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Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction Election, 2025 (February 18 primary election)

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2021
Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction
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Election details
Filing deadline: January 7, 2025
Primary: February 18, 2025
General: April 1, 2025

Pre-election incumbent(s):
Jill Underly
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
Voting in Wisconsin
Ballotpedia analysis
Federal and state primary competitiveness
State executive elections in 2025
Impact of term limits in 2025
State government trifectas
State government triplexes
Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2025
Wisconsin
executive elections
Superintendent of Public Instruction

Incumbent Jill Underly and Brittany Kinser advanced to the general election, defeating Jeff Wright in the nonpartisan primary for Wisconsin's superintendent of public instruction on February 18, 2025.

PBS Wisconsin's Steven Potter wrote, "Although the position is described as non-partisan, the job of running the state’s public school system is anything but apolitical. This is largely because of school system funding battles between the governor and the state Legislature, but also due to high-profile contemporary political issues that include transgender student policies, school library book access and bans, police in schools, and other contentious matters."[1]

Incumbent Underly sought re-election to a second term as superintendent. She was first elected in 2021, defeating Deborah Kerr 57.6% to 42.3%. Underly campaigned on getting more funding for Wisconsin schools from the state government, and said, "Our state has been underfunding schools for a long time, and we need to make the necessary investments so Wisconsin kids get a great education, and are able to compete in the global economy."[2] Underly also campaigned on increasing teacher recruitment and said she supported "additional funding to look at programs like teacher apprenticeship, look at things like grow your own programs, which are taking adults who may be already working your school but aren’t licensed as teachers and investing in them."[3] The Wisconsin Democratic Party endorsed Underly.[4]

Kinser was an education consultant, a former special education teacher, and a nonprofit executive.[5] Kinser campaigned on changing the state's curriculum, and said "We must prioritize reading, writing, math and science to provide the foundation for meaningful careers and a bright future."[2] She also focused on publishing test scores earlier than previous years and said, "It’s being transparent and getting people the information, parent and schools especially, so that they can see what’s working and what’s not working."[6] Kinser said she does not align with either party.[7][8] The CEO of the conservative think tank the Institute for Reforming Government, CJ Szafir says "I don’t think there’s any real daylight between what conservatives want in the DPI and what Brittany wants to do at the DPI."[9]

Wright was the superintendent of the Sauk Prairie School District.[10] He ran for Assembly District 51 in 2016 and 2018 as a Democrat. Wright's website said he would "make sure the DPI has a clear and collaborative strategic vision built on solutions that bridge regional, economic, and political divides."[11] Wright said he would "mak[e] sure that we’re listening to everyone and that we make sure that our doors aren’t closed to people, regardless of their opinion, especially if their children are in our schools."[12] The political action committee of the Wisconsin Education Association Council endorsed Wright.[13]

Following similar changes to standardized tests in other states, in 2024, the Department of Public Instruction revised how the state measured student performance with its Forward Exam.[14] The department modified the terms used to describe student performance and lowered the threshold for students to receive a positive evaluation. Test scores subsequently increased compared to past years after the Department implemented the new standards.[15][16] However, the changes faced criticism, including from Gov. Tony Evers (D) and Assembly Speaker Robin Vos (R).[17] Moreover, state Republicans supported a bill to restore the standards to what they were previously.[17] The bill became a factor in the race.

Underly said the changes were necessary, writing in an opinion piece, "In recent years, Wisconsin’s standards in various subjects were updated to better reflect what students should know and be able to do in the classroom...This meant the Forward Exam needed to be updated to accurately assess students on those learning goals."[18] Kinser supported the proposal to restore the old standard, and said, "I 100% agree with the new proposal for the new bill to ensure that our standards are restored and agree with the governor also that they need to be restored."[19] Wright was also critical of new standards and say legislators proposed the bill "because of the absence of system-wide collaboration and open communication...I look forward to working with our Legislature as a nonpartisan problem solver to do what is right for our schools."[17]

As of February 3, 2025, Underly has raised $39,070 and spent $28,131, Kinser has raised $15,000 and spent $0, and Wright has raised $84,793 and spent $5,634.[20] The 2021 election was the most expensive in the state's history with $2.98 million being spent among candidates and satellite groups.[21] To read more about fundraising in this race, click here.

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

Incumbent Jill Underly defeated Brittany Kinser and Adrianne Melby in the general election for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction on April 1, 2025.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jill Underly
Jill Underly (Nonpartisan)
 
52.7
 
1,148,427
Image of Brittany Kinser
Brittany Kinser (Nonpartisan)
 
46.9
 
1,022,489
Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan) (Write-in) Candidate Connection
 
0.0
 
348
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.3
 
7,305

Total votes: 2,178,569
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

Incumbent Jill Underly and Brittany Kinser defeated Jeff Wright in the primary for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction on February 18, 2025.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jill Underly
Jill Underly (Nonpartisan)
 
37.9
 
177,626
Image of Brittany Kinser
Brittany Kinser (Nonpartisan)
 
34.5
 
161,636
Image of Jeff Wright
Jeff Wright (Nonpartisan)
 
27.4
 
128,292
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.2
 
1,055

Total votes: 468,609
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Voting information

See also: Voting in Wisconsin

Election information in Wisconsin: April 1, 2025, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: April 1, 2025
  • By mail: Postmarked by March 12, 2025
  • Online: March 12, 2025

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

Yes

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: March 30, 2025
  • By mail: Received by March 27, 2025
  • Online: March 27, 2025

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: April 1, 2025
  • By mail: Received by April 1, 2025

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

March 18, 2025 to March 30, 2025

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

7:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (CDT)


Candidate connection

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Image of Jill Underly

WebsiteFacebookTwitterYouTube

Incumbent: Yes

Political Office: 

Biography:  Underly received her bachelor’s degrees in history and sociology from Indiana University-Bloomington, her master’s degree in secondary education from Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, her master's in educational administration from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and her doctorate in educational leadership and policy analysis from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She previously worked as a teacher, principal, and superintendent.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Underly said that in her second term, she would "make sure we continue to make necessary investments in our kids, as well as continue to examine how we evolve education to meet the challenges of the future."


Underly campaigned on increasing school funding: "We’ve been underfunding our schools for the last 10 plus years, and it’s time we fix that — making sure we get sustainable revenue so that our school districts don’t have to go to referendum because that’s not equitable."


Underly campaigned on increasing teacher recruitment and said she supports "additional funding to look at programs like teacher apprenticeship, look at things like grow your own programs, which are taking adults who may be already working your school but aren’t licensed as teachers and investing in them."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction in 2025.

Image of Brittany Kinser

WebsiteFacebookTwitterYouTube

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Biography:  Kinser received her bachelor's degree in special education from Eastern Illinois University in 1999, her master's in designing science curriculum from the Illinois Institute of Technology in 2006 and her master's in educational leadership from Columbia University in 2011. She previously worked as the founder of her own consultation firm and as a special education teacher and as chair of Milwaukee Charter School Advocates.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Kinser supported a bill to reverse changes to the state's educational standards, "In Wisconsin, our kids are not just going to compete against Wisconsinites...we need to be sure that our children are prepared for a bright future. And so that that is why I think it's so important that we restore those standards."


Kinser camaigned on reforming the state's curriculum saying "We must prioritize reading, writing, math and science to provide the foundation for meaningful careers and a bright future."


Kinser said test scores should be released earlier: "It’s being transparent and getting people the information, parent and schools especially, so that they can see what’s working and what’s not working."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction in 2025.

Image of Jeff Wright

WebsiteFacebook

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Biography:  Wright received his bachelor's degree in history and social sciences education from Saint Olaf College in 1997 and his master's degree in administration, planning, and social policy from Harvard University in 2003. He previously worked as a teacher, a principal, an assistant superintendent, and a superintendent. He has also served as a board member for various local community boards in the Sauk Prairie area.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Wright said he wanted to make the Department of Public Instruction more open and to "mak[e] sure that we’re listening to everyone and that we make sure that our doors aren’t closed to people, regardless of their opinion, especially if their children are in our schools."


Wright wanted to change how the state paid for schools and his website said he would "bring together legislators from both parties to engage school leaders, community advocates, business partners and parents in developing a sustainable solution that adequately and realistically funds our public schools."


Wright said he wanted to make the office more nonpartisan and his website said: "As a leader in one of the most politically diverse and “purple” regions of the state, he has consistently collaborated to win shared victories for schoolchildren and his community."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction in 2025.

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

Survey responses from candidates in this race

Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.

Expand all | Collapse all

Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I fully support Universal School Choice, including homeschooling.

I support the use of the term “mother” and “father” and not “inseminated person”.

I fully support the Constitution of the United States of America and the values our country was founded upon.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

Quality education, quality health for our children and families of Wisconsin and a cleanse of corruption from all parties.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

To have a servants attitude, to be willing to listen to all constituents and to live with honor and integrity.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I am resilient, eager to learn new things, as a current full time student I have made Deans list every semester and I want them the best for every child and family in Wisconsin.
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Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

Ensuring that every child in Wisconsin is offered the most well rounded education possible from the best teachers. One of the ways we can do that is to make sure every school has open and transparent communication with parents.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I vividly remember the Challenger explosion. We were watching the take off for school and I was in shock when it exploded and so sad for the families whose loved ones wouldn’t be coming home. I would have been 6 at the time.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

My very first job was answering phones at a well drilling and service company while I was in high school.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

Little Women and Jo’s Boys. I find that these books speak to the power of family, the resilience of people as well as the love and compassion we have can have for all children.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I’d rather just be myself in all my imperfections just as I was created.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

“Hard Fought Hallelujah” by Brandon Lake and Jelly Roll
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I have struggled to overcome childhood sexual abuse but as I grow through that, I also believe it makes my empathy for children and families an exceptional strength as well.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I believe that having quality curriculum for all students with parents input and empowering teachers to help students learn in the way that best suits them are the most important.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

I believe that having previous knowledge of politics and how our government works is beneficial for those in the elected positions but a willingness to learn and serve would be what I value as most important.
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png

Adrianne Melby (Nonpartisan)

Financial transparency is essential to maintaining integrity within the school systems. Elected officials should not be the exception to the rule but be held to the highest form of the rule thereby setting the example for all citizens of Wisconsin.


Candidate ads

Grey.png Jill Underly

Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Jill Underly while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.

Grey.png Brittany Kinser

Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Brittany Kinser while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.

Grey.png Jeff Wright

Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Jeff Wright while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.

Election competitiveness

Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls

We provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, when available. No polls were available for this election. To notify us of polls published in this election, please email us.

Endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.

Election spending

Campaign finance

Satellite spending

Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[22][23][24]

If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.

Election analysis

Following the 2024 presidential election, 62.9% of Wisconsinites lived in one of the state's 58 Solid Republican counties, which voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every election from 2016 to 2024, and 35.5% lived in one of 12 Solid Democratic counties. Overall, Wisconsin was Battleground Republican, having voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016, Joe Biden (D) in 2020, and Donald Trump (R) in 2024. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Wisconsin following the 2024 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.

Election context

Ballot access requirements

See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Wisconsin

DocumentIcon.jpg See statutes: Wisconsin Statutes and Annotations, Chapter 8

The filing process for both ballot-qualified party candidates and other candidates (e.g., independents, non-recognized party candidates, etc.) is the same. The filing procedure, however, does vary somewhat according to the type of office being sought. Please note that only ballot-qualified party candidates can participate in primaries.[25]

For federal and state candidates

A candidate for federal office must file a declaration of candidacy with the Wisconsin Elections Commission. The declaration of candidacy must state the following:[25][26]

  • that the individual is a candidate for the office named on the form
  • that the individual meets the qualifications for office, or will meet the qualifications by the time he or she assumes office if elected
  • that the individual will otherwise qualify for office if nominated and elected

The declaration of candidacy must be sworn before an individual authorized to administer oaths. The declaration of candidacy must be filed by 5:00 p.m. on June 1 preceding the election (if June 1 falls on non-business day, the form will be due on the next preceding business day).[25][26][27][28]

In addition to the declaration of candidacy, the candidate must submit nomination papers to the Wisconsin Elections Commission. The number of signatures required varies according to the office being sought. Requirements are summarized in the table below.[25][27][28]

Nomination paper signature requirements for federal candidates
Office Minimum signatures Maximum signatures
U.S. Senator 2,000 4,000
U.S. Representative 1,000 2,000
State senator 400 800
State representative 200 400
State supreme court justice 2,000 4,000

Nomination papers must be submitted by 5:00 p.m. on June 1 preceding the election (if June 1 falls on non-business day, the form will be due on the next preceding business day).[25][27][28]

Write-in candidates

On April 2, 2014, Governor Scott Walker signed into law AB 419, which requires that write-in candidates file campaign finance statements in order to have their votes tallied. Otherwise, there are no specific filing requirements for write-in candidates.[29]

Past elections

The section below details election results for this office in elections dating back to 2013.

2021

See also: Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction election, 2021

General election

General election for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jill Underly
Jill Underly (Nonpartisan)
 
57.6
 
526,406
Image of Deborah Kerr
Deborah Kerr (Nonpartisan)
 
42.3
 
386,543
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.2
 
1,420

Total votes: 914,369
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jill Underly
Jill Underly (Nonpartisan)
 
27.2
 
88,796
Image of Deborah Kerr
Deborah Kerr (Nonpartisan)
 
26.4
 
86,174
Image of Sheila Briggs
Sheila Briggs (Nonpartisan) Candidate Connection
 
15.6
 
50,815
Image of Shandowlyon Hendricks Reaves
Shandowlyon Hendricks Reaves (Nonpartisan) Candidate Connection
 
11.3
 
36,850
Image of Troy Gunderson
Troy Gunderson (Nonpartisan)
 
8.4
 
27,452
Image of Steve Krull
Steve Krull (Nonpartisan)
 
6.3
 
20,543
Joe Fenrick (Nonpartisan)
 
4.4
 
14,507
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.3
 
937

Total votes: 326,074
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2017

See also: Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction election, 2017

General election

General election for Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

Candidate
Image of Tony Evers
Tony Evers (Nonpartisan)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2013

See also: Wisconsin state executive official elections, 2013

Incumbent Tony Evers ran for and won re-election in 2013. He defeated state rep. Don Pridemore with approximately 61 percent of the vote in the general election on April 2, 2013.[30]

Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction General Election, 2013
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Nonpartisan Green check mark transparent.pngTony Evers Incumbent 61.1% 487,030
     Nonpartisan Don Pridemore 38.7% 308,050
     Scattering Various 0.2% 1,431
Total Votes 796,511
Election Results via Wisconsin Government Accountability Board (dead link).


About the office

Superintendent of Public Instruction

See also: Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction

The Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction is an elected position in the Wisconsin state government. The superintendent's responsibilities include providing leadership for Wisconsin's public school districts, providing the public with information about school management, attendance, and performance, licensing the state's teachers, and receiving and disbursing federal aid for schools.[31]

2025 battleground elections

See also: Battlegrounds

This is a battleground election. Other 2025 battleground elections include:

See also

Wisconsin State Executive Elections News and Analysis
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Wisconsin State Executive Offices
Wisconsin State Legislature
Wisconsin Courts
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Wisconsin elections: 2025202420232022202120202019201820172016
Party control of state government
State government trifectas
State of the state addresses
Partisan composition of governors

External links

Footnotes

  1. PBS Wisconsin, "Brittany Kinser, Dr. Jill Underly and Jeff Wright face off in the 2025 primary for Wisconsin state superintendent," January 8, 2025
  2. 2.0 2.1 Milwaukee Sentinel Journal, "A primary race could be shaping up for Wisconsin's top education official," December 19, 2024
  3. WBAY, "Incumbent State Superintendent Underly details priorities if reelected," February 4, 2025
  4. Wisconsin Democrats, "Democratic Party of Wisconsin Endorses Dr. Jill Underly for Reelection as Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction," November 21, 2024
  5. Wisconsin Examiner, "Two candidates officially challenge state schools Superintendent Jill Underly," January 7, 2025
  6. Wisc News, "Changing academic standards becomes a central issue of Wisconsin superintendent race," January 27, 2025
  7. WisPolitics, "Reversing course, Kinser files for state schools superintendent race," December 17, 2024
  8. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MSJ
  9. Wisconsin Watch, "Race for Wisconsin education chief lacks traditional conservative candidate," February 3, 2025
  10. Wisconsin Examiner, "State superintendent race kicks off: Underly faces challenge from Sauk Prairie superintendent," December 5, 2024
  11. Jeff Wright, "Vision," accessed January 27, 2025
  12. Wisconsin Examiner, "State superintendent race kicks off: Underly faces challenge from Sauk Prairie superintendent," December 5, 2024
  13. PBS Wisconsin, "Brittany Kinser, Dr. Jill Underly and Jeff Wright face off in the 2025 primary for Wisconsin state superintendent," January 8, 2025
  14. CBS 58, "State superintendent defends lowering test standards, changing terms away from 'basic' and 'below basic'," September 3, 2024
  15. WPR Nes' "New Wisconsin standards label nearly half of students at grade level in math and reading," October 8, 2024
  16. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, "What to know about Wisconsin's change in state test scores and the GOP push to restore previous benchmarks," January 31, 2025
  17. 17.0 17.1 17.2 Wisconsin Examiner, "GOP lawmakers propose reverting to old testing standards as Superintendent Underly defends changes," January 24, 2025
  18. The Cap Times, "Wisconsin school superintendent race draws three candidates," October 10, 2024
  19. Channel 3000, "Meet DPI superintendent candidate Brittany Kinser," January 23, 2025
  20. Wisconsin Campaign Finance Information System, "View Filed Reports," accessed February 3, 2025
  21. Wisconsin Democracy Campaign, "Spring School Superintendent Race Cost Record $3 Million," July 19, 2021
  22. OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
  23. OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
  24. National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
  25. 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 Government Accountability Board, "Ballot Access Manual (2023)," accessed apRIL 25, 2025
  26. 26.0 26.1 Wisconsin Statutes and Annotations, "Chapter 8, Section 21," accessed April 28, 2025
  27. 27.0 27.1 27.2 Wisconsin Statutes and Annotations, "Chapter 8, Section 20," accessed April 28, 2025
  28. 28.0 28.1 28.2 Wisconsin Statutes and Annotations, "Chapter 8, Section 15," accessed April 28, 2025
  29. Ballot Access News, "Wisconsin Will No Longer Count Write-in Votes Unless Write-in Candidate Files Paperwork," May 17, 2014
  30. Wisconsin Government Accountability Board, "2013 Spring Election"
  31. Wisconsin Statutes, "115.28" accessed July 20, 2012