United States Senate election in Maryland, 2022
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U.S. Senate, Maryland |
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Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
Election details |
Filing deadline: April 15, 2022 |
Primary: July 19, 2022 General: November 8, 2022 |
How to vote |
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Voting in Maryland |
Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic |
Ballotpedia analysis |
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2022 |
See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th Maryland elections, 2022 U.S. Congress elections, 2022 U.S. Senate elections, 2022 U.S. House elections, 2022 |
Voters in Maryland elected one member to the U.S. Senate in the general election on November 8, 2022. The primary was scheduled for July 19, 2022. The filing deadline was April 15, 2022.
The election filled the Class III Senate seat held by Chris Van Hollen (D), who first took office in 2017. The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. Senate in 2022. Democrats retained their majority and gained one net seat, with the Senate's post-election partisan balance at 51 Democrats and 49 Republicans.
Thirty-five of 100 seats were up for election, including one special election.[1] At the time of the election, Democrats had an effective majority, with the chamber split 50-50 and Vice President Kamala Harris (D) having the tie-breaking vote.[2] Of the seats up for election in 2022, Democrats held 14 and Republicans held 21.
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- United States Senate election in Maryland, 2022 (July 19 Republican primary)
- United States Senate election in Maryland, 2022 (July 19 Democratic primary)
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Maryland
Incumbent Chris Van Hollen defeated Chris Chaffee, Scottie Griffin, and Andrew Wildman in the general election for U.S. Senate Maryland on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Chris Van Hollen (D) | 65.8 | 1,316,897 |
Chris Chaffee (R) | 34.1 | 682,293 | ||
![]() | Scottie Griffin (D) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 334 | |
![]() | Andrew Wildman (Independent) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 89 | |
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 2,723 |
Total votes: 2,002,336 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Maryland
Incumbent Chris Van Hollen defeated Michelle Smith in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Maryland on July 19, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Chris Van Hollen | 80.8 | 535,014 |
Michelle Smith ![]() | 19.2 | 127,089 |
Total votes: 662,103 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Maryland
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Maryland on July 19, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Chris Chaffee | 20.8 | 50,514 | |
Lorie Friend ![]() | 14.7 | 35,714 | ||
![]() | John Thormann | 13.7 | 33,290 | |
Joseph Perez ![]() | 10.8 | 26,359 | ||
![]() | George Davis | 8.7 | 21,095 | |
![]() | James Tarantin | 8.4 | 20,514 | |
Reba Hawkins | 7.4 | 18,057 | ||
![]() | Jon McGreevey | 5.8 | 14,128 | |
![]() | Todd Puglisi | 5.6 | 13,550 | |
Nnabu Eze | 4.1 | 9,917 |
Total votes: 243,138 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Voting information
- See also: Voting in Maryland
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
No candidate in this race completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey.
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[3] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[4] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.
U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022 | ||
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Report | Close of books | Filing deadline |
Year-end 2021 | 12/31/2021 | 1/31/2022 |
April quarterly | 3/31/2022 | 4/15/2022 |
July quarterly | 6/30/2022 | 7/15/2022 |
October quarterly | 9/30/2022 | 10/15/2022 |
Pre-general | 10/19/2022 | 10/27/2022 |
Post-general | 11/28/2022 | 12/08/2022 |
Year-end 2022 | 12/31/2022 | 1/31/2023 |
Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chris Van Hollen | Democratic Party | $8,909,484 | $7,158,401 | $2,230,124 | As of December 31, 2022 |
Scottie Griffin | Democratic Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Michelle Smith | Democratic Party | $3,005 | $52,334 | $-1,093 | As of December 31, 2022 |
Chris Chaffee | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
George Davis | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Nnabu Eze | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Lorie Friend | Republican Party | $10,339 | $9,540 | $1,548 | As of December 31, 2022 |
Reba Hawkins | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Jon McGreevey | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Joseph Perez | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Todd Puglisi | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
James Tarantin | Republican Party | $184,872 | $184,871 | $1 | As of December 31, 2022 |
John Thormann | Republican Party | $7,910 | $2,571 | $1,623 | As of June 30, 2022 |
Andrew Wildman | Independent | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[5]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[6][7][8]
Race ratings: U.S. Senate election in Maryland, 2022 | |||||||||
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Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
November 8, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | October 25, 2022 | October 18, 2022 | ||||||
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | |||||
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. |
Ballot access
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Maryland in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Maryland, click here.
Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2022 | ||||||
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State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
Maryland | U.S. Senate | Democratic or Republican | N/A | $290.00 | 4/15/2022 | Source |
Maryland | U.S. Senate | Non-principal party | N/A | $290.00 | 8/3/2022 | Source |
Maryland | U.S. Senate | Unaffiliated | 10,000, or 1% of the total number of voters who are eligible to vote for the office, whichever is less | $290.00 | 8/3/2022 | Source |
Election history
2018
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Maryland
Incumbent Ben Cardin defeated Tony Campbell, Neal Simon, and Arvin Vohra in the general election for U.S. Senate Maryland on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ben Cardin (D) | 64.9 | 1,491,614 |
![]() | Tony Campbell (R) | 30.3 | 697,017 | |
![]() | Neal Simon (Independent) | 3.7 | 85,964 | |
![]() | Arvin Vohra (L) | 1.0 | 22,943 | |
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 2,351 |
Total votes: 2,299,889 (100.00% precincts reporting) | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Maryland
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Maryland on June 26, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ben Cardin | 80.3 | 477,441 |
![]() | Chelsea Manning | 5.8 | 34,611 | |
![]() | Jerry Segal | 3.4 | 20,027 | |
![]() | Debbie Wilson | 3.2 | 18,953 | |
Marcia Morgan | 2.7 | 16,047 | ||
![]() | Lih Young | 1.7 | 9,874 | |
![]() | Richard Vaughn | 1.6 | 9,480 | |
![]() | Erik Jetmir | 1.4 | 8,259 |
Total votes: 594,692 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Mia Mason (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Maryland
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Maryland on June 26, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Tony Campbell | 29.2 | 51,426 |
Chris Chaffee | 24.1 | 42,328 | ||
![]() | Christina Grigorian | 17.5 | 30,756 | |
John Graziani | 8.8 | 15,435 | ||
![]() | Blaine Taylor ![]() | 5.0 | 8,848 | |
![]() | Gerald Smith | 4.3 | 7,564 | |
![]() | Brian Vaeth | 3.1 | 5,411 | |
Evan Cronhardt | 2.5 | 4,445 | ||
Bill Krehnbrink ![]() | 2.0 | 3,606 | ||
Nnabu Eze | 2.0 | 3,442 | ||
Albert Howard | 1.5 | 2,720 |
Total votes: 175,981 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Sam Faddis (R)
- David Pae (R)
2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated Maryland's U.S. Senate race as safely Democratic. In the U.S. Senate race in Maryland, incumbent Barbara Mikulski chose to retire, leaving the seat open in 2016. The election attracted a large number of Democratic, Republican and independent candidates. Chris Van Hollen (D) defeated Kathy Szeliga (R), Arvin Vohra (Libertarian), Margaret Flowers (Green), and several write-in candidates in the general election on November 8, 2016. Van Hollen defeated nine other Democrats to win the nomination, and Szeliga defeated 13 other Republicans in the primary. The primary elections took place on April 26, 2016.[9][10]
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
60.9% | 1,659,907 | |
Republican | Kathy Szeliga | 35.7% | 972,557 | |
Green | Margaret Flowers | 3.3% | 89,970 | |
N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 3,736 | |
Total Votes | 2,726,170 | |||
Source: Maryland State Board of Elections |
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
53.2% | 470,320 | ||
Donna Edwards | 38.9% | 343,620 | ||
Freddie Dickson | 1.7% | 14,856 | ||
Theresa Scaldaferri | 1.5% | 13,178 | ||
Violet Staley | 1.2% | 10,244 | ||
Lih Young | 1% | 8,561 | ||
Charles Smith | 0.9% | 7,912 | ||
Ralph Jaffe | 0.8% | 7,161 | ||
Blaine Taylor | 0.7% | 5,932 | ||
Ed Tinus | 0.3% | 2,560 | ||
Total Votes | 884,344 | |||
Source: Maryland State Board of Elections |
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
35.6% | 135,337 | ||
Chris Chaffee | 13.7% | 52,066 | ||
Chrys Kefalas | 9.6% | 36,340 | ||
Richard Douglas | 7.6% | 29,007 | ||
Dave Wallace | 6.1% | 23,226 | ||
Sean Connor | 5.7% | 21,727 | ||
Lynn Richardson | 5.5% | 20,792 | ||
John Graziani | 4.4% | 16,722 | ||
Greg Holmes | 4.3% | 16,148 | ||
Mark McNicholas | 2.6% | 9,988 | ||
Joseph Hooe | 2.2% | 8,282 | ||
Anthony Seda | 1% | 3,873 | ||
Richard Shawver | 0.8% | 3,155 | ||
Garry Yarrington | 0.8% | 2,988 | ||
Total Votes | 379,651 | |||
Source: Maryland State Board of Elections |
2012
On November 6, 2012, Ben Cardin (D) won re-election in the general election. He defeated a host of challengers, with Dan Bongino (R) coming in second.
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
56% | 1,474,028 | |
Republican | Dan Bongino | 26.3% | 693,291 | |
Libertarian | Dean Ahmad | 1.2% | 32,252 | |
Independent | Rob Sobhani | 16.4% | 430,934 | |
Democratic | Lih Young (Write-in) | 0% | 163 | |
Republican | Mary Podlesak (Write-in) | 0% | 21 | |
Independent | Brandy Baker | 0% | 151 | |
Independent | Ed Tinus | 0% | 48 | |
N/A | Other Write-ins | 0.1% | 2,346 | |
Total Votes | 2,633,234 | |||
Source: Maryland State Board of Elections "U.S. Senator" |
Election analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
- Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
- State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
Presidential elections
Cook PVI by congressional district
Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index for Maryland, 2022 | |||
---|---|---|---|
District | Incumbent | Party | PVI |
Maryland's 1st | Andy Harris | ![]() |
R+11 |
Maryland's 2nd | Dutch Ruppersberger | ![]() |
D+7 |
Maryland's 3rd | John Sarbanes | ![]() |
D+10 |
Maryland's 4th | Open | ![]() |
D+40 |
Maryland's 5th | Steny Hoyer | ![]() |
D+15 |
Maryland's 6th | David Trone | ![]() |
D+2 |
Maryland's 7th | Kweisi Mfume | ![]() |
D+30 |
Maryland's 8th | Jamie Raskin | ![]() |
D+29 |
2020 presidential results by 2022 congressional district lines
2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2022 district lines, Maryland[11] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
District | Joe Biden ![]() |
Donald Trump ![]() | ||
Maryland's 1st | 41.7% | 56.3% | ||
Maryland's 2nd | 59.4% | 38.6% | ||
Maryland's 3rd | 61.7% | 36.2% | ||
Maryland's 4th | 89.6% | 8.7% | ||
Maryland's 5th | 67.4% | 30.9% | ||
Maryland's 6th | 53.9% | 44.1% | ||
Maryland's 7th | 81.0% | 17.5% | ||
Maryland's 8th | 80.5% | 17.9% |
2012-2020
How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:
County-level voting pattern categories | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | |||||||
Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
Solid Democratic | D | D | D | ||||
Trending Democratic | R | D | D | ||||
Battleground Democratic | D | R | D | ||||
New Democratic | R | R | D | ||||
Republican | |||||||
Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
Solid Republican | R | R | R | ||||
Trending Republican | D | R | R | ||||
Battleground Republican | R | D | R | ||||
New Republican | D | D | R |
Following the 2020 presidential election, 64.2% of Marylanders lived in one of the state's six Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 20.5% lived in one of 13 Solid Republican counties. Overall, Maryland was Solid Democratic, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016, and Joe Biden (D) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Maryland following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.[12]
Maryland county-level statistics, 2020 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solid Democratic | 6 | 64.2% | |||||
Solid Republican | 13 | 20.5% | |||||
Trending Democratic | 1 | 9.5% | |||||
New Democratic | 3 | 5.3% | |||||
Trending Republican | 1 | 0.4% | |||||
Total voted Democratic | 10 | 79.1% | |||||
Total voted Republican | 14 | 20.9% |
Historical voting trends
Maryland presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 21 Democratic wins
- 10 Republican wins
Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winning Party | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | D | D | R | D | D | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Statewide elections
This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.
U.S. Senate elections
The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Maryland.
U.S. Senate election results in Maryland | ||
---|---|---|
Race | Winner | Runner up |
2018 | 64.9%![]() |
30.3%![]() |
2016 | 60.9%![]() |
35.7%![]() |
2012 | 56.0%![]() |
26.3%![]() |
2010 | 61.8%![]() |
36.3%![]() |
2006 | 54.2%![]() |
44.2%![]() |
Average | 59.6 | 34.6 |
Gubernatorial elections
- See also: Governor of Maryland
The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Maryland.
Gubernatorial election results in Maryland | ||
---|---|---|
Race | Winner | Runner up |
2018 | 55.3%![]() |
43.5%![]() |
2014 | 51.0%![]() |
47.3%![]() |
2010 | 56.2%![]() |
41.8%![]() |
2006 | 52.7%![]() |
46.2%![]() |
2002 | 51.5%![]() |
47.7%![]() |
Average | 53.3 | 45.3 |
State partisanship
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Maryland's congressional delegation as of November 2022.
Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Maryland, November 2022 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
Democratic | 2 | 7 | 9 |
Republican | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 2 | 8 | 10 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Maryland's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.
State executive officials in Maryland, November 2022 | |
---|---|
Office | Officeholder |
Governor | ![]() |
Lieutenant Governor | ![]() |
Secretary of State | ![]() |
Attorney General | ![]() |
State legislature
The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the Maryland General Assembly as of November 2022.
Maryland State Senate
Party | As of November 2022 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 32 | |
Republican Party | 15 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 47 |
Maryland House of Delegates
Party | As of November 2022 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 99 | |
Republican Party | 42 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 141 |
Trifecta control
As of November 2022, Maryland was a divided government, with Democrats controlling the governorship and Republican majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.
Maryland Party Control: 1992-2022
Nineteen years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Demographics
The table below details demographic data in Maryland and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.
Demographic Data for Maryland | ||
---|---|---|
Maryland | United States | |
Population | 5,773,552 | 308,745,538 |
Land area (sq mi) | 9,711 | 3,531,905 |
Race and ethnicity** | ||
White | 55.5% | 72.5% |
Black/African American | 29.9% | 12.7% |
Asian | 6.3% | 5.5% |
Native American | 0.3% | 0.8% |
Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.2% |
Other (single race) | 4.5% | 4.9% |
Multiple | 3.4% | 3.3% |
Hispanic/Latino | 10.1% | 18% |
Education | ||
High school graduation rate | 90.2% | 88% |
College graduation rate | 40.2% | 32.1% |
Income | ||
Median household income | $84,805 | $62,843 |
Persons below poverty level | 9.2% | 13.4% |
Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2010). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2014-2019). | ||
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. |
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ The special Senate election in California was for the same seat up for regular election. There were, then, 36 total Senate elections for 35 total seats.
- ↑ Two independents who caucus with Democrats are included with Democrats in the 50-50 split count.
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Maryland State Board of Elections, "2016 Presidential Primary Election State Candidates List," accessed February 5, 2016
- ↑ The New York Times, "Maryland Primary Results," April 26, 2016
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed September 9, 2022
- ↑ This analysis includes Maryland's 23 counties and the independent city of Baltimore.