Work requirements for public assistance in Michigan

• Work requirements
  • Index of articles related to work requirements
  • Work requirements for public assistance in the states
  • Medicaid work requirements
  • Public housing work requirements
  • Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) work requirements
  • Child care subsidy work requirements
• Major arguments
  • Arguments against work requirements for public assistance programs
  • Arguments in favor of work requirements for public assistance programs
• Reform proposals
  • Reform proposals related to Medicaid work requirements
  • Reform proposals related to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program work requirements
  • Reform proposals related to public housing work requirements
  • Reform proposals related to child care subsidy work requirements
• Laws
• Court cases
• Scholarly work
• Related federal agencies
  • Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
  • U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

See also: Reform proposals related to work requirements for public assistance programs

This page provides information about work requirements for public assistance in Michigan as of December 2024.

Work requirements for public assistance refer to conditions that require participation in employment-related activities to qualify for the assistance. These activities may include job searching, engaging in job training, volunteering, or working a specified number of hours each week.

Public assistance programs involve the division of responsibilities between the federal government and state governments. The federal government sets eligibility criteria, provides guidelines, and allocates funding for these programs, while states are responsible for administering them and, in some cases, have the authority to tailor the programs to meet local needs.

Ballotpedia has tracked work requirements in Michigan related to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), child care subsidies, Medicaid, and public housing. Click here to see work requirements for public assistance in other states.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Previously called food stamps, the federal work requirement is generally 30 hours per week, but for Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWDs), it is 20 hours per week. States can request temporary waivers from the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) to exempt recipients from ABAWD work requirements in areas with an unemployment rate above 10% or insufficient job opportunities. ABAWDs who fail to meet the work requirement can only receive SNAP benefits for up to 3 months in a 36-month period unless they meet the requirement or are exempt.

Child care subsidies

Federal law requires parents receiving Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) subsidies to work or engage in work-related activities. States have flexibility in defining eligible activities, which may include employment, job search, self-employment, education or training, foster care, and subsidized guardianship. Employment is an approved activity for CCDF subsidies in all states, and some states also allow subsidies for education and training.

Medicaid

Medicaid work requirements are eligibility conditions that require recipients to complete certain work-related activities—such as working, pursuing education, participating in a work program, or volunteering—in order to qualify for or maintain benefits. The budget reconciliation bill that was signed into law on July 4, 2025 requires states to adopt community engagement requirements for able-bodied adults without dependents on Medicaid by January 1, 2027.

Public housing

Public housing work requirements mandate that adult residents (who are not elderly, disabled, or already employed) complete eight hours of community service per month to remain eligible for assistance. Public housing authorities (PHAs) in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Moving to Work (MTW) Program can establish additional work requirements. PHAs must apply to the MTW program to create such requirements.

The following table outlines Michigan's public assistance work requirements by type as of December 2024, including both state and federal requirements, as well as the options available to states for establishing or temporarily suspending work requirements.

Michigan work requirements for public assistance, by type
Type of public assistance	Michigan requirements	Federal requirements	State options
SNAP	partial waiver as of 2024	20 hours (general)/30 hours (ABAWD)	States can request and implement temporary waivers for the ABAWD work requirements.
Child care subsidy(CCDF)	None	Required, but undefined	States have the authority to set work requirements for child care subsidies.
Medicaid	None	None	States can apply for Section 1115 waivers to implement work requirements, but they must receive approval from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS).
Public housing	None	Eight hours of community service	Public housing authorities must apply to the Moving to Work (MTW) Program to implement work requirements.

Work requirements by type of public assistance

Click the tabs below to learn details about each public assistance program:

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Child care subsidy (CCDF)

Medicaid

Public housing

See also: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program work requirements

Federal law establishes foundational guidelines for SNAP work requirements, setting minimum standards that include defined work hours—SNAP work requirements do not vary by state. While states do not have the authority to fully implement their own specific rules, there is some flexibility in how they administer SNAP. States can determine the specifics of work requirements, define acceptable work activities, and establish processes for tracking compliance.

Michigan SNAP work requirements

The general SNAP work requirement in Michigan is 30 hours per week. Additionally, for Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWDs), the requirement is to work at least 80 hours per month or 20 hours per week. As of the fourth quarter of the 2024 fiscal year, Michigan has a partial waiver for work requirements.

Michigan code regarding Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) work requirements

The following is the text of the Michigan Health & Human Services website regarding Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) work requirements:

How does an able-bodied individual meet the work requirements?

“

There are three ways an individual can meet the time limit work requirements: Work an average of at least 20 hours per week each month in unsubsidized, self and/or in-kind employment. Participate 20 hours per week in an approved employment and training program, averaged monthly (available in select counties only). Participate in community service by volunteering at a nonprofit organization. You may be exempt from meeting work requirements if you meet any of the following federal criteria: Are physically or mentally unable to work. Receive Retirement, Survivors and Disability Insurance due to disability or blindness, or receives Supplemental Security Income or State Disability Assistance. Are pregnant. Receive or are an applicant for unemployment benefits. Participate in a drug or alcohol treatment and rehabilitation program. Attend training or college at least half-time and meet the student eligibility criteria to receive food assistance. Care for an incapacitated person or a child under age 6 (they do not have to live with you). Reside in a household with a child under age 18. Homeless Veteran An individual who is 24 years of age or younger and who was in foster care under the responsibility of a State on the date of attaining 18 years of age or such higher age as the State has elected.

”

Federal SNAP work requirements

See also: U.S. Department of Agriculture

SNAP has two types of work requirements: general work requirements and able-bodied adult without dependents (ABAWD) work requirements. The following sections provide information about the two types of SNAP work requirements.

General SNAP work requirements

General SNAP work requirements mandate that individuals aged 16 to 59 who can work must complete the following work-related activities:

• Register for work
• Participate in SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) programs
• Take a suitable job if it is offered
• Not voluntarily quit a job or reduce work hours below 30 hours a week without cause.

Individuals do not have to register for general work requirements if they already meet the following conditions when they apply for SNAP benefits:

• Work at least 30 hours a week
• Meet work requirements for another public benefits program
• Care for a child under six years old or an incapacitated person
• Are unable to work due to a physical or mental limitation
• Are participating in an alcohol or drug treatment program
• Are studying in school
• Are attending a training program

Able-bodied adult without dependents (ABAWD) work requirements

The ABAWD (Able-Bodied Adult Without Dependents) work requirement under SNAP applies to individuals aged 18 to 64 without children. To remain eligible for SNAP, ABAWDs must meet one of the following work-related activities:

• Work or Volunteer: At least 80 hours per month (about 20 hours per week).
• Participate in a Work Program: Participate in a federal, state, or local work program, such as SNAP Education and Training (E&T), for at least 80 hours per month.

Time Limit for ABAWDs

ABAWDs who do not meet the work requirement can only receive SNAP benefits for three months in a 36-month period. After reaching this time limit, they lose eligibility for benefits unless they start meeting the work requirement.

Requalifying for SNAP Benefits

If an ABAWD loses eligibility due to failing to meet the work requirement, they can requalify for benefits by meeting the work requirement for 30 consecutive days. However, if they do not meet the work requirement within this 30-day period, they will be ineligible for SNAP for the next three years.

Time Limit Waivers

States can request temporary waivers for ABAWD work requirements in areas where jobs are scarce. These waivers apply in places with an unemployment rate above 10%, or in noncontiguous states (Alaska and Hawaii) if the unemployment rate is at or above 1.5 times the national unemployment rate.

As of the third quarter of the 2025 fiscal year, three states had full ABAWD time limit waivers, and 25 states had waivers for specific counties with high unemployment.

See also: Child care subsidy work requirements

States are responsible for defining the activities that qualify a family for child care subsidies through the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF), such as work requirements, education participation, and community service. Employment is an approved activity for CCDF funding in every state and some states also approve subsidies for parents participating in education and training activities.

Michigan child care subsidy (CCDF) work requirements

There is no work requirement for a child care subsidy (CCDF) in Michigan as of December 2024.

Federal child care subsidy work requirements

Federal law requires that parents receiving CCDF child care subsidies work or complete work-related activities. States are responsible for defining the activities that qualify a family for assistance through CCDF, including work requirements, education participation, and community service. Employment is an approved activity for CCDF funding in every state and some states also approve subsidies for parents participating in education and training activities. Working, periods of job search, self-employment, attending job training or education-related activities, foster care, and subsidized guardianship are activities that meet eligibility standards for CCDF subsidies in different states. State agencies have flexibility in determining eligibility for CCDF subsidies, according to HHS regulations.

See also: Medicaid work requirements

Medicaid work requirements are mandated work-related activities that Medicaid recipients must complete to qualify for benefits, such as applying for a job, interviewing for a job, or participating in job training or volunteer activities. Section 1115 of the Social Security Act of 1935 allows states to apply to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) for approval to develop state-level Medicaid work requirement programs.

Michigan Medicaid work requirements

There are no Medicaid work requirements in Michigan as of December 2024.

Michigan's Medicaid history includes an attempt to implement work requirements for eligibility through a Section 1115 waiver, which was approved by CMS on Dec. 21, 2018. A lawsuit filed on Nov. 22, 2019, led to a March 4, 2020, court ruling blocking the work requirements. On April 6, 2021, CMS withdrew the waiver, citing it didn’t meet program objectives.

Federal Medicaid work requirements

Federal law does not universally impose work requirements for Medicaid until 2027. Instead, work requirements have been introduced through state-level waivers under Section 1115 of the Social Security Act. These waivers allow states to experiment with different approaches to Medicaid, including work-related criteria. As of 2024, only Georgia has a Medicaid work requirement.

See also: Public housing work requirements

Public housing work requirements are mandated work-related activities that public housing recipients must complete to maintain eligibility for housing assistance, such as applying for a job, interviewing for a job, or participating in job training or volunteer activities.

Michigan public housing work requirements

There are 15 public housing authorities (PHAs) in Michigan. Two PHAs are part of the Move to Work (MTW) program, but none list work requirements in their annual applications as of August 2023.

Federal public housing work requirements

The federally required work-related activity is eight hours of community service per month for adult residents of public housing who are not elderly, disabled, or already working. Public housing authorities (PHAs) in the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Move to Work (MTW) program have the flexibility to implement additional work requirements.

Of the 123 public housing authorities (PHAs) authorized to establish work requirements under the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Move to Work (MTW) Demonstration Program, 17 had work requirements as of January 9, 2024.

Public housing authorities with work requirements

Noteworthy events

• Young v. Azar (2020): Michigan submitted a Section 1115 waiver to amend the state Medicaid program and institute work requirements for eligibility on September 10, 2018. CMS approved Michigan's Medicaid work requirement on December 21, 2018. A group of Medicaid recipients from Michigan sued HHS Secretary Alex Azar in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia on November 22, 2019. A three-judge panel on March 3, 2020, ruled that the approval of work requirements for Medicaid in Michigan were unlawful, citing Azar v. Gresham.

See also

• Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program work requirements
• Medicaid work requirements
• Public housing work requirements
• Child care subsidy work requirements

External links

• Search Google News for this topic

Footnotes

Ballotpedia

About

Overview • What people are saying • Support Ballotpedia • Contact • Contribute • Job opportunities

---

Executive: Leslie Graves, Founder and CEO • Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer

Communications: Alison Graves, Director of Communications • Carley Allensworth • Abigail Campbell • Frank Festa • Sarah Groat • Nathaniel Harwood • Dillon Redmond • Erica Shumaker
External Relations: Geoff Pallay, Director of External Relations • Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy • Ashley Fleming • Thomas Mardik • Hannah Nelson
Operations: Meghann Olshefski, Director of Operations • Amanda Herbert • Mandy Morris • Caroline Presnell • Kelly Rindfleisch
Tech: Matt Latourelle, Director of Technology Operations • Ryan Burch • Kirsten Corrao • Beth Dellea • Travis Eden • Tate Kamish • Margaret Kearney • Eric Lotto • Joseph Sanchez • Mary Susmitha

Contributors: Scott Rasmussen

---

Editorial Content

Josh Altic, Director of Content • Daniel Anderson, Associate Director of Elections & Data • Cory Eucalitto, Associate Director of Features • Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor of Ballot Measures • Mandy McConnell, Managing Editor of News • Doug Kronaizl, Managing Editor of Local Expansion • Abbey Smith, Managing Editor of Elections • Janie Valentine, Managing Editor of Law • Joel Williams. Managing Editor of Events • Andrew Bahl • Jaclyn Beran • Marielle Bricker • Joseph Brusgard • Emma Burlingame • Kelly Coyle • Jon Dunn • Thomas Ellis • Nicole Fisher • Joseph Greaney • Thomas Grobben • Jaime Healy-Plotkin • Brianna Hosea • Molly Kehoe • Tyler King • Glorie Martinez • Norm Leahy, Senior Editor • Nathan Maxwell • Jimmy McAllister • Brandon McCauley • Ellie Mikus • Ellen Morrissey • Mackenzie Murphy • Kaley Platek • Samantha Post • Adam Powell • Annelise Reinwald • Ethan Rice • Spencer Richardson • Victoria Rose • Briana Ryan • Myj Saintyl • Maddy Salucka • Emma Soukup • Alexis Thacker • Mina Vogel • Samuel Wonacott • Trenton Woodcox