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Boundary Compact Between Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota

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Boundary Compact Between Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota
Formation date: 1947
Member jurisdictions: 3
Issue(s): Boundaries
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The Boundary Compact Between Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota is an interstate compact among Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The compact was created to define the boundaries between the three members states.[1]

Text of the compact

The legislature of each member state passes the laws with certain modifications, but the core of the legislation remains the same. The text below is from the Michigan State Legislature.

2.201 Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan interstate boundary compact; boundaries.
The following compact is hereby ratified and approved:
A COMPACT
Entered into by and between the state of Minnesota, the state of Wisconsin and the state of Michigan, state signatories hereto.

The contracting states solemnly agree:

That the boundary between the state of Michigan and the state of Wisconsin in the center of lake Michigan be and it hereby is finally fixed and established as the line marked A-B-C-D-E-F-G on the map, which line is more particularly described as follows:

Starting at Point A, a point equidistant from either shore on the line which is the eastward continuation of the boundary line between Wisconsin and Illinois or latitude 42* 29' 37" north;

Thence to Point B, a point equidistant from either shore on the line drawn through the Port Washington fog signal and storm signal and the White lake storm signal, on a true azimuth of 354* 12' 00," a distance of 61.55 statute miles;

Thence to Point C, a point equidistant from either shore on a line drawn through the Sheboygan coast guard storm signal, fog signal, radio beacon and Little Sable Point light, on a true azimuth of 03* 01' 15," a distance of 22.18 statute miles;

Thence to Point D, a point equidistant from either shore on a line drawn through the Twin River Point light and fog signal and Big Sable fog and light signal, on a true azimuth of 10* 04' 30," a distance of 30.33 statute miles;

Thence to Point E, a point equidistant from either shore on a line from Bailey's Harbor inland light and Point Betsie fog signal, radio beacon, and distance finding station, on a true azimuth of 17* 09' 55," a distance of 54.20 statute miles;

Thence to Point F, a point equidistant from either shore on a line drawn through the Pilot Island light and fog signal and Sleeping Bear Point light, on a true azimuth of 33* 29' 10," a distance of 17.24 statute miles;
Thence to Point G, the point determined by the United States supreme court decree of March 12, 1936, which is a point 45,600 meters from the center of Rock Island passage on a bearing of south 60* east, on a true azimuth of 49* 34' 10," a distance of 15.66 statute miles.

The latitude and longitude of the named control points is as follows:

  • Point A: Latitude 42*29'37," Longitude 87*01'15"
  • Point B: Latitude 43*22'50," Longitude 87*08'50"
  • Point C: Latitude 43*42'00," Longitude 87*07'20"
  • Point D: Latitude 44*07'55," Longitude 87*00'45"
  • Point E: Latitude 44*52'50," Longitude 86*41'10"
  • Point F: Latitude 45*05'20," Longitude 86*29'30"
  • Point G: Latitude 45*14'10," Longitude 86*14'55"

2.202 Boundaries in Lake Superior.

Sec. 2. That the western boundary of the state of Michigan in the waters of lake Superior and the eastern boundary in the waters of lake Superior of the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin be and it hereby is finally fixed and established as the line marked M-N on the map, which line is more particularly described as follows:
Starting at Point M, the point where the line through the middle of the main channel of the Montreal river enters lake Superior;
Thence in a direct line to Point N, the point where a line drawn through the most easterly point of Pigeon Point and the most southerly point of Pine Point intersects the international boundary, on a true azimuth of 23° 27' 24", a distance of 108.86 statute miles.

The latitude and longitude of the named control points is:

Point M: Latitude 46°34'05" Longitude 90°25'05"
Point N: Latitude 48°00'50" Longitude 89°29'00"

2.203 Measurements of azimuths.

Sec. 3. All azimuths are measured clockwise from true north.

2.204 Effective date, ratification

Sec. 4. That this compact shall become operative immediately upon its ratification by any state as between it and the other state or states so ratifying. Ratification shall be made by act of the legislature of the ratifying state.

2.205 Joint survey commission; surveying and marking, expenses.

Sec. 5. That immediately upon ratification of this compact by all 3 states, each state will appoint 2 members to a joint survey commission to survey and mark the boundaries defined in this compact by establishing and perpetuating monuments at the reference points on shore by means of which the control points of said boundaries are located. The expense of marking the lake Michigan boundary shall be borne jointly by the states of Michigan and Wisconsin; and the expense of marking the boundary line described in section 2 above shall be borne equally by the states of Minnesota, Michigan and Wisconsin. The expense of marking the lake Superior and Superior bay boundary between Minnesota and Wisconsin shall be borne jointly by the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin.

2.206 Maps, duplicates.

Sec. 6. The maps referred to in the above compact are the original maps on file with the report of the representatives of the Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin boundary conference in the office of the secretary of state of Wisconsin, duplicates of which original maps shall be filed in the office of the secretary of the state of Michigan by the state geologist.

2.207 Governor to execute final draft and affix seal.

Sec. 7. The governor of Michigan is authorized and directed to witness the ratification of this compact by executing the final draft thereof in his own name and on behalf of the state of Michigan and affixing the seal of the state of Michigan.[1]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Michigan State Legislature, "MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, AND WISCONSIN BOUNDARIES Act 267 of 1947," accessed February 18, 2021
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