Email: Learning Journey: Civil Service Day 3

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  Today, we take a look at recent civil service changes at the federal and state levels.

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Welcome back to the third installment of Ballotpedia’s Learning Journey on the civil service. Today, we take a look at recent civil service changes at the federal and state levels. President Trump’s civil service executive orders President Trump issued the following three executive orders in May 2018 aimed at strengthening executive oversight of the civil service by facilitating the removal of poor-performing federal employees and streamlining collective bargaining procedures: Executive Order 13836: Developing Efficient, Effective, and Cost-Reducing Approaches to Federal Sector Collective Bargaining E.O. 13836 aims to streamline processes for federal collective bargaining negotiations. The order put forth negotiating timelines and established the Interagency Labor Relations Working Group, among other provisions. The executive action broadly seeks to "assist executive departments and agencies in developing efficient, effective, and cost-reducing collective bargaining agreements," according to the order. Executive Order 13837: Ensuring Transparency, Accountability, and Efficiency in Taxpayer Funded Union Time Use E.O. 13837 aims to minimize taxpayer costs associated with federal collective bargaining activities. The executive action seeks to "ensure that taxpayer-funded union time is used efficiently and authorized in amounts that are reasonable, necessary, and in the public interest," according to the order. Executive Order 13839: Promoting Accountability and Streamlining Removal Procedures Consistent with Merit System Principles E.O. 13839 aims to streamline the discipline and dismissal processes for poor-performing federal employees. The executive action seeks to advance "the ability of supervisors in agencies to promote civil servant accountability consistent with merit system principles while simultaneously recognizing employees’ procedural rights and protections," according to the order. Read On: Executive Order 13838 Executive Order 13837 Executive Order 13839 Pop Quiz! What term is commonly used to describe the system of patronage appointments in the early civil service? Spoils system Reward system Preference system Achievement system Civil service changes in the states Like the federal civil service, states have their own civil service systems in which members have varying degrees of job protections. A number of states in recent years have transitioned from traditional civil service systems akin to the federal model toward at-will systems that aim to increase executive control over employee hiring, discipline, compensation, and termination. Lawmakers in the following selected states have instituted at-will changes to the civil service: Georgia (1996): Lawmakers passed legislation that categorized all new civil service hires as members of the unclassified service, or at-will employees. Existing civil service personnel retained their job protections as members of the classified service. By 2012, 88% of Georgia’s civil service members were at-will employees. Florida (2001): State legislators passed the “Service First” law, which recategorized more than 16,000 civil service positions as at-will employees. The law also eliminated seniority status for selected personnel, made changes to employee grievance procedures, and extended probationary periods. Indiana (2011): Lawmakers approved a budget bill that reduced the number of classified positions in the civil service, increased the number of at-will employees, and established a pay-for-performance system. Arizona (2012): Governor Jan Brewer (R) signed legislation requiring that all new civil service hires be classified as at-will employees. Tennessee (2012): Governor Bill Haslam (R) signed legislation that created a two-tiered civil service system made up of the executive service and the preferred service. Members of the executive service were hired as at-will employees while members of the preferred service retained appeal rights over wrongful terminations. What's next? Tomorrow we wrap up our Learning Journey with a review of the key concepts. Review: Executive Order 13836 Executive Order 13837 Executive Order 13839 Taxonomy of arguments about executive appointment and removal power

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