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Washington State Senate elections, 2018

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2018 Washington
Senate elections
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GeneralNovember 6, 2018
PrimaryAugust 7, 2018
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Democrats expanded their majority in the 2018 elections for Washington State Senate, as, after the election, they controlled 29 seats to Republicans' 20. Twenty-five out of 49 Senate seats were up for election. At the time of the election, Democrats held 26 seats to Republicans' 23.

Ballotpedia identified five of the races as battlegrounds, including three Democratic-held districts and two Republican-held districts. Democrats won all of the four called battleground elections as of December 4.

Heading into the election, Washington had been under a Democratic trifecta since the party won a special state Senate election on November 7, 2017. This broke the state's divided government, which first formed in 2013 when Republicans took control of the state Senate. Heading into the election, Democrats had controlled the governor's office since 1985 and the state House since 2002. Had the Republican Party taken the chamber, it would have broken the Democratic trifecta.

Because state senators in Washington serve four-year terms, winning candidates in this election served through 2022 and played a role in Washington's redistricting process. The state senate's majority and minority leaders each select a member to serve on the five-member commission responsible for drawing state legislative and congressional district maps. The state legislature may amend the proposed maps by a two-thirds vote in each chamber.

The Washington State Senate was one of 87 state legislative chambers with elections in 2018. There are 99 chambers throughout the country. In 2017, three chambers in Virginia and New Jersey were up for election. In 2016, 86 out of 99 legislative chambers held elections. Prior to 2018, the Washington State Senate last held elections in 2016.

Washington state senators serve staggered, four-year terms and half of the Senate is up for election every two years.

Democratic Party For more information about the Democratic primaries, click here.
Republican Party For more information about the Republican primaries, click here.


Post-election analysis

See also: State legislative elections, 2018

The Democratic Party maintained control of both chambers of the Washington State Legislature in the 2018 election. Both chambers of the Washington State Legislature were identified as battleground chambers. In the state Senate, 25 out of 49 seats were up for election. Democrats increased their majority in the Washington State Senate from 26-23 to 29-20. One Democratic incumbent and two Republican incumbents were defeated in the general election.

The Washington House of Representatives held elections for all 98 seats. The Democratic majority in the House of Representatives increased from 50-48 to 57-41. One Democratic incumbent and one Republican incumbent were defeated in the primary and six Republican incumbents were defeated in the general election.

National background

On November 6, 2018, 87 of the nation's 99 state legislative chambers held regularly scheduled elections for 6,073 of 7,383 total seats, meaning that nearly 82 percent of all state legislative seats were up for election.

  • Entering the 2018 election, Democrats held 42.6 percent, Republicans held 56.8 percent, and independents and other parties held 0.6 percent of the seats up for regular election.
  • Following the 2018 election, Democrats held 47.3 percent, Republicans held 52.3 percent, and independents and other parties held 0.4 percent of the seats up for regular election.
  • A total of 469 incumbents were defeated over the course of the election cycle, with roughly one-third of them defeated in the primary.

Want more information?

Districts

See also: Washington state legislative districts

Use the interactive map below to find your district.

Candidates

See also: Statistics on state legislative candidates, 2018

General election candidates

Washington State Senate General Elections 2018

  • Incumbents are marked with an (i) after their name.
  • Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
Office Democratic Party Democratic Republican Party Republican Other
District 6

Jessa Lewis

Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Holy

District 7

Karen Hardy

Green check mark transparent.pngShelly Short (i)

District 8

Leo Perales

Green check mark transparent.pngSharon Brown (i)

District 13

Green check mark transparent.pngJudith Warnick (i)

District 15

Bengie Aguilar

Green check mark transparent.pngJim Honeyford (i)

District 21

Green check mark transparent.pngMarko Liias (i)

Mario Lionel Lotmore

District 26

Green check mark transparent.pngEmily Randall

Marty McClendon

District 29

Green check mark transparent.pngSteve Conway (i)

Pierre Malebranche (Independent Party of Washington Party)

District 30

Green check mark transparent.pngClaire Wilson

Mark Miloscia (i)

District 31

Immaculate Ferreria

Green check mark transparent.pngPhil Fortunato (i)

District 32

Maralyn Chase (i)  Candidate Connection
Green check mark transparent.pngJesse Salomon

District 33

Green check mark transparent.pngKaren Keiser (i)

Kun Wang (Independent Republican Party)

District 34

Shannon Braddock
Green check mark transparent.pngJoe Nguyen

District 35

Green check mark transparent.pngTim Sheldon (i)
Irene Bowling

District 36

Green check mark transparent.pngReuven Carlyle (i)

Bryan Simonson (Libertarian Party)

District 37

Green check mark transparent.pngRebecca Saldana (i)

Beth Broadway

District 38

Green check mark transparent.pngJohn McCoy (i)

Savio Pham (Independent Republican Party)

District 39

Claus Joens  Candidate Connection

Green check mark transparent.pngKeith Wagoner (i)

District 42

Pinky Vargas  Candidate Connection

Green check mark transparent.pngDoug Ericksen (i)

District 43

Green check mark transparent.pngJamie Pedersen (i)

Dan Harder  Candidate Connection

District 44

Green check mark transparent.pngSteve Hobbs (i)

Doug Roulstone

District 45

Green check mark transparent.pngManka Dhingra (i)

Dale Fonk

District 46

Green check mark transparent.pngDave Frockt (i)

Beth Daranciang

District 47

Green check mark transparent.pngMona Das

Joe Fain (i)

District 48

Green check mark transparent.pngPatricia Kuderer (i)
Rodney Tom

Primary candidates

The candidate list below is based on a list provided by the Washington Secretary of State website on May 31, 2018. The filing deadline for the August primary was on May 18, 2018.[1]

Washington State Senate Primary Elections 2018

  • Incumbents are marked with an (i) after their name.
  • Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
Office Democratic Party Democratic Republican Party Republican Other
District 6

Green check mark transparent.pngJessa Lewis

Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Holy

District 7

Green check mark transparent.pngKaren Hardy

Green check mark transparent.pngShelly Short (i)

District 8

Green check mark transparent.pngLeo Perales

Green check mark transparent.pngSharon Brown (i)

Did not make the ballot:
Matthew Bishop 

Ryan Cooper (Libertarian Party)

District 13

Green check mark transparent.pngJudith Warnick (i)

District 15

Green check mark transparent.pngBengie Aguilar

Green check mark transparent.pngJim Honeyford (i)

District 21

Green check mark transparent.pngMarko Liias (i)
Riaz Khan

Green check mark transparent.pngMario Lionel Lotmore

Scott West (Independent)

District 26

Green check mark transparent.pngEmily Randall

Green check mark transparent.pngMarty McClendon

Bill Schneidler (Independent)

District 29

Green check mark transparent.pngSteve Conway (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngPierre Malebranche (Independent Party of Washington Party)

District 30

Tirzah Idahosa
Green check mark transparent.pngClaire Wilson

Green check mark transparent.pngMark Miloscia (i)

District 31

Green check mark transparent.pngImmaculate Ferreria

Green check mark transparent.pngPhil Fortunato (i)

Jeff Benson (Independent)

District 32

Green check mark transparent.pngMaralyn Chase (i)  Candidate Connection
Green check mark transparent.pngJesse Salomon

James Wood

District 33

Green check mark transparent.pngKaren Keiser (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngKun Wang (Independent Republican Party)
Charles Schaefer (Libertarian Party)

District 34

Sofia Aragon
Green check mark transparent.pngShannon Braddock
Lemuel Charleston
Lisa Ryan Devereau
Green check mark transparent.pngJoe Nguyen
Annabel Quintero
Lois Schipper

Darla Green
Courtney Lyle

Hillary Shaw (Independent)
Debi Wagner (Independent)

District 35

Green check mark transparent.pngTim Sheldon (i)
Green check mark transparent.pngIrene Bowling

Marco Brown
John Martin
George Sevier

District 36

Green check mark transparent.pngReuven Carlyle (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngBryan Simonson (Libertarian Party)

District 37

Green check mark transparent.pngRebecca Saldana (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngBeth Broadway

District 38

Green check mark transparent.pngJohn McCoy (i)
Bruce Overstreet

Green check mark transparent.pngSavio Pham (Independent Republican Party)

District 39

Green check mark transparent.pngClaus Joens  Candidate Connection

Green check mark transparent.pngKeith Wagoner (i)
Elizabeth Scott

Jamal Rabieh (Independent)

District 42

Tim Ballew II
Green check mark transparent.pngPinky Vargas  Candidate Connection

Green check mark transparent.pngDoug Ericksen (i)

District 43

Green check mark transparent.pngJamie Pedersen (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngDan Harder  Candidate Connection

District 44

Green check mark transparent.pngSteve Hobbs (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngDoug Roulstone

Jeremy Fitch (Libertarian Party)

District 45

Green check mark transparent.pngManka Dhingra (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngDale Fonk

District 46

Green check mark transparent.pngDave Frockt (i)

Green check mark transparent.pngBeth Daranciang

District 47

Green check mark transparent.pngMona Das

Green check mark transparent.pngJoe Fain (i)

District 48

Green check mark transparent.pngPatricia Kuderer (i)
Green check mark transparent.pngRodney Tom

Bill Hirt (Independent)

Margins of victory

See also: Margin of victory analysis for the 2018 state legislative elections

A margin of victory (MOV) analysis for the 2018 Washington State Senate races is presented in this section. MOV represents the percentage of total votes that separated the winner and the second-place finisher. For example, if the winner of a race received 47 percent of the vote and the second-place finisher received 45 percent of the vote, the MOV is 2 percent.

The table below presents the following figures for each party:

  • Elections won
  • Elections won by less than 10 percentage points
  • Elections won without opposition
  • Average margin of victory[2]
Washington State Senate: 2018 Margin of Victory Analysis
Party Elections won Elections won by less than 10% Unopposed elections Average margin of victory[2]
Democratic Party Democratic
17
4
0
32.7%
Republican Party Republican
8
2
1
20.2%
Grey.png Other
0
0
0
N/A
Total
25
6
1
26.5%



The margin of victory in each race is presented below. The list is sorted from the closest MOV to the largest (including unopposed races).

Washington State Senate: 2018 Margin of Victory by District
District Winning Party Losing Party Margin of Victory
Washington State Senate District 42
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
0.1%
Washington State Senate District 26
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
0.1%
Washington State Senate District 47
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
1.8%
Washington State Senate District 35
Electiondot.png Democratic
Electiondot.png Democratic
4.1%
Washington State Senate District 30
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
8.5%
Washington State Senate District 6
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
9.7%
Washington State Senate District 44
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
12.2%
Washington State Senate District 34
Electiondot.png Democratic
Electiondot.png Democratic
16.6%
Washington State Senate District 39
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
17.9%
Washington State Senate District 38
Electiondot.png Democratic
Grey.png Independent Republican Party
19.6%
Washington State Senate District 31
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
19.8%
Washington State Senate District 15
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
21.2%
Washington State Senate District 29
Electiondot.png Democratic
Grey.png Independent Party
26.1%
Washington State Senate District 21
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
26.3%
Washington State Senate District 45
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
26.9%
Washington State Senate District 48
Electiondot.png Democratic
Electiondot.png Democratic
30.1%
Washington State Senate District 8
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
35.1%
Washington State Senate District 7
Ends.png Republican
Electiondot.png Democratic
38.0%
Washington State Senate District 32
Electiondot.png Democratic
Electiondot.png Democratic
38.2%
Washington State Senate District 33
Electiondot.png Democratic
Grey.png Independent Republican Party
43.7%
Washington State Senate District 46
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
65.0%
Washington State Senate District 37
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
78.0%
Washington State Senate District 36
Electiondot.png Democratic
Specialsession.png Libertarian
78.1%
Washington State Senate District 43
Electiondot.png Democratic
Ends.png Republican
81.0%
Washington State Senate District 13
Ends.png Republican
None
Unopposed


Seats flipped

See also: State legislative seats that changed party control, 2018

The below map displays each seat in the Washington State Senate which changed partisan hands as a result of the 2018 elections, shaded according to the partisan affiliation of the winner in 2018. Hover over a shaded district for more information.

State legislative seats flipped in 2018, Washington State Senate
District Incumbent 2018 winner Direction of flip
Washington State Senate District 26 Republican Party Jan Angel Democratic Party Emily Randall R to D
Washington State Senate District 30 Republican Party Mark Miloscia Democratic Party Claire Wilson R to D
Washington State Senate District 47 Republican Party Joe Fain Democratic Party Mona Das R to D

Incumbents retiring

Three incumbents did not run for re-election in 2018. Those incumbents were:

Name Party Office
Michael Baumgartner Ends.png Republican Senate District 6
Jan Angel Ends.png Republican Senate District 26
Sharon Nelson Electiondot.png Democratic Senate District 34

2018 battleground chamber

See also: State legislative battleground chambers, 2018

Ballotpedia identified the Washington State Senate as one of 22 battleground chambers in 2018. These were chambers that we anticipated to be, overall, more competitive than other chambers and had the potential to see significant shifts in party control.


The chamber was selected because it met the following conditions:

  • Competitive seats: The seats were last up for election in 2014. One Republican seat had a margin of victory that was less than 10 percent. Two Democratic seats had a margin of victory that was less than 10 percent. See the 2018 races to watch here.
  • Majority held less than 55 percent of seats: Heading into the 2018 elections, Democrats controlled 26 seats of 49 seats, which is 53.1 percent of the total.
  • Partisan balance of seats up for election: 10 of the 24 seats up in 2018 were controlled by Republicans and 14 were controlled by Democrats.
  • Recent party control switches: Democrats gained full control of the chamber after a special election on November 7, 2017. From 2012 to 2016, control of the chamber stayed in Republican hands even though Democrats often had a numerical majority in the chamber. Following the 2012 elections, Republicans took over from Democrats despite the 26-23 Democratic majority. This was because a minority coalition was formed when Democrats Tim Sheldon and Rodney Tom joined all chamber Republicans to form a 25-24 majority. Republicans won outright control of the chamber in the 2014 elections, gaining a 25-24 majority. In 2016, numerical control switched back to Democrats, but Sheldon once again formed a coalition with Republicans to give them effective control of the chamber.
Party control: 2006 - 2017
Election Year: 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2017
Winning Party: D D D R* R R* D
*Chamber controlled by Republican-led coalition

Battleground races

Washington State Senate
Battleground races
Democratic seats
Democratic Party District 21
Democratic Party District 44
Democratic Party District 45
Republican seats
Republican Party District 26
Republican Party District 30

Ballotpedia identified five battleground races in the Washington State Senate 2018 elections: three Democratic seats and two Republican seats. Based on analysis of these districts' electoral histories, these races had the potential to be more competitive than other races and could possibly have led to shifts in a chamber's partisan balance.

To determine state legislative battleground races in 2018, Ballotpedia looked for races that fit one or more of the four factors listed below:

  1. If the incumbent won less than 55 percent of the vote in the most recent election prior to 2018
  2. If the presidential candidate opposite of the incumbent's party won the district in the 2016 elections and the incumbent’s margin of victory in the previous election was 10 percentage points or less
  3. If the presidential candidate opposite of the incumbent's party won the district in the 2016 elections and the incumbent did not file to run for re-election
  4. If the presidential candidate opposite of the incumbent's party won the district in the 2016 elections by 20 points or more

Other factors could also cause a race to be classified as a battleground. For example, Ballotpedia may have considered an election to be a battleground race if an outside group or a national or state party announced that they were targeting a specific seat in order to flip it. We may have also determined a race to be a battleground if it received an unusual amount of media attention. Two additional factors were open seats and districts impacted by redistricting.


Democratic PartyDistrict 21

Who won this race?

Democratic incumbent Marko Liias defeated Republican Mario Lionel Lotmore.

What party controlled the seat heading into the election?

The Democratic Party

Who were the candidates running?

Democratic Party Marko Liias (incumbent)
Republican Party Mario Lionel Lotmore

What made this a battleground race?

This was a district where the incumbent won less than 55 percent of the vote in 2014. Incumbent Marko Liias (D) was first appointed in January 2014 and was elected in November 2014. He received 54.5 percent of the vote and defeated his Republican challenger by 9.0 points. District 21 was one of 30 Washington state legislative districts that Democrat Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. Clinton carried District 21 by 32.1 points. Barack Obama (D) won the district in the 2012 presidential election by 25.3 points.

Republican PartyDistrict 26

Who won this race?

Democrat Emily Randall defeated Republican Marty McClendon.

What party controlled the seat heading into the election?

The Republican Party

Who were the candidates running?

Democratic Party Emily Randall
Republican Party Marty McClendon

What made this a battleground race?

This was a district where the presidential candidate of the party opposite the incumbent won in 2016 and the incumbent did not file for re-election. Incumbent Jan Angel (R) was first elected in a 2013 special election, defeating incumbent Nathan Schlicher (R). In 2014, she received 58.8 percent of the vote and defeated her Democratic challenger by 17.6 points. District 26 was one of 30 Washington state legislative districts that Democrat Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. Clinton carried District 26 by 0.1 points. Barack Obama (D) won the district in the 2012 presidential election by 1.3 points.

Republican PartyDistrict 30

Who won this race?

Democrat Claire Wilson defeated Republican incumbent Mark Miloscia.

What party controlled the seat heading into the election?

The Republican Party

Who were the candidates running?

Democratic Party Claire Wilson
Republican Party Mark Miloscia (incumbent)

What made this a battleground race?

This was a district where the presidential candidate of the party opposite the incumbent won by more than 20 points in 2016. Incumbent Mark Miloscia (R) was first elected in 2014. He received 55.6 percent of the vote and defeated his Democratic challenger by 11.2 points. District 30 was one of 30 Washington state legislative districts that Democrat Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. Clinton carried District 30 by 20.8 points. Barack Obama (D) won the district in the 2012 presidential election by 19.5 points.

Democratic PartyDistrict 44

Who won this race?

Democratic incumbent Steve Hobbs defeated Republican Doug Roulstone.

What party controlled the seat heading into the election?

The Democratic Party

Who were the candidates running?

Democratic Party Steve Hobbs (incumbent)
Republican Party Doug Roulstone

What made this a battleground race?

This was a district where the incumbent won less than 55 percent of the vote in 2014. Incumbent Steve Hobbs (D) was first elected in 2006 and was re-elected in 2014. He received 54.0 percent of the vote and defeated his Republican challenger by 8.0 points. District 44 was one of 30 Washington state legislative districts that Democrat Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. Clinton carried District 44 by 10.7 points. Barack Obama (D) won the district in the 2012 presidential election by 10.5 points.

Democratic PartyDistrict 45

Who won this race?

Democratic incumbent Manka Dhingra defeated Republican Dale Fonk.

What party controlled the seat prior to the November 7, 2017, special election?

The Democratic Party

Who were the candidates running?

Democratic Party Manka Dhingra (incumbent)
Republican Party Dale Fonk

What made this a battleground race?

This was a district where the incumbent won less than 55 percent of the vote in 2014 and the presidential candidate of the opposite party won by more than 20 points in 2016. Incumbent Andy Hill (R) was first elected in 2014. He received 52.7 percent of the vote and defeated his Democratic challenger by 5.4 points. Hill died in October 2016 from lung cancer. Manka Dhingra (D) flipped District 45 in the special election to replace Hill on November 7, 2017. Her win gave Democrats full control of the state Senate. District 45 was one of 30 Washington state legislative districts that Democrat Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. Clinton carried District 45 by 36.8 points. Barack Obama (D) won the district in the 2012 presidential election by 18.6 points.

Battleground races map

Washington political history

See also: Partisan composition of state senates and State government trifectas

Party control

2018

In the 2018 elections, Democrats increased their majority in the Washington State Senate from 26-23 to 29-20.

Washington State Senate
Party As of November 6, 2018 After November 7, 2018
     Democratic Party 26 29
     Republican Party 23 20
Total 49 49

2016

Democrats gained full control of the state Senate after a special election on November 7, 2017. In the 2016 elections, Democrats gained one seat in the Washington State Senate, going from 24-25 to 25-24. A power-sharing agreement gave Republicans effective control of the chamber after the 2016 election as Sen. Tim Sheldon (D) chose to caucus with Republicans. He was elected president pro tempore.


Washington State Senate
Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
     Democratic Party 24 25
     Republican Party 25 24[3]
Total 49 49

Trifectas

A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Republicans gained control of the state Senate through coalitions following the 2012 elections, moving Washington's state government to divided control. Prior to that, Democrats had held a trifecta since the 2004 elections.

Washington Party Control: 1992-2024
Eighteen years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Governor D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Senate R D D D D R R D D D D R R D D D D D D D D R R R R R[4] D D D D D D D
House D D D R R R R S S S D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

Wave election analysis

See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)

The term wave election is frequently used to describe an election cycle in which one party makes significant electoral gains. How many seats would Republicans have had to lose for the 2018 midterm election to be considered a wave election?

Ballotpedia examined the results of the 50 election cycles that occurred between 1918 and 2016—spanning from President Woodrow Wilson's (D) second midterm in 1918 to Donald Trump's (R) first presidential election in 2016. We define wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in that period resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party.

Applying this definition to state legislative elections, we found that Republicans needed to lose 494 seats for 2018 to qualify as a wave election.

The chart below shows the number of seats the president's party lost in the 10 state legislative waves from 1918 to 2016. Click here to read the full report.

State legislative wave elections
Year President Party Election type State legislative seats change Elections analyzed[5]
1932 Hoover R Presidential -1,022 7,365
1922 Harding R First midterm -907 6,907
1966 Johnson D First midterm[6] -782 7,561
1938 Roosevelt D Second midterm -769 7,179
1958 Eisenhower R Second midterm -702 7,627
2010 Obama D First midterm -702 7,306
1974 Ford R Second midterm[7] -695 7,481
1920 Wilson D Presidential -654 6,835
1930 Hoover R Presidential -640 7,361
1954 Eisenhower R First midterm -494 7,513

Candidate and office information

Process to become a candidate

See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Washington

DocumentIcon.jpg See statutes: Chapter 29A.24 of the Washington Election Code

A candidate who desires to have his or her name printed on the ballot for election to an office other than president or vice president must complete and file a declaration of candidacy. The candidate must do the following:

  • declare that he or she is a registered voter within the jurisdiction of the office for which he or she is filing (the candidate must include the address at which he or she is registered)
  • indicate the position for which he or she is filing
  • state a party preference, if the office is a partisan office
  • indicate the amount of the filing fee accompanying the declaration of candidacy (the candidate may also indicate that he or she is filing a petition in lieu of the filing fee)
  • sign the declaration of candidacy, stating that the information provided on the form is true and swearing or affirming that he or she will support the constitution and laws of the United States and the constitution and laws of the state of Washington[8]

The filing period for candidates begins on the first Monday in May and ends the following Friday in the year in which the office is scheduled to be voted upon. For statewide offices and state legislative districts, candidates file with the secretary of state. Candidates must also submit the declaration of candidacy to the Washington Public Disclosure Commission within one business day after the filing period has ended.[9][10]

A filing fee equal to 1 percent of the annual salary of the office at the time of filing must accompany the declaration of candidacy for any office with a fixed annual salary of more than $1,000. For offices that pay less than $1,000, candidates must pay a filing fee of $10.[11] A candidate who lacks sufficient assets or income at the time of filing may submit with his or her declaration of candidacy a filing fee petition. The petition must contain signatures from registered voters equal to the number of dollars of the filing fee.

For write-in candidates

Any person who desires to be a write-in candidate and have his or her votes counted at a primary or general election can file a declaration of candidacy with the Washington Secretary of State and the Washington Public Disclosure Commission up to 8:00 p.m. on the day of the primary or general election. A declaration of candidacy for a write-in candidate must be accompanied by a filing fee or a filing fee petition with the required signatures if filing within 18 days of the election (fees and signature requirements are the same as those summarized above).[12]

Qualifications

See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

Section 7 of Article 2 of the Washington State Constitution states, "No person shall be eligible to the legislature who shall not be a citizen of the United States and a qualified voter in the district for which he is chosen."

Salaries and per diem

See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
State legislative salaries, 2024[13]
SalaryPer diem
$60,191/year for senators. $61,997/year for representatives.$202/day

When sworn in

See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

Washington legislators assume office the second Monday of January.[14]

Competitiveness

Every year, Ballotpedia uses official candidate lists from each state to examine the competitiveness of every state legislative race in the country. Nationally, there has been a steady decline in electoral competitiveness since 2010. Most notable is that the number of districts with general election competition has dropped by more than 10 percent.

Results from 2016

Click here to read the full study »


Historical context

See also: Competitiveness in State Legislative Elections: 1972-2014

Uncontested elections: In 2014, 32.8 percent of Americans lived in states with an uncontested state senate election. Similarly, 40.4 percent of Americans lived in states with uncontested house elections. Primary elections were uncontested even more frequently, with 61 percent of people living in states with no contested primaries. Uncontested elections often occur in locations that are so politically one-sided that the result of an election would be a foregone conclusion regardless of whether it was contested or not.

F5 Pop. % with uncontested state legislative races.png

Open seats: In most cases, an incumbent will run for re-election, which decreases the number of open seats available. In 2014, 83 percent of the 6,057 seats up for election saw the incumbent running for re-election. The states that impose term limits on their legislatures typically see a higher percentage of open seats in a given year because a portion of incumbents in each election are forced to leave office. Overall, the number of open seats decreased from 2012 to 2014, dropping from 21.2 percent in 2012 to 17.0 percent in 2014.

Incumbent win rates: Ballotpedia's competitiveness analysis of elections between 1972 and 2014 documented the high propensity for incumbents to win re-election in state legislative elections. In fact, since 1972, the win rate for incumbents had not dropped below 90 percent—with the exception of 1974, when 88 percent of incumbents were re-elected to their seats. Perhaps most importantly, the win rate for incumbents generally increased over time. In 2014, 96.5 percent of incumbents were able to retain their seats. Common convention holds that incumbents are able to leverage their office to maintain their seat. However, the high incumbent win rate may actually be a result of incumbents being more likely to hold seats in districts that are considered safe for their party.

Marginal primaries: Often, competitiveness is measured by examining the rate of elections that have been won by amounts that are considered marginal (5 percent or less). During the 2014 election, 90.1 percent of primary and general election races were won by margins higher than 5 percent. Interestingly, it is usually the case that only one of the two races—primary or general—will be competitive at a time. This means that if a district's general election is competitive, typically one or more of the district's primaries were won by more than 5 percent. The reverse is also true: If a district sees a competitive primary, it is unlikely that the general election for that district will be won by less than 5 percent. Primaries often see very low voter turnout in comparison to general elections. In 2014, there were only 27 million voters for state legislative primaries, but approximately 107 million voters for the state legislative general elections.

Pivot Counties

See also: Pivot Counties by state

Five of 39 Washington counties—12.8 percent—are Pivot Counties. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.

Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008
County Trump margin of victory in 2016 Obama margin of victory in 2012 Obama margin of victory in 2008
Clallam County, Washington 2.76% 0.38% 3.30%
Cowlitz County, Washington 13.32% 4.44% 11.15%
Grays Harbor County, Washington 6.99% 14.11% 14.56%
Mason County, Washington 5.81% 7.09% 8.66%
Pacific County, Washington 6.74% 11.52% 14.07%

In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton (D) won Washington with 52.5 percent of the vote. Donald Trump (R) received 36.8 percent. In presidential elections between 1900 and 2016, Washington cast votes for the winning presidential candidate 73.3 percent of the time. In that same time frame, Washington supported Democratic candidates for president more often than Republican candidates, 53.3 to 43.3 percent. The state, however, favored Democrats in every election between between 2000 and 2016.

Presidential results by legislative district

The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state Senate districts in Washington. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns describe the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns describe the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.[15][16]

In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 34 out of 49 state Senate districts in Washington with an average margin of victory of 25.4 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 30 out of 49 state Senate districts in Washington with an average margin of victory of 32.1 points. Clinton won six districts controlled by Republicans heading into the 2018 elections.
In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 15 out of 49 state Senate districts in Washington with an average margin of victory of 13.9 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 19 out of 49 state Senate districts in Washington with an average margin of victory of 14.9 points. Trump won two districts controlled by Democrats heading into the 2018 elections.


See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. Washington Secretary of State, "2018 Candidates Who Have Filed," accessed May 31, 2018
  2. 2.0 2.1 Excludes unopposed elections
  3. A power-sharing agreement gave Republicans effective control of the chamber.
  4. Democrats gained full control of the state Senate after a special election on November 7, 2017.
  5. The number of state legislative seats available for analysis varied, with as many as 7,795 and as few as 6,835.
  6. Lyndon Johnson's (D) first term began in November 1963 after the death of President John F. Kennedy (D), who was first elected in 1960. Before Johnson had his first midterm in 1966, he was re-elected president in 1964.
  7. Gerald Ford's (R) first term began in August 1974 following the resignation of President Richard Nixon (R), who was first elected in 1968 and was re-elected in 1972. Because Ford only served for two full months before facing the electorate, this election is classified as Nixon's second midterm.
  8. Washington Election Code, "Chapter 29A.24.031," accessed April 29, 2025
  9. Washington Election Code, "Chapter 29A.24.050," accessed April 29, 2025
  10. Washington Election Code, "Chapter 29A.24.070," accessed April 29, 2025
  11. Washington Election Code, "Chapter 29A.24.091," accessed April 29, 2025
  12. Washington Election Code, "Chapter 29A.24.311," accessed April 29, 2025
  13. National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
  14. Washington State Legislature, "RCW 44.04.021 Commencement of terms of office," accessed February 17, 2021
  15. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts," July 9, 2013
  16. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2016 presidential results for congressional and legislative districts," February 6, 2017


Current members of the Washington State Senate
Leadership
Majority Leader:Jamie Pedersen
Minority Leader:John Braun
Senators
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
Jeff Holy (R)
District 7
District 8
District 9
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District 17
District 18
District 19
District 20
District 21
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District 30
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District 34
District 35
District 36
District 37
District 38
District 39
District 40
District 41
District 42
District 43
District 44
District 45
District 46
District 47
District 48
District 49
Democratic Party (30)
Republican Party (19)