385 | |
 | Edward A. Gray (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 190 | |
 | Uloma Ekpete Kama (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 42 | |
 | Moses Quiles (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 33 | |
 | Howard Knepper (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 2 | |
| Total votes: 7,758,014 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Jason Holic (No Party Affiliation)
- Carlos Barberena (No Party Affiliation)
- Shantele Bennett (No Party Affiliation)
- Ahmad Saide (No Party Affiliation)
- Timothy Devine (No Party Affiliation)
- Grace Granda (No Party Affiliation)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Val Demings defeated Brian Rush, William Sanchez, and Ricardo De La Fuente in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 23, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Val Demings | 84.3 | 1,263,706 |
 | Brian Rush | 6.3 | 94,185 | |
 | William Sanchez | 5.6 | 84,576 | |
 | Ricardo De La Fuente | 3.8 | 56,749 | |
| Total votes: 1,499,216 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Allen Ellison (D)
- Edward Abud (D)
- Joshua Weil (D)
- Alan Grayson (D)
- Allek Pastrana (D)
- Ken Russell (D)
- Coleman Watson (D)
- Albert Fox (D)
Republican primary election
The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Marco Rubio advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Calvin Driggers (R)
- Angela Marie Walls-Windhauser (R)
- Jake Loubriel (R)
- Luis Miguel (R)
- Josue Larose (R)
- Ervan Katari Miller (R)
- Earl Yearicks IV (R)
- Kevin DePuy (R)
Libertarian primary election
The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Dennis Misigoy advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. Senate Florida.
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Florida
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: Yes
Political Office:
- U.S. Senate (Assumed office: 2011)
- Florida House of Representatives (2000-2008)
Biography: Rubio was born in Miami, Florida. He received a B.S. degree from the University of Florida in 1993 and a J.D. degree from the University of Miami School of Law in 1996. Rubio worked as a City Commissioner for West Miami before his election to the Florida House of Representatives in 2000.
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office:
- U.S. House (Assumed office: 2017)
Biography: Val Demings was born in Jacksonville, Florida. Demings received a B.S. in criminology from Florida State University in 1979 and an M.P.A. from Webster University in 1996. Her career experience included working as the chief of police and the commander of special operations with the Orlando Police Department and as a social worker
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I represent people, not political parties. I am campaigning to make the world a better place. I love the United States of America with the freedoms, rights, and obligations that our laws provide to every person. As a No Party Affiliate Candidate, I must voice my opinion against the National Political Parties and Political Action Committees who are fearmongering the Citizens of the United States. The duopoly of Republicans and Democrats have created a polarized society that categorizes people as left or right. I am the candidate that will bring civil discourse back into politics. I am a firm believer that, “Everyone has the right to their own opinion; however, that opinion may not be right for everyone.” I have the experience, acumen, and demeanor to move our country forward by creating and drafting legislation that will provide opportunities for our youth; protect and preserve our natural environment; and support the strengths and resiliency of the American worker."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: Libertarian Party
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "The youngest son of two immigrant parents, Dennis Misigoy was born and raised in Miami-Dade County, Florida, graduating from Miami Springs Senior High before earning his degree in Computer Science at Florida International University. After completing his studies, Dennis worked in the classroom as an educator, including four years as a public high school teacher. Later he began working as a software engineer, developing for industries as diverse as healthcare and specialized asset management. In his personal life, Dennis has been married for over fifteen years and is a father of three. He is also an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, having served in various leadership roles at the congregation (ward) and local (stake) levels."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "Tuan “TQ” Nguyen came to the United States in 1997 and has established residence in the great state of Florida since 2003. In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, his witness about the poverty and the suffering of the Vietnamese people under the Vietnamese communist has instilled his personal traits: compassion and a sense of justice. After having managed to flee the Vietnamese communist regime, TQ had the opportunity to live, study and work in several countries. He also had the opportunities to visit all the five continents and hence acquired a broad understanding of different systems of government and state institutions. Being an engineer by profession and a human rights advocate by vocation, TQ has blended his experiences into a unique skillset that focuses on problem-solving to help those who are the less fortunate such as victims of human rights violations and religious persecutions. TQ holds a M.Sc. in Global Strategic Communication from Florida Institute of Technology, a M.Sc. in Information Technology Management from Creighton University and a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering from Concordia University. Besides English, TQ is fluent in French and Vietnamese. "
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I believe in America first. I believe the 2 party system is the problem in America. I believe we need to elect regular Americans that see the problem and know how to fix it. Politics and politicians are our biggest problem"
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "I'm Dr. Uloma Ekpete, a Public Health Physician & Medical Epidemiologist, graduated with Doctor of Medicine & Surgery Degree (MD). She earned a Master of Public Health (MPH) at Loma Linda University, California. Uma has taking on leadership roles in multiple organizations throughout her career as a physician and a public health physician before starting up a private company. She is currently the chairperson of a private corporation, Peridot Operations Inc that has been involved in community development & program planning for years. Dr. Uloma Ekpete is running in the upcoming election as a conservative & write-in candidate. Voting for 'Uloma Ekpete' in the midterms is by Sticker-voting. Check out our campaign ad attached here or on twitter:@ulomaekpete for more information on how to vote for Uloma by mail or in-person."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Submitted Biography: "As our country is in disarray, We need to understand nothing will be accomplished unless we are united. Our flag is made up of three colors red, white and blue. Red for valor, blue for perseverance and white for purity. Individually they are just colors but together they form the basis of what is our dear United States of America. Not one state better than another but all together united for freedom. Today our country is plagued with low morale and there is little hope in our government. This year, 2022, let us step out of the party lines and vote for unity , vote for restoration, and vote for family values. The Bible is the same book sworn on when an elected official takes office. It says love is patient , love is kind, and love holds no wrong against one another. We may not all agree on the same things, and we also may have strong opinions but at the end of the day we must all put our differences aside so this great country can begin to heal. You asked me to tell you what I stand for, I stand for Hope, I stand for unity, I stand for truth and his name is Yeshua "
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2022.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
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Steven B. Grant (No Affiliation)
Immigration Court Reform: Create an Independent Judiciary to Incentivize Legal Immigration. One of my ideas to solve the issue of undocumented immigrants in the USA, would be to expand the International Immigration Offices for the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services Agency. Our country had Ellis Island, Angel Island, and the Freedom Tower; immigration stations are a must for current and future refugees or asylees. I believe birthright citizenship needs to be debated as non-citizens are abusing the 14th amendment.
Military Expansion: Keep our Country Safe and Provide more Opportunities for our Youth. Our Military needs to include the Peace Corps and AmeriCorps to assist with providing humanitarian aid domestically and around the world. Furthermore, our Military needs to be more sustainable and less reliant on contractors for non-combat careers.
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
I believe America's biggest problem is the 2 party system it automatically causes division
I stand with The Constitution
Dennis Misigoy (L)
The only path to peace and prosperity, both among nations and among the people within our own country, is respect for individual liberty.
We’re facing $30 trillion in debt, over 8% inflation, and the possibility of nuclear war with Russia because of the two party establishment’s stranglehold on power. Change cannot wait any longer.
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
We need to pause partisan fights and avoid gridlock to serve American people's interest.
The increasing trend of authoritariansim poses a direct threat to America's democracy and standing in the world
Moses Quiles (No Affiliation)
UNITY
FREEDOM
Steven B. Grant (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
The Constitution The Bill of Rights The Declaration of Independence Immigration is a gift We can not afford to cut off oil and gas supplies until we have sustainable alternatives I support the police and the military I believe Americacan make and supply anything we get from other countries and it would be better
I support Govenor DeSantis
Uloma Ekpete Kama (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Spending: there are no real tax cuts without spending cuts. $30 trillion in debt and growing is not sustainable and dumping this debt onto future generations is immoral. Monetary Policy - Americans deserve a dollar that is worth the same tomorrow that it was when they earned it yesterday. Trillions of new dollars created out of thin air over the last few years have brought about the current record levels of inflation and it needs to stop. The Federal Reserve as a central bank is unconstitutional and needs to be ended.
Drug War - government prohibition of production, possession, sale, and consumption of certain substances not only violates the rights peaceful adults, it has caused incalculable harm to countless innocent Americans while achieving nothing over the last half century. It’s past time to end it.
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Education reform Health care reform
Foreign policy
Moses Quiles (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Moses Quiles (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Moses Quiles (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Moses Quiles (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Edward A. Gray (No Affiliation)
Dennis Misigoy (L)
Campaign advertisements
This section includes a selection of up to three campaign advertisements per candidate released in this race, as well as links to candidates' YouTube, Vimeo, and/or Facebook video pages. If you are aware of other links that should be included, please email us.
Marco Rubio
| November 6, 2022 |
| October 18, 2022 |
| October 18, 2022 |
View more ads here:
Val Demings
| October 24, 2022 |
| October 23, 2022 |
| October 19, 2022 |
View more ads here:
Debates and forums
This section includes links to debates, forums, and other similar events where multiple candidates in this race participated. If you are aware of any debates or forums that should be included, please email us.
October 18 debate
On October 18, 2022, Rubio and Demings participated in a debate hosted by WPBF 25 in West Palm Beach.[12]
Click on the links below for summaries of the event:
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[13] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[14] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
Below we provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, when available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation. We only report polls for which we can find a margin of error or credibility interval.
| United States Senate election in Florida, 2022 election polls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date | Rubio
|
Demings
|
Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[15] | Sponsor[16] |
| Siena College | Oct. 30-Nov. 1, 2022 | 51% | 43% | 4% | ±4.4 | 659 LV | Spectrum News |
| YouGov | Oct. 20-31, 2022 | 51% | 44% | 5% | ±2.9 | 1117 RV | Florida State University Institute of Politics |
| University of Northern Florida | Oct. 17-24, 2022 | 54% | 43% | 3% | ±4.7 | 622 LV | -- |
| Florida Atlantic University | Oct. 12-16, 2022 | 48% | 42% | 10%[17] | ±3.7 | 719 LV | -- |
| Mason-Dixon Polling and Strategy | Sept. 26-28, 2022 | 47% | 41% | 12% | ±3.5 | 800 LV | -- |
| United States Senate election in Florida, 2022 election polls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date | Rubio
|
Demings
|
Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[18] | Sponsor[19] |
| Sienna College | Sept. 18-25, 2022 | 48% | 41% | 11%[20] | ±4.5 | 669 LV | Spectrum News |
| Suffolk University | Sept. 15- 18, 2022 | 45.2% | 41.2% | 13.6%[21] | ±4.4 | 500 LV | USA Today |
| Susquehanna | Aug. 29-Sept. 4, 2022 | 47.0% | 44.0% | 8% | ±4.3 | 500 LV | -- |
| Fabrizio/Anzalone | Aug. 24-31, 2022 | 49.0% | 47.0% | 4% | ±4.4 | 500 LV | AARP Florida |
| University of North Florida | Aug. 8-12, 2022 | 44.0% | 48.0% | 9%[22] | ±3.4 | 1534 LV | -- |
| Phillips Academy | May 7-9, 2022 | 36.0% | 34.0% | 30.1% | ±4.2 | 543 RV | Abbot Academy Fund |
| Mason-Dixon | Feb. 7-10, 2022 | 49% | 42% | 9% | ±4 | 625 RV | -- |
| Suffolk University | Jan. 26-29, 2022 | 49% | 41% | 10% | ±4.4 | 500 LV | USA Today |
| St. Pete Polls | Nov. 18-19, 2021 | 51% | 44% | 4.7% | ±1.8 | 2896 RV | Florida Politics |
Race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[23]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[24][25][26]
| Race ratings: U.S. Senate election in Florida, 2022 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 8, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | October 25, 2022 | October 18, 2022 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Noteworthy endorsements
Click the links below to see endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites, if available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.
| Noteworthy endorsements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Endorser | Marco Rubio | Val Demings
|
| Government officials | ||
| Pres. Joe Biden (D) source | ✔ | |
| Individuals | ||
| Frmr. Pres. Barack Obama source | ✔ | |
| Frmr. U.S. Pres. Donald Trump source | ✔ | |
| Newspapers and editorials | ||
| Miami Herald Editorial Board source | ✔ | |
| Orlando Weekly source | ✔ | |
| Tampa Bay Times source | ✔ | |
| Organizations | ||
| Associated Industries of Florida source | ✔ | |
| Florida Fraternal Order of Police source | ✔ | |
| Florida Police Benevolent Association source | ✔ | |
| The Palm Beach Post source | ✔ | |
Election spending
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[27] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[28] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
| U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
| Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
| April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
| July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
| October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
| Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
| Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
| Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marco Rubio | Republican Party | $50,945,461 | $50,630,466 | $497,453 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Val Demings | Democratic Party | $81,085,313 | $81,521,392 | $332,913 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Ricardo De La Fuente | Democratic Party | $22,800 | $22,740 | $60 | As of October 25, 2022 |
| Brian Rush | Democratic Party | $49,764 | $49,764 | $0 | As of September 30, 2022 |
| William Sanchez | Democratic Party | $289,133 | $235,694 | $-2,687 | As of September 30, 2022 |
| Dennis Misigoy | Libertarian Party | $13,176 | $14,879 | $627 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Steven B. Grant | No Party Affiliation | $24,984 | $24,584 | $400 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Edward A. Gray | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Uloma Ekpete Kama | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Howard Knepper | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Tuan Nguyen | No Party Affiliation | $52,549 | $52,549 | $0 | As of December 7, 2022 |
| Moses Quiles | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[29][30]
If available, satellite spending reports by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and OpenSecrets.org are linked below. FEC links include totals from monthly, quarterly, and semi-annual reports. OpenSecrets.org compiles data from those reports as well as 24- and 48-hour reports from the FEC.[31]
Details about satellite spending of significant amounts and/or reported by media are included below those links. The amounts listed may not represent the total satellite spending in the election. To notify us of additional satellite spending, email us.
| By candidate | By election |
|---|---|
- The Florida First Project had spent $1,866,570.98 opposing Demings as of August 31, 2022.[32]
- National Republican Senatorial Committee:
- On August 24, 2022, Politico reported Rubio’s campaign and the National Republican Senatorial Committee had spent $6.7 million on TV ads.[33]
- Stand Up To China spent $695,670 on broadcast ads opposing Demings on August 31, 2022.[34]
Election analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
- Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
- State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
Presidential elections
Cook PVI by congressional district
2020 presidential results by 2022 congressional district lines
| 2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2022 district lines, Florida[35] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Joe Biden
|
Donald Trump
| ||
| Florida's 1st | 33.0% | 65.3% | ||
| Florida's 2nd | 44.0% | 55.0% | ||
| Florida's 3rd | 42.4% | 56.5% | ||
| Florida's 4th | 46.0% | 52.7% | ||
| Florida's 5th | 41.5% | 57.3% | ||
| Florida's 6th | 37.7% | 61.4% | ||
| Florida's 7th | 46.7% | 52.2% | ||
| Florida's 8th | 40.6% | 58.3% | ||
| Florida's 9th | 58.2% | 40.8% | ||
| Florida's 10th | 65.3% | 33.5% | ||
| Florida's 11th | 44.1% | 55.0% | ||
| Florida's 12th | 35.1% | 63.9% | ||
| Florida's 13th | 46.1% | 52.9% | ||
| Florida's 14th | 59.0% | 39.8% | ||
| Florida's 15th | 47.9% | 51.0% | ||
| Florida's 16th | 45.1% | 54.0% | ||
| Florida's 17th | 41.6% | 57.6% | ||
| Florida's 18th | 38.1% | 60.9% | ||
| Florida's 19th | 39.1% | 60.2% | ||
| Florida's 20th | 75.9% | 23.5% | ||
| Florida's 21st | 45.0% | 54.4% | ||
| Florida's 22nd | 58.5% | 40.9% | ||
| Florida's 23rd | 56.3% | 43.1% | ||
| Florida's 24th | 74.3% | 25.2% | ||
| Florida's 25th | 59.7% | 39.7% | ||
| Florida's 26th | 40.6% | 58.9% | ||
| Florida's 27th | 49.6% | 49.9% | ||
| Florida's 28th | 46.5% | 52.9% | ||
2012-2020
How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:
| County-level voting pattern categories | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Democratic | D | D | D | ||||
| Trending Democratic | R | D | D | ||||
| Battleground Democratic | D | R | D | ||||
| New Democratic | R | R | D | ||||
| Republican | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Republican | R | R | R | ||||
| Trending Republican | D | R | R | ||||
| Battleground Republican | R | D | R | ||||
| New Republican | D | D | R | ||||
Following the 2020 presidential election, 46.6% of Floridians lived in one of the state's nine Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 40.2% lived in one of 52 Solid Republican counties. Overall, Florida was Trending Republican, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Donald Trump (R) in 2016, and Donald Trump (R) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Florida following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.
| Florida county-level statistics, 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Democratic | 9 | 46.6% | |||||
| Solid Republican | 52 | 40.2% | |||||
| New Democratic | 2 | 6.8% | |||||
| Battleground Democratic | 1 | 4.5% | |||||
| Trending Republican | 3 | 2.0% | |||||
| Total voted Democratic | 12 | 57.8% | |||||
| Total voted Republican | 55 | 42.2% | |||||
Historical voting trends
Florida presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 17 Democratic wins
- 14 Republican wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | D | R | R | D | D | R | R |
Statewide elections
This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.
U.S. Senate elections
The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Florida.
| U.S. Senate election results in Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2018 | 50.1% |
49.9%
|
| 2016 | 52.0% |
44.3%
|
| 2012 | 55.2% |
42.2%
|
| 2010 | 48.9% |
29.7% (Independent)
|
| 2006 | 60.3% |
38.1%
|
| Average | 53.3 | 40.8 |
Gubernatorial elections
- See also: Governor of Florida
The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Florida.
| Gubernatorial election results in Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2018 | 49.6% |
49.2%
|
| 2014 | 48.1% |
47.1%
|
| 2010 | 48.9% |
47.7%
|
| 2006 | 52.2% |
45.1%
|
| 2002 | 56.0% |
43.2%
|
| Average | 51.0 | 46.5 |
State partisanship
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Delaware's congressional delegation as of November 2022.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Delaware, November 2022 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 0 | 9 | 9 |
| Republican | 2 | 16 | 18 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 2 | 27 | 29 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Florida's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.
| State executive officials in Florida, November 2022 | |
|---|---|
| Office | Officeholder |
| Governor | Ron DeSantis
|
| Lieutenant Governor | Jeanette Nuñez
|
| Secretary of State | Cord Byrd
|
| Attorney General | Ashley B. Moody
|
State legislature
The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the Florida State Legislature as of November 2022.
Florida State Senate
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 12 | |
| Republican Party | 28 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 40 | |
Florida House of Representatives
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 35 | |
| Republican Party | 84 | |
| Vacancies | 1 | |
| Total | 120 | |
Trifecta control
As of November 2022, Florida was a Republican trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.
Florida Party Control: 1992-2022
One year of a Democratic trifecta • Twenty-three years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | I | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | S | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Demographics
The table below details demographic data in Florida and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.
| Demographic Data for Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Florida | United States | |
| Population | 18,801,310 | 308,745,538 |
| Land area (sq mi) | 53,651 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White | 75.1% | 72.5% |
| Black/African American | 16.1% | 12.7% |
| Asian | 2.7% | 5.5% |
| Native American | 0.3% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Other (single race) | 3% | 4.9% |
| Multiple | 2.7% | 3.3% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 25.6% | 18% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate | 88.2% | 88% |
| College graduation rate | 29.9% | 32.1% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income | $55,660 | $62,843 |
| Persons below poverty level | 14% | 13.4% |
| Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2010). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2014-2019). | ||
| **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. | ||
Election context
Ballot access requirements
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Florida in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Florida, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2022 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Florida | U.S. Senate | Ballot-qualified party | 144,419 | $10,440.00 | 6/17/2022 | Source |
| Florida | U.S. Senate | Unaffiliated | 144,419 | $6,960.00 | 6/17/2022 | Source |
Election history
2018
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Florida
Rick Scott defeated incumbent Bill Nelson in the general election for U.S. Senate Florida on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Rick Scott (R) | 50.1 | 4,099,505 |
 | Bill Nelson (D) | 49.9 | 4,089,472 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0 | 1,028 | ||
| Total votes: 8,190,005 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Joe Allen (Independent)
- Joe Wendt (L)
- Gregory Bowles (Independent)
- Carlos Garcia (Independent)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Incumbent Bill Nelson advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 28, 2018.
Candidate | ||
| ✔ | | Bill Nelson |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Tamika Lyles (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Rick Scott defeated Roque De La Fuente in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 28, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Rick Scott | 88.6 | 1,456,187 |
 | Roque De La Fuente | 11.4 | 187,209 | |
| Total votes: 1,643,396 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Martin Mikhail (R)
- Augustus Sol Invictus (R)
- Joe Smith (R)
- Marcia Thorne (R)
2016
The race for Florida's U.S. Senate seat was one of nine competitive battleground races in 2016 that that helped Republicans maintain control of the Senate. Incumbent Sen. Marco Rubio (R) defeated U.S. Rep. Patrick Murphy (D), Iraq war veteran Paul Stanton (L), and nine independent and write-in candidates in the general election, which took place on November 8, 2016. According to Politico, Rubio was “the first Republican senator from the Sunshine State ever to win reelection in a presidential election year.”[36][37]
Rubio called Murphy "hyper-partisan," "a rubber stamp for, God forbid, a Clinton presidency," and accused him of fabricating his qualifications.[38][39][40][41] Murphy criticized Rubio, saying, "Sen. Rubio has the worst vote attendance record of any Florida senator in nearly 50 years." Murphy's spokeswoman Galia Slayen said, "Marco Rubio is willing to abandon his responsibility to Floridians and hand over our country's national security to Donald Trump, as long as it advances his own political career."[42]
In his victory speech, Rubio said, “[I] hope that I and my colleagues as we return to work in Washington D.C. can set a better example how political discourse should exist in this country. And I know people feel betrayed and you have a right to. Every major institution in our society has failed us — the media, the government, big business, Wall Street, academia — they have all failed us. So people are so frustrated and angry. But we must channel that anger and frustration into something positive. Let it move us forward as energy to confront and solve our challenges and our problems.”[43]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican |  Marco Rubio Incumbent |
52% | 4,835,191 | |
| Democratic | Patrick Murphy | 44.3% | 4,122,088 | |
| Libertarian | Paul Stanton | 2.1% | 196,956 | |
| Independent | Bruce Nathan | 0.6% | 52,451 | |
| Independent | Tony Khoury | 0.5% | 45,820 | |
| Independent | Steven Machat | 0.3% | 26,918 | |
| Independent | Basil Dalack | 0.2% | 22,236 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0% | 160 | |
| Total Votes | 9,301,820 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Marco Rubio Incumbent |
72% | 1,029,830 | ||
| Carlos Beruff | 18.5% | 264,427 | ||
| Dwight Young | 6.4% | 91,082 | ||
| Ernie Rivera | 3.2% | 45,153 | ||
| Total Votes | 1,430,492 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Patrick Murphy |
58.9% | 665,985 | ||
| Alan Grayson | 17.7% | 199,929 | ||
| Pam Keith | 15.4% | 173,919 | ||
| Roque De La Fuente | 5.4% | 60,810 | ||
| Reginald Luster | 2.6% | 29,138 | ||
| Total Votes | 1,129,781 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Paul Stanton |
73.5% | 2,946 | ||
| Augustus Invictus Sol | 26.5% | 1,063 | ||
| Total Votes | 4,009 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
2012
On November 6, 2012, Bill Nelson won re-election to the United States Senate. He defeated Connie Mack (R), Bill Gaylor (I), and Chris Borgia (I) in the general election.
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Bill Nelson Incumbent |
55.2% | 4,523,451 | |
| Republican | Connie Mack | 42.2% | 3,458,267 | |
| Independent | Bill Gaylor | 1.5% | 126,079 | |
| Independent | Chris Borgia | 1% | 82,089 | |
| N/A | Write-ins | 0% | 60 | |
| Total Votes | 8,189,946 | |||
| Source: Florida Election Watch "U.S. Senator" | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Bill Nelson Incumbent |
78.8% | 690,112 | |
| Democratic | Glenn A. Burkett | 21.2% | 185,629 | |
| Total Votes | 875,741 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Connie Mack |
58.7% | 661,570 | |
| Republican | Dave Weldon | 20.1% | 226,901 | |
| Republican | Mike McCalister | 13.9% | 156,158 | |
| Republican | Marielena Stuart | 7.3% | 82,390 | |
| Total Votes | 1,127,019 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections | ||||
2022 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This election was a battleground race. Other 2022 battleground elections included:
- Alabama Secretary of State election, 2022 (May 24 Republican primary)
- California's 22nd Congressional District election, 2022
- Nevada's 4th Congressional District election, 2022 (June 14 Republican primary)
- Ohio's 9th Congressional District election, 2022
- Oregon gubernatorial election, 2022
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ The Hill, "Demings up by 4 points in challenge to Rubio: poll," August 16, 2022
- ↑ Marco Rubio for Senate, "Meet Marco," accessed August 22, 2022
- ↑ House.gov, "Congresswoman Val Demings," accessed January 31, 2019
- ↑ Val Demings for Senate, "Issues," accessed August 22, 2022
- ↑ The special Senate election in California was for the same seat up for regular election. There were, then, 36 total Senate elections for 35 total seats.
- ↑ Two independents who caucus with Democrats are included with Democrats in the 50-50 split count.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedrcpfl - ↑ Florida Politics, "Sunburn — The morning read of what’s hot in Florida politics — 8.31.22," August 31, 2022
- ↑ Politico, "Money isn’t everything: Demings hauls in cash but Rubio holds firm," August 24, 2022
- ↑ University of North Florida, "UNF Poll: Fried Leading in Democratic Governor’s Primary," August 12, 2022
- ↑ Florida Politics, "Fraternal Order of Police backs Marco Rubio over Val Demings," June 18, 2022
- ↑ New York Times, "Four Takeaways From the Rubio-Demings Debate in Florida’s Senate Race," October 18, 2022
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Someone else: 3%
Undecided: 7% - ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Not going to vote: 2%
Don't know: 9% - ↑ Someone else: 3.8%
Don't know/refused: 9.8% - ↑ Someone else: 7%
Don't know: 2% - ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ Amee LaTour, Email correspondence with the Center for Responsive Politics, August 5, 2022
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "DEMINGS, VAL," accessed August 31, 2022
- ↑ Politico, "Money isn’t everything: Demings hauls in cash but Rubio holds firm," August 24, 2022
- ↑ Florida Politics, "Sunburn — The morning read of what’s hot in Florida politics — 8.31.22," August 31, 2022
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed September 9, 2022
- ↑ The New York Times, "Marco Rubio and John McCain Win Primaries in Florida and Arizona," accessed September 2, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "How Rubio outdid Trump in Florida and revived his career," accessed November 15, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "Rubio: GOP has tough fight ahead to maintain Senate control," accessed August 22, 2016
- ↑ CNN, "Ahead of Florida primary, Rubio offers Trump a tepid embrace," accessed September 2, 2016
- ↑ CBS Miami, "The Making of Patrick Murphy," June 22, 2016
- ↑ Patrick Murphy for Senate, "Press Releases / Setting the Record Straight On Yesterday’s Misleading CBS Miami Report," June 23, 2016
- ↑ PolitiFact, "Mostly True: Marco Rubio has worst voting record of any Florida senator in nearly 50 years," accessed September 3, 2016
- ↑ Breitbart, "Rubio Wins Reelection Bid — Gives Victory Speech in English and Spanish," accessed November 15, 2016
