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Government responses to and political effects of the coronavirus pandemic, 2020 (California)

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Responses by state

Ballotpedia’s coverage of COVID-19 includes how federal, state, and local governments are responding, and how those responses are influencing election rules and operations, political campaigns, the economy, schools, and more.

This article contains coverage of eight kinds of state government responses to the coronavirus pandemic in 2020. The article tracks developments in these areas that took place between the start of the pandemic in March 2020 through Dec. 4, 2020. The government responses covered here include:

Additionally, the article includes:

To view current coverage areas, including mask requirements, school responses, travel restrictions, and much more, click a state in the map below.

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Changes to election dates and procedures, March 16 through November 19

General election changes

California modified its absentee/mail-in and in-person voting procedures for the November 3, 2020, general election as follows:

  • Absentee/mail-in voting: Mail-in ballots were sent to all registered voters in the general election.
  • In-person voting: Counties were authorized to consolidate precincts and defer opening voting centers until the third day before the election.

For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.

Primary election changes

California made no changes to its March 3, 2020, primary election.

For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.

Click the gray bar below for detailed information about primary, special, and general election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak


Statewide stay-at-home order, March 23 through December 4

See also: States with lockdown and stay-at-home orders in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

On March 19, Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) issued Executive Order N-33-20, which directed individuals in California to stay home except as needed to maintain essential critical infrastructure. [11] The order was replaced by the Blueprint for a Safer Economy reopening framework on August 28.

Following the release of Executive Order N-33-20, the California State Public Health Officer clarified the list of essential businesses and industries that would be permitted to remain open under the order. The document embedded below lists those businesses and industries.[12]

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Executive orders, March 30 through June 29

See also: Executive orders issued by governors and state agencies in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020


Court closures, March 17 through November 4

See also: State court closures in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020
  • September 1, 2020: The Superior Court of San Diego announced that jury summons had been mailed out to prospective jurors for the first time since the court closed in March. The summons asks recipients to be at the San Diego courthouse on October 9.[13]
  • August 27, 2020: Superior Court of Lake County Presiding Judge Michael Lunas received approval from California Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye to begin holding jury selection at a local fairground in preparation for the resumption of trials.[14]
  • August 11, 2020: Superior Court of Los Angeles County Presiding Judge Kevin Brazile issued an order delaying most trials through the fall. Although some criminal trials that do not require a jury may be able to start in September, Brazile delayed jury trails until January.[15]
  • July 24, 2020: Chief judge Phyllis Hamilton announced that jury trials will not resume in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California until at least September 30. In-person proceedings will be limited to 10 people.[16]
  • July 13, 2020: The Superior Court of California County of Los Angeles announced that jury trials would not resume until August.[17]
  • June 15, 2020: Los Angeles Superior Court Presiding Judge Kevin Brazile issued an order that allows some court operations to resume on June 22. That day, mental health courtrooms, juvenile dependency courtrooms, juvenile delinquency courtrooms, and complex personal and civil injury courtrooms may resume full operations. Probate courtrooms, civil courtroom, except for small claims and collections, and family law can begin phased reopening on June 22. On June 25, the Appellate Division will resume full operations and arguments. Unlawful Detainer courtrooms can resume law and motion and ex-parte applications beginning June 29. The Criminal Division will begin a phased reopening on July 6. Nonessential court business remains closed through July 9.[18]
  • June 3, 2020: California’s Judicial Council’s Pandemic Continuity of Operations Working Group released a pandemic recovery resources guide for courts, which addressed more than 200 questions and topics related to operations such as facilities and jury management.[19]
  • May 12, 2020: California’s Judicial Council created the “Pandemic Continuity of Operations Working Group,” to collect best practices and publish a framework to assist courts in the state to develop plans around the resumption of services interrupted by the coronavirus pandemic.[20]
  • March 24, 2020: The California Supreme Court suspended all jury trials for the next 60 days, through May 23. The court stated that trials could be conducted earlier if good cause is shown or through video or teleconference.[21]
  • March 16, 2020: The California Supreme Court suspended all in-person oral arguments.[22]

Legislative session changes, March 20 through October 1

See also: Changes to state legislative session dates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

The California State Legislature suspended its session, effective March 16, 2020, through May 4, 2020. The suspension had originally been scheduled to last through April 13, 2020. The legislature adjourned on August 31, 2020.[23][24]

Proposed and enacted legislation, March 25 through August 19

See also: State laws in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

See below for a complete list of bills related to the coronavirus pandemic in California. To learn more about a particular bill, click its title. This information is provided by BillTrack50 and LegiScan.

Rent, mortgage, eviction, and foreclosure policies, April 9 through November 24

See also: Changes to rent, mortgage, eviction, and foreclosure policies in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020


  • September 24, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) issued an executive order allowing cities to continue banning commercial evictions through March, 2021.[25]
  • August 31, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) signed a bill that prevented evictions for nonpayment of rent through January 31, 2021. Landlords could evict tenants for reasons other than nonpayment. Landlords could also begin eviction proceedings against tenants for nonpayment of rent if the tenant could not pay 25% of the amount owed and did not provide a declaration that COVID-19 was the cause of the financial hardship. Landlords could begin collecting unpaid rent beginning January 31, 2021.[26]
  • August 13, 2020: The Judicial Council of California voted 19-1 to end its emergency moratorium on evictions and foreclosure lawsuits policies on September 1. The rules adopted by the Council in April stayed all pending judicial foreclosure actions and stopped courts from issuing summonses to tenants.[27]
  • June 29, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) extended an authorization allowing local governments to stop evictions through September 30.[28]
  • June 11, 2020: The state’s largest landlord organization, The Apartment Association of Greater Los Angeles, filed a federal lawsuit challenging Los Angeles’ eviction policies implemented due to the coronavirus pandemic, including a Los Angeles City Council measure which halted rent increases for more than 600,000 apartments covered by the city’s rent stabilization program. The group alleged the policies violated its 5th Amendment rights against their property being taken by the government without just compensation.[29]
  • June 10, 2020: The California Judicial Council delayed its decision to end the judiciary's moratorium on evictions and foreclosures during the coronavirus pandemic. The Council was considering ending the halt on evictions and judicial foreclosures in August, ahead of its original timeline. In April, the Judicial Council voted to suspend evictions and foreclosures until 90 days after the expiration of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s (D) state of emergency. California Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye said, “After discussions with the Governor, legislative leaders, and Judicial Council members—as well as hearing from residents with many different viewpoints—I have suspended for the time being the vote on the emergency rules dealing with evictions and judicial foreclosures.”[30]
  • June 9, 2020: The San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved a measure on June 9 permanently prohibiting landlords from evicting tenants for failing to pay rent due to the coronavirus pandemic. The law only applied to payments missed while the city was actively under the state of emergency Mayor London Breed declared in February.[31]
  • May 29, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom extended his order allowing local government to pause evictions for renters through July 28, 2020.[32]
  • April 6, 2020: California's Judicial Council temporarily suspended evictions and foreclosures statewide for 90 days until after the state of emergency ended. This order did not prohibit landlords from starting an eviction.[33]
  • March 16, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) issued executive order N-28-20, authorizing local governments to pause evictions for renters through May 31, 2020. Tenants had to still pay rent and landlords could still recover rent that was due.[34]

Local

  • April 16, 2020: Los Angeles County announced a new plan to subsidize rent and expand tenant protection using emergency funding due to coronavirus. The program would provide subsidies of a maximum of $1,000 per month for families who had been economically impacted by the coronavirus pandemic.[35]
  • April 15, 2020: City leaders in San Jose announced that a temporary moratorium on residential evictions was extended through May 31. They also announced a plan which prohibited landlords from increasing rent temporarily. [36]
  • March 15, 2020: Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti (D) issued an executive order that prohibited landlords from evicting residential tenants in the City of Los Angeles during the local emergency, if the resident was able to demonstrate their inability to pay due to impact from the coronavirus.[34]
  • March 13, 2020: San Francisco Mayor London Breed suspended residential evictions for 30 days.[34]


Prison inmate release responses, March 30 through July 1

See also: State and local governments that released prison inmates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

State level

  • June 29, 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) announced that officials had identified 3,500 inmates that could potentially be released from prison. The inmates meet the same criteria as 3,500 other inmates released earlier this year. Each is within 150 days of release and considered medically vulnerable to coronavirus.[37]
  • June 16, 2020: The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation announced that inmates in state prisons for nonviolent offenses with less than 180 days left on their sentences are eligible for supervised release effective July 1.[38]
  • June 12, 2020: The California Judicial Council voted 17-2 to rescind the coronavirus emergency bail schedule, effective June 20. The emergency bail schedule, adopted April 6, set bail at $0 for almost all misdemeanor and low-level felonies. The Judicial Council suggested courts could keep the emergency schedule or reduced bail schedules where appropriate. Since the beginning of the pandemic, more than 20,000 defendants accused of lower-level offenses have been released pre-trial.[39]
  • April 15, 2020: Following the adoption of a new emergency bail schedule, more than 300 inmates were released from county jails in San Diego. The new emergency bail schedule was adopted by the California Judicial Council on April 6, and set bail at $0 for almost all misdemeanor and low-level felonies. The schedule will last for 90 days past the expiration of the state of emergency.[40]
  • March 31, 2020: California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) announced the expedited release of 3,500 inmates within a few weeks. The inmates considered for early release were serving terms for nonviolent crimes and were due to be released within 60 days.[41][42]

Local level

  • March 30, 2020: Los Angeles County Sheriff Alex Villanueva released 1,700 people who were convicted of nonviolent misdemeanors and scheduled to be released within 30 days throughout the month of March.[43]


Debate in California over responses to the coronavirus

See also: Debate in California over responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

Ballotpedia is covering the debate over continuing restrictions and closures in California in response to the coronavirus pandemic. Click on the links below to read more about these debates.

Status of industries, May 15 through July 31

Between May 15 and July 31, we conducted detailed tracking of industries and activities in each state daily.

  • "Yes" means an activity was allowed or an industry was permitted to open. "No" means an activity was not allowed or an industry was not permitted to reopen.
  • Some rules were applied regionally rather than statewide. Each cell shows the loosest restriction in place at the time, or the broadest level of an activity permitted in the state, even if that activity was only permitted regionally. Where applicable, we indicated that an activity was only permitted regionally, and provided details in a cell note. For example, if gyms were permitted to open in half of a state, the spreadsheet would say "Yes (regionally)," and differences between the regions would be explained in a note.
  • A lack of detail in a note or parentheses does not necessarily mean that an activity or industry was "back to normal." We did our best to capture caveats, exceptions, and modifications to activities. We acknowledge, though, that states put forth a large number of requirements for many industries and activities.

Initial reopening plan from March and April 2020 closures

California released an initial reopening plan from March and April 2020 closures on April 28, 2020. An analysis of this plan appeared in our Documenting America's Path to Recovery newsletter on May 13. The sections below include an analysis of the plan, the details of the plan, and reactions from officials to the plan.

Summary from Documenting America's Path to Recovery

See also: Documenting America's Path to Recovery: May 13, 2020

On April 28, California Gov. Gavin Newsom announced the Resilience Roadmap, a four-stage plan for reopening the state. California began the first phase of Stage 2 on May 8. Businesses in specified industries may reopen once the state has released safety guidance for their industry and if county health rules permit reopening. As of Wednesday, the state had released guidance for 20 industries, plus general cleaning and physical distancing guidelines. The first phase of Stage 2 allows retail businesses to open for curbside pickup and allows related manufacturing and logistics to resume. Outdoor museums, landscaping, car washes, pet grooming, offices where telework is not possible, and childcare for nonessential workers are also allowed. A later phase of Stage 2 will allow dine-in restaurants, shopping centers, and schools (with modifications) to reopen. The plan states that people over 65 or with serious medical conditions should continue to stay home until Stage 4. Newsom named six indicators that will determine when the state moves from one stage to the next:

  • The ability to monitor and protect our communities through testing, contact tracing, isolating, and supporting those who are positive or exposed;
  • The ability to prevent infection in people who are at risk for more severe COVID-19;
  • The ability of the hospital and health systems to handle surges;
  • The ability to develop therapeutics to meet the demand;
  • The ability for businesses, schools, and child care facilities to support physical distancing; and
  • The ability to determine when to reinstitute certain measures, such as the stay-at-home orders, if necessary.

On May 4, Newsom said the state could move into Stage 2 on May 8 due to a stabilization of COVID-19 intensive care unit rates, personal protective equipment inventory, surge capacity, growing testing capacity, and growing contact tracing capability. Counties may receive permission to move through Stage 2 more quickly than the state as a whole. For more on county variances, see below. If counties have implemented stricter restrictions than the state, they are permitted to relax those restrictions at their own pace throughout Stage 2.

Context

  • California was the first state to issue a stay-at-home order. It is the most populous U.S. state, with an estimated 39.5 million residents as of July 2019.
  • On March 4, Newsom declared a state of emergency. He issued a stay-at-home order March 19, with no expiration date, directing residents to stay home except for critical infrastructure work or to conduct authorized activities. On May 4, Newsom issued an executive order directing residents to obey State Public Health Officer Sonia Angell's directives. Angell issued an order on May 7, effective May 8, modifying stay-at-home directions and allowing for the implementation of Stage 2.
  • As of May 11, California had 69,382 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 2,847 deaths. Based on a population estimate of 39.5 million, the state had 175.6 cases per 100,000 residents and 7.2 deaths per 100,000 residents.
  • Los Angeles County accounted for 46.5% of the state's cases—32,279 cases—and 55.1% of deaths—1,569 deaths. As of July 2019, the county's estimated population was 10 million—25.4% of the total state population.
  • California is a Democratic trifecta, with a Democratic governor and Democratic majorities in both chambers of the state legislature.

Plan stages

Stage 1: Safety and Preparedness

  • Build out testing, contact tracing, personal protective equipment (PPE), and hospital surge capacity
  • Continue to make essential workplaces as safe as possible
    • Physical and workflow adaption
    • Essential workforce safety net
    • Make PPE more widely available
    • Individual behavior changes
  • Prepare sector-specific safety guidelines

Stage 2: Lower Risk Workplaces

Modifications for businesses

Industries that may open in the early phase of Stage 2, with modifications:

  • Curbside retail
  • Manufacturers
  • Logistics
  • Childcare for nonessential workers
  • Office-based (telework still strongly encouraged)
  • Select services (car washes, pet grooming, landscape gardening)
  • Outdoor museums and open gallery spaces/other public spaces with modifications

What may open in a later phase of Stage 2, which will involve a modified stay-at-home order:

  • Destination retail (i.e., shopping malls, swap meets)
  • Dine-in restaurants
  • Schools with modifications

Stay-at-home modifications for individual behavior The state public health officer's May 7 order stated the following:

“ Californians may leave their homes to work at, patronize, or otherwise engage with those businesses, establishments, or activities [allowed to reopen in Stage 2] and must, when they do so, continue at all times to practice physical distancing, minimize their time outside of the home, and wash their hands frequently. To prevent further spread of COVID-19 to and within other jurisdictions within the State, Californians should not travel significant distances and should stay close to home.[9] ”

Stage 3: Higher Risk Workplaces

Open higher risk environments with adaptations and limits on size of gatherings:

  • Personal care businesses (i.e., hair and nail salons, gyms)
  • Entertainment venues (i.e., movie theaters, sports without live audiences)
  • In-person religious services (i.e., churches, weddings)

Stage 4: End of Stay-At-Home Order

Re-open highest risk workplaces with all indicators satisfied once therapeutics have been developed:

  • Concerts
  • Convention centers
  • Sports with live audiences

County variance Counties may receive a variance to move through Stage 2—but not on to Stage 3— more quickly than the state as a whole. A county must meet readiness criteria specified by the California Department of Public Health and the state must post guidance for each industry permitted to reopen. Shopping malls, dine-in restaurants, and schools with modifications are permitted to reopen under county variances. As of May 13, Newsom had released guidance for dine-in restaurants and shopping centers. The public health criteria, outlined here, include new case and death benchmarks (i.e., no deaths in the past 14 days), testing capacity, hospital capacity, and a plan for how the county will reopen. As of Wednesday, the following counties qualified for a variance:

  • Amador County
  • Butte County
  • El Dorado County
  • Lassen County
  • Nevada County
  • Placer County
  • Plumas County
  • Shasta County
  • Sierra County
  • Tuolumne County
  • Yuba-Sutter County

If counties have implemented stricter restrictions than the state, they are permitted to relax those restrictions at their own pace throughout Stage 2.

Plan guidances

Statewide guidance for industries Statewide industry guidance says all facilities must do the following before reopening:

  • Perform a detailed risk assessment and implement a site-specific protection plan
  • Train employees on how to limit the spread of COVID-19, including how to screen themselves for symptoms and stay home if they have them
  • Implement individual control measures and screenings
  • Implement disinfecting protocols
  • Implement physical distancing guidelines

The guidance further says:

"It is critical that employees needing to self-isolate because of COVID-19 are encouraged to stay at home, with sick leave policies to support that, to prevent further infection in your workplace. See additional information on government programs supporting sick leave and worker’s compensation for COVID-19."

Industry-specific guidance for 20 industries (as of May 13) can be found here.

Guidance for customers and individuals

The roadmap contains the following guidance for individuals and customers.

“ Customers and individuals are encouraged to stay home if they have a fever or other COVID-19 symptoms. Those with symptoms or elevated temperatures should not shop, get services in person, go to work, or gather with others. If you’re not sure if this applies to you, check your symptoms with this Symptom Screener.

Higher risk individuals (over 65 or with serious medical conditions) should continue to stay home until Stage 4. Minimize errands by getting groceries delivered or asking for help from friends or family.

Shop safely! Crowded settings increase your risk of exposure to COVID-19. Wear a face covering or cloth mask, stay 6 feet away from others, avoid touching your face, and wash your hands when you get home.[9]

”

Coronavirus resources

Click the links below to explore official resources related to the coronavirus outbreak.

State resources

Twitter feeds for government officials and agencies appear below.

Federal resources

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ California Legislative Information, "SB-423 November 3, 2020, statewide general election," accessed August 10, 2020
  2. ↑ Supreme Court of California, "Legislature of the State of California v. Padilla: Opinion," July 17, 2020
  3. ↑ At the Lectern: Practicing Before the California Supreme Court, "Supreme Court orders redistricting delay," July 17, 2020
  4. ↑ Office of the Governor of California, "Governor Newsom Signs Legislation 6.18.2020," June 18, 2020
  5. ↑ California Courts, "Newsom v. The Superior Court of Sutter County: Docket," accessed June 19, 2020
  6. ↑ Sutter County Superior Court, "Gallagher v. Newsom: Order Granting Declaratory Relief and Temporary Restraining Order and Order to Show Cause," June 12, 2020
  7. ↑ Office of the Governor of California, "Executive Order N-67-20," June 3, 2020
  8. ↑ Office of the Governor of California, "Governor Newsom Issues Executive Order to Protect Public Health by Mailing Every Registered Voter a Ballot Ahead of the November General Election," May 8, 2020
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  10. ↑ Office of the Governor of California, "Executive Order N-34-20," March 20, 2020
  11. ↑ California Coronavirus (COVID-19) Response', "Executive Order N-33-20," March 19, 2020
  12. ↑ California Coronavirus (COVID-19) Response', "Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers," accessed March 24, 2020
  13. ↑ Patch, "Jury Trials To Resume In October In San Diego County," September 1, 2020
  14. ↑ Lake County News, "Lake County Superior Court prepares to resume trials; jury selection to be held at fairgrounds," August 27, 2020
  15. ↑ CBSN Los Angeles, "LA County Court Order Delays Non-Jury Trials Into Fall; Civil Jury Trials Postponed Until Next Year," August 11, 2020
  16. ↑ ABA Journal, "California federal court joins others in delaying jury trials amid rise in COVID-19 cases," July 24, 2020
  17. ↑ Reuters, "Los Angeles, Chicago courts further delay jury trials as pandemic drags on," July 13, 2020
  18. ↑ Metropolitan News-Enterprise, "General Reopening of Courtrooms Won’t Take Place June 22," June 15, 2020
  19. ↑ California's Judicial Branch, "Council Working Group Releases Pandemic Recovery Resource Guide for Courts," June 3, 2020
  20. ↑ National Center for State Courts, "Coronavirus and the Courts," May 13, 2020
  21. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Mar25courts
  22. ↑ California Supreme Court, "ORDER SUSPENDING IN-PERSON ORAL ARGUMENT AND SETTING ALL ARGUMENT SESSIONS AT THE COURT'S SAN FRANCISCO HEADQUARTERS," accessed March 17, 2020
  23. ↑ The Los Angeles Times, "California lawmakers approve $1 billion in funding and legislative hiatus due to coronavirus," March 16, 2020
  24. ↑ Politico, "California Legislature plans May 4 return as coronavirus disrupts public life," April 3, 2020
  25. ↑ San Francisco Chronicle, "Newsom extends California commercial eviction moratorium through March 2021," September 24, 2020
  26. ↑ The Wall Street Journal, "California Enacts Eviction Moratorium," September 1, 2020
  27. ↑ KQED, "California Eviction Moratorium to End Sept. 1, Judicial Council Says," August 13, 2020
  28. ↑ ABC 30, "Coronavirus: California extends state eviction moratorium through September," July 1, 2020
  29. ↑ The Los Angeles Times, "Landlord group sues city of L.A. over coronavirus anti-eviction protections," June 11, 2020
  30. ↑ capradio, "California Courts Delay Eviction Freeze Decision, End Zero Bail During Coronavirus Emergency," June 10, 2020
  31. ↑ San Francisco Business Times, "San Francisco permanently bans evicting tenants who didn't pay rent during Covid-19 crisis," June 9, 2020
  32. ↑ Office of Governor Gavin Newsom, "Governor Newsom Signs Executive Order on Actions in Response to COVID-19 5.29.20," May 29, 2020
  33. ↑ Cap Radio, "California Courts Suspend Eviction, Foreclosure Proceedings Until 90 Days After Coronavirus Emergency Lifted," April 6, 2020
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EvictMA
  35. ↑ Daily Bruin, "Los Angeles County approves new tenant protections, relief amid growing rent woes," April 16, 2020
  36. ↑ The Mercury News, "San Jose extends eviction moratorium, moves forward with rent freeze," April 15, 2020]
  37. ↑ KTLA, "Newsom says 3,500 more inmates may be released to slow spread of coronavirus in California prisons," June 30, 2020
  38. ↑ The Prison Policy Initiative, "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic," June 17, 2020
  39. ↑ Lake County News, "Judicial Council, chief justice end some emergency measures as California and courts expand reopening," June 12, 2020
  40. ↑ The San Diego Union-Tribune, "Hundreds released from jail under new bail rules, but prosecutors object to release of nearly 200 more," April 15, 2020
  41. ↑ The L.A. Times, "As coronavirus death toll mounts, California sees life upended for weeks to come," April 1, 2020
  42. ↑ The Hill, "California to release up to 3,500 non-violent inmates amid coronavirus outbreak," March 31, 2020
  43. ↑ New York Times, "‘Jails Are Petri Dishes’: Inmates Freed as the Virus Spreads Behind Bars," March 30, 2020
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