William Abel
William Abel (Republican Party) ran for election to the U.S. House to represent Texas' 31st Congressional District. He lost in the Republican primary on March 3, 2026.
Abel completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2026. Click here to read the survey answers.
Biography
William Abel was born in Bremerhaven, Germany. He served in the U.S. Army from 1999 to 2017. He earned a high school diploma from Glen Burnie High School. He has been affiliated with the Veterans of Foreign Wars and the American Legion.[1][2]
Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2026 (March 3 Republican primary)
- The content below is from the March 3 Republican primary page. Click here to read more.
Twelve-term incumbent John Carter (R) and nine other candidates ran in the Republican primary for Texas' 31st Congressional District on March 3, 2026. President Donald Trump (R) endorsed Carter for re-election on December 4, 2025.[3]
At the time of the election, Carter was the third longest-serving member of the U.S. House, and according to the Austin American-Statesman's John C. Moritz, "Several of his GOP opponents argue that the district, which runs from Georgetown to farm and ranch country west of Waco and includes the sprawling Army post of Fort Hood, is in need of new blood."[4]
Before his election to Congress, Carter worked as an attorney and judge.[5] His campaign website stated, "Judge prides himself on delivering results for Texas’ 31st district no matter the political environment, and does this by following his guiding principle, 'listen more than you speak.'"[6]
William Abel (R) was a U.S. Army veteran making his second run for the seat. Abel said, "I'm just tired of these politicians not doing what's best for the constituents and doing what's best for their own pockets. Or doing what's best for the lobbyists and donors. I just want problems solved with common sense."[4] He told Community Impact his priorities were "Eliminate wasteful spending, decrease taxes, secure the border."[7]
David Berry (R) was a physician whose campaign website described him as "committed to protecting Texans by standing up for small towns, rural communities, and the values that make them strong."[8] According to his campaign website, his priorities included securing the border, growing small businesses, reforming Washington, protecting life, energy independence, and expanding veterans' benefits.[8]
Steve Dowell (R) was a major in the U.S. Army Reserve. His campaign website said, "As the only policy focused and experienced alternative to our incumbent, Steve Dowell will work for you in D.C.—for the second time in his life—following core conservative principles of responsibility, peace through strength, and human dignity that keep America great."[9][10]
Abhiram Garapati (R) was a businessman, farmer, and rancher making his fourth run for the seat.[11] Garapati told Community Impact his priorities if elected would include "cutting wasteful spending, balancing the federal budget, reducing taxes on hard-working Americans, tackling corruption, increasing government transparency, repealing unconstitutional legislation, maintaining a secure border, strengthening national security, protecting American jobs, and delivering exceptional constituent services."[7]
Raymond Hamden was a real estate broker and business ower.[12] His campaign website stated, "As a candidate for U.S. Congress, Raymond Hamden is dedicated to securing our borders, ensuring fiscal responsibility, and supporting military families. He is committed to fostering economic growth, creating jobs, and empowering businesses. Raymond also aims to invest in vital water and infrastructure projects to strengthen communities and create a prosperous future for all."[13]
Elvis Lossa (R) was a U.S. Army veteran and served as policy coordinator for the speaker of the Texas House.[14] His campaign website stated, "Too often, leadership in Congress is focused on noise instead of outcomes. Families, veterans, and small businesses deserve representation that listens carefully and then acts decisively. I am running for Congress to bring experience, accountability, and a results-driven approach to serving Central Texas."[15]
Valentina Gomez Noriega (R) earned a master's degree in business administration from Tulane University and was a former candidate for Missouri Secretary of State.[16] She told Community Impact her priorities if elected would include, "Protect and defend my soldiers at Fort Hood. Kicking all the terrorists muslims, Somalians, and illegals out of Texas. Stopping the construction of Sharia schools and Sharia cities. Increasing Social Security benefits and making medication more affordable for my senior citizens."[7]
Offer Vince Shlomi (R) was best known from the Shamwow infomercials.[17] His campaign website stated, "My mission is simple will be a stronger economy and real opportunities for the Texas 31st and for all America. I believe that by putting God first and standing firm with our values, we can build a more perfect union for our families and for all America."[18]
Ballotpedia did not find additional information for Ed Ewald (R).
Elections
2026
See also: Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2026
Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2026 (March 3 Republican primary)
Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2026 (March 3 Democratic primary)
General election
The candidate list in this election may not be complete.
General election for U.S. House Texas District 31
Incumbent John Carter and Justin Early are running in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 31 on November 3, 2026.
Candidate | ||
 | John Carter (R) | |
 | Justin Early (D) | |
| ||||
 = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31
Justin Early defeated Stuart Whitlow in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 3, 2026.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Justin Early | 57.6 | 31,852 |
 | Stuart Whitlow | 42.4 | 23,455 | |
| Total votes: 55,307 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Caitlin Rourk (D)
- Brian Trautner (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 3, 2026.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Carter | 59.7 | 40,390 |
 | Valentina Gomez Noriega | 10.2 | 6,905 | |
 | Abhiram Garapati | 6.6 | 4,456 | |
 | Raymond Hamden | 6.4 | 4,346 | |
 | Steven Dowell | 6.2 | 4,200 | |
 | Offer Vince Shlomi | 4.1 | 2,791 | |
 | William Abel | 2.6 | 1,764 | |
 | David Berry | 2.4 | 1,623 | |
| Ed Ewald | 1.1 | 727 | ||
 | Elvis Lossa | 0.7 | 497 | |
| Total votes: 67,699 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Jack McConnell (R)
- Mike Williams (R)
Green convention
Green convention for U.S. House Texas District 31
Greg Stoker is running in the Green convention for U.S. House Texas District 31 on April 11, 2026.
Candidate | ||
 | Greg Stoker (G) | |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Endorsements
Ballotpedia is gathering information about candidate endorsements. To send us an endorsement, click here.
2024
See also: Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2024
Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Democratic primary)
Texas' 31st Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Republican primary)
General election
General election for U.S. House Texas District 31
Incumbent John Carter defeated Stuart Whitlow in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 31 on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Carter (R) | 64.4 | 229,087 |
| Stuart Whitlow (D) | 35.6 | 126,470 | |
| Total votes: 355,557 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Caleb Ferrell (L)
Democratic primary runoff election
Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 31
Stuart Whitlow defeated Brian Walbridge in the Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 31 on May 28, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Stuart Whitlow | 68.5 | 3,512 |
 | Brian Walbridge | 31.5 | 1,614 | |
| Total votes: 5,126 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31
Stuart Whitlow and Brian Walbridge advanced to a runoff. They defeated Rick Von Pfeil in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Stuart Whitlow | 48.4 | 10,023 |
| ✔ | | Brian Walbridge | 25.8 | 5,346 |
 | Rick Von Pfeil | 25.8 | 5,332 | |
| Total votes: 20,701 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | John Carter | 65.3 | 55,092 |
 | Mike Williams | 11.1 | 9,355 | |
 | Mack Latimer | 7.8 | 6,593 | |
| Abhiram Garapati | 7.4 | 6,256 | |
| William Abel | 5.2 | 4,362 | |
 | John Anderson | 3.2 | 2,732 | |
| Total votes: 84,390 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Libertarian convention
Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 31
Caleb Ferrell advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 31 on March 23, 2024.
Candidate | ||
| ✔ |  | Caleb Ferrell (L) |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Endorsements
Ballotpedia did not identify endorsements for Abel in this election.
Campaign themes
2026
Ballotpedia survey responses
See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection
William Abel completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2026. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Abel's responses.
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- Eliminate wasteful spending- currently we waste billions of dollars on departments, organizations, foreign aid, and pet projects that do nothing to help taxpayers.
- Decrease Taxes- I would like to lower federal income taxes to a 10% flat tax eliminating write-offs and deductions ensuring taxpayers keep more of their hard-earned money while still ensuring the government can function.
- National Water Pipeline- I would like to propose a national water pipeline running from the east coast to the west coast, with pipes branching off to a central location in each state. When a state has a major drought, the pipeline would be used to transfer water from states that have excessive water to those hit hard from droughts ensuring farmers and the state have enough water to resume normal activities.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
2024
William Abel completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2024. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Abel's responses.
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- Secure the border. Currently having an open border we have people including Chinese nationals, people on the terrorist watchlist and criminals from all over the world coming to our border and coming into our country. This is the biggest security issue in the US today and needs to be dealt with immediately.
- Restructure the tax code and stop wasteful spending. We need to restructure our tax code instead of our current bracket system. I believe we should go to a 10% flat tax system taking away deductions and write-offs. Currently the federal government collects 1.7 trillion dollars from income taxes if we move to a 10% flat tax, they will collect 1.25 trillion and it would allow people to keep more of their regular and overtime pay. We also need to get our out-of-control spending under control; we could get rid of the Department of Education which has a budget of 68 billion a year, The UN whose budget is 12.5 billion a year, ATF budget of 1.5 billion and eliminate congressional earmarks which accounted for 15 billion in 2022.
- End vaccine mandates. In 2021 people were told they either take an untested vaccine or they would lose their jobs some places tried to force vaccine passports and some people were threatened with not receiving medical care if they did not take the covid vaccine. We later found out it did not prevent people from catching or transmitting covid and there are a lot of links to health problems from the vaccines nobody was told about such as cardiac issues, cancers, and blood clots to name a few.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
Campaign website
Abel’s campaign website stated the following:
| “ |
Gun Control I vow, if elected to represent District 31 in the US House of Representatives, to vote against any form of gun control that infringes on any law-abiding citizen the right to keep and bear arms. Additionally, I vow to fight against any and all laws that restrict the right of the people to protect themselves, their family, and their property. Crime reaches new highs daily, and it is more important than ever that each person has the God given right to stand their ground against any threats they may face. Taxes and Tariffs Using these numbers, it is possible to lower the tax rate to a 10% flat tax rate, eliminating deductions, which would result in bringing 1.25 trillion dollars a year. Many Americans pay for a financial advisor to do their taxes, only to find out they owe the government. With my vision of implementing a 10% flat tax rate, this would simplify the tax code, making it easier for individuals to do their own taxes, eliminating the need to pay for a financial advisor. Also, I will be looking into lowering corporate taxes from the current 21% tax rate to a more reasonable 10% tax rate and fight to have tariffs raised on imported goods from the current 1.6% tax rate, which is lower than the global average of a 2.6% tax rate. This negatively affects U.S. businesses as foreign companies do not always pay the standard of U.S. business wages. Foreign countries pay a 1.6% tariff on their goods while U.S. businesses pay livable wages as well as 21% in taxes, forcing them to increase the price of goods. If we can level the playing field for domestic goods, we can see more jobs brought back to the United States, resulting in competitive pricing for goods made in the U.S. Wasteful Spending Every year, our government spends an obscene amount of tax money to push agendas instead of helping the general public and we need to put a stop to it. The following need public awareness of how our tax dollars are being spent: The Department of Education - Annual budget of $68 billion dollars. We have seen education continually decline in the U.S.; it is time for this federal agency to be defunded and return the responsibility to the state level. In defunding this government agency, states would receive funds directly for use to improve schools, school security, technical training, or school choice programs. Our children are our most important resource, and the Department of Education has been a colossal failure for them. The following are our ranks in basic subjects against 72 other countries who participated in testing:
The Department of Education's purpose to collect data and push effective teaching techniques to teachers to help improve education in the US but data has shown a steady decline since inception 43 years ago. Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) - Annual budget of $1.5 billion. Similar to other government agencies, the ATF has become so politicized; harassing gun stores for violations they claimed were committed when in reality the ATF has not taken accountability for failing to do their job. The ATF will push regulations on legal gun owners, such as the recent pistol brace rule, which would require a federal license to own a pistol with a stabilizing brace. This was temporarily blocked by a federal judge in the US District Court for the Southern District of Texas. The ATF constantly pushes regulations to restrict what a law-abiding American citizen can do. The head of the ATF, Steve Dettelbach, has admitted in a congressional hearing he is not a firearms expert; however, he heads the agency that pushes out regulations that affect millions of legal gun owners. The ATF will continue to try to find ways to restrict people from practicing their Constitutional right to keep and bear arms. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) - Annual budget of $12.3 billion The United Nations - Annual Budget of $12.5 billion While the UN was unable to condemn the Russian invasion of Ukraine, they were able to condemn the Heartbeat laws, and the Supreme Court overturning Roe VS. Wade and condemn the US for enforcing US immigration laws with immigrants coming to the US illegally. The UN has become an institution that has lost its way and pushes for a global government that would override a nations right to self-govern, it is time to review if we should continue to fund and be a part of this lost organization. For Ukraine, we spent over $113 billion, just in 2022. While there is a need to help prevent countries from being invaded, the reality of the situation is we are not in a financial situation to just give $113 billion dollar's worth of equipment and money away. If we are to aid these foreign countries, we need to look at other areas in the budget to cut spending. If we remain on the current track we are on, we will not have a country if we don't start making the tough choices to reign in our spending. The federal government has expanded and constantly micromanages every aspect of our lives, inserting themselves in places they have no business in. In order to fully unlock the potential of the American spirt we need less government not more. Border Control and Immigration Our southern border control is currently in crisis. In November of 2022, the U.S. experienced 206,239 encounters with migrants at the southern border. Those who wish to bring harm to our American soil, know the southern border is weak, and use it to their advantage to get into the country. While some may actually be fleeing from harm in their home countries, a majority are migrating for nefarious reasons. We have a need to uphold the law and enforce the process of becoming an American citizen to keep America safe for those who want to keep this the Land of Opportunity. There is a real need for consequences for breaking the law. I will work with other House Representatives to hold sanctuary cities accountable and put an end to the blatant disregard for the laws enacted to keep this country safe. To secure the border, we need to make real investments in:
Veteran Affairs There is an estimated 18.5 million Veterans in the US today; the VA has been a failure for a lot of these brave men and women who put their mental and physical well-being on the line to protect and defend this country that we all love and call home. This needs change, and we need it now. We need to make the lives of these American Heroes better by giving them a voice to elect officials to run the VA in their district, and vote for their National Directors instead of allowing those placed in a position who have no understanding of Veteran affairs. Accountability must be taken by those entrusted to take care of these exceptional men and women in a timely and professional manner. Veterans must have access to outside professionals who can help them recover from the years of abuse both mentally and physically for the sake of this country. Our Veterans should never have to worry about getting the help they deserve, whether it is mental health to help to deal with the horrors of war or recovering from joint issues brought on by the performance of their jobs in the Military and everything in between. Energy Independence We have the capability to be energy independent, yet there are members of our government begging OPEC to increase their production of oil. The question we need an answer to is why are we relying on foreign countries to do what we can do here? The US has an estimated 264 billion barrels of recoverable oil, the largest than any other country. Russia has an approximate 256 billion barrels, Saudia Arabia has 212 billion barrels, there is no logical reason for the US to obtain this natural resource from other countries. We can meet the needs of the American people, on American soil while setting higher standards for oil recovery. The current administration is looking to increase our dependance on materials from China, the most notable is by attempting to mandate electric vehicles. China produces approximately 75% of the batteries for these vehicles. We have also seen a rise in the push for use of solar energy, yet China produces approximately 75% of the solar panels used to harvest this energy source. It is past time the US reevaluates the use of the resources we have available and work to improve on production of these resources in the United States instead of relying on other countries for our energy needs. Term Limits We need to ensure Congress is here to represent the people instead of becoming part of the issue. The way to ensure WE THE PEOPLE are represented is to enact term limits; many representatives have good intentions to begin with but end up looking out for the best interest of a few rather than what is best for the local communities and our country as a whole. This will force Congress to push for the issues initially presented and any issues that may arise while in office. Protect Our Children There has been a war declared on our children by current Politicians in allowing harmful acts to come across today's youth. Support for the following is becoming mainstream, and needs to come to and end for the sake of the next generation:
Biological males are now being allowed in some states to enter girls and women's lockers and restrooms. Reports have been made throughout the U.S. of males identifying as female of entering these establishments and making women uncomfortable, and in extreme cases causing mental and bodily harm by sexual harassment and in some instances, rape. These issues presented are just the beginning as the fight for children and women is just starting. We can put an end to it, and I vow to fight this head on by:
No Vaccine Mandates In 2021, we were all faced with Covid vaccine mandates and people were forced to get a vaccine that did not have proper testing with unknown side effects, both short and long term, and faced consequences such as job loss, travel bans, and treated as second class citizens. While I support the right to choose the vaccine, the American public has the right to full transparency about what is in the vaccine and determine if the potential risks are worth the benefit received from being inoculated. I do not believe in the government forcing the American public into taking a vaccine against their will, and in many instances, resorting to blackmail and imposing harsh consequences for not doing so. We are only starting to see the side effects from the vaccine, and the public needs to be made aware of what risks are involved before blindly being vaccinated. Tax Plan for New Small Business Many first-time small business owners struggle in the first 5 years of being in business. To help brand new small business owners succeed, we need to provide an opportunity for them and create a progressive tax plan that is structured in such a way that enables the business an opportunity to grow. I plan to propose the following small business tax structure:
This would allow first time small business owners the opportunity to grow their client base, upgrade equipment to better serve their clientele, and help these new business owners pay off initial business loans needed to get started. Small businesses are the heartbeat of America; most small businesses provide support for their local community. There is no logical reason to not assist these new entrepreneurs, especially in the current economy where multi-billion-dollar corporations receive tax breaks and in some instances are tax exempt. America is built upon providing new opportunities; we need to provide new small business a chance to succeed in any way we possibly can. No Taxes on Retirement Funds Most of us look forward to the day we can retire. However, a lot of people find their retirement accounts and payments are nowhere near significant enough to live on and soon find themselves looking for supplemental income. If you file your taxes as an individual and your combined income exceeds $25,000, or if you have a joint return and you and your spouse have a combined income of more than $32,000, you will be required to pay taxes on your social security checks. In the economy we live in today with the rising prices at the pump and grocery store, not to mention the steady increase of property taxes in most states, it is not reasonable to expect anyone to live on an income below $25,000 or a couple to survive on $32,000 a year. As the representative from District 31, I will fight to eliminate taxes on retirement funds or as a short-term solution, at least increase the amount of income individuals can make before being taxed on their social security benefits. In addition, any federal tax-free income should not be counted when determining the tax on those benefits. As stated above there many areas we can cut federal spending in order to make this work; it will take undue burden off the shoulders of those hard-working Americans who have already worked and made their contributions paying taxes throughout their working years. National Water Pipeline Droughts create major issues for everyday people in affected areas, but the most impacted are local farmers. Living in Texas, we have experienced this year after year. We know this all too well and the harm this causes; that is why I would look into constructing a national water pipeline, running from the east coast to the west coast with the pipeline branching off to a central point in every state along the way. Water would be distributed from states that have an abundance of water to supply states experiencing a drought and can be used for their specific needs in the affected areas. While the federal government would take on the task of providing the main pipeline, it would be the individual states responsibility to branch from the central point throughout the state. This would assist the farming community in a significant way, ensuring crops and livestock are well cared for, while negating the negative impact on those states who struggle each year with drought. [19] |
” |
| —William Abel’s campaign website (2024)[20] | ||
Campaign finance summary
Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.
See also
2026 Elections
External links
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Candidate U.S. House Texas District 31 |
Personal |
Footnotes
- ↑ Information submitted to Ballotpedia through the Candidate Connection survey on February 5, 2024
- ↑ Information submitted to Ballotpedia through the Candidate Connection survey on January 26, 2026
- ↑ KDH News, "John Carter gets President Trump’s endorsement," December 5, 2025
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Austin American-Statesman, "Why U.S. Rep. John Carter has so many GOP opponents in his race for a 13th term," January 20, 2026
- ↑ Biographical Guide of the United States Congress, "CARTER, John R.," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ John Carter 2026 campaign website, "Meet John," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Community Impact, "Q&A: Hear from the Republican candidates running for US House District 31," January 30, 2026
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 David Berry 2026 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Linkedin, "Steve Dowell," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Steve Dowell 2026 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Abhiram Garapati 2026 campaign website, "About Abhiram Garapati," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ KDH News, "Harker Heights businessman Raymond Hamden to seek District 31 seat in Congress," March 15, 2025
- ↑ Raymond Hamden 2026 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Elvis Lossa 2026 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Elvis Lossa 2026 campaign website, "Meet Elvis Lossa," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Valentina Gomez 2026 campaign website, "Home," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Fox 7, "Offer Vince Shlomi, the 'ShamWow' guy, releases campaign ad for Texas Congressional seat," February 6, 2026
- ↑ Offer Shlomi 2026 campaign website, "About Vince," accessed February 9, 2026
- ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Abel4congress, “Issues,” accessed January 14, 2024
