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Voter registration

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Select a state from the menu below to learn more about its voting policies.

Voter registration is the process that allows citizens to register with election officials in order to become eligible to vote. In 49 states, voters are required to register to vote. North Dakota is the only state that does not require voters to register. Voter registration methods vary by state and can include the following: in-person registration at state government agency offices, online registration, registering by mail, and registering through voter registration drives sponsored by non-government entities. Some states allow automatic voter registration. Some states allow same-day voter registration.[1][2]

Eligibility to vote in the United States

An individual must be at least 18 years of age, a United States citizen, and a resident of the jurisdiction in which he or she is registering in order to be eligible to vote in that jurisdiction.[2]

Under federal law, every state must allow residents to register to vote for federal elections up to at least 30 days before Election Day, though some states extend the deadline to register. Additional requirements and restrictions on voter registr ation (e.g., voting eligibility of people convicted of a felony) vary by state.[2]

Voter registration statistics

2022

The map and table below detail voter registration statistics by state, current as of the 2022 election cycle.


Voter registration statistics by state, 2022
State Total citizen population Total registration Registration as a percentage of citizen population
Alabama 3,716,000 2,499,000 67.3%
Alaska 516,000 373,000 72.2%
Arizona 5,093,000 3,560,000 69.9%
Arkansas 2,188,000 1,360,000 62.2%
California 25,315,000 17,032,000 67.3%
Colorado 4,384,000 3,162,000 72.1%
Connecticut 2,527,000 1,778,000 70.04%
Delaware 754,000 578,000 76.6%
District of Columbia 476,000 393,000 82.4%
Florida 15,449,000 9,770,000 63.2%
Georgia 7,601,000 5,275,000 69.4%
Hawaii 1,019,000 651,000 63.9%
Idaho 1,417,000 917,000 64.7%
Illinois 8,824,000 6,110,000 69.2%
Indiana 4,903,000 3,259,000 66.5%
Iowa 2,345,000 1,732,000 73.9%
Kansas 2,087,000 1,587,000 76.1%
Kentucky 3,233,000 2,321,000 71.8%
Louisiana 3,263,000 2,215,000 67.9%
Maine 1,131,000 856,000 75.6%
Maryland 4,364,000 3,301,000 75.6%
Massachusetts 4,892,000 3,618,000 74.0%
Michigan 7,517,000 5,797,000 77.1%
Minnesota 4,210,000 3,255,000 77.3%
Mississippi 2,166,000 1,572,000 72.6%
Missouri 4,655,000 3,532,000 75.9%
Montana 878,000 613,000 69.8%
Nebraska 1,351,000 933,000 69.1%
Nevada 2,206,000 1,436,000 65.1%
New Hampshire 1,106,000 804,000 72.6%
New Jersey 6,241,000 4,402,000 70.5%
New Mexico 1,511,000 1,026,000 67.9%
New York 13,516,000 8,897,000 65.8%
North Carolina 7,533,000 4,583,000 60.8%
North Dakota 554,000 418,000 75.6%
Ohio 8,708,000 5,890,000 67.6%
Oklahoma 2,841,000 1,936,000 68.1%
Oregon 3,122,000 2,581,000 82.7%
Pennsylvania 9,741,000 7,009,000 72.0%
Rhode Island 843,000 626,000 74.3%
South Carolina 3,868,000 2,491,000 64.4%
South Dakota 658,000 460,000 70.0%
Tennessee 5,145,000 3,467,000 67.4%
Texas 19,029,000 12,416,000 65.2%
Utah 2,278,000 1,536,000 67.4%
Vermont 521,000 393,000 75.4%
Virginia 6,043,000 4,487,000 74.3%
Washington 5,511,000 4,140,000 75.1%
West Virginia 1,400,000 877,000 62.6%
Wisconsin 4,461,000 3,225,000 72.3%
Wyoming 437,000 274,000 62.8%
U.S. total 233,546,000 161,422,000 69.1%
Source: United States Census Bureau, "Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2022," accessed May 18, 2023


Online voter registration

See also: Online voter registration

As of April 2024, 42 states, Washington, D.C., and Guam allowed online voter registration.[3] See the map below for further information.

Same-day voter registration

See also: Same-day voter registration

Same-day voter registration enables voters to register and vote at the same time. Same-day registration is sometimes referred to as Election Day registration.[4]

As of November 2025:
  • Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia had same-day registration provisions enabling voters to register and vote at the same time.
  • In 12 of these states, Democrats held a trifecta, Republicans held a trifecta in six states, and four states had divided government.
  • In 21 of these states and the District of Columbia, same-day voter registration is available on Election Day (and often during the early voting period as well).
  • North Carolina is the only state that offered same-day registration during the early voting period, but not on Election Day.
  • Two states, Alaska and Rhode Island, allowed same-day registration to vote for president and vice-president.


    • In states that allow same-day registration, voters must generally provide proof of residency (e.g., utility bill, pay stub) and identity (e.g., driver's license) at the time of registration.

    Automatic voter registration

    See also: Automatic voter registration

    Under an automatic voter registration system, eligible voters are automatically registered to vote whenever they interact with certain government agencies, such as departments of motor vehicles. Eligible voters are registered by default, although they may request not to be registered.[4][5]

    HIGHLIGHTS
  • As of November 2025, 24 states and the District of Columbia had enacted automatic voter registration policies.
  • In 2015, California and Oregon became the first states to enact automatic voter registration policies.
  • In 2016, Alaska became the first state to enact an automatic voter registration policy via ballot measure.
  • The most recent states to enact automatic voter registration policies were Delaware, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania in 2023.[6][7][8]

    • Voter registration method

    See also: Voter registration and Voter registration forms by state

    The following table shows how many people registered to vote by specific methods (by mail, in-person, online, etc.) according to the Election Assistance Commission's 2024 report on U.S. election administration, which can be found here.

    To see the full table, scroll to the right.

    Most common voter registration methods in 2024 by state
    StateTotalMailIn personOnlineAutomaticMotor Vehicle AgenciesPublic Assistance OfficesDisability Services OfficesArmed Forces recruitment officesOther state agenciesRegistration drivesPolling Places/Voting SitesOtherNot Categorized
    Alabama1,398,811N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A1,398,811
    Alaska1,023,32143,4925,70974,777767,55490,7474,01353038036,938N/A0
    Arizona2,348,267392,07080,181187,232N/A1,371,67719,38467282,933267,9099,35516,567864
    Arkansas582,332100,94481,164N/AN/A347,1855,753499161,2168,46034136,7522
    California14,007,4551,114,740281,9681,875,8689,145,7231776,2536579,56743,345155,461196,0251,080,46327,368
    Colorado3,832,931270,63764,193711,3292,202,812024,5111875N/A16,112224,672318,4730
    Connecticut732,283324,61056,270100,450N/A202,6201,161N/AN/AN/AN/A51,635N/A-4,463
    Delaware512,44119,2578,41958,518118,781271,4111070034,6905,15926,0960
    D.C.119,1332,6411,77535,53766,231N/A2,729N/A04,524N/AN/A5,6960
    Florida4,334,144311,26498,600922,75883,1372,632,7617,4675436717,109211,83338,46219,5390
    Georgia3,220,893295,040120,113472,770N/A2,217,55719,20714N/AN/AN/A96,2010
    Hawaii218,28920,745N/A64,242N/A93,566N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A18,946N/A20,790
    Idaho322,22711,63721,323114,533N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A1,361169,4193,9540
    Illinois5,328,462383,693141,376604,779845,8261,785,60445,7176,050N/A33,287N/A189,6581,277,81114,661
    Indiana1,707,92325,31115,163268,640N/A897,02514,58560901296,2190397,18683,056
    Iowa1,444,45114,71323,74755,0420113,9671,712713239N/AN/A1,235,1280
    Kansas919,02186,71266,624258,594N/A410,6828,65182701,68710,143N/A75,418358
    Kentucky2,299,60133,088283,242396,623N/A1,338,645239,0551,3521,951N/A5,645N/AN/A0
    Louisiana770,881103,887117,796351,721N/A166,47719,0652,1962,4237,316N/AN/AN/A0
    Maine311,68713,500182,61638,04536,87010,668N/AN/AN/AN/A17,499N/A12,4890
    Maryland6,491,862430,12143,462957,2504,497,829N/A29,198441123249,691N/A249,40334,3440
    Massachusetts3,961,95052,17055,269333,3313,114,094275,84417,581491N/A10,568N/AN/A102,6020
    Michigan4,087,57990,849150,914105,735N/A3,723,91672370N/AN/AN/AN/A15,3720
    Minnesota1,372,43728,73449,865281,390159,428145,596N/AN/AN/AN/A9,436339,280358,7080
    Mississippi927,908181,712297,8958,091N/A422,88413,7549451,065N/AN/AN/AN/A1,562
    Missouri460,20648,26725,44298,001N/A277,93410,356130530N/AN/A230
    Montana369,78480,12386,899N/AN/A76,0336,9951,08118N/A21,6281,65895,3490
    Nebraska493,94767,49917,842112,492N/A286,450241671N/AN/A9388,4170
    Nevada1,510,352310,55363,662232,780836,79701,08000035,12830,352N/A0
    New Hampshire722,2996,358246,047N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A86,679383,2150
    New Jersey3,565,78761,596N/A284,0011,737,116N/A7,93533,5958,1961,171,469N/A106,267155,6120
    New Mexico496,77044,67628,707108,367N/A160,26610,70419017144,014N/AN/A0
    New York2,590,306711,503133,738211,758N/A1,185,4209,6924,746N/A129,55236,591165,532N/A1,774
    North Carolina3,772,641631,695577,000414,6351,509,247N/A35,0121,237333,832378,805N/A221,1450
    North DakotaN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A
    Ohio3,741,987546,590391,743852,03716,118980,724152,8356,764455129,604347,64551,644398,975-133,147
    Oklahoma767,58461,46672,740163,987N/A422,29117,6632427,06844N/A19,0553,0280
    Oregon1,569,92697,10746,968319,483400,245263,4972,7781,013N/A4,895N/AN/A433,9400
    Pennsylvania4,014,449202,69539,820928,617N/A2,090,89243,40834410344,313N/A364,3590
    Rhode Island532,09511,33415,92429,432469,899N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A5,506N/AN/A0
    South Carolina1,051,21255,06259,490234,633N/A672,46629,26513234N/AN/AN/A1300
    South Dakota196,38117,04731,244N/AN/A137,0914,4475325693,2352,63263-2
    Tennessee1,262,606151,824101,743399,865N/A587,28610,9423601,8858,701N/AN/AN/A0
    Texas5,133,464504,722375,519188,117N/A3,598,01665,1215283736,499N/A42,789322,1160
    Utah949,98683,4138,345188,5730702,296001010,44825,744411-69,245
    Vermont87,9351,0129,34619,085N/A48,728273N/AN/AN/A9,4910N/A0
    Virginia3,232,808139,56182,880422,465N/A2,489,6513,0021851016,79531,78146,478N/A0
    Washington1,992,906325,88161,891322,37392,249953,32934,01522817,2125,74420,824N/A159,1591
    West Virginia496,219N/AN/A146,043N/A312,482N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A37,6940
    Wisconsin705,40349,895151,736356,696N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A137,1809,8960
    Wyoming87,9153,49684,106N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A3130
    Total102,081,2578,564,9424,960,51614,310,69526,099,95631,763,701996,39065,03850,9611,869,6062,104,1772,246,2417,706,6441,342,390

    See also

    Footnotes

    1. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2022," accessed May 6, 2024
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 U.S. Election Assistance Commission, "Voter FAQs," accessed May 6, 2024
    3. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Online Voter Registration," accessed April 30, 2024
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NCSL, "Same-Day Voter Registration," accessed November 19, 2025 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "ncsl" defined multiple times with different content
    5. ↑ Brennan Center for Justice, "Automatic Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025
    6. ↑ State of Delaware, "Automatic Voter Registration at DMV," June 20, 2023
    7. ↑ Minnesota State Legislature, "House File 3," accessed June 6, 2023
    8. ↑ NBC, "Pennsylvania rolls out automatic voter registration," September 19, 2023
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