Election results, 2025: State government trifectas
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There is one state government trifecta—a Democratic trifecta in New Jersey—with two trifecta offices (governorship and state house) on the ballot in 2025. A state government trifecta describes when one political party holds the governorship and majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. Virginia, which has a divided government where neither party holds trifecta control, is holding elections for governor and the state house in 2025.
Heading into the 2025 elections, there are 23 Republican trifectas and 15 Democratic trifectas in total. There are 12 divided governments heading into the 2025 elections. From 1992 to 2023, the most trifectas for each party was 18 for Democrats (1993) and 26 for Republicans (2018).
Click here to see the partisan balance of all trifectas before and after the 2025 elections.
Election results and analysis for state government trifectas will be available here once they become available on election night.
On this page you will find:
- Trifectas on the ballot in 2025
- Partisan balance of all trifectas
- Historical changes in trifecta status
- Analysis of state elections, 2025
Trifectas on the ballot in 2025
In 2025, there is one trifecta—a Democratic trifecta in New Jersey—with two trifecta offices (governorship and state house) on the ballot in 2025. Virginia, which has a divided government where neither party holds trifecta control, is holding elections for governor and the state house in 2025. The table below highlights the partisan balance of those trifectas before the election, and will be updated following the elections to reflect any changes in trifecta status.
| Party | As of the 2025 elections | After the 2025 elections |
|---|---|---|
 Democratic |
1 | TBD |
 Republican |
0 | TBD |
 Divided governments |
1 | TBD |
The table below lists each trifecta office on the ballot in 2025.
| State | Governor | Election in 2025 | Upper chamber | Election in 2025 | Lower chamber | Election in 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | Phil Murphy |
Yes | |
No | |
Yes |
| Virginia | Glenn Youngkin |
Yes | |
No | |
Yes |
The map below highlights states holding gubernatorial and state legislative elections by partisan control.
Partisan balance of all trifectas
Heading into the 2025 election, there are 23 Republican trifectas, 15 Democratic trifectas, and 12 divided governments where neither party holds trifecta control. The table below highlights the trifecta status of all 50 states before the 2025 elections and will be updated following the November elections based on states' trifecta statuses following the elections.
| Party | As of the 2025 elections | After the 2025 elections |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic |
15 | TBD |
| Republican |
23 | TBD |
| Divided governments |
12 | TBD |
The map below highlights each state by trifecta status before and after the 2025 elections. Click the blue links above the color key to switch the view between pre-election and post-election partisan control.
Historical changes in trifecta status
The following chart displays how many trifectas each party held between 1992 and 2025. Because newly-elected officeholders are not sworn in until December of the election year or January of the following year, changes in trifecta status as a result of general elections are reflected in the following year's numbers.
The table below shows the changes in trifectas each year since 1992.
| Changes in trifectas by year, 1992-2025 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Total trifectas | Democratic trifectas | Republican trifectas | Change |
| 2025 | 38 | 15 | 23 | -2 D |
| 2024 | 40 | 17 | 23 | +1 R |
| 2023 | 39 | 17 | 22 | +3 D, -1 R |
| 2022 | 37 | 14 | 23 | -1 D |
| 2021 | 38 | 15 | 23 | +2 R |
| 2020 | 36 | 15 | 21 | +1 D, -1 R |
| 2019 | 36 | 14 | 22 | +6 D, -4 R |
| 2018 | 34 | 8 | 26 | +2 D, +1 R |
| 2017 | 31 | 6 | 25 | -1 D, +2 R |
| 2016 | 30 | 7 | 23 | -1 R |
| 2015 | 31 | 7 | 24 | -6 D |
| 2014 | 37 | 13 | 24 | +1 D, -1 R |
| 2013 | 37 | 12 | 25 | +1 D, +2 R |
| 2012 | 34 | 11 | 23 | +1 R |
| 2011 | 33 | 11 | 22 | -5 D, +13 R |
| 2010 | 25 | 16 | 9 | -1 D, -1 R |
| 2009 | 27 | 17 | 10 | +3 D |
| 2008 | 24 | 14 | 10 | -1 D |
| 2007 | 25 | 15 | 10 | +7 D, -3 R |
| 2006 | 21 | 8 | 13 | No change |
| 2005 | 21 | 8 | 13 | -1 D |
| 2004 | 22 | 9 | 13 | +1 D |
| 2003 | 21 | 8 | 13 | +1 R |
| 2002 | 20 | 8 | 12 | -2 R |
| 2001 | 22 | 8 | 14 | -1 D, -2 R |
| 2000 | 25 | 9 | 16 | +1 R |
| 1999 | 24 | 9 | 15 | +2 D, +2 R |
| 1998 | 20 | 7 | 13 | +1 R |
| 1997 | 19 | 7 | 12 | -1 D, -2 R |
| 1996 | 22 | 8 | 14 | -1 D, -1 R |
| 1995 | 24 | 9 | 15 | -8 D, +11 R |
| 1994 | 21 | 17 | 4 | -1 D, +1 R |
| 1993 | 21 | 18 | 3 | +2 D |
| 1992 | 19 | 16 | 3 | N/A |
The chart below shows the change in number of trifectas of each party from the previous year.
Click [show] on the table below to see each change in state trifectas from 2010 to 2025.
| Trifecta changes, 2010-2025 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Change | Trifecta Change | Date | |||
| Michigan | State House party change |  Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2024 | |||
| Minnesota | State House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2024 | |||
| Louisiana | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate |  Republican trifecta gained |
November 2023 | |||
| Arizona | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2022 | |||
| Maryland | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2022 | |||
| Massachusetts | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2022 | |||
| Michigan | State Senate and state House party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2022 | |||
| Minnesota | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2022 | |||
| Nevada | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2022 | |||
| Virginia | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate, state House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2021 | |||
| Montana | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2020 | |||
| New Hampshire | State Senate and state House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2020 | |||
| Kentucky | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2019 | |||
| Virginia | State Senate and state House party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2019 | |||
| Colorado | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| Illinois | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| Maine | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate and state Senate party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| New Mexico | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| New York | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| Nevada | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2018 | |||
| Kansas | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2018 | |||
| Michigan | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2018 | |||
| Wisconsin | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2018 | |||
| New Hampshire | State Senate and state House party changes | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2018 | |||
| New Jersey | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2017 | |||
| Washington | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2017 | |||
| West Virginia | Governor changed party affiliation | Republican trifecta gained |
August 2017 | |||
| North Carolina | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2016 | |||
| Missouri | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2016 | |||
| Vermont | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2016 | |||
| New Hampshire | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2016 | |||
| Iowa | State Senate party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2016 | |||
| Kentucky | State House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2016 | |||
| Nevada | State Senate and House party change | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2016 | |||
| Louisiana | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2015 | |||
| Alaska | Gubernatorial race won by independent candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Arkansas | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2014 | |||
| Colorado | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Illinois | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Maryland | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Massachusetts | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Minnesota | State House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Nevada | State Senate and House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2014 | |||
| Pennsylvania | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| West Virginia | State Senate and House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2014 | |||
| Virginia | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2013 | |||
| Rhode Island | Governor changed party affiliation | Democratic trifecta gained |
May 2013 | |||
| Colorado | State House party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2012 | |||
| Minnesota | State Senate and House party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2012 | |||
| Oregon | State House party change | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2012 | |||
| Arkansas | State Senate and House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2012 | |||
| Alaska | State Senate party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2012 | |||
| North Carolina | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2012 | |||
| Maine | State Senate and House party change | Republican trifecta lost |
November 2012 | |||
| Washington | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2012 | |||
| Mississippi | State House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2011 | |||
| Virginia | Control of state Senate split; tie-breaking vote held by Republican lieutenant governor | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2011 | |||
| Louisiana | State Senate party change | Republican trifecta gained |
February 2011 | |||
| Alabama | State Senate and House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| California | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Colorado | State House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| Connecticut | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Florida | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Hawaii | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Indiana | State House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Iowa | State House party change and gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| Kansas | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Maine | State Senate, state House, and governorship party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Michigan | State House party change and gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| New Hampshire | State Senate and House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| New Mexico | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| New York | State Senate party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| North Carolina | State Senate and House party change | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| Ohio | State House party change and gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Oklahoma | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Oregon | State House changed to a split balance | Democratic trifecta lost |
November 2010 | |||
| Pennsylvania | State House party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Tennessee | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Vermont | Gubernatorial race won by Democratic candidate | Democratic trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Wisconsin | State Senate, state House, and governorship party change | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Wyoming | Gubernatorial race won by Republican candidate | Republican trifecta gained |
November 2010 | |||
| Florida | Governor changed party affiliation | Republican trifecta lost |
April 2010 | |||
Analysis of state elections, 2025
State legislative elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2025
As of October 28th, 2025, Republicans controlled 55.4% of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held 43.65%. Republicans held a majority in 57 chambers, and Democrats held the majority in 39 chambers. Two chambers (Alaska House and Alaska Senate) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. One chamber (Minnesota House of Representatives) was split evenly between both parties.
| Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Legislative chamber |
|
|
 Other
|
Vacant | ||||
| State senates | 831 | 1,120 | 5 | 17 | ||||
| State houses | 2,393 | 2,972 | 20 | 28 | ||||
| Total: | 3,224
|
4,092
|
25
|
45 | ||||
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2025 state legislative elections.
- Ballotpedia's Top 10 Elections to Watch, 2025
- Annual Competitiveness Report
- State legislative special elections
- Primary election competitiveness in state government, 2025
- Impact of term limits
- Trifecta vulnerability in the 2025 elections
- Data on incumbents defeated in 2025
- Characteristics of incumbents defeated in 2025
- Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors in the 2025 elections
- Contested primaries
- Open seats
- Incumbents in contested primaries
- Major party competition
- Unconstested incumbents
State executive elections
- See also: State executive official elections, 2025
State executive offices up for election in 2025 include two gubernatorial seats, two lieutenant gubernatorial seats, and one attorney general seat. Including down-ballot races, there are eight state executive seats up for election across four states in 2025.[1]
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2025 state executive elections.
- Ballotpedia's Top 10 Elections to Watch, 2025
- Annual Competitiveness Report
- State executive official elections overview
- Primary election competitiveness in state government, 2025
- Gubernatorial elections
- Secretary of State elections
- Attorney General elections
- Historical and potential changes in trifectas
- State government trifectas
- Endorsements of school board members by state executive officeholders and candidates, 2025
- Impact of term limits on state executive elections
- Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors
State judicial elections
- See also: State judicial elections, 2025
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2025 state judicial elections.
See also
- Election results, 2025
- Election results, 2025: Governors
- Election results, 2025: State executive officials
- State legislative elections, 2025
- State government triplexes
Footnotes
- ↑ Ballotpedia describes the offices of governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, and secretary of state as top-ballot state executive offices. Down-ballot state executive offices that exist in all 50 states include superintendent of schools, insurance commissioner, agriculture commissioner, labor commissioner, and public service commissioner. Examples of other down-ballot state executive offices include treasurer, auditor, and comptroller.
