United States Senate election in Georgia, 2022 (December 6 runoff)
Incumbent Raphael Warnock (D) defeated Herschel Walker (R) in the runoff election for U.S. Senate in Georgia on December 6, 2022.
Warnock and Walker were the top-two vote-getters in the November 8, 2022, general election, with Warnock winning 49.4% of the vote to Walker's 48.5%. Libertarian Chase Oliver won 2.1% of the vote and did not advance to the runoff. In Georgia, a runoff is held between the two top finishers if no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote.[1]
Warnock's win resulted in Democrats expanding their majority in the U.S. Senate from 50 seats to 51. To read more about what was at stake in this election and how a Senate with a 51-seat Democratic majority can operate differently than one with a 50-50 split, click here.
Before assuming office in 2020, Warnock served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, where Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. also served as pastor. During his 2022 campaign, Warnock focused on his legislative record, in particular when it came to bipartisan initiatives. Warnock's campaign said, "As the 18th most bipartisan Senator, Reverend Warnock successfully negotiated investments for Georgia businesses to grow jobs in state and end our reliance on foreign countries like China, capped the cost of insulin for seniors to $35 a month, fought to keep open the Savannah Combat Readiness Training Center, and took on the shipping companies and big corporations making record prices while increasing costs for Georgians."[2]
Walker, a businessman and a Hall of Fame professional football player, represented the U.S. in the 1992 Olympics. Walker's campaign said that, if elected, Walker "[would] lower taxes and curb inflation, back law enforcement and fight back against crime. He [would] secure our border from drugs and illegal immigrants and take men out of women’s sports."[3] Walker also criticized President Joe Biden's (D) record on economic and social issues, and accused Warnock's of sharing Biden's priorities. "I am running because [Warnock] and Joe Biden are the same,” Walker said.[4]
This was the third Georgia U.S. Senate election runoff in two consecutive election cycles. In 2020, Georgia held two elections for the U.S. Senate. In the regular election, incumbent U.S. Sen. David Perdue (R) and Jon Ossoff (D) advanced to a runoff after neither received the votes to win the general election outright. In the special election to replace U.S. Sen. Johnny Isakson (R), Warnock and incumbent Sen. Kelly Loeffler (R)—whom Gov. Brian Kemp (R) appointed to fill the vacancy created when Isakson retired—also went to a runoff. The runoffs occurred on January 5, 2021. [5][6][7]
Warnock defeated Loeffler and Ossoff defeated Perdue, giving Democrats an effective majority in the U.S. Senate (the partisan split following the runoffs was 50-50, with Vice President Kamala Harris (D) casting tie-breaking votes).
Unlike the 2021 runoffs, the 2022 runoff did not determine control of the U.S. Senate. Democrats won 50 Senate seats in the November 8 general election, enough to maintain effective control of the chamber.
According to the office of Georgia’s Secretary of State, 3.5 million Georgians voted in the 2022 runoff election. That number was 25% less than 2021, when 4.5 million Georgians cast their ballots in the runoffs.[8][9] To read more about voter turnout in the runoff, click here.
The 2022 runoff election was the most expensive Senate election of 2022. According to data from Open Secrets, candidate campaign committees and satellite spending groups spent $417 million on the Georgia U.S. Senate election. The race also ranked as the second most expensive Senate race ever, ahead of the 2020 special election between Warnock and Loeffler, and behind only the 2020 general election between Ossoff and Perdue.[10][11]
As a result of a change in Georgia state law, the 2022 runoffs took place on December 6, not January 5. On March 25, 2021, Gov. Kemp signed Senate Bill 202, which shortened the time between a general election and a runoff from nine weeks to four.[12][13]
Including the 2021 runoffs, four Senate runoffs have taken place in Georgia. The first Senate runoff occurred in 1992. Incumbent Wyche Fowler (D) lost to Paul Coverdell (R) in that election. In 2008, incumbent Saxby Chambliss (R) won re-election after defeating Jim Martin (D) in a runoff.[14][15]
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- United States Senate election in Georgia, 2022 (May 24 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Georgia, 2022 (May 24 Republican primary)
Election news
This section includes a timeline of events leading up to the election.
December 6 runoff election news
November 8 general election news
Candidates and election results
General runoff election
General runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia
Incumbent Raphael Warnock defeated Herschel Walker in the general runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia on December 6, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Raphael Warnock (D) | 51.4 | 1,820,633 | |
| Herschel Walker (R) | 48.6 | 1,721,244 | ||
| Total votes: 3,541,877 | ||||
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General election
General election for U.S. Senate Georgia
Incumbent Raphael Warnock and Herschel Walker advanced to a runoff. They defeated Chase Oliver in the general election for U.S. Senate Georgia on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Raphael Warnock (D) | 49.4 | 1,946,117 | |
| ✔ | Herschel Walker (R) | 48.5 | 1,908,442 | |
| Chase Oliver (L) | 2.1 | 81,365 | ||
| Total votes: 3,935,924 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- George Litchfield (Conservative Party)
- Annette Davis Jackson (R)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Georgia
Incumbent Raphael Warnock defeated Tamara Johnson-Shealey in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Georgia on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Raphael Warnock | 96.0 | 702,610 | |
| Tamara Johnson-Shealey | 4.0 | 28,984 | ||
| Total votes: 731,594 | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Georgia
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Georgia on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Herschel Walker | 68.2 | 803,560 | |
| Gary Black | 13.4 | 157,370 | ||
Latham Saddler ![]() | 8.9 | 104,471 | ||
Josh Clark ![]() | 4.0 | 46,693 | ||
| Kelvin King | 3.2 | 37,930 | ||
| Jonathan McColumn | 2.4 | 28,601 | ||
| Total votes: 1,178,625 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- James Nestor (R)
- Jared Craig (R)
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Georgia
Georgia runoff FAQs
Last updated November 22, 2022
On March 25, 2021, Gov. Brian Kemp signed the Election Integrity Act of 2021 (SB202) into law. Key provisions of the new law changed the way runoff elections are conducted in Georgia.[79] This section includes answers to common questions regarding changes brought by the new law, as well as answers to other frequently asked questions regarding Georgia runoffs.
Why is Georgia holding runoffs for U.S. Senate?
Why is the 2022 runoff scheduled for a different date than the 2021 runoffs?
If I didn't vote in the general election, can I still vote in the runoff?
If I wasn't registered to vote before the November election, can I register for the runoff?
Can I vote early?
Can I vote by mail?
Why does this race matter?
Wasn't there an election for this seat last year? Why is there another one in 2022?
Is it common for a U.S. Senate race in Georgia to advance to a runoff?
Does any other state hold general election runoffs for Congress elections?
Why is Georgia holding runoffs for U.S. Senate?
- Georgia's legislature passed a law in the 1960s requiring runoffs for general elections in which no candidate receives a majority of the vote.[80] The top two finishers in the general election advance to the runoff. Runoff elections are required for all congressional, state executive, and state legislative elections in which a candidate does not receive a majority in the general election.[81]
Why is the 2022 runoff scheduled for a different date than the 2021 runoffs?
- The Election Integrity Act of 2021 shortened the time between a general election and a runoff from nine weeks to 28 days. That's why the 2021 runoffs took place on January 5, while the 2022 runoff took place on December 6. [82]
If I didn't vote in the general election, can I still vote in the runoff?
- Yes, you can.[83]
If I wasn't registered to vote before the November election, can I register for the runoff?
- No. In order to vote in the December 6 runoff, you must have registered by November 7, 2022.[84]
- The Election Integrity Act of 2021 (SB202) states that the runoff election must take place on the 28th day after the general election. Voters must register to vote at least 30 days before an election, leaving no window to register between the general election and the runoff election.[85]
Can I vote early?
- Yes. Early in-person voting began on November 26, 2022, in some counties, and on November 28, 2022, in all counties. It ended on December 2, 2022.[86][87] Find early voting locations here.
Can I vote by mail?
- Yes. Most Georgia voters who wanted to vote by mail needed to request an absentee ballot. Click here for information on submitting a request online, by mail, by fax, or in person. Absentee ballots needed to be requested by November 28, 2022.[88] Voted absentee ballots needed to be received by December 6.
Do I need to present an ID in order to vote
- Yes. Georgia requires voters to present photo identification while voting. Click here to view the Georgia Secretary of State's page on accepted IDs.
Why does this race matter?
- Following the November 8, 2022, elections, Democrats secured 50 seats[89] in the Senate, enough to win effective control of the chamber. If Warnock won the runoff, Democrats would expand their majority to 51. If Walker won the runoff, the Senate would remain evenly split at 50-50, with Vice-President Kamala Harris (D) casting tie-breaking votes. To read more about what's at stake, click here.
Wasn't there an election for this seat last year? Why is there another one in 2022?
- In 2020, Warnock and then-incumbent Sen. Kelly Loeffler ran in a special election to fill the remainder of Sen. Johnny Isakson's (R) term, set to end on January 3, 2023. Isakson had resigned for health reasons in 2019, and Gov. Brian Kemp (R) had appointed Loeffler to replace him until a special election could be held. Warnock and Loeffler advanced to a runoff on January 5, 2021, after neither candidate won more than 50% of the vote on November 3. Warnock defeated Loeffler in the runoff, becoming the first Democrat to represent Georgia in the U.S. Senate since 2005.[5][6][7]
- This year's election is for a full six-year term ending in January 2027.
Is it common for a U.S. Senate race in Georgia to advance to a runoff?
- It has happened more frequently in recent years. In 2020, two U.S. Senate races advanced to a runoff. Jon Ossoff (D) defeated incumbent Sen. David Perdue (R) in the regular election runoff, and Raphael Warnock (D) defeated incumbent Kelly Loeffler (R) in the special election runoff.
- Two other Senate runoffs took place before those. In 2008, Saxby Chambliss (R) won re-election in a runoff. The first Senate runoff occurred in 1992. Incumbent Wyche Fowler (D) lost in the runoff.
Does any other state hold general election runoffs for Congress elections?
- The only state with anything similar is Louisiana. There, all candidates running for a local, state, or federal office appear on the same ballot in either October (in odd-numbered years) or November (in even-numbered years), regardless of their partisan affiliations. If a candidate wins a simple majority of all votes cast for the office, he or she wins the election outright. If no candidate meets that threshold, the top two finishers, regardless of their partisan affiliations, advance to a second election in December.
Turnout analysis
- Last updated at 12:00 p.m. on December 15, 2022.
The office of Georgia’s Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger reported that 3.5 million Georgians voted in the 2022 runoff election for U.S. Senate. That number was 25% less than two years before, when 4.5 million Georgians cast their ballots in the runoffs that took place on January 5, 2021.[8][9]
In 2022, 44.7% of all registered voters voted in the runoff, down 13.5% from 2021, when 58.2% of all registered voters voted in the runoff.[90][91][92]
Runoff turnout as a percentage of general election turnout
Turnout for the runoff was 89.8% of the November 8 general election turnout, in which 3.9 million Georgians voted. That was a decline from 2021, when the runoff turnout was 91.3% of the general election turnout, in which 4.9 million people voted.[93][94]
At the county level, turnout in the runoff was lower than turnout in the Nov. 8 general election in every county except for one - Johnson County.
How Georgians voted
More than 1.9 million voters cast their ballots early in 2022, including 1.7 million who voted early in person and over 188 thousand voters who voted absentee by mail. That number is 48% less than 2021, when 3.1 million Georgians voted early, including 2.1 million who did so in person and 1.1 million who voted absentee by mail.[8][9]
In 2022, over 1.6 million Georgians voted on Election Day, 20.7% more than in 2021, when 1.3 million voters did so.[8][9]
Media analysis and commentary
Post-election
After the election, media observers from different outlets offered their views on the factors that influenced the outcome of the runoffs. Four factors were frequently cited: turnout, early voting, fundraising, and candidate quality.
Below you will find a curated selection of quotes and commentary from media observers on those four factors.
Turnout
| “ |
Statewide turnout in the runoff was roughly 89 percent of what it was in November, with more than 3.5 million voters casting ballots this time. High turnout does not inherently benefit one candidate or the other. But Walker, who had trailed slightly in the November election, needed relatively higher turnout in GOP-friendly counties compared to Democratic-leaning ones. That did not substantially materialize. Johnson County, Walker’s home turf in east central Georgia, was the only county that saw more ballots cast in December compared to November. But it did not work out to Walker’s benefit — Warnock actually increased his vote share there slightly. Most importantly for Warnock, Democratic strongholds in metro Atlanta saw relatively high turnout. In DeKalb County, turnout was higher than the state average. It was slightly lower in Clayton and Fulton counties, but Warnock improved his margin slightly in both, offsetting turnout losses.[95] |
” |
| —Jessica Piper, Politico (December 8, 2022)[96] | ||
| “ |
The one trend impossible to miss Tuesday night as returns came in were the large urban counties across the state where U.S. Sen. Raphael Warnock posted wider margins than he did in November. Those included Bibb County, where Warnock increased his margin from 23.9% over Walker grew to a 25.3% point lead, and Muscogee County, where the Democrat expanded his margin by nearly four percentage points, The same trend showed up in counties like Clarke, Richmond, and Rockdale. At the same time, Herschel Walker was still picking up most of the rural counties he won last month, but with smaller margins of victory in crucial GOP strongholds like Paulding, Glynn, Tift, and Thomas counties. Add Walker’s missed targets Tuesday night to the one-point race he trailed Warnock by in November, and you’ve got the roughly 2% margin Walker lost by in the end.[95] |
” |
| —Patricia Murphy, Greg Bluestein, and Tia Mitchell, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (December 7, 2022)[97] | ||
Early voting
| “ |
Georgia’s runoff results highlighted once again the recent partisan polarization of methods of voting. Since 2020, Republican leaders, including former President Donald Trump, have expressed skepticism of early and absentee voting methods — although a number of Republican leaders other than Trump appear to be rethinking that opposition after losses in Georgia and elsewhere. Democrats’ dominated both those types of voting during the runoff, with Warnock winning more than 58 percent support from those who cast their ballots either early or by mail. That reflected in part the demographic groups more likely to vote early: Black voters accounted for 31.8 percent of those who cast their ballots ahead of Election Day, several percentage points higher than in November. Despite records set in the first few days of early voting, there was still significantly less total early voting than in the January 2021 runoffs, when the early voting period was longer and overall turnout — including Election Day voting — topped 4.4 million, compared to only 3.5 million this year. But the early and absentee vote still allowed Warnock to build a lead of more than 320,000 votes, which Walker was unable to overcome on Election Day. The GOP nominee won the Election Day vote by around 225,000 votes, not enough to put him over the top.[95] |
” |
| —Jessica Piper, Politico (December 8, 2022)[96] | ||
| “ |
Warnock amassed an early vote lead that even strong election day turnout by more Republican-leaning voters couldn’t topple. Democrats across the country did the same thing just one month ago. It used to be that Republicans embraced these methods with gladness. My Republican parents in Tennessee always voted early for as long as I can remember. But as Trump cast doubt on absentee ballots and urged Election Day turnout, any advantage Republicans ultimately dissipated. Many Republican leaders have encouraged it in spite of Trump, but even in this runoff there was a baffling effort by Georgia Republicans to block Saturday early voting on the weekend after Thanksgiving. Instead, Republicans should have been urging their voters to turn out when they had wrapped up all their family time, turkey eating and Black Friday shopping. A myriad of things could go wrong to stop a voter from getting to the polls on Election Day – and bad weather in Nevada in November may have helped Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto hang on as she too had built up a lead in early voting. A banked vote is always best.[95] |
” |
| —Amy Walter, The Cook Political Report (December 7, 2022)[98] | ||
Fundraising
| “ |
Walker was one of the best fundraisers among Republican Senate candidates. But Warnock was just so far and above him (and almost every other Democratic candidate) for the past two cycles. In 2020 and 2022 combined, Warnock has raised nearly $332 million. That candidate advantage enabled him to get the cheapest ad rates that Walker and help from GOP outside groups simply couldn’t match. Democrats’ fundraising juggernaut continued this cycle, and Republicans must find a way to counter it going forward.[95] |
” |
| —Amy Walter, The Cook Political Report (December 7, 2022)[98] | ||
| “ |
Walker had the bad fortune to go up against Warnock, a relatively popular incumbent and a fundraising behemoth. In fact, Warnock had so much money that he was able to spend it reaching out to voters in parts of the state that would normally never even consider voting for a Democrat. Selden Deemer of Lumpkin County, a rare Democratic-leaning independent who cast a ballot for both Warnock and Republican Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger in the general election, said he received more Warnock mailers than Walker mailers in the lead-up to the runoff. And Lumpkin County, he said, feels very far from the safely blue Democratic enclaves like Fulton, Cobb, Gwinnett and DeKalb counties.[95] |
” |
| —Alex Samuels, FiveThirtyEight (December 8, 2022)[99] | ||
Candidate quality
| “ |
While some political truisms in the Trump era once appeared to have gone out the window, Walker shows us that candidates still matter and split-ticket voters still exist. And there was no better evidence that this was an indictment on the Republican nominee and not more mainstream non-MAGA Republicans as a whole given that Walker ran far behind Gov. Brian Kemp and every other statewide GOP official in the state, all of whom won their races outright on November 8. Kemp and those Republican officials focused more of their message on economic issues, while Walker kept doubling down on base-motivating social issues. Kemp lent his efforts to help Walker in the runoff, and without that assistance, it’s likely Warnock’s victory would have been even wider. [95] |
” |
| —Amy Walter, The Cook Political Report (December 7, 2022)[98] | ||
| “ |
[...] Prior to November, [Walker] was beset with numerous controversies, including allegations that he encouraged and/or paid for multiple women to terminate their pregnancies (which Walker denies), despite once campaigning on a platform that included a total ban on abortions. And in the lead-up to Tuesday, CNN reported that Walker is receiving a tax exemption on his home in Texas meant for primary residents of the state, while running for Senate in Georgia. So one takeaway from this race has nothing to do with the fundamental makeup of Georgia. It’s simply that parties need to avoid nominating problematic candidates.[95] |
” |
| —Alex Samuels, FiveThirtyEight (December 8, 2022)[99] | ||
| “ |
Mr. Walker’s problems were especially acute in metropolitan Atlanta, where voters tend to be wealthier and more educated. During the general election in Fulton County, for instance, he lagged the vote total of Gov. Brian Kemp, a fellow Republican, by a larger margin than his entire statewide gap with Mr. Warnock.[95] |
” |
| —Blake Hounshell, The New York Times (December 7, 2022)[100] | ||
Pre-election
Ahead of the election, some media observers focused on the stakes of the race and the difference in which a Senate with a 51-seat Democratic majority would operate differently than one with a 50-50 split. Others wrote about the messaging and strategy being deployed by both campaigns on the ground in Georgia. Below is a curated list of quotes and commentary from media observers focusing on themes.
What was at stake?
The Cook's Political Report's Jessica Taylor compared the stakes of the December 6 runoff with that of 2021 runoffs.[101]
| “ |
[...] The December 6 rematch between Democratic Sen. Raphael Warnock and GOP nominee Herschel Walker now carries much less weight than the dual 2020 runoffs — which ultimately cemented Democratic control of the Senate. This time around, Democrats are already guaranteed a majority of at least 50-50, but they're looking now to defend their last vulnerable incumbent and increase their majority by one seat — a herculean task they've already shown they can accomplish despite historic midterm trends working against them. ... That isn't to say the stakes aren't important for who wins. Hobbled at times by their tied majority for the past two years, a 51-49 majority would give Democratic Majority Leader Chuck Schumer more flexibility in votes and no longer require a power-sharing agreement on committees. And Vice President Kamala Harris could make fewer trips to Capitol Hill for tie-breaking votes.[95] |
” |
Vox's Ellen Ioanes wrote the following about how a 51-seat Democratic majority could alter the dynamics inside the party's caucus:[102]
| “ |
If Warnock keeps his seat, Democrats won’t have to depend on Vice President Kamala Harris to cast a tie-breaking vote, and they would have more leverage over Sens. Joe Manchin (WV) and Kyrsten Sinema (AZ), the more conservative members of the party, in order to get legislation passed. Manchin and Sinema both put up guardrails to Biden’s signature legislation, the Build Back Better Act. That legislation, in a greatly reduced form, passed as the Inflation Reduction Act, with both senators’ vote; however, monumental parts of the legislation, like free universal pre-kindergarten, had to be abandoned. There’s also more breathing room for Democrats if Warnock wins his race, should there be any vacancies or absences, as in January when Sen. Ben Ray Luján of New Mexico suffered a stroke ahead of the crucial vote to confirm Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court. Democrats won’t be able to do everything they want — that means the filibuster will probably remain in place, and Biden’s promise to enshrine abortion protections into law probably won’t come to fruition in a divided Congress.[95] |
” |
Reuters' Richard Cowan described how a Democratic win would give that party more control over Senate committees in the 118th Congress.[103]
| “ |
Because of the 50-50 Senate divide, committee memberships are currently doled out evenly. These committees oversee a range of federal programs, from the military and agriculture to homeland security, transportation, healthcare and foreign affairs. Tied votes in committees on legislation or presidential nominations block, at least temporarily, such measures from advancing to the full Senate. It takes time-consuming procedural maneuvers to break the committee deadlock so that the full chamber can pass bottled-up bills and nominations. A Warnock win, would give Democrats at least one more member on each committee than Republicans, making it harder for Republicans to stand in the way of Biden's agenda. That could also provide Democrats with a stronger counter-balance to House Republicans, allowing Senate committees to advance more liberal legislation and nominees that, in turn, could help energize their core voters in the 2024 elections.[95] |
” |
Politico's Ryan Lizza wrote about how the outcome could affect which party gains control of the Senate after the 2024 elections.[104]
| “ |
The Senate map in two years favors Republicans. By keeping control of the Senate and possibly expanding it by one vote, Democrats start the next cycle in a much more advantageous position. There is no longer any talk that the GOP could get to a filibuster-proof 60 votes in 2024. And as majority leader, Schumer will have the power to protect his vulnerable incumbents and keep them from unpopular votes that they might have been forced to take in a McConnell-led Senate.[95] |
” |
Messaging and strategy
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution's Greg Bluestein wrote that both campaigns were using similar messaging in the runoffs as they did in the runup to the November election:[105]
| “ |
Normally, runoff elections are focused on turning out the base rather than appealing to swing voters. But the rare split-ticket dynamic in Georgia, fueled by voter concerns about Walker’s history of violent behavior and other personal baggage, has led to a more innovative approach. On the campaign trail, Warnock has continued to emphasize his bipartisan record by promoting his work on modest proposals with GOP lawmakers such as Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio. And Warnock’s campaign this week launched a statewide ad featuring Lynn Whittenburg, a North Georgia voter who said in the 30-second spot that she’s voted Republican for most of her life and was “proud” to back Kemp. ... Walker also hasn’t veered far from his strategy, which involves hammering Warnock on his ties to President Joe Biden and revving up conservative voters by bringing up transgender policies, crackdowns on illegal immigration and culture war issues. His campaign calls it the “last fight of ‘22.” But he also will spotlight a powerful weapon intended to blunt the split-ticket trend: a full-throated endorsement from Kemp, who plans to join him on the campaign trail.[95] |
” |
On outreach and turnout, Axios' Emma Hurt said that Walker will benefit from Gov. Brian Kemp's campaign infrastructure, while Warnock will invest heavily in field organizing.[106]
| “ |
Walker has a tremendous new tool at his disposal: the door-knocking, absentee ballot program and modeling infrastructure that Gov. Brian Kemp's campaign spent millions building for itself and deployed to secure a nearly 8-point victory. The Mitch McConnell-aligned Senate Leadership Fund is now funding the operation on Walker's behalf to the tune of $2 million. [...] Warnock's campaign, meanwhile, is adding 300 paid staffers (for a total of more than 900) and new ground game offices in key urban and suburban counties. The campaign tells Axios it plans to knock on more doors during the runoff than it did in the four months before the general election. The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee is also spending $7 million on runoff field organizing.[95] |
” |
The New York Times' Maya King wrote about each campaign's efforts to gain support in the Atlanta suburbs.[107]
| “ |
Mr. Warnock’s campaign is focusing on turning out Georgia’s Democratic base while garnering support from people who voted for Gov. Brian Kemp, a Republican, but did not support Mr. Walker, particularly those in Atlanta’s suburbs. The campaign is also aiming to cut into Mr. Walker’s gains in conservative counties that he narrowly won. Mr. Walker, however, is spending the runoff period trying to close that gap in support between his and Mr. Kemp’s campaigns. Over the past two weeks, he has spent more time campaigning in Atlanta’s suburbs, home to many college-educated conservatives.[95] |
” |
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: Yes
Biography: Raphael Warnock received a Ph.D. from Union Theological Seminary, as well as two master’s degrees in divinity and philosophy. He also received a bachelor's degree from Morehouse College in 1991. Warnock has served as the pastor of several churches, including Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem, New York, Douglas Memorial Community Church in Baltimore, Maryland, and Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. Warnock also served as the chairman of the board of directors of the New Georgia Project. He was elected to represent Georgia in the U.S. Senate in 2020.
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Georgia in 2022.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Biography: Walker is a Hall of Fame professional football player who attended the University of Georgia. He also represented the U.S. in the 1992 Olympics and has owned two food-supply businesses. Former President Donald Trump (R) appointed Walker as chairman of the Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition in 2018.
Show sources
Sources: Herschel Walker for Senate, "Home," accessed May 1, 2022; Herschel Walker campaign website, “About Herschel,” accessed August 10, 2022; Politifact, "The race for the Georgia U.S. Senate seat: A guide," April 8, 2022; Politifact, "The race for the Georgia U.S. Senate seat: A guide," April 8, 2022
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Georgia in 2022.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
No candidate in this race completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey.
Campaign advertisements
This section includes a selection of up to three campaign advertisements per candidate released in this race, as well as links to candidates' YouTube, Vimeo, and/or Facebook video pages. If you are aware of other links that should be included, please email us.
Raphael Warnock
| December 2, 2022 |
| November 21, 2022 |
| November 27, 2022 |
View more ads here:
Herschel Walker
| November 27, 2022 |
| November 23, 2022 |
| November 14, 2022 |
View more ads here:
Debates and forums
This section includes links to debates, forums, and other similar events where multiple candidates in this race participated. If you are aware of any debates or forums that should be included, please email us.
- On October 14, 2022, Warnock and Walker participated in a debate hosted by Nexstar Media at the J.W. Marriott Hotel in Savannah, GA. Marc Caputo and Sahil Kapur of NBC News wrote about the event, “Democratic Sen. Raphael Warnock and Republican challenger Herschel Walker met Friday for their first and only debate in a brutally competitive Georgia Senate race, clashing over abortion and inflation, but agreeing that the 2020 election was legitimately won by President Joe Biden. The debate was marked by frequent interruptions by Walker, a first-time political candidate, who sought to portray the Democratic incumbent as a creature of Washington who votes with Biden too often. Warnock defended his votes on a sweeping climate and health care bill and gun violence prevention legislation during his two years in the Senate.”[56][57]
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[109] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[110] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
Below we provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, when available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation. We only report polls for which we can find a margin of error or credibility interval.
December 6 runoff polls
Below you will find polls conducted after the November 8 general election, and ahead of the December 6 runoff.
| U.S. Senate election in Georgia, 2022: Runoff polls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date | Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[111] | Sponsor[112] | ||
| Trafalgar Group | December 3-5, 2022 | 51% | 47% | 2% | ± 2.9 | 1,099 LV | N/A |
| Data for Progress | December 1-5, 2022 | 51% | 49% | -- | ± 3 | 1,229 LV | N/A |
| Mitchell Research & Communications | December 4, 2022 | 50% | 45% | 5% | ± 3.6 | 625 LV | N/A |
| Landmark Communications, Inc. | December 4, 2022 | 52% | 47% | 1% | ± 3.5 | 800 LV | N/A |
| InsiderAdvantage | November 26-30, 2022 | 51% | 48% | 1% | ± 3.6 | 750 LV | Fox5 |
| Survey USA | November 26-30, 2022 | 50% | 47% | 3% | ± 3.6 | 1,214 LV | WXIA-TV Atlanta |
| Emerson College Polling | November 26-27, 2022 | 51% | 49% | -- | ± 3.2 | 888 LV | The Hill |
| CNN | November 25-29, 2022 | 52% | 48% | -- | ± 3.8 | 1,184 LV | CNN |
| The Phillips Academy | November 28-30, 2022 | 47% | 48% | 5% | ± 3.3 | 862 LV | |
| Frederick Polls | November 23-26, 2022 | 50% | 50% | -- | ± 3.1 | 939 LV | COMPETE_, AMM Political Strategies |
November 8 general election polls
Below you will find polls conducted before the November 8 general election.
| Click [show] to see pre-November 8 general election poll results | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Date | Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[113] | Sponsor[114] | |||
| Insider Advantage | November 6, 2022 | 47 % | 49 % | 1 % | 4 %[115] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | Fox 5 |
| Landmark Communications | November 4-7, 2022 | 46.4 % | 46.8 % | 4.5 % | 2.3 %[116] | ± 2.8 | 1,214 LV | Atlanta News First |
| Trafalgar Group | November 4-6, 2022 | 46.5 % | 49.7 % | 2.2 % | 1.7 %[117] | ± 2.9 | 1,103 LV | |
| Data For Progress | November 2-6, 2022 | 48 % | 49 % | 3 % | — | ± 3.0 | 1,474 LV | |
| ECU | November 2-5, 2022 | 49 % | 49 % | 2 % | — | ± 3.5 | 1,077 LV | |
| Remington Research Group | November 1-2, 2022 | 45 % | 49 % | 2 % | 2 %[118] | ± 2.8 | 1,150 LV | Atlanta News First |
| Marist | October 31 - November 2, 2022 | 48 % | 48 % | — | 4 %[119] | ± 4.2 | 1,009 LV | |
| Survey USA | October 29 - November 2, 2022 | 49 % | 43 % | 3 % | 5 %[120] | ± 3.7 | 1,171 LV | 11 Alive Atlanta |
| Emerson College | October 28-31, 2022 | 49.1 % | 46.8 % | 1.0 % | 3.1 %[121] | ± 3.0 | 1,000 LV | The Hill |
| Insider Advantage | October 27, 2022 | 45 % | 48 % | 2 % | 2 %[122] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | Fox 5 |
| Siena College | October 24-27, 2022 | 49 % | 46 % | 1 % | 4 %[123] | ± 4.8 | 604 LV | The New York Times |
| Rasmussen Reports | October 23-24, 2022 | 43 % | 48 % | — | 8 %[124] | ± 3.0 | 1,053 LV | “The Absolute Truth” |
| Trafalgar Group | October 21-23, 2022 | 46.5 % | 48.9 % | 4.6 % | — | ± 2.9 | 1,076 LV | The Daily Wire |
| Landmark Communications | October 15-17, 2022 | 46.1 % | 46.0 % | 3.4 % | 1.6 %[125] | ± 4.4 | 500 LV | Atlanta News First |
| Insider Advantage | October 16, 2022 | 46 % | 44 % | 4 % | 6%[126] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | |
| ECU | October 13-18, 2022 | 47 % | 49 % | 3 % | 2 %[127] | ± 3.8 | 905 LV | |
| Data For Progress | October 13-17, 2022 | 48 % | 47 % | 3 % | 3 %[128] | ± 3.0 | 984 LV | |
| Trafalgar Group | October 8-11, 2022 | 46.3 % | 44.8 % | 3.7 % | 5.3 %[129] | ± 2.9 | 1,084 LV | |
| Quinnipiac University | October 7-10, 2022 | 52% | 45 % | - | 2 %[130] | ± 2.9 | 1,157 LV | |
| Emerson College | October 6-7, 2022 | 48 % | 46 % | - | 5 %[131] | ± 3.0 | 1,000 LV | The Hill |
| Insider Advantage | October 4, 2022 | 47 % | 44 % | 3 % | 6 %[132] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | Fox 5 Atlanta |
| Survey USA | September 30-October 4, 2022 | 50 % | 38 % | — | 12 %[133] | ± 3.7 | 1,076 LV | 11 Alive News/WXIA-TV Atlanta |
| Atlanta Journal-Constitution | September 25 - October 4, 2022 | 46.4 % | 43.4 % | 4.1 % | 6.1 %[134] | ± 3.1 | 1,030 LV | |
| Data For Progress | September 16-20, 2022 | 46 % | 46 % | 4 % | 3 %[135] | ± 3.0 | 1,006 LV | |
| CBS News | September 14-19, 2022 | 51 % | 49 % | - | - | ± 4.0 | 1,178 RV | CBS News/YouGov |
| Marist | September 12-15, 2022 | 47 % | 42 % | 4 % | 7 %[136] | ± 4.0 | 992 LV | |
| Quinnipiac | September 8-12, 2022 | 52 % | 46 % | — | 4 %[137] | ± 2.7 | 1,287 LV | |
| Insider Advantage | September 6-7, 2022 | 44 % | 47 % | 4 % | 5 %[138] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | FOX 5 Atlanta |
| Atlanta Journal-Constitution | September 5-16, 2022 | 44 % | 46 % | 3 % | 7 %[139] | ± 3.3 | 861 LV | |
| Emerson College | August 28-29, 2022 | 44 % | 46 % | 4 % | 7 %[140] | ± 3.9 | 600 LV | |
| Trafalgar Group | August 24-27, 2022 | 46.7 % | 47.5 % | 2.9 % | 2.9 %[141] | ± 2.9 | 1,079 LV | |
| Beacon/Shaw & Co. Research | July 22-26, 2022 | 46 % | 42 % | 1 % | 11 %[142] | ± 3.0 | 901 RV | FOX News |
| SurveyUSA | July 21-24, 2022 | 48 % | 39 % | 5 % | 13 %[143] | ± 5.3 | 604 LV | 11 Alive News Atlanta |
| University of Georgia | July 14-22, 2022 | 46 % | 43 % | 3 % | 8 %[144] | ± 3.3 | 902 LV | The Atlanta Journal-Constitution |
| Fabrizio/Anzalone | July 5-11, 2022 | 50 % | 47 % | — | 3 %[145] | ± 4.4 | 1,197 LV | AARP |
The chart below shows RealClearPolitics polling averages in this race over time.
Election spending
According to data from Open Secrets, candidate campaign committees and satellite spending groups spent $491 million in the Georgia U.S. Senate race, making it the most expensive Senate election of 2022. The race also ranked as the second most expensive Senate race ever. As of January 2023, the only U.S. Senate race to see higher spending than the 2022 U.S. Senate election in Georgia was the 2020 Georgia U.S. Senate general election between David Perdue and Jon Ossoff. That race also advanced to a runoff.[146][147]
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[148] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[149] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
| U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
| Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
| April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
| July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
| October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
| Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
| Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
| Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raphael Warnock | Democratic Party | $206,589,342 | $223,498,491 | $5,853,836 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Herschel Walker | Republican Party | $73,748,652 | $68,726,972 | $5,021,681 | As of December 31, 2022 |
| Chase Oliver | Libertarian Party | $14,206 | $8,762 | $1,252 | As of November 28, 2022 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[150][151]
If available, satellite spending reports by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and OpenSecrets.org are linked below. FEC links include totals from monthly, quarterly, and semi-annual reports. OpenSecrets.org compiles data from those reports as well as 24- and 48-hour reports from the FEC.[152]
Details about satellite spending of significant amounts and/or reported by media are included below those links. The amounts listed may not represent the total satellite spending in the election. To notify us of additional satellite spending, email us.
| By candidate | By election |
|---|---|
Election analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
- Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
- State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
Presidential elections
Cook PVI by congressional district
| Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index for Georgia, 2022 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| District | Incumbent | Party | PVI |
| Georgia's 1st | Buddy Carter | R+9 | |
| Georgia's 2nd | Sanford Bishop | D+3 | |
| Georgia's 3rd | Drew Ferguson | R+18 | |
| Georgia's 4th | Hank Johnson | D+27 | |
| Georgia's 5th | Nikema Williams | D+32 | |
| Georgia's 6th | Open | R+11 | |
| Georgia's 7th | Carolyn Bourdeaux / Lucy McBath | D+10 | |
| Georgia's 8th | Austin Scott | R+16 | |
| Georgia's 9th | Andrew Clyde | R+22 | |
| Georgia's 10th | Open | R+15 | |
| Georgia's 11th | Barry Loudermilk | R+11 | |
| Georgia's 12th | Rick Allen | R+8 | |
| Georgia's 13th | David Scott | D+28 | |
| Georgia's 14th | Marjorie Taylor Greene | R+22 | |
2020 presidential results by 2022 congressional district lines
| 2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2022 district lines, Georgia[153] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Joe Biden |
Donald Trump | ||
| Georgia's 1st | 42.6% | 56.0% | ||
| Georgia's 2nd | 54.7% | 44.4% | ||
| Georgia's 3rd | 34.4% | 64.4% | ||
| Georgia's 4th | 78.3% | 20.6% | ||
| Georgia's 5th | 82.6% | 16.2% | ||
| Georgia's 6th | 41.8% | 56.7% | ||
| Georgia's 7th | 62.3% | 36.5% | ||
| Georgia's 8th | 35.7% | 63.3% | ||
| Georgia's 9th | 30.4% | 68.3% | ||
| Georgia's 10th | 37.7% | 61.1% | ||
| Georgia's 11th | 41.5% | 56.8% | ||
| Georgia's 12th | 44.3% | 54.5% | ||
| Georgia's 13th | 79.7% | 19.3% | ||
| Georgia's 14th | 30.7% | 68.1% | ||
2012-2020
How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:
| County-level voting pattern categories | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Democratic | D | D | D | ||||
| Trending Democratic | R | D | D | ||||
| Battleground Democratic | D | R | D | ||||
| New Democratic | R | R | D | ||||
| Republican | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Republican | R | R | R | ||||
| Trending Republican | D | R | R | ||||
| Battleground Republican | R | D | R | ||||
| New Republican | D | D | R | ||||
Following the 2020 presidential election, 45.4% of Georgians lived in one of the state's 122 Solid Republican counties, which voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 35.4% lived in one of 27 Solid Democratic counties. Overall, Georgia was New Democratic, having voted for Mitt Romney (R) in 2012, Donald Trump (R) in 2016, and Joe Biden (D) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Georgia following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.
| Georgia county-level statistics, 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Republican | 122 | 45.4% | |||||
| Solid Democratic | 27 | 35.4% | |||||
| Trending Democratic | 3 | 18.3% | |||||
| Trending Republican | 6 | 0.6% | |||||
| New Republican | 1 | 0.2% | |||||
| Total voted Democratic | 30 | 53.8% | |||||
| Total voted Republican | 129 | 46.2% | |||||
Historical voting trends
Georgia presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 20 Democratic wins
- 10 Republican wins
- 1 other win
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | AI[154] | R | D | D | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | D |
Statewide elections
This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.
U.S. Senate elections
The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Georgia.
| U.S. Senate election results in Georgia | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2020 | 51.0% |
49.0% |
| 2020 | 50.6% |
49.4% |
| 2016 | 54.8% |
41.0% |
| 2014 | 52.9% |
45.2% |
| 2010 | 58.1% |
39.2% |
| Average | 53.5 | 44.8 |
Gubernatorial elections
- See also: Governor of Georgia
The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Georgia.
| Gubernatorial election results in Georgia | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2018 | 50.2% |
48.8% |
| 2014 | 52.7% |
44.9% |
| 2010 | 53.0% |
43.0% |
| 2006 | 58.0% |
38.2% |
| 2002 | 51.4% |
46.3% |
| Average | 53.1 | 44.2 |
State partisanship
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Georgia's congressional delegation as of November 2022.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Georgia, November 2022 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| Republican | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 14 | 16 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Georgia's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.
| State executive officials in Georgia, November 2022 | |
|---|---|
| Office | Officeholder |
| Governor | |
| Lieutenant Governor | |
| Secretary of State | |
| Attorney General | |
State legislature
The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the Georgia General Assembly as of November 2022.
Georgia State Senate
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 22 | |
| Republican Party | 34 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 56 | |
Georgia House of Representatives
| Party | As of November 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 75 | |
| Republican Party | 103 | |
| Independent | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 2 | |
| Total | 180 | |
Trifecta control
As of November 2022, Georgia was a Republican trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.
Georgia Party Control: 1992-2022
Eleven years of Democratic trifectas • Eighteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Demographics
The table below details demographic data in Georgia and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.
| Demographic Data for Georgia | ||
|---|---|---|
| Georgia | United States | |
| Population | 9,687,653 | 308,745,538 |
| Land area (sq mi) | 57,716 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White | 58.6% | 72.5% |
| Black/African American | 31.6% | 12.7% |
| Asian | 4% | 5.5% |
| Native American | 0.4% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Other (single race) | 2.8% | 4.9% |
| Multiple | 2.6% | 3.3% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 9.5% | 18% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate | 87.1% | 88% |
| College graduation rate | 31.3% | 32.1% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income | $58,700 | $62,843 |
| Persons below poverty level | 15.1% | 13.4% |
| Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2010). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2014-2019). | ||
| **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. | ||
Ballot access requirements
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Georgia in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Georgia, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2022 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Georgia | U.S. Senate | Ballot-qualified party | N/A | $5,220.00 | 3/11/2022 | Source |
| Georgia | U.S. Senate | Unaffiliated | 72,336 | $5,220.00 | 7/12/2022 | Source |
Georgia U.S. Senate election history
2020
Regular election (Perdue's seat)
See also: United States Senate election in Georgia, 2020 (Perdue vs. Ossoff runoff)
United States Senate election in Georgia, 2020 (June 9 Democratic primary)
United States Senate election in Georgia, 2020 (June 9 Republican primary)
General runoff election
General runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia
Jon Ossoff defeated incumbent David Perdue in the general runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia on January 5, 2021.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Jon Ossoff (D) ![]() | 50.6 | 2,269,923 | |
| David Perdue (R) | 49.4 | 2,214,979 | ||
| Total votes: 4,484,902 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Georgia
Incumbent David Perdue and Jon Ossoff advanced to a runoff. They defeated Shane Hazel in the general election for U.S. Senate Georgia on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | David Perdue (R) | 49.7 | 2,462,617 | |
| ✔ | Jon Ossoff (D) ![]() | 47.9 | 2,374,519 | |
Shane Hazel (L) ![]() | 2.3 | 115,039 | ||
| Total votes: 4,952,175 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Darrell McGuire (Independent)
- Clifton Kilby (Independent)
- Elbert Bartell (Independent)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Georgia
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Georgia on June 9, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Jon Ossoff ![]() | 52.8 | 626,819 | |
Teresa Tomlinson ![]() | 15.8 | 187,416 | ||
| Sarah Riggs Amico | 11.8 | 139,574 | ||
Maya Dillard Smith ![]() | 8.8 | 105,000 | ||
James Knox ![]() | 4.2 | 49,452 | ||
| Marckeith DeJesus | 3.9 | 45,936 | ||
| Tricia Carpenter McCracken | 2.7 | 32,463 | ||
| Total votes: 1,186,660 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Akhenaten Amun (D)
- Harold Shouse (D)
- Elaine Whigham Williams (D)
- Ted Terry (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Georgia
Incumbent David Perdue advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Georgia on June 9, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | David Perdue | 100.0 | 992,555 | |
| Total votes: 992,555 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- James Jackson (R)
- Michael Jowers (R)
Special election (Isakson's seat)
See also: United States Senate special election in Georgia, 2020 (Loeffler vs. Warnock runoff)
General runoff election
Special general runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia
Raphael Warnock defeated incumbent Kelly Loeffler in the special general runoff election for U.S. Senate Georgia on January 5, 2021.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Raphael Warnock (D) | 51.0 | 2,289,113 | |
| Kelly Loeffler (R) | 49.0 | 2,195,841 | ||
| Total votes: 4,484,954 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
General election
Special general election for U.S. Senate Georgia
The following candidates ran in the special general election for U.S. Senate Georgia on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Raphael Warnock (D) | 32.9 | 1,617,035 | |
| ✔ | Kelly Loeffler (R) | 25.9 | 1,273,214 | |
| Doug Collins (R) | 20.0 | 980,454 | ||
Deborah Jackson (D) ![]() | 6.6 | 324,118 | ||
Matt Lieberman (D) ![]() | 2.8 | 136,021 | ||
| Tamara Johnson-Shealey (D) | 2.2 | 106,767 | ||
| Jamesia James (D) | 1.9 | 94,406 | ||
| Derrick Grayson (R) | 1.0 | 51,592 | ||
| Joy Felicia Slade (D) | 0.9 | 44,945 | ||
| Annette Davis Jackson (R) | 0.9 | 44,335 | ||
Kandiss Taylor (R) ![]() | 0.8 | 40,349 | ||
A. Wayne Johnson (R) ![]() | 0.7 | 36,176 | ||
| Brian Slowinski (L) | 0.7 | 35,431 | ||
Richard Dien Winfield (D) ![]() | 0.6 | 28,687 | ||
Ed Tarver (D) ![]() | 0.5 | 26,333 | ||
| Allen Buckley (Independent) | 0.4 | 17,954 | ||
| John Fortuin (G) | 0.3 | 15,293 | ||
Elbert Bartell (Independent) ![]() | 0.3 | 14,640 | ||
Valencia Stovall (Independent) ![]() | 0.3 | 13,318 | ||
Michael Todd Greene (Independent) ![]() | 0.3 | 13,293 | ||
Rod Mack (Independent) (Write-in) ![]() | 0.0 | 7 | ||
| Total votes: 4,914,368 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
2016
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 54.8% | 2,135,806 | ||
| Democratic | Jim Barksdale | 41% | 1,599,726 | |
| Libertarian | Allen Buckley | 4.2% | 162,260 | |
| Total Votes | 3,897,792 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
77.5% | 447,661 | ||
| Derrick Grayson | 12% | 69,101 | ||
| Mary Kay Bacallao | 10.5% | 60,898 | ||
| Total Votes | 577,660 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
53.7% | 166,627 | ||
| Cheryl Copeland | 42.2% | 130,822 | ||
| John Coyne | 4.1% | 12,604 | ||
| Total Votes | 310,053 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State |
||||
2014
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 52.89% | 1,358,088 | ||
| Democratic | Michelle Nunn | 45.21% | 1,160,811 | |
| Libertarian | Amanda Swafford | 1.90% | 48,862 | |
| Total Votes | 2,567,761 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
75% | 246,369 | ||
| Steen Miles | 12% | 39,418 | ||
| Branko Radulovacki | 9.7% | 31,822 | ||
| Todd Robinson | 3.4% | 11,101 | ||
| Total Votes | 328,710 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
50.9% | 245,725 | ||
| Jack Kingston | 49.1% | 237,193 | ||
| Total Votes | 482,918 | |||
| Source: Results via Associated Press |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
30.6% | 185,466 | ||
| 25.8% | 156,157 | |||
| Karen Handel | 22% | 132,944 | ||
| Phil Gingrey | 10% | 60,735 | ||
| Paul Broun | 9.6% | 58,297 | ||
| Derrick Grayson | 1% | 6,045 | ||
| Art Gardner | 0.9% | 5,711 | ||
| Total Votes | 605,355 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State |
||||
2010
On November 2, 2010, Johnny Isakson won re-election to the United States Senate. He defeated Michael "Mike" Thurmond (D), Chuck Donovan (L), Steve Davis (I), Raymond Beckworth (I) and Brian Russell Brown (I) in the general election.[155]
| United States Senate Democratic Primary, 2010 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | 84.3% | 297,226 | ||
| Democratic | R. J. Hadley | 15.7% | 55,159 | |
| Total Votes | 352,385 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State | ||||
| United States Senate Republican Primary, 2010 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | 100% | 558,298 | ||
| Total Votes | 558,298 | |||
| Source: Georgia Secretary of State | ||||
Previous Senate runoffs
Georgia held runoff elections for U.S. Senate in 1992, 2008, and 2021. Those years also had runoffs for the statewide office of Public Service Commissioner.
The table below shows vote margins in concurrent general elections and runoffs for the two offices, along with percentage changes in turnout and changes in vote margins between the two elections. Data for 1992 and 2008 elections come from FiveThirtyEight, and official results for 2020 and 2021 come from the Georgia Secretary of State office.[156][157]
Runoffs for public service commissioner that did not occur alongside a U.S. Senate runoff are not included.
2022 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This election was a battleground race. Other 2022 battleground elections included:
- Kentucky's 3rd Congressional District election, 2022 (May 17 Democratic primary)
- New Hampshire's 1st Congressional District election, 2022
- North Carolina's 13th Congressional District election, 2022 (May 17 Republican primary)
- United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 2022 (May 17 Republican primary)
- Wisconsin gubernatorial election, 2022 (August 9 Republican primary)
See also
- United States Senate election in Georgia, 2022
- United States Senate elections, 2022
- U.S. Senate battlegrounds, 2022
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ The New York Times, "Warnock and Walker Head to Runoff in Pivotal Georgia Senate Race," November 9, 2022
- ↑ Reverend Raphael Warnock for U.S. Senate, "MEMO: Why Reverend Warnock Will Win The Runoff," November 10, 2022
- ↑ Herschel for Senate, "GEORGIA VOTERS ARE READY FOR HERSCHEL WALKER," November 7, 2022
- ↑ https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/14/politics/georgia-senate-debate-takeaways/index.html, "CNN," October 15, 2022
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Newsweek, “Walker's Chances of Beating Warnock With 100 Days to Midterm: Polls,” August 11, 2022
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 CNN, “ In Georgia Senate race, Walker and Warnock engage in debate over debates,” August 11, 2022
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Politico, “‘Nobody wants a runoff’: Georgia braces for chance of overtime — again,” August 11, 2022
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, "December 6, 2022," accessed December 7, 2022
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, "January 5, 2021," accessed December 7, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Most Expensive Races," accessed November 30, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Nine of the 10 most expensive Senate races of all time happened in 2020," December 9, 2020
- ↑ Legiscan, "Georgia Senate Bill 202," accessed November 15, 2022
- ↑ The Washington Post, "Georgia’s Senate race is heading to a runoff. Here’s how it will work," November 9, 2022
- ↑ Politico, "Saxby Chambliss wins Georgia runoff," December 2, 2008
- ↑ The Washington Post, "SEN. FOWLER IS DEFEATED IN RUNOFF," November 25, 1992
- ↑ The Trafalgar Group, “GA US Sen Runoff – Dec 2022” December 6, 2022
- ↑ Data for Progress, “Data for Progress” December 6, 2022
- ↑ Mitchell Research & Communications, “Warnock Leads 50%-45% in Georgia Run-of” December 4, 2022
- ↑ Landmark Communications, Inc., “Landmark Communications Senate Runoff Poll” December 5, 2022
- ↑ InsiderAdvantage, “BREAKING: InsiderAdvantage/Fox 5 Survey – Warnock holds slim lead over Walker” December 5, 2022
- ↑ Georgia Secretary of State - Brad Raffensperger, "Data Hub - December 6, 2022 Runoff," December 4, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Most Expensive Races," accessed December 2, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Nine of the 10 most expensive Senate races of all time happened in 2020," December 9, 2020
- ↑ CNN, “CNN Poll: Warnock holds a narrow edge over Walker in final undecided Senate contest” December 2, 2022
- ↑ SurveyUSA, “Results of SurveyUSA Election Poll #26685” December 1, 2022
- ↑ Emerson College Polling, “Georgia 2022: Warnock Holds Slight Edge Over Walker” December 1, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Most Expensive Races," accessed November 30, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Nine of the 10 most expensive Senate races of all time happened in 2020," December 9, 2020
- ↑ Office of the Secretary of State, "Raffensperger: Largest Early Voting Day in History Disproves Voter Suppression Claims," November 29, 2022
- ↑ Frederick Polls, “GA Senate Run-off poll shows 50/50 race with warning signs for Warnock campaign” November 29, 2022
- ↑ The Phillips Academy, “Hot off 100% Senate record, Phillips Academy finds Herschel Walker up by 1% in close Georgia race,” November 28, 2022
- ↑ PBS Newshour, "In-person early voting underway in Georgia runoff election," November 28, 2022
- ↑ 11Alive, "Georgia appellate court allows Saturday voting ahead of U.S. Senate runoff," November 21, 2022
- ↑ The Hill, "Georgia appeals decision allowing early voting this Saturday in Senate runoff," November 21, 2022
- ↑ Superior Court of Fulton County, "ORDER GRANTING DECLARATORY AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF," November 18, 2022
- ↑ Fox News, "McConnell-aligned Senate GOP group shelling out $14 million to boost Herschel Walker in Georgia runoff," November 15, 2022
- ↑ CNN, "Democratic super PAC to put millions behind new Georgia runoff ad as both parties turn focus to key contest," November 12, 2022
- ↑ Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, "Politico," November 10, 2022
- ↑ New York Times, "Warnock and Walker Head to Runoff in Pivotal Georgia Senate Race," November 9, 2022
- ↑ Fox 5 Atlanta, “Kemp, Walker hold leads in major Georgia midterm races in final InsiderAdvantage/FOX 5 poll,” November 7, 2022
- ↑ Scribd, “Landmark Communications Georgia Poll Nov 4 -7th,” accessed November 7, 2022
- ↑ The Trafalgar Group, “Georgia General Statewide Survey November 2022,” accessed November 7, 2022
- ↑ Data For Progress, “Data For Progress Survey November 2-6, 2022,” accessed November 7, 2022
- ↑ ECU, “As Election Nears, Georgia Senate Race Tied 49%-49%; Kemp Leads Abrams by Seven,” accessed November 7, 2022
- ↑ Remington Research Group, “GEORGIA General Election November 2022,” accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ Marist, “Marist Poll of 1,245 Georgia Adults,” accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ Survey USA, “1 in 10 Kemp Voters Cross Over, Vote for Warnock, Rather Than Vote for Walker,” accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ Emerson College Polling, “Georgia 2022: Warnock With Edge Over Walker As Run-Off Election Looms,” November 3, 2022
- ↑ Fox 5 Atlanta, “Kemp, Walker hold leads in major Georgia races in new InsiderAdvantage/FOX 5 Poll,” October 28, 2022
- ↑ The New York Times, “Topline Results from Oct. 2022 Times/Siena Polls in Arizona, Georgia, Nevada and Pennsylvania,” October 31, 2022
- ↑ Rasmussen Reports, “Republicans Kemp, Walker Lead in Key Georgia Races,” October 27, 2022
- ↑ The Daily Wire, “Exclusive Trafalgar/Daily Wire Poll Has Georgia Dems Seeing Red As Walker, Kemp Surge,” October 25, 2022
- ↑ Atlanta News First, “Brian Kemp continues leading Stacey Abrams | U.S. Senate race tied in new Landmark poll,” October 18, 2022
- ↑ Insider Advantage, “InsiderAdvantage Poll: Warnock holds slim lead; Kemp enjoys commanding advantage; Jones ahead in lt. gov.’s race,” October 17, 2022
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, “Georgia - Senate 2022,” accessed October 18, 2022
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 NBC News, "Warnock and Walker clash over abortion, family strife and more in high-stakes Senate debate," October 14, 2022
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 The New York Times, "Walker Barrels Into Georgia Debate and Meets a Controlled Warnock," October 14, 2022
- ↑ ECU Poll, “Georgia: Warnock Up Two Points on Walker, 49-47; Kemp Leads Abrams, 51-44,” accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ Data For Progress, “ Data For Progress: October 13 to 17, 2022,” accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ The Trafalgar Group, “Georgia Statewide General Election Survey October 2022,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ Quinnipiac University Poll, “Georgia Senate Race Unchanged: Warnock Leads Walker 52% - 45%, Quinnipiac University Georgia Poll Finds; Gov Race Between Kemp And Abrams Remains Too Close To Call,” October 12, 2022
- ↑ Emerson College Polling, “Georgia 2022: Sen. Warnock Leads Walker by Two; Gov. Kemp Leads Abrams by Five,” October 11, 2022
- ↑ Fox 5 Atlanta, “FOX 5 Poll: Raphael Warnock leads Herschel Walker after abortion allegations,” October 6, 2022
- ↑ Survey USA, “Results of SurveyUSA Election Poll #26523,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ Atlanta Journal-Constitution, “ New poll: Warnock-Walker close; Kemp builds lead over Abrams,” October 12, 2022
- ↑ Data For Progress, “Poll Results,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ CBS News, “Personal and national factors collide in tight Georgia Senate race — CBS News Battleground Tracker poll,”September 22, 2022
- ↑ Marist poll, “Marist Poll of 1,322 Georgia Adults,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, “AJC poll gives Republicans the edge in most races,” September 20, 2022
- ↑ Quinnipiac University Poll, “GEORGIA GOVERNOR’S RACE: TOO CLOSE TO CALL, QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY GEORGIA POLL FINDS; GEORGIA SENATE RACE: WARNOCK LEADS WALKER 52% – 46%,” September 14, 2022
- ↑ Fox 5 Atlanta, “New InsiderAdvantage/FOX 5 poll: Kemp widens lead over Abrams, Senate race remains tight,” September 8, 2022
- ↑ Emerson College Polling, “Georgia 2022: Walker Holds Two-Point Lead Over Warnock in Tight Senate Race; Kemp Leads Abrams by Four,” August 30, 2022
- ↑ The Trafalgar Group, “Georgia Statewide General Election Survey August 2022,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ Fox 5 Atlanta, “New InsiderAdvantage/FOX 5 poll shows statewide races could head to runoffs,” July 29, 2022
- ↑ Survey USA, “Results of SurveyUSA Election Poll #26419,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, “Georgia - Senate 2022,” accessed September 1, 2022
- ↑ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, “AJC poll: Kemp, Warnock slightly ahead in Georgia’s top races,”July 27, 2022
- ↑ Fabrizio/Anzalone, “AARP Target State Survey,” accessed October 17, 2022
- ↑ NBC news, "How Georgia's new voting law affects the Senate runoff," November 19, 2022
- ↑ The New York Times, "U.S. Files Suit Against Georgia, Charging Bias in Election Laws," August 10, 1990
- ↑ Georgia Code, "Section 21-2-501," accessed November 13, 2020
- ↑ LegiScan, "Bill Text: GA SB202," accessed November 11, 2022
- ↑ The Georgia Voter Guide, "Primary Elections, General Elections, Runoff Elections, Special Elections, and Presidential Preference Primaries. What’s the Difference?" November 22, 2022
- ↑ Georgia.gov, "Runoff Early Voting Starts," accessed November 21, 2022
- ↑ 11Alive, "Can I register to vote before Georgia's Senate runoff election?" November 9, 2022
- ↑ The original start date for early voting was Nov. 28. On November 18, 2022, Fulton County Superior Court Judge Thomas Cox issued a ruling permitting counties to offer early voting starting on November 26.
- ↑ Superior Court of Fulton County, "ORDER GRANTING DECLARATORY AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF," November 18, 2022
- ↑ Georgia.gov, "Georgia Election 2022 (Runoff)," accessed November 21, 2022
- ↑ Including independents who caucus with them
- ↑ The office of the Secretary of State distinguishes between active registered voters and inactive registered voters. We used estimates for all registered voters, active and inactive, to calculate these percentages.
- ↑ ‘’11alive,’’ “How many registered voters in Georgia are there?” December 5, 2022
- ↑ ‘’Atlanta Journal Constitution,’’ “76K new Georgia voters registered before US Senate runoffs,” December 6, 2020
- ↑ Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, "November 8, 2022
- ↑ Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, "November 3, 2020
- ↑ 95.00 95.01 95.02 95.03 95.04 95.05 95.06 95.07 95.08 95.09 95.10 95.11 95.12 95.13 95.14 95.15 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 Politico, "3 numbers that show how Raphael Warnock won the Georgia runoff," December 8, 2022
- ↑ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "The Jolt: Victory for Warnock cements Georgia as battleground state," December 7, 2022
- ↑ 98.0 98.1 98.2 The Cook Political Report, "The Night the Republican Lights Went Out in Georgia," December 7, 2022
- ↑ 99.0 99.1 FiveThirtyEight, "Georgia Can’t Be Reduced To One Political Color," December 8, 2022
- ↑ The New York Times, "5 Georgia Takeaways: Scandals Still Matter, and Trump Faces Blowback," December 7, 2022
- ↑ The Cook Political Report, "Georgia Deja Vu: 2022 Senate Runoff Overview," November 18, 2022
- ↑ Vox, "Democrats kept the Senate. But Georgia is still important.," November 13, 2022
- ↑ Reuters, "Factbox: What's at stake in Georgia's U.S. Senate runoff?" November 28, 2022
- ↑ Politico, "POLITICO Playbook: How a Dem Senate changes the next two years," November 13, 2022
- ↑ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "Why Kemp-Warnock voters will be decisive in Georgia runoff," November 18, 2022
- ↑ Axios, "Walker and Warnock fight waning voter interest in Georgia's Senate runoff," November 18, 2022
- ↑ The New York Times, "Georgia Senate Rivals, With Little Time to Spare, Sprint Toward Runoff," November 19, 2022
- ↑ Ad reported by Shane Goldmacher on November 17, 2022.'’
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 2.3%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 1.7%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidate 1%, Undecided 3%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 5%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidates 0.7%, Undecided 2.4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 2%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidate 4%, Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 1.6%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 6%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 2%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 3%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 5.3%
- ↑ Breakdown: Wouldn’t vote 1%, Undecided 1%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidates 1%, Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidates 1%, Undecided 5%
- ↑ Breakdown: Other candidate 5%, Undecided 7%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 6.1%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 3%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 8%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 4%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 5%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 7%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 8%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 2.9%
- ↑ Breakdown: Wouldn’t vote 2%, Don’t know 9%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 8%
- ↑ Breakdown: Don’t know 8%
- ↑ Breakdown: Undecided 3%
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Most Expensive Races," accessed December 6, 2022
- ↑ Open Secrets, "Nine of the 10 most expensive Senate races of all time happened in 2020," December 9, 2020
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ Amee LaTour, Email correspondence with the Center for Responsive Politics, August 5, 2022
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed September 9, 2022
- ↑ American Independent Party
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Georgia’s Runoffs Will Determine Control Of The Senate. Here’s What We Know So Far," November 11, 2020
- ↑ Georgia Secretary of State, "Official Results," accessed November 24, 2020
= candidate completed the